| Botanical name | Synonyms | Family | Common name |
| Abelia chinensis | | Caprifoliaceae | Chinese Abelia |
| Abelia triflora | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Abelia |
| Abelia x grandiflora | | Caprifoliaceae | Glossy Abelia |
| Abelmoschus angulosus | Abelmoschus angulosus var. grandiflorus | Malvaceae | Angled Wild Mallow |
| Abelmoschus angulosus var. purpureus | Hibiscus setinervis | Malvaceae | Purple Wild Musk Mallow |
| Abelmoschus crinitus | Hibiscus cancellatus | Malvaceae | Hairy Okra |
| Abelmoschus esculentus | Abelmoschus bammia, Abelmoschus longifolius | Malvaceae | Ladies Finger |
| Abelmoschus ficulneus | Hibiscus ficulneus | Malvaceae | White Wild Musk Mallow |
| Abelmoschus manihot | Hibiscus manihot | Malvaceae | Sweet Hibiscus |
| Abelmoschus moschatus | Hibiscus abelmoschus | Malvaceae | Musk Mallow |
| Abelmoschus sagittifolius | Abelmoschus coccineus, Abelmoschus moschatus subsp. tuberosus | Malvaceae | Pink Swamp Mallow |
| Abies delavayi | | Pinaceae | Delavay Fir |
| Abies densa | Abies spectabilis var. densa, Abies fordei | Pinaceae | Sikkim Fir |
| Abies pindrow | Abies himalayensis, Pinus pindrow, Pinus spectabilis var. pindrow | Pinaceae | West-Himalayan Silver Fir |
| Abies spectabilis | Pinus spectabilis, Pinus webbiana | Pinaceae | Himalayan Silver Fir |
| Abroma augusta | Abroma alata, Abroma angusta, Ambroma augustum | Sterculiaceae | Devil's Cotton |
| Abrus fruticulosus | Abrus schimperi, Hoepfneria africana | Fabaceae | Woody Rosary Pea |
| Abrus precatorius | | Fabaceae | Rosary Pea |
| Abrus pulchellus | Abrus laevigatus, Abrus stictosperma | Fabaceae | Showy Rosary Pea |
| Abutilon bidentatum | Sida bidentata, Abutilon microcarpum, Abutilon membranifolium | Malvaceae | Double-Toothed Mallow |
| Abutilon guineense | Abutilon indicum subsp. guineense, Sida guineensis | Malvaceae | Indian Abutilon |
| Abutilon hirtum | Abutilon heterotrichum, Abutilon indicum var. hirtum | Malvaceae | Hairy Indian Mallow |
| Abutilon indicum | Sida indica, Abutilon asiaticum, Abutilon arborescens | Malvaceae | Indian Mallow |
| Abutilon megapotamicum | | Malvaceae | Trailing Abutilon |
| Abutilon pannosum | Sida pannosa, Abutilon muticum, Abutilon glaucum | Malvaceae | Ragged Mallow |
| Abutilon persicum | Sida macrophylla, Sida persica, Sida polyandra | Malvaceae | Persian Mallow |
| Abutilon ramosum | Sida ramosa, Abutilon sidoides | Malvaceae | Sticky Indian Mallow |
| Abutilon ranadei | | Malvaceae | Bell Mallow |
| Abutilon theophrasti | Sida planiflora, Abutilon avicennae, Malva abutilon | Malvaceae | Velvet-Leaf |
| Acacia auriculiformis | | Mimosaceae | Earleaf Acacia |
| Acacia confusa | | Mimosaceae | Formosa Acacia |
| Acacia dealbata | Mimosa dealbata, Racosperma dealbatum | Mimosaceae | Silver Wattle |
| Acacia holosericea | Acacia leucophylla, Acacia multispirea | Fabaceae | Soapbush Wattle |
| Acacia mangium | Racosperma mangium, Mangium montanum | Mimosaceae | Hickory Wattle |
| Acacia mearnsii | | Mimosaceae | Black Wattle |
| Acacia melanoxylon | Acacia arcuata, Acacia melanoxylum, Mimosa melanoxylon, Mimosa melanoxylum | Mimosaceae | Australian Blackwood |
| Acalypha australis | Acalypha minima, Acalypha pauciflora, Acalypha gemina | Euphorbiaceae | Asian Copperleaf |
| Acalypha capitata | Ricinocarpus capitatus, Acalypha alnifolia , Ricinocarpus alnifolius | Euphorbiaceae | Alder Leaved Cat Tail |
| Acalypha ciliata | Acalypha ciliata var. trichophoraRicinocarpus ciliatus, | Euphorbiaceae | Fringed Acalypha |
| Acalypha fruticosa | Acalypha betulina, Acalypha paxiana | Euphorbiaceae | Birch-Leaved Cat Tail |
| Acalypha hispida | | Euphorbiaceae | Cat's Tail |
| Acalypha indica | Acalypha chinensis, Acalypha ciliata, Acalypha somalensis, Acalypha spicata | Euphorbiaceae | Indian Copperleaf |
| Acalypha lanceolata | Acalypha boehmerioides | Euphorbiaceae | Toothed Bract Indian Copperleaf |
| Acalypha malabarica | Ricinocarpus malabaricus | Euphorbiaceae | Malabar Copperleaf |
| Acalypha paniculata | Acalypha wallichii, Ricinocarpus villosus var. racemosus | Euphorbiaceae | Panicled Acalypha |
| Acalypha pendula | Acalypha chamaedrifolia var. pendula | Euphorbiaceae | Dwarf Cat Tail |
| Acalypha siamensis | | Euphorbiaceae | Siamese Acalypha |
| Acalypha wilkesiana | | Euphorbiaceae | Copperleaf green |
| Acalypha wilkesiana | | Euphorbiaceae | Copperleaf |
| Acampe carinata | Acampe papillosa var. flava, Gastrochilus carinatus | Orchidaceae | Keeled Acampe |
| Acampe ochracea | Saccolabium ochraceum, Gastrochilus ochraceus, Acampe dentata | Orchidaceae | Ochre-Yellow Acampe |
| Acampe praemorsa | Acampe excavata, Acampe wightiana, Vanda wightiana | Orchidaceae | Clipped Acampe |
| Acampe rigida | Vanda multiflora, Aerides rigida, Acampe multiflora | Orchidaceae | Stiff Acampe |
| Acanthephippium bicolor | | Orchidaceae | Jug Flower Orchid |
| Acanthephippium striatum | Acanthophippium striatum, Acanthephippium simplex | Orchidaceae | Striped Jug Flower Orchid |
| Acanthocereus tetragonus | Cereus tetragonus, Cactus tetragonus | Cactaceae | Fairy Castle Cactus |
| Acantholimon lycopodioides | Statice lycopodioides, Acantholimon tibeticum, Armeriastrum lycopodiodes | Plumbaginaceae | Lycopodium Prickly Thrift |
| Acanthophyllum cerastioides | Gypsophila cerastioides, Timaeosia rupestris, Timaeosia cerastioides | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Baby's Breath |
| Acanthospermum hispidum | | Asteraceae | Bristly Starbur |
| Acanthus ebracteatus | Acanthus ilicifolius var. ebracteatus, Dilivaria ebracteata | Acanthaceae | Holly Mangrove |
| Acanthus ilicifolius | | Acanthaceae | Sea Holly |
| Acanthus leucostachyus | | Acanthaceae | White-Spike Acanthus |
| Acanthus mollis | Acanthus niger, Acanthus latifolius, Acanthus longifolius | Acanthaceae | Bear's Breeches |
| Acca sellowiana | Feijoa obovata, Feijoa sellowiana, Orthostemon sellowianus | Myrtaceae | Pineapple Guava |
| Acer acuminatum | Acer caudatum | Sapindaceae | Tapering Leaf Maple |
| Acer caesium | Acer molle | Sapindaceae | Bluish Grey Maple |
| Acer cappadocicum | Acer divergens, Acer laetum | Sapindaceae | Caucasian Maple |
| Acer caudatum | Acer erosum, Acer papilio, Acer multiserratum | Sapindaceae | Candle Maple |
| Acer negundo | | Sapindaceae | Three-Leaved Maple |
| Acer oblongum | | Sapindaceae | Himalayan Maple |
| Acer palmatum | | Sapindaceae | Japanese Maple |
| Achetaria azurea | Otacanthus azureus, Otacanthus caeruleu, Stemodia azureas | Plantaginaceae | Amazon Blue |
| Achillea filipendulina | | Asteraceae | Fernleaf Yarrow |
| Achillea millefolium | Achillea lanulosa, Achillea magna | Asteraceae | Common Yarrow |
| Achillea ptarmica | Achillea grandis, Chrysanthemum ptarmicifolium | Asteraceae | Sneezeweed |
| Achimenes longiflora | Achimenes kleei, Achimenes jaureguia | Gesneriaceae | Cupid's Bower |
| Achnatherum sibiricum | Achnatherum avenoides, Avena sibirica, Stipa sibirica | Poaceae | Siberian Needlegrass |
| Achyranthes aspera | | Amaranthaceae | Prickly Chaff Flower |
| Achyranthes bidentata | Achyranthes hispida, Achyranthes japonica, Achyranthes chinensis | Amaranthaceae | Ox Knee |
| Achyranthes coynei | | Amaranthaceae | South-Indian Chaff Flower |
| Achyrospermum densiflorum | Achyrospermum wallichianum, Teucrium wallichianum | Lamiaceae | Dense-Flowered Germander |
| Acilepis dendigulensis | Vernonia indica, Decaneurum dendigulense | Asteraceae | Indian Vernonia |
| Acilepis ornata | Acilepis dalzelliana, Vernonia dalzelliana | Asteraceae | Showy Vernonia |
| Acilepis saligna | Vernonia saligna, Vernonia seguinii, Conyza saligna | Asteraceae | Willow-Leaf Vernonia |
| Acmella ciliata | Spilanthes ciliata, Acmella fimbriata, Ceratocephalus ciliatus | Asteraceae | Fringed Pod Toothache Plant |
| Acmella oleracea | Spilanthes acmella var. oleracea, Spilanthes fusca | Asteraceae | Toothache Plant |
| Acmella paniculata | Spilanthes paniculata, Spilanthes acmella var. paniculata | Asteraceae | Panicled Spot Flower |
| Acmella radicans | Spilanthes radicans, Acmella tenella, Spilanthes debilis | Asteraceae | White Spot-Flower |
| Acmella uliginosa | Spilanthes uliginosa | Asteraceae | Marsh Para Cress |
| Acokanthera oppositifolia | Acokanthera longiflora, Acokanthera venenata, Cestrum oppositifolium | Apocynaceae | Poison Bush |
| Aconitum chasmanthum | | Ranunculaceae | Gaping Monkshood |
| Aconitum fletcherianum | | Ranunculaceae | East-Himalayan Monkshood |
| Aconitum heterophylloides | Aconitum deinorrhizum, Aconitum laciniatum, Aconitum nepalense | Ranunculaceae | Nepal Monkshood |
| Aconitum heterophyllum | | Ranunculaceae | Greenish Himalayan Monkshood |
| Aconitum heterophyllum var. bracteatum | | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Monkshood |
| Aconitum kashmiricum | Aconitum heterophyllum subsp. parciflorum | Ranunculaceae | Kashmir Monkshood |
| Aconitum laeve | Aconitum vitifolium | Ranunculaceae | Grape-Leaved Monkshood |
| Aconitum lethale | Aconitum atrox, Caltha codua, Aconitum balfourii | Ranunculaceae | Lethal Monkshood |
| Aconitum novoluridum | Aconitum luridum | Ranunculaceae | Lurid Himalayan Monkshood |
| Aconitum rotundifolium | Aconitum tianschanicum, Aconitum napellus var. rotundifolium | Ranunculaceae | Roundleaf Monkshood |
| Aconitum violaceum | Aconitum weileri | Ranunculaceae | Violet Monkshood |
| Acorus calamus | | Araceae | Sweet Flag |
| Acranthera grandiflora | | Rubiaceae | Large-Flowered Acranthera |
| Acrocarpus fraxinifolius | Acrocarpus combretiflorus, Acrocarpus grandis | Caesalpiniaceae | Pink Cedar |
| Acronychia pedunculata | Doerrienia malabarica, Cyminosma pedunculata, Acronychia laurifolia | Rutaceae | Indian Aspen |
| Acrotrema agastyamalayanum | | Dilleniaceae | Agastyamalai Acrotrema |
| Acrotrema arnottianum | | Dilleniaceae | Kerala Acrotrema |
| Actaea kashmiriana | Cimicifuga kashmiriana | Ranunculaceae | Kashmir Baneberry |
| Actaea spicata var. acuminata | Actaea acuminata | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Baneberry |
| Actephila excelsa | Actephila zeylanica, Actephila thomsonii, Actephila neilgherrensis | Phyllanthaceae | Nilgiri Actephila |
| Actinidia callosa | | Actinidiaceae | Himalayan Kiwi Vine |
| Actinidia chinensis var. hispida | Actinidia deliciosa, Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa | Actinidiaceae | Kiwifruit |
| Actinodaphne hookeri | | Lauraceae | Pisa |
| Actinodaphne sikkimensis | Iozoste sikkimensis | Lauraceae | Sikkim Bay Laurel |
| Actinostemma tenerum var. tenerum | Actinostemma parvifolium, Momordica paina, Karivia longicirrha | Cucurbitaceae | Tender Ray-Flower Gourd |
| Adansonia digitata | | Malvaceae | Baobab |
| Adelocaryum lambertianum | Paracaryum lambertianum, Mattiastrum lambertianum, Paracaryopsis lambertiana | Boraginaceae | Smooth-Nutlet Borage |
| Adenanthera microsperma | Adenanthera pavonina var. microsperma | Mimosaceae | Bead Tree |
| Adenanthera pavonina | Adenanthera gersenii, Adenanthera polita, Corallaria parvifolia | Mimosaceae | Red Bead Tree |
| Adenia hondala | Adenia palmata, Modecca palmata | Passifloraceae | Hondala |
| Adenia trilobata | Modecca trilobata, Passiflora saponaria | Passifloraceae | Trilobed Adenia |
| Adenium obesum | | Apocynaceae | Desert Rose |
| Adenocalymma comosum | Bignonia comosa, Adenocalymma nitidum, Adenocalymma acutissimum | Bignoniaceae | Yellow Trumpet Vine |
| Adenoon indicum | | Asteraceae | Blue Sonki |
| Adenosma indiana | Adenosma capitata, Stemodia capitata, Manulea indica | Plantaginaceae | Indian Scent-Wort |
| Adenostemma lavenia | Verbesina lavenia, Adenostemma viscosum | Asteraceae | Sticky Daisy |
| Adina cordifolia | Haldina cordifolia, Nauclea cordifolia, Nauclea sterculiifolia | Rubiaceae | Yellow Teak |
| Adina rubella | Adina fauriei, Nauclea rubella | Rubiaceae | Chinese Buttonbush |
| Adonidia merrillii | Veitchia merrillii, Normanbya merrillii | Arecaceae | Manila Palm |
| Adonis aestivalis | | Ranunculaceae | Pheasant's Eye |
| Adonis chrysocyathus | Adonis margaritae, Chrysocyathus falconeri | Ranunculaceae | Yellow Himalayan Oxeye Daisy |
| Aechmanthera gossypina | Aechmanthera tomentosa, Ruellia tomentosa | Acanthaceae | Blue Trumpet Bush |
| Aechmea distichantha | | Bromeliaceae | Brazilian Vaseplant |
| Aechmea fasciata | | Bromeliaceae | Silver Vase Bromeliad |
| Aechmea gamosepala | | Bromeliaceae | Match Stick Plant |
| Aegiceras corniculatum | Rhizophora corniculata | Myrsinaceae | River Mangrove |
| Aegilops tauschii | | Poaceae | Kashmir Goat-Grass |
| Aeginetia indica | | Orobanchaceae | Forest Ghost Flower |
| Aeginetia pedunculata | Aeginetia acaulis, Aeginetia saccharicola | Orobanchaceae | Yellow Ghost Flower |
| Aegle marmelos | Crateva marmelos, Aegle marmelos var. mahurensis | Rutaceae | Bel |
| Aeluropus lagopoides | Poa pungens, Poa repens, Aeluropus concinnus | Poaceae | Mangrove Grass |
| Aenhenrya rotundifolia | Aenhenrya agastyamalayana, Odontochilus rotundifolius, Anoectochilus rotundifolius | Orchidaceae | Roundleaf Henry-Orchid |
| Aeonium spp. | | Crassulaceae | Aeonium |
| Aerides crispa | Aerides crispum | Orchidaceae | Curled Aerides |
| Aerides maculosa | Saccolabium speciosum, Aerides schroederi, Aerides illustris | Orchidaceae | Fox Brush Orchid |
| Aerides multiflora | Aerides affinis, Aerides lobbii, Aerides veitchii | Orchidaceae | Many Flowered Fox Brush Orchid |
| Aerides odorata | Aerides flavida, Aerides nobilis, Aerides cornuta | Orchidaceae | Fragrant Fox Brush Orchid |
| Aerides ringens | Saccolabium ringens, Gastrochilus ringens, Aerides linearis | Orchidaceae | Rigid Aerides |
| Aerides rosea | Aerides fieldingii, Aerides trigona, Aerides williamsii | Orchidaceae | Rosy Fox Brush Orchid |
| Aerva javanica | Aerva ovata, Aerva persica, Aerva tomentosa | Amaranthaceae | Desert Cotton |
| Aeschynanthus acuminatus | Aeschynanthus bracteatus, Aeschynanthus chinensis, Trichosporum acuminatum | Gesneriaceae | Tapering-Leaf Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus angustioblongus | | Gesneriaceae | Narrow-Leaf Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus bracteatus | Aeschynanthus paxtonii, Aeschynanthus peelii | Gesneriaceae | Bracted Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus gracilis | Trichosporum gracile | Gesneriaceae | Graceful Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus hookeri | Aeschynanthus parasiticus, Trichosporum hookeri | Gesneriaceae | Parasite Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus linearifolius | Aeschynanthus oblanceolatus | Gesneriaceae | Spindle-Leaf Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus lineatus | Aeschynanthus chorisepalus | Gesneriaceae | Striped Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus mannii | Trichosporum mannii | Gesneriaceae | Khasi Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus micranthus | Aeschynanthus parviflorus, Aeschynanthus guangxiensis | Gesneriaceae | Small-Flowered Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus monetarius | | Gesneriaceae | Roundleaf Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus parasiticus | Aeschynanthus macranthus, Aeschynanthus grandiflorus | Gesneriaceae | Large-Flower Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus parviflorus | Aeschynanthus sikkimensis, Aeschynanthus ramosissimus | Gesneriaceae | Sikkim Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus perrottetii | Aeschynanthus ceylanicus | Gesneriaceae | Nilgiri Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus pulcher | Aeschynanthus lobbianus, Aeschynanthus lanceolatus, Aeschynanthus javanicus | Gesneriaceae | Lipstick Vine |
| Aeschynanthus stenosepalus | Aeschynanthus tenuis | Gesneriaceae | Narrow-Sepal Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus superbus | Trichosporum superbum | Gesneriaceae | Superb Blushwort |
| Aeschynomene americana | | Fabaceae | American Joint Vetch |
| Aeschynomene aspera | Aeschynomene indica var. aspera, Aeschynomene aquatica | Fabaceae | Shola Pith Plant |
| Aeschynomene indica | Aeschynomene diffusa, Aeschynomene kashmiriana, Aeschynomene pumila | Fabaceae | Indian Joint Vetch |
| Aesculus assamica | Aesculus punduana | Sapindaceae | Assam Horse Chestnut |
| Aesculus indica | Pavia indica | Sapindaceae | Indian Horse Chestnut |
| Afrocarpus gracilior | Podocarpus gracilior, Decussocarpus gracilior, Nageia falcata var. gracilior | Podocarpaceae | Fern Pine |
| Afrohybanthus travancoricus | Hybanthus travancoricus, Ionidium travancoricum | Violaceae | Travancore Greenviolet |
| Aganope thyrsiflora | Derris thyrsiflora, Aganope floribunda, Millettia thyrsiflora | Fabaceae | East-Himalayan Derris |
| Aganosma cymosa | Echites cymosus | Apocynaceae | Forest Aganosma |
| Aganosma heynei | Aganosma dichotoma, Aganosma caryophyllata, Echites dichotomus | Apocynaceae | Malati |
| Agapanthus africanus | Agapanthus umbellatus | Amaryllidaceae | Lily of the Nile |
| Agapetes angulata | Vaccinium angulatum, Ceratostema angulatum, Vaccinium odontocerum | Ericaceae | Angled-Stem Lantern Flower |
| Agapetes griffithii | Agapetes xizangensis | Ericaceae | Pink Lantern Flower |
| Agapetes macrantha var. grandiflora | Agapetes grandiflora, Ceratostema variegatum | Ericaceae | Large Lantern Flower |
| Agapetes neriifolia | Desmogyne minor | Ericaceae | Oleander-Leaf Lantern Flower |
| Agapetes odontocera | | Ericaceae | Meghalaya Lantern Flower |
| Agapetes serpens | Pentapterygium serpens, Vaccinium serpens,Thibaudia myrtifolia | Ericaceae | Himalayan Lantern |
| Agathis robusta | Agathis palmerstonii | Araucariaceae | Kauri Pine |
| Agave americana | | Asparagaceae | Century Plant |
| Agave amica | Polianthes tuberosa, Agave polianthes, Agave tuberosa | Asparagaceae | Rajnigandha |
| Agave angustifolia | Agave wrightii, Agave vivipara | Asparagaceae | Caribbean Century Plant |
| Agave attenuata | | Asparagaceae | Swan's Neck Agave |
| Agave sisalana | Agave rigida var. sisalana | Asparagaceae | Sisal Agave |
| Ageratina adenophora | Eupatorium adenophorum, Eupatorium glandulosum | Asteraceae | Catweed |
| Ageratina riparia | Eupatorium riparium | Asteraceae | Mistflower |
| Ageratum conyzoides | | Asteraceae | Goat Weed |
| Ageratum houstonianum | | Asteraceae | Floss Flower |
| Aglaia elaeagnoidea | Aglaia roxbughiana, Milnea roxburghiana, Nemedra elaeagnoidea | Meliaceae | Priyangu |
| Aglaia lawii | Aglaia tetrapetala, Aglaia sclerocarpa, Aglaia racemosa | Meliaceae | Four-Petal Aglaia |
| Aglaia odorata | Aglaia oblanceolata, Aglaia pentaphylla, Aglaia sinensis | Meliaceae | Chinese Perfume Tree |
| Aglaia perviridis | Aglaia kingiana, Aglaia maiae, Aglaia canarensis | Meliaceae | Mangalore Aglaia |
| Aglaia simplicifolia | Aglaia triandraAglaia meliosmoides | Meliaceae | Simple-Leaved Aglaia |
| Aglaonema commutatum | Aglaonema marantifolium var. commutatum | Araceae | Chinese Evergreen |
| Aglaonema hookerianum | Aglaonema clarkei | Araceae | East-Indian Evergreen |
| Aglaonema nitidum | Aglaonema integrifolium, Arum integrifolium, Calla nitida | Araceae | Burmese Evergreen |
| Agrimonia eupatoria subsp. asiatica | Agrimonia asiatica | Rosaceae | Asian Agrimony |
| Agrimonia pilosa | Agrimonia dahurica | Rosaceae | Hairy Agrimony |
| Agrostemma githago | | Caryophyllaceae | Corn Cockle |
| Agrostistachys indica | Agrostistachys longifolia, Agrostistachys maesoana | Euphorbiaceae | Leaf-Litter Plant |
| Agrostophyllum callosum | | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Grass-Leaf Orchid |
| Agrostophyllum planicaule | Eria planicaulis, Agrostophyllum khasianum, Agrostophyllum hasseltii | Orchidaceae | Flat-Stem Eria |
| Ailanthus altissima | Toxicodendron altissimum | Simaroubaceae | Tree of Heaven |
| Ailanthus excelsa | | Simaroubaceae | Indian Tree of Heaven |
| Ailanthus triphysa | Ailanthus malabarica, Pongelion malabaricum | Simaroubaceae | Malabar Tree of Heaven |
| Ainsliaea aptera | Liatris cordata | Asteraceae | Wingless Ainsliaea |
| Ainsliaea latifolia | Ainsliaea hypoleuca, Ainsliaea scabrida, Ainsliaea triflora | Asteraceae | Broadleaf Ainsliaea |
| Ajania fruticulosa | Tanacetum fruticulosum, Chrysanthemum gracile, Ajania gracilis | Asteraceae | Shrubby Ajania |
| Ajania khartensis | Tanacetum mutellina, Chrysanthemum mutellina, Chrysanthemum khartense | Asteraceae | Prostrate Tansy |
| Ajania nubigena | Tanacetum nubigenum, Chrysanthemum nubigenum, Artemisia nubigena | Asteraceae | Alpine Tansy |
| Ajania tibetica | Chrysanthemum tibeticum, Tanacetum tibeticum | Asteraceae | Tibetan Tansy |
| Ajuga integrifolia | Ajuga bracteosa, Ajuga alba | Lamiaceae | Bracted Bugleweed |
| Ajuga lobata | Bulga lobata | Lamiaceae | Lobed-Leaf Bugleweed |
| Ajuga macrosperma | Ajuga sikkimensis, Ajuga macrosperma var. macrosperma, Ajuga geniculata | Lamiaceae | Basil Bugleweed |
| Ajuga parviflora | | Lamiaceae | Small-Flowered Bugleweed |
| Ajuga reptans | Ajuga repens, Ajuga breviproles | Lamiaceae | Common Bugleweed |
| Alangium alpinum | Marlea begoniifolia var. alpina | Cornaceae | Mountain Alangium |
| Alangium chinense | Alangium octopetalum, Alangium begoniifolium | Cornaceae | Chinese Alangium |
| Alangium hexapetalum | Alangium salviifolium var. hexapetalum, Alangium salviifolium subsp. hexapetalum | Cornaceae | Climbing Alangium |
| Alangium salviifolium | | Cornaceae | Sage Leaved Alangium |
| Albizia amara subsp. amara | Mimosa amara | Mimosaceae | Krishna Siris |
| Albizia chinensis | Acacia stipulacea, Mimosa chinensis, Albizia stipulata | Mimosaceae | Chinese Albizia |
| Albizia julibrissin | Acacia julibrissin, Acacia mollis, Mimosa arborea | Mimosaceae | Silktree Mimosa |
| Albizia lebbeck | | Mimosaceae | Siris Tree |
| Albizia lucidior | Albizia lucida, Inga lucidior, Mimosa lucida | Mimosaceae | Potka Siris |
| Albizia odoratissima | Acacia odoratissima, Albizia micrantha, Mimosa odoratissima | Mimosaceae | Black Siris |
| Albizia procera | | Mimosaceae | White Siris |
| Albuca bracteata | Ornithogalum longibracteatum, Ornithogalum bracteatum | Asparagaceae | Pregnant Onion |
| Alcea rosea | Althaea chinensis, Althaea rosea, Althaea cretica | Malvaceae | Hollyhock |
| Alcea rosea | | Malvaceae | Double Hollyhock |
| Alchemilla trollii | | Rosaceae | Himalayan Lady's Mantle |
| Alectra avensis | Sida cavaleriei, Alectra indica, Melasma indicum | Orobanchaceae | Indian Alectra |
| Aletris pauciflora | Aletris nepalensis Hook.f. [Illeg.], Stachyopogon pauciflorus, Aletris delavayi | Nartheciaceae | Few Flowered Colic-Root |
| Aletris pauciflora var. khasiana | Aletris khasiana, Aletris lanuginosa | Nartheciaceae | Khasi Colic-Root |
| Aletris spicata | Hypoxis spicata, Aletris farinosa, Hypoxis farinosa | Nartheciaceae | Spiked Colic-Root |
| Aleurites moluccanus | Aleurites javanicus, Aleurites pentaphyllus, Aleurites trilobus, Jatropha moluccana | Euphorbiaceae | Candle Nut |
| Alhagi maurorum | Alhagi pseudalhagi, Alhagi camelorum, Alhagi persarum | Fabaceae | Camel Thorn |
| Alisma lanceolatum | | Alismataceae | Lanceleaf Water Plantain |
| Alisma plantago-aquatica | | Alismataceae | Common Water Plantain |
| Alkekengi officinarum | Physalis alkekengi L., Physalis hyemalis | Solanaceae | Chinese Lantern Plant |
| Allamanda blanchetii | Allamanda violacea | Apocynaceae | Purple Allamanda |
| Allamanda cathartica | | Apocynaceae | Golden Trumpet Vine |
| Allamanda schottii | Allamanda neriifolia, Allamanda magnifica | Apocynaceae | Bush Allamanda |
| Allardia glabra | Waldheimia glabra, Anthemis glabra, Tanacetum glabra | Asteraceae | Smooth Ground Daisy |
| Allardia nivea | Waldheimia nivea | Asteraceae | Alpine Ground Daisy |
| Allardia tomentosa | Waldheimia tomentosa, Allardia incana, Allardia lanata | Asteraceae | White-Leaf Ground Daisy |
| Allardia tridactylites | Waldheimia tridactylites | Asteraceae | Three-Finger Ground Daisy |
| Alliaria petiolata | Arabis officinalis, Arabis petiolate, Sisymbrium alliaria | Brassicaceae | Garlic Mustard |
| Allium ampeloprasum | | Amaryllidaceae | Elephant Garlic |
| Allium caesium | Allium urceolatum, Allium renardii | Amaryllidaceae | Blue Onion |
| Allium carolinianum | Allium thomsonii, Allium polyphyllum, Allium platystylum | Amaryllidaceae | Stout Alpine Onion |
| Allium cepa | | Amaryllidaceae | Onion |
| Allium chinense | Allium bakeri, Allium exsertum, Allium splendens | Amaryllidaceae | Chinese Onion |
| Allium hookeri | | Amaryllidaceae | East-Himalayan Chives |
| Allium humile | Allium govanianum, Allium nivale | Amaryllidaceae | Small Alpine Onion |
| Allium jacquemontii | Allium miserabile | Amaryllidaceae | West-Himalayan Onion |
| Allium sativum | Allium ophioscorodon, Allium pekinense | Amaryllidaceae | Garlic |
| Allium schoenoprasum | Allium alpinum, Allium montanum | Amaryllidaceae | Chives |
| Allium semenovii | Allium tristylum | Amaryllidaceae | Yellow-Flower Onion |
| Allium stracheyi | | Amaryllidaceae | Long-Stamen Himalayan Onion |
| Allium tuberosum | Allium roxburghii, Allium sulvia | Amaryllidaceae | Garlic Chives |
| Allium victorialis | Cepa victorialis, Allium plantagineum, Allium anguinum | Amaryllidaceae | Alpine Leek |
| Allium wallichii | Allium polyastrum, Allium bulleyanum, Allium praelatitium | Amaryllidaceae | Himalayan Onion |
| Allmania nodiflora | Celosia nodiflora, Chamissoa albida | Amaranthaceae | Node Flower Allmania |
| Allophylus cobbe | Rhus cobbe | Sapindaceae | Indian Allophylus |
| Allophylus serratus | Allophylus cobbe var. serratus, Ornitrophe serrata, Schmidelia serrata | Sapindaceae | Toothed-Leaf Allophylus |
| Alloteropsis cimicina | Coridochloa cimicina, Panicum cimicinum, Axonopus cimicinus | Poaceae | Summer Grass |
| Alnus nepalensis | | Betulaceae | Nepal Alder |
| Alnus nitida | Clethropsis nitida | Betulaceae | West Himalayan Alder |
| Alocasia cucullata | Arum cucullatum, Colocasia rugosa, Alocasia rugosa | Araceae | Chinese Taro |
| Alocasia decipiens | | Araceae | Upright Elephant Ear |
| Alocasia indica | Arum indicum, Colocasia indica | Araceae | Indian Taro |
| Alocasia macrorrhizos | Alocasia cordifolia, Alocasia grandis, Alocasia pallida | Araceae | Giant Taro |
| Alocasia sanderiana | | Araceae | Kris Plant |
| Aloe arborescens | | Asphodelaceae | Krantz Aloe |
| Aloe camperi | Aloe albopicta, Aloe eru | Asphodelaceae | Popcorn Aloe |
| Aloe deltoideodonta | | Asphodelaceae | Delta-shaped Aloe |
| Aloe humilis | | Asphodelaceae | Spider Aloe |
| Aloe maculata | Aloe saponaria, Aloe latifolia | Asphodelaceae | Soap Aloe |
| Aloe vera | Aloe barbadensis, Aloe indica, Aloe vulgaris | Asphodelaceae | Aloe Vera |
| Alopecurus aequalis | Alopecurus fulvus, Alopecurus diandrus, Alopecurus paludosus | Poaceae | Shortawn Foxtail |
| Alopecurus myosuroides | Alopecurus agrestis, Alopecurus tonsus, Alopecurus purpurascens | Poaceae | Black-Grass |
| Alopecurus pratensis | Tozzettia pratensis, Alopecurus laxiflorus, Alopecurus pallidus | Poaceae | Meadow Foxtail |
| Aloysia citriodora | Aloysia triphylla, Verbena triphylla | Verbenaceae | Lemon Verbena |
| Aloysia virgata | Verbena virgata, Priva virgata, Zappania virgata | Verbenaceae | Sweet Almond Bush |
| Alphonsea sclerocarpa | | Annonaceae | Hard-Fruit Alphonsea |
| Alpinia calcarata | | Zingiberaceae | Snap Ginger |
| Alpinia galanga | Alpinia carnea, Alpinia alba, Alpinia viridiflora | Zingiberaceae | Galangal |
| Alpinia malaccensis | Costus malaccensis | Zingiberaceae | Malacca Ginger |
| Alpinia nigra | Alpinia allughas, Amomum nigrum | Zingiberaceae | Black Galangal |
| Alpinia purpurata | | Zingiberaceae | Red Ginger |
| Alpinia vittata | Alpinia tricolor, Alpinia sanderae | Zingiberaceae | Striped Ginger |
| Alpinia zerumbet | | Zingiberaceae | Shell Ginger |
| Alseodaphne semecarpifolia | Laurus semecarpifolia, Persea semecarpifolia | Lauraceae | Marshnut-Leaf Bay Tree |
| Alstonia macrophylla | | Apocynaceae | Batino |
| Alstonia scholaris | Echites scholaris | Apocynaceae | Scholar Tree |
| Alstonia venenata | Blaberopus venenatus, | Apocynaceae | Poison Devil Tree |
| Alstroemeria aurea | Alstroemeria aurantiaca, Alstroemeria pulchella | Liliaceae | Golden Peruvian Lily |
| Alstroemeria spp. | | Liliaceae | Peruvian Lily |
| Alternanthera bettzickiana | Telanthera bettzichiana, Alternanthera amoena | Amaranthaceae | Calico Plant |
| Alternanthera brasiliana | Gomphrena brasiliana, Gomphrena dentata | Amaranthaceae | Joy Weed |
| Alternanthera ficoidea | Gomphrena ficoidea, Alternanthera tenella | Amaranthaceae | Fig Joyweed |
| Alternanthera kanhae | | Amaranthaceae | Hairy Joyweed |
| Alternanthera paronychioides | | Amaranthaceae | Smooth Chaff Flower |
| Alternanthera philoxeroides | Bucholzia philoxeroides, Achyranthes paludosa, Achyranthes philoxeroides | Amaranthaceae | Alligator Weed |
| Alternanthera pungens | | Amaranthaceae | Khaki Weed |
| Alternanthera sessilis | | Amaranthaceae | Stalkless Joyweed |
| Alysicarpus belgaumensis | Desmodiastrum belgaumense, Fabricia belgaumensis | Fabaceae | Belgaum Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus bupleurifolius | Hedysarum gramineum, Hedysarum bupleurifolium | Fabaceae | Lanceleaf Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus bupleurifolius var. gracilis | Alysicarpus gracilis | Fabaceae | Graceful Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus glumaceus | Hedysarum glumaceum, Hedysarum violaceum | Fabaceae | Bracted Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus hamosus | Alysicarpus procumbens, Hedysarum procumbens | Fabaceae | Round-Leaf Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus heyneanus | Alysicarpus obovatus, Alysicarpus rugosus var. heyneanus | Fabaceae | Obovate Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus longifolius | Hedysarum longifolium | Fabaceae | Longleaf Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus luteovexillatus | | Fabaceae | Fringed-Sepal Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus monilifer | Alysicarpus narimanii, Hedysarum moniliferum | Fabaceae | Necklace-Pod Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus ovalifolius | | Fabaceae | Oval-Leaf Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus parviflorus | Desmodium alysicarpoides, Desmodiastrum parviflorum, Desmodiastrum racemosum var. parviflorum | Fabaceae | Small-Flowered Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus pubescens | | Fabaceae | Bicolor Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus racemosus | Desmodiastrum racemosum, Desmodium rotundifolium, Desmodium ritchiei | Fabaceae | Raceme Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus sanjappae | | Fabaceae | Prostrate Yellow-Red Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus scariosus | Hedysarum scariosum, Alysicarpus rugosus var. pilifer, Alysicarpus styracifolius | Fabaceae | Dry Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus tetragonolobus | | Fabaceae | Red Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus vaginalis | Alysicarpus rupicola, Alysicarpus nummularifolius, Hedysarum cylindricum | Fabaceae | Alyce Clover |
| Amaranthus albus | Amaranthus albus var. rubicundus, Amaranthus littoralis | Amaranthaceae | White Amaranth |
| Amaranthus blitoides | Amaranthus blitoides var. crassius, Amaranthus blitum var. nanus | Amaranthaceae | Spreading Pigweed |
| Amaranthus caudatus | | Amaranthaceae | Love Lies Bleeding |
| Amaranthus cruentus 'Hot Biscuits' | Amaranthus paniculatus | Amaranthaceae | Hot Biscuits Amaranth |
| Amaranthus cruentus | Amaranthus hybridus subsp. cruentus | Amaranthaceae | Red Amaranth |
| Amaranthus hypochondriacus | Amaranthus flavus, Amaranthus aureus, Amaranthus hybridus var. erythrostachys | Amaranthaceae | Prince-of-Wales Feather |
| Amaranthus polygonoides | Albersia polygonoides, Amaranthus berlandieri | Amaranthaceae | Tropical Amaranth |
| Amaranthus retroflexus | Amaranthus spicatus, Amaranthus dubius | Amaranthaceae | Redroot Pigweed |
| Amaranthus spinosus | | Amaranthaceae | Prickly Amaranth |
| Amaranthus tricolor | Amaranthus gangeticus, Amarannthus tristis, Amaranthus mangostanus | Amaranthaceae | Elephant-Head Amaranth |
| Amaranthus viridis | Amaranthus gracilis, Amaranthus polystachyus, Euxolus viridis | Amaranthaceae | Green Amaranth |
| Amberboa amberboi | Centaurea moschata var. amberboi, Amberboa suaveolens | Asteraceae | Yellow Sweet Sultan |
| Amberboa moschata 'The Bride' | Chryseis moschata, Amberboa odorata var. glauca | Asteraceae | White Sweet Sultan |
| Ambrosia artemisiifolia | Ambrosia elatior, Ambrosia maritima, Ambrosia paniculata | Asteraceae | Common Ragweed |
| Amherstia nobilis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Pride of Burma |
| Amischotolype mollissima | Campelia mollissima, Forrestia mollissima, Forrestia marginata | Commelinaceae | Graceful Forrestia |
| Ammannia auriculata | Ammannia aegyptiaca, Ammannia latifolia | Lythraceae | Eared Redstem |
| Ammannia baccifera | Ammannia vescicatoria, Ammannia aegyptiaca | Lythraceae | Blistering Ammannia |
| Ammannia multiflora | Ammannia parviflora, Suffrenia dichotom | Lythraceae | Many Flowered Ammannia |
| Ammi majus | Apium ammi | Apiaceae | Bishop's Weed |
| Amomum cannicarpum | Cardamomum cannicarpum, Elettaria cannicarpa | Zingiberaceae | Canna-Fruit Cardamom |
| Amomum maximum | Amomum pterocarpum, Amomum microstephanum, Amomum dealbatum | Zingiberaceae | Java Cardamom |
| Amomum sericeum | Amomum dealbatum var. sericeum, Cardamomum sericeum | Zingiberaceae | Silky Cardamom |
| Amomum subulatum | Cardamomum subulatum | Zingiberaceae | Black Cardamom |
| Amorpha fruticosa | Amorpha coerulea, Amorpha angustifolia, Amorpha colorata | Fabaceae | Indigo-Bush |
| Amorphophallus bulbifer | Arum bulbiferum | Araceae | Devil's Tongue |
| Amorphophallus commutatus | Conophallus commutatus, Amorphophallus commutatus var. wayanadensis | Araceae | Dragon Stalk Yam |
| Amorphophallus dunnii | | Araceae | Chinese Voodoo Lily |
| Amorphophallus kachinensis | Amorphophallus bannaensis | Araceae | Burma Arum |
| Amorphophallus napalensis | Arum grandiflorum, Thomsonia napalensis, Thomsonia hookeri | Araceae | Nepal Voodoo Lily |
| Amorphophallus paeoniifolius | Amorphophallus campanulatus | Araceae | Elephant Foot Yam |
| Ampelocissus indica | Vitis indica, Ampelopsis indica, Ampelocissus arnottiana | Vitaceae | Red-Stemmed Wild Grape-Vine |
| Ampelocissus latifolia | | Vitaceae | Wild Grape |
| Ampelocissus tomentosa | Vitis tomentosa | Vitaceae | Hairy Wild Grape |
| Amphilophium buccinatorium | Bignonia buccinatoria, Distictis buccinatoria | Bignoniaceae | Mexican Blood-Trumpet |
| Amphilophium paniculatum | Amphilophium mutisii, Amphilophium purpureum, Bignonia paniculata | Bignoniaceae | Duckbill Creeper |
| Amphineurion marginatum | Echites marginata, Aganosma marginata, Echites cristatus | Apocynaceae | Long-Petal Aganosma |
| Anacardium occidentale | | Anacardiaceae | Cashew |
| Anacyclus pyrethrum | Anthemis pyrethrum, Anacyclus officinarum, Matricaria officinarum | Asteraceae | Spanish Chamomile |
| Anamirta cocculus | Cocculus indicus, Menispermum cocculus, Anamirta paniculata | Menispermaceae | Fish Berry |
| Ananas ananassoides | Ananas nanus, Ananas ananassoides var. nanus | Bromeliaceae | Dwarf Pineapple |
| Ananas comosus | Ananas ananas, Bromelia ananas, Bromelia comosa | Bromeliaceae | Pineapple |
| Anaphalis beddomei | | Asteraceae | Nilgiri Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis brevifolia | Anaphalis bournei, Gnaphalium brevifolium | Asteraceae | Short-Leaf Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis busua | Anaphalis arenosa, Anaphalis surculosa, Gnaphalium busua | Asteraceae | Tall Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis contorta | Anaphalis tenella | Asteraceae | Eared-Leaf Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis lawii | Anaphalis oblonga var. lawii | Asteraceae | South Indian Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis margaritacea | | Asteraceae | Western Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis nepalensis | | Asteraceae | Nepal Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis nepalensis var. monocephala | Anaphalis triplinervis var. monocephala | Asteraceae | One-Flowered Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis royleana var. cana | | Asteraceae | Linear-Leaf Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis subdecurrens | Gnaphalium indicum, Gnaphalium subdecurrens | Asteraceae | Indian Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis travancorica | | Asteraceae | Travancore Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis triplinervis | Antennaria triplinervis | Asteraceae | Woolly Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis virgata | Anaphalis stoliczkae, Anaphalis virgata var. stoliczkae | Asteraceae | Branched Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphyllum beddomei | | Araceae | Malabar Tall-Leaf Arum |
| Anaphyllum wightii | | Araceae | Lakshadweep Twisted Arum |
| Anaxagorea luzonensis | Anaxagorea fruticosa, Anaxagorea zeylanica, Rhopalocarpus fruticosus | Annonaceae | Luzon Twin-Seed |
| Anchusa capensis | | Boraginaceae | Cape Forget-Me-Not |
| Ancistrocladus heyneanus | | Ancistrocladaceae | Kardal |
| Andira inermis | Andira grandiflora, Andira jamaicensis, | Fabaceae | Cabbage Bark |
| Andrographis atropurpurea | Andrographis gracilis, Andrographis wightiana | Acanthaceae | Deep-Purple Chiretta |
| Andrographis echioides | Justicia echioides, Indoneesiella echioides | Acanthaceae | Bugloss Chiretta |
| Andrographis elongata | Cryptophragmium elongatum, Cryptophragmium cordifolium | Acanthaceae | Long-Raceme Chiretta |
| Andrographis explicata | Andrographis viscosula var. explicata | Acanthaceae | South-Indian Chiretta |
| Andrographis gracilis | Andrographis atropurpurea auct. non Alston | Acanthaceae | Slender Chiretta |
| Andrographis lineata | | Acanthaceae | Striped Chiretta |
| Andrographis lobelioides | Justicia lobelioides | Acanthaceae | Lobelia Chiretta |
| Andrographis paniculata | Justicia paniculata | Acanthaceae | Green Chiretta |
| Andrographis producta | Andrographis neesiana var. producta | Acanthaceae | Elongated Chiretta |
| Andrographis rothii | Justicia glandulosa | Acanthaceae | Deccan Chiretta |
| Andrographis serpyllifolia | Eriathera serpyllifolia, Andrographis orbiculata | Acanthaceae | Roundleaf Chiretta |
| Andrographis stenophylla | | Acanthaceae | Narrow-Leaf Chiretta |
| Andropogon pumilus | Arthrolophis pumilus, Andropogon humilis, Andropogon demissus | Poaceae | Dwarf Bluestem Grass |
| Androsace aizoon | Primula aizoon, Androsace aizoon var. himalaica | Primulaceae | Aizoon Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace geraniifolia | Androsace flaccida | Primulaceae | Geranium Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace globifera | Primula globifera Kuntze, Primula globifera Bennet & Raizada | Primulaceae | Cushion Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace lanuginosa | | Primulaceae | Woolly Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace rotundifolia | Androsace rotundifolia var. glandulosa Hook.f. | Primulaceae | Glandular Roundleaf Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace rotundifolia | | Primulaceae | Roundleaf Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace sarmentosa | | Primulaceae | Common Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace sempervivoides | | Primulaceae | Houseleek Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace septentrionalis | Androsace multiflora, Androsace subumbellata, Androsace lactiflora | Primulaceae | Pygmy-Flower Rock-Jasmine |
| Androsace tapete | Androsace densa | Primulaceae | Carpet Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace umbellata | Primula umbellata, Androsace orbicularis, Androsace saxifragifolia | Primulaceae | Umbelled Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace villosa | Androsace globifera Schur, Androsace odoratissima, Androsace altaica | Primulaceae | Hairy Rock Jasmine |
| Anemone coronaria | | Ranunculaceae | Poppy Anemone |
| Anemone demissa | Anemonastrum demissum, Anemonidium demissum | Ranunculaceae | Floppy Himalayan Anemone |
| Anemone elongata | Anemonastrum elongatum | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Snow Anemone |
| Anemone falconeri | Hepatica falconeri | Ranunculaceae | West-Himalayan Anemone |
| Anemone griffithii | Anemone nanchuanensis , Anemone caerulea var. griffithii | Ranunculaceae | Pink Himalayan Anemone |
| Anemone obtusiloba | Anemonastrum obtusilobum, Anemone discolor | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Buttercup Anemone |
| Anemone obtusiloba | Anemonastrum obtusilobum | Ranunculaceae | Blue Himalayan Anemone |
| Anemone polyanthes | Anemone villosa, Anemonastrum polyanthes, Anemone govaniana | Ranunculaceae | Many Flowered Anemone |
| Anemone rivularis | Eriocapitella rivularis, Anemone geraniifolia | Ranunculaceae | River Anemone |
| Anemone rupestris | Anemonastrum rupestre | Ranunculaceae | Blue Rock Anemone |
| Anemone rupestris | Anemonastrum rupestre | Ranunculaceae | White Rock Anemone |
| Anemone rupicola | Eriocapitella rupicola, Anemone rupestris Jacquem. ex Cambess. | Ranunculaceae | Wood Anemone |
| Anemone tetrasepala | Anemonastrum tetrasepalum, Anemonidium tetrasepalum | Ranunculaceae | Four Petal Anemone |
| Anemone tschernaewii | Anemone tschernjaewii, Anemone biflora auct. non DC. | Ranunculaceae | Turkistan Anemone |
| Anemone vitifolia | Eriocapitella vitifolia, Anemone elegans | Ranunculaceae | Grape Leaf Anemone |
| Anemone x hybrida | | Ranunculaceae | Hybrid Anemone |
| Anemopaegma chamberlaynii | Bignonia chamberlaynii | Bignoniaceae | Trumpet Vine |
| Anethum graveolens | | Apiaceae | Dill |
| Angelica glauca | Angelica nuristanica | Apiaceae | Smooth Angelica |
| Angelica oreada | Archangelica oreadum, Angelica officinalis var. himalaica, Angelica archangelica var. himalaica | Apiaceae | Mountain Angelica |
| Angelonia salicariifolia | | Plantaginaceae | Willowleaf Angelonia |
| Anisomeles heyneana | | Lamiaceae | Western Hill Catmint |
| Anisomeles indica | Nepeta indica, Anisomeles ovata | Lamiaceae | Indian Catmint |
| Anisomeles malabarica | Anisomeles salviifolia, Nepeta malabarica | Lamiaceae | Malabar Catmint |
| Annona glabra | | Annonaceae | Pond Apple |
| Annona muricata | Annona macrocarpa | Annonaceae | Soursop |
| Annona reticulata | Annona humboldtiana, Annona humboldtii | Annonaceae | Netted Custard Apple |
| Annona squamosa | | Annonaceae | Sugar Apple |
| Anodendron paniculatum | Anodendron lanceolatum, Epigynum parviflorum | Apocynaceae | Andamanese Bowstring Plant |
| Anoectochilus brevilabris | Anoectochilus sikkimensis, Anoectochilus tridentatus, Anoectochilus griffithii | Orchidaceae | Short-Lip Jewel Orchid |
| Anoectochilus elatus | | Orchidaceae | South Indian Jewel Orchid |
| Anoectochilus roxburghii | Anoectochilus lobbianus, Zeuxine roxburghii | Orchidaceae | East-Asian Jewel Orchid |
| Anogeissus sericea var. nummularia | Anogeissus rotundifolia Blatt. & Hallb., Anogeissus coronata | Combretaceae | Roundleaf Axlewood |
| Anredera cordifolia | Anredera volkesii, Boussingaultia cordifolia | Basellaceae | Madeira Vine |
| Anthemis cotula | | Asteraceae | Stinking Chamomile |
| Anthogonium gracile | Anthogonium griffithii, Anthogonium corydaloides | Orchidaceae | Slender Anthogonium |
| Anthriscus nemorosa | Chaerefolium nemorosum, Anthriscus rivularis, Anthriscus aemula | Apiaceae | Forest Chervil |
| Anthurium amnicola | Anthurium lilacinum | Araceae | Tulip Anthurium |
| Anthurium andraeanum | | Araceae | Flamingo Flower |
| Anthurium clarinervium | | Araceae | White-Veined Anthurium |
| Anthurium hookeri | Anthurium amplum, Anthurium huegelii, Anthurium varians | Araceae | Bird's Nest Anthurium |
| Anthurium scherzerianum | Anthurium williamsii | Araceae | Pig-Tail Anthurium |
| Anthurium schlechtendalii | Pothos schlechtendalii | Araceae | Pheasant's Tail |
| Anthurium x macrolobum | Anthurium x dentatum | Araceae | Lobed-Leaf Anthurium |
| Antiaris toxicaria | Ficus challa, Antiaris zeylanica | Moraceae | Upas Tree |
| Antidesma acidum | Antidesma lanceolarium, Antidesma wallichianum, Stilago diandra | Phyllanthaceae | Sour Currant Shrub |
| Antidesma bunius | Antidesma rumphii, Antidesma glabrum | Phyllanthaceae | Bignay |
| Antidesma ghaesembilla | Antidesma spicatum, Antidesma pubescens, Antidesma frutescens | Phyllanthaceae | Black Currant Tree |
| Antidesma montanum | Antidesma pubescens var. menasu, Antidesma menasu | Phyllanthaceae | Mountain Currant Tree |
| Antigonon leptopus 'Alba' | | Polygonaceae | White Coral Vine |
| Antigonon leptopus | | Polygonaceae | Coral Vine |
| Antirrhinum majus | | Plantaginaceae | Dog Flower |
| Aphanamixis polystachya | Aglaia polystachya, Amoora rohituka, Andersonia rohituka | Meliaceae | Pithraj Tree |
| Aphelandra sinclairiana | | Acanthaceae | Coral Shrimp Plant |
| Aphragmus minutus | Pegaeophyton minutum, Pegaeophyton garhwalense | Brassicaceae | Minute Rock-Cress |
| Aphragmus oxycarpus | Braya oxycarpa, Aphragmus tibeticus, Braya alpina | Brassicaceae | Ladakh Rock-Cress |
| Aphyllodium biarticulatum | Dicerma biarticulatum, Desmodium biarticulatum | Fabaceae | Two-Joint Desmodium |
| Aphyllorchis montana | Aphyllorchis prainii, Aphyllorchis odoardii, Aphyllorchis unguiculata | Orchidaceae | Mountain Pauper Orchid |
| Apium graveolens | | Apiaceae | Celery |
| Apluda mutica | Apluda aristata, Apluda varia | Poaceae | Mauritian Grass |
| Apocynum venetum | Poacynum venetum, Trachomitum venetum | Apocynaceae | Sword-Leaf Dogbane |
| Apodytes dimidiata | Apodytes javanica, Apodytes acutifolia, Apodytes yunnanensis | Icacinaceae | White Pear |
| Aponogeton bruggenii | | Aponogetonaceae | Purple-Spike Lace Plant |
| Aponogeton natans | Saururus natans | Aponogetonaceae | Floating Lace Plant |
| Aponogeton satarensis | | Aponogetonaceae | Satara Lace Plant |
| Aponogeton undulatus | Spathium undulatum, Urirandra undulata | Aponogetonaceae | Wavy-Leaf Lace Plant |
| Aporosa cardiosperma | Aporosa lindleyana, Scepa lindleyana | Phyllanthaceae | Deccan Aporosa |
| Aporosa octandra var. octandra | Aporosa dioica, Aporosa frutescens, Alnus dioica | Phyllanthaceae | Indo-China Alder |
| Aquarius palifolius | Echinodorus palifolius, Sagittaria palaefolia | Alismataceae | Mexican Sword-Plant |
| Aquilaria malaccensis | Aquilaria moluccensis, Aquilaria secundaria, Aquilaria agallochum | Thymelaeaceae | Agar Wood |
| Aquilegia chrysantha | | Ranunculaceae | Golden Columbine |
| Aquilegia fragrans | Aquilegia glauca, Aquilegia suaveolens, Aquilegia vulgaris var. fragrans | Ranunculaceae | Fragrant Columbine |
| Aquilegia 'Kansas' | | Ranunculaceae | Kansas Columbine |
| Aquilegia moorcroftiana | Aquilegia wallichiana, Aquilegia microphylla, Aquilegia subaphylla | Ranunculaceae | Small-Leaf Columbine |
| Aquilegia nivalis | Aquilegia glauca var. nivalis | Ranunculaceae | Snow Columbine |
| Aquilegia pubiflora | | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Columbine |
| Aquilegia vulgaris | | Ranunculaceae | Common Columbine |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Arabis thaliana, Sisymbrium thalianum | Brassicaceae | Mouse Ear Cress |
| Arabis amplexicaulis | Arabis kanawarensis, | Brassicaceae | Stem-Clasping Rock-Cress |
| Arabis bijuga | Arabis macrantha, Arabidopsis mollissima var. griffithiana, | Brassicaceae | Double-Yoked Rock-Cress |
| Arabis pterosperma | Arabidopsis yadongensis, Arabis latialata, Arabis alpina var. purpurea | Brassicaceae | Alpine Rock-Cress |
| Arachis glabrata | | Fabaceae | Perennial Peanut |
| Arachis hypogaea | Lathyrus esquirolii, Arachis hypogaea var. hypogaea | Fabaceae | Groundnut |
| Arachis pintoi | | Fabaceae | Pinto Peanut |
| Arachnis cathcartii | Arachnanthe cathcartii, Esmeralda cathcartii, Vanda cathcartii | Orchidaceae | Red Spider Orchid |
| Arachnis clarkei | Esmeralda clarkei, Arachnanthe clarkei, Vanda clarkei | Orchidaceae | Giant Spider Orchid |
| Arachnis flos-aeris | Arachnis flosaeris | Orchidaceae | Spider Orchid |
| Arachnis labrosa | Arhynchium labrosum, Armodorum labrosum, Renanthera labrosa | Orchidaceae | Thick-Lip Spider Orchid |
| Arachnothryx leucophylla | Rondeletia leucophylla, Rondeletia elongata, Rondeletia dubia | Rubiaceae | Panama Rose |
| Aralia armata | Aralia tengyuehensis, Panax armatus | Araliaceae | Spiny Aralia |
| Aralia cachemirica | Aralia macrophylla | Araliaceae | Kashmir Aralia |
| Araucaria angustifolia | | Araucariaceae | Parana Pine |
| Araucaria bidwillii | Columbea bidwillii, Marywildea bidwillii | Araucariaceae | Bunya Pine |
| Araucaria columnaris | | Araucariaceae | Christmas Tree |
| Arceuthobium oxycedri | Arceuthobium juniperi, Viscum oxycedri, Razoumofskya oxycedri | Santalaceae | Juniper Dwarf Mistletoe |
| Archidendron bigeminum | Mimosa bigemina, Archidendron monadelphum | Mimosaceae | Kachlora |
| Arctium lappa | Lappa officinalis, Arctium edule, Lappa major | Asteraceae | Greater Burdock |
| Arctotis fastuosa | Venidium fastuosum, Arctotis aurea | Asteraceae | Venidium orange |
| Arctotis fastuosa 'Zulu Prince' | | Asteraceae | Venidium Zulu Prince |
| Arctotis venusta | | Asteraceae | Blue Eyed African Daisy |
| Arcyosperma primulifolium | Sisymbrium primulaefolium | Brassicaceae | Primrose-Leaved Rock-Cress |
| Ardisia crenata | Ardisia elegans, Ardisia glandulosa | Myrsinaceae | Toothed-Leaf Coral Berry |
| Ardisia macrocarpa | | Myrsinaceae | Himalayan Coralberry |
| Ardisia oxyphylla | | Myrsinaceae | Pointed-Leaf Ardisia |
| Ardisia paniculata | Ardisia volubilis, Ardisia ovata | Myrsinaceae | Panicled Coralberry |
| Ardisia pauciflora | Ardisia tenuiflora | Primulaceae | Few-Flowered Coralberry |
| Ardisia rothii | Ardisia missionis, Ardisia courtallensis | Myrsinaceae | Courtallam Coralberry |
| Ardisia solanacea | Ardisia elliptica, Ardisia humilis | Myrsinaceae | Shoebutton Ardisia |
| Areca catechu | | Arecaceae | Betel Palm |
| Arenaria bryophylla | Arenaria muscifloris | Caryophyllaceae | Flycatcher Sandwort |
| Arenaria curvifolia | | Caryophyllaceae | Chamoli Sandwort |
| Arenaria orbiculata | | Caryophyllaceae | Roundleaf Sandwort |
| Arenaria polytrichoides | | Caryophyllaceae | Hummock Sandwort |
| Arenaria serpyllifolia | Arenaria alpicola, Stellaria serpyllifolia, Arenaria viscida | Caryophyllaceae | Thyme-Leaved Sandwort |
| Arenga wightii | Saguerus wightii | Arecaceae | Western Ghats Sago Palm |
| Argemone mexicana | | Papaveraceae | Mexican Prickly Poppy |
| Argemone ochroleuca | Argemone mexicana var. ochroleuca | Papaveraceae | Pale Mexican Poppy |
| Argostemma courtallense | Argostemma connatum | Rubiaceae | South-Indian Corn-Cockle |
| Argostemma sarmentosum | | Rubiaceae | Variable-Leaf Corn-Cockle |
| Argostemma verticillatum | Argostemma acutum, Argostemma glaberrimum | Rubiaceae | Whorled-Leaf Corn-Cockle |
| Argyranthemum frutescens | Chrysanthemum frutescens, Chrysanthemum floridum, Anthemis frutescens | Asteraceae | Marguerite Daisy |
| Argyranthemum frutescens 'Vancouver' | Chrysanthemum frutescens 'Vancouver' | Asteraceae | Marguerite Vancouver |
| Argyreia boseana | | Convolvulaceae | Bose Silverweed |
| Argyreia capitiformis | Convolvulus capitiformis, Argyreia capitata, Ipomoea capitata | Convolvulaceae | Flower-Head Morning Glory |
| Argyreia cuneata | Convolvulus cuneatus, Ipomoea atrosanguinea | Convolvulaceae | Purple Morning Glory |
| Argyreia cymosa | | Convolvulaceae | Clustered Woodrose |
| Argyreia elliptica | Lettsomia elliptica | Convolvulaceae | Oval Leaved Silverweed |
| Argyreia hirsuta | Rivea zeylanica Thwaites var. hirsuta | Convolvulaceae | Hairy Morning Glory |
| Argyreia hookeri | Argyreia populifolia, Ipomoea himalayana, Rivea hookeri | Convolvulaceae | Poplar-Leaf Woodrose |
| Argyreia kleiniana | Ipomoea kleiniana, Argyreia populifolia var. fastigiata | Convolvulaceae | Pink Ceylon Woodrose |
| Argyreia nervosa | Argyreia speciosa, Convolvulus nervosus, Lettsomia nervosa | Convolvulaceae | Elephant Creeper |
| Argyreia osyrensis | Argyreia aggregata, Argyreia imbricata, Argyreia brachypoda | Convolvulaceae | Shingled Silverweed |
| Argyreia pilosa | | Convolvulaceae | Hairy Purple Trumpet |
| Argyreia sericea | Argyreia leschenaultii, Ipomoea bracteata | Convolvulaceae | Silky Morning Glory |
| Argyreia strigosa | Ipomoea strigosa, Lettsomia strigosa | Convolvulaceae | Bristled Woodrose |
| Argyrolobium roseum | Cytisus roseus, Genista rosea | Fabaceae | Rosy Bush Pea |
| Ariopsis peltata | | Araceae | Shield Leaf Ariopsis |
| Arisaema caudatum | | Araceae | Tail-Leaf Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema concinnum | Arisaema affine, Arisaema alienatum | Araceae | Chinese Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema consanguineum | Arisaema erubescens var. consanguineum | Araceae | Blushing Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema elephas | | Araceae | Elephant Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema flavum | | Araceae | Yellow Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema galeatum | | Araceae | Helmet Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema griffithii | | Araceae | Coiled Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema jacquemontii | | Araceae | Himalayan Green Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema leschenaultii | Arisaema pulchrum, Arisaema longicaudatum | Araceae | Kerala Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema murrayi | | Araceae | White-Hood Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema murrayi var. sahyadricum | Arisaema sahyadricum | Araceae | Sahyadri Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema murrayi var. sonubeniae | | Araceae | Pink Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema nepenthoides | | Araceae | Pitcher Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema nilamburense | Arisaema auriculatum E.Barnes [Illegit.] | Araceae | Nilambur Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema propinquum | Arisaema wallichianum | Araceae | Himalayan Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema siangense | | Araceae | Siang Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema speciosum | Arisaema eminens, Arisaema speciosum var. speciosum | Araceae | Grand Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema tortuosum | | Araceae | Whipcord Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum | Arisaema curvatum, Arum curvatum | Araceae | Curved-Hood Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema tortuosum var. neglectum | Arisaema neglectum Schott | Araceae | Two-Leaf Whipcord Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema translucens | | Araceae | Translucent Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema utile | | Araceae | Sikkim Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema wattii | Arisaema biauriculatum, Arisaema auriculatum | Araceae | Eared Cobra Lily |
| Aristea ecklonii | Aristea paniculata, Aristea stipitata | Iridaceae | Blue Corn-Lily |
| Aristida adscensionis | Aristida arabica, Aristida canariensis, Aristida confusa | Poaceae | Common Needle Grass |
| Aristida hystrix | Aristida rigida, Aristida rigescens, Aristida tripilis | Poaceae | Rigid Needle Grass |
| Aristida setacea | Aristida adscendens, Aristida depressa, Aristida quinqueseta | Poaceae | Bristly Needle Grass |
| Aristolochia acuminata | Aristolochia roxburghiana, Aristolochia tagala | Aristolochiaceae | Tapering-Leaf Pipevine |
| Aristolochia assamica | | Aristolochiaceae | Assam Pipevine |
| Aristolochia bracteolata | Aristolochia kotschyi, Aristolochia abyssinica | Aristolochiaceae | Worm Killer |
| Aristolochia indica | Aristolochia maysorensis, Aristolochia pandurata, Aristolochia lanceolata | Aristolochiaceae | Indian Birthwort |
| Aristolochia krisagathra | | Aristolochiaceae | Tamilnadu Pipevine |
| Aristolochia littoralis | Aristolochia hassleriana, Aristolochia elegans | Aristolochiaceae | Calico Flower |
| Aristolochia ornithocephala | | Aristolochiaceae | Bird's Head Birthwort |
| Aristolochia ringens | | Aristolochiaceae | Gaping Dutchman's Pipe |
| Aristolochia saccata | Aristolochia cathcartii, Siphisia angustifolia, Siphisia saccata | Aristolochiaceae | Pouch Birthwort |
| Aristolochia wardiana | Isotrema wardianum | Aristolochiaceae | Shirui Pipevine |
| Arnebia benthamii | | Boraginaceae | Himalayan Arnebia |
| Arnebia euchroma | Arnebia perennis, Arnebia endochroma, Macrotomia euchroma | Boraginaceae | Pink Arnebia |
| Arnebia guttata | Arnebia tibetana, Arnebia thomsonii, Macrotomia guttata | Boraginaceae | Spotted Arnebia |
| Arnebia hispidissima | Arnebia lutea, Arnebia asperrima, Anchusa hispidissima | Boraginaceae | Arabian Primrose |
| Arnicratea grahamii | Hippocratea grahamii, Reissantia grahamii | Celastraceae | Running Straggler |
| Artabotrys hexapetalus | Annona hexapetala, Artabotrys odoratissimus | Annonaceae | Hari Champa |
| Artabotrys suaveolens | Unona suaveolens, Artabotrys parviflorus, Artabotrys rolfei | Annonaceae | Narrow-Petal Green Champa |
| Artabotrys zeylanicus | | Annonaceae | Ceylon Green Champa |
| Artanema longifolium | Artanema sesamoides, Columnea longifolia | Linderniaceae | Longleaf Koala Bells |
| Artemisia absinthium | | Asteraceae | Wormwood |
| Artemisia amygdalina | | Asteraceae | Almond Wormwood |
| Artemisia brevifolia | Seriphidium brevifolium | Asteraceae | Short-Leaved Wormwood |
| Artemisia dubia | | Asteraceae | East-Asian Wormwood |
| Artemisia gmelinii | Artemisia santolinifolia, Artemisia racemifera | Asteraceae | Santolina-Leaved Wormwood |
| Artemisia indica | Artemisia indica var. nepalensis, Artemisia asiatica | Asteraceae | Indian Wormwood |
| Artemisia japonica | Artemisia parviflora, Oligosporus japonicus | Asteraceae | Japanese Wormwood |
| Artemisia macrocephala | Artemisia akbaitalensis, Artemisia griffithiana, Artemisia sieversiana var. pygmaea | Asteraceae | Large-Flowered Wormwood |
| Artemisia nilagirica | Artemisia vulgaris, Artemisia vulgaris var. nilagirica | Asteraceae | Nilgiri Wormwood |
| Artemisia roxburghiana | | Asteraceae | Pale-Yellow Wormwood |
| Artemisia scoparia | Artemisia capillaris, Artemisia elegans, Artemisia gracilis | Asteraceae | Redstem Wormwood |
| Artemisia vestita | | Asteraceae | Russian Wormwood |
| Arthraxon hispidus | Andropogon amplexifolius, Arthraxon ciliaris, Arthraxon gracilis | Poaceae | Small Carpetgrass |
| Arthraxon lanceolatus | Andropogon lanceolatus, Batratherum lanceolatum, Arthraxon deccanensis | Poaceae | Clasping-Leaf Carpetgrass |
| Arthraxon lancifolius | Andropogon lancifolius, Pleuroplitis lancifolius | Poaceae | Lanceleaf Carpetgrass |
| Arthraxon nudus | Andropogon nudus, Batratherum nudum | Poaceae | Bare-Stalk Carpetgrass |
| Arthrophyllum diversifolium | Arthrophyllum ovalifolium | Araliaceae | Common Ivy Palm |
| Artocarpus altilis | Artocarpus communis, Artocarpus incisus | Moraceae | Breadfruit |
| Artocarpus chama | Artocarpus chaplasha, Ficus chrysopthalma, Saccus chaplasha | Moraceae | Chaplaish Jackfruit |
| Artocarpus heterophyllus | Artocarpus integer, Artocarpus integrifolia, Artocarpus jaca | Moraceae | Jackfruit |
| Artocarpus hirsutus | Artocarpus pubescens, Saccus hirsutus | Moraceae | Wild Jackfruit |
| Artocarpus lacucha | Artocarpus lakoocha, Artocarpus ficifolius | Moraceae | Lakoocha |
| Aruncus sylvester | Aruncus asiaticus, Aruncus dioicus var. asiaticus, Aruncus vulgaris | Rosaceae | Himalayan Goatsbeard |
| Arundina graminifolia | Arundina bambusifolia [illeg.], Bletia graminifolia, Arundina speciosa | Orchidaceae | Bamboo Orchid |
| Arundinella leptochloa | Arundinella gigantea, Arundinella lawsonii, Panicum zeylanicum | Poaceae | Slender Tall Reedgrass |
| Arundinella nepalensis | Arundinella glabra, Arundinella rigida, Arundinella miliacea | Poaceae | Nepal Reedgrass |
| Arundinella pumila | Arundinella tenella | Poaceae | Dwarf Reedgrass |
| Arundo donax | Donax arundinaceus, Donax sativa, Arundo bengalensis | Poaceae | Giant Reed |
| Asclepias curassavica | Asclepias bicolor, Asclepias aurantiaca, Asclepias cubensis | Apocynaceae | Scarlet Milkweed |
| Asclepias tuberosa | | Apocynaceae | Butterfly Weed |
| Ascocenda 'Krailerk Alba' | | Orchidaceae | Ascocenda Krailerk Alba |
| Ascocenda Princess Mikasa | | Orchidaceae | Ascocenda Princess Mikasa |
| Askellia flexuosa | Crepis glauca, Barkhausia flexuosa, Crepis flexuosa | Asteraceae | Tangled Hawksbeard |
| Aspalathus linearis | | Fabaceae | Red Bush Tea |
| Asparagus adscendens | Asparagus satawur, Asparagopsis adscendens | Asparagaceae | West-Himalayan Asparagus |
| Asparagus densiflorus | Asparagus sprengeri, Asparagus myriocladus | Asparagaceae | Asparagus Fern |
| Asparagus filicinus | | Asparagaceae | Fern Asparagus |
| Asparagus officinalis | | Asparagaceae | Garden Asparagus |
| Asparagus racemosus | Asparagopsis abyssinica, Asparagus zeylanicus, Asparagus stachyoides | Asparagaceae | Satawari |
| Asparagus retrofractus | Protasparagus retrofractus | Asparagaceae | Ming Fern |
| Asparagus setaceus | | Asparagaceae | Lacy Asparagus Fern |
| Asperugo procumbens | Asperugo vulgaris, Asperugo erecta | Boraginaceae | Madwort |
| Asphodelus tenuifolius | Asphodelus serrulatus, Asphodelus fistulosus subsp. tenuifolius | Asphodelaceae | Onion-Weed |
| Aspidistra elatior | | Asparagaceae | Cast-Iron Plant |
| Aspidopterys canarensis | Aspidopterys glomerata | Malpighiaceae | Kanara Climber |
| Aspidopterys cordata | Hiraea cordata, Hiptage cordata | Malpighiaceae | Bokadvel |
| Aspidopterys wallichii | Aspidopterys nutans, Hiraea nutans, Hiraea lanuginosa | Malpighiaceae | Drooping Shield-Wing Climber |
| Aster albescens | Microglossa albescens | Asteraceae | Fading Himalayan Aster |
| Aster amellus | | Asteraceae | Italian Aster |
| Aster diplostephioides | | Asteraceae | Creeping Aster |
| Aster falconeri | Aster diplostephioides var. falconeri | Asteraceae | Leafy Creeping Aster |
| Aster flaccidus | | Asteraceae | Weak Violet Aster |
| Aster himalaicus | Aster mekongensis | Asteraceae | Himalayan Aster |
| Aster holohermaphroditus | Heteropappus holohermaphroditus | Asteraceae | Yellow Roundhead Aster |
| Aster molliusculus | Diplopappus molliusculus | Asteraceae | Swaying Himalayan Aster |
| Aster sikkimensis | Metamyriactis sikkimensis | Asteraceae | Sikkim Aster |
| Aster stracheyi | | Asteraceae | Purple-Eye Himalayan Aster |
| Astilbe japonica | Hoteia barbata, Hoteia japonica | Saxifragaceae | Japanese Astilbe |
| Astilbe rivularis | Astilbe indica, Astilbe speciosa | Saxifragaceae | River Astilbe |
| Astragalus chlorostachys | Astragalus altissimus, Hedysarum strobiliferum | Fabaceae | Green-Flowered Milk Vetch |
| Astragalus confertus | | Fabaceae | Hairy-Leaved Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus frigidus | Astragalus kolaensis, Phaca frigida | Fabaceae | Arctic Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus grahamianus | Astragalus cicerifolius, Astragalus daltonianus, Astragalus scariosus | Fabaceae | Chickpea-Leaf Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus graveolens | Astragalus bodinieri, Astragalus medullaris, Astragalus stipulatus | Fabaceae | Fragrant Milk Vetch |
| Astragalus himalayanus | Astragalus carinalis, Astragalus maddenianus | Fabaceae | Himalayan Milk Vetch |
| Astragalus hoffmeisteri | Astragalus tsataensis, Astragalus adesmifolius, Tragacantha hoffmeisteri | Fabaceae | Adesma-Leaf Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus leucocephalus | Tragacantha leucocephala | Fabaceae | White-Head Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus melanostachys | Astragalus macrostegius, Astragalus bracteosus | Fabaceae | Black-Spike Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus multiceps | Tragacantha multiceps, Astragalus leptacanthus, Astragalus bicuspis | Fabaceae | Many-Headed Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus munroi | Tragacantha munroi, Astragalus longicalyx | Fabaceae | Hairy Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus nivalis | Astragalus orthanthus, Astragalus nathaliae, Astragalus orthanthoides | Fabaceae | Snow Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus oplites | Astragalus cicerifolius, Astragalus zanskarensis subsp. oplites | Fabaceae | Armed Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus peduncularis | Astragalus peduncularia | Fabaceae | White Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus rhizanthus subsp. candolleanus | Astragalus candolleanus, Astragalus royleanus, Astragalus vexillilongus | Fabaceae | Long-Petal Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus rhizanthus | Astragalus pindreensis, Astragalus malacophyllus | Fabaceae | Root-Flower Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus strictus | Astragalus mutabilis, Astragalus strictus f. albiflorus | Fabaceae | Erect Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus trichocarpus | Astragalus sesbanoides | Fabaceae | Hairy Fruit Milk-Vetch |
| Astrophytum ornatum | | Cactaceae | Monk's Hood Cactus |
| Asyneuma fulgens | Campanula fulgens | Campanulaceae | Shining Bellflower |
| Asyneuma thomsonii | Campanula thomsonii, Phyteuma thomsonii | Campanulaceae | Long-Style Bellflower |
| Asystasia dalzelliana | Asystasia violacea | Acanthaceae | Violet Asystasia |
| Asystasia gangetica | Asystasia acuminata, Ruellia gangetica, Asystasia violacea | Acanthaceae | Ganges Primrose |
| Asystasia indica | | Acanthaceae | Indian Asystasia |
| Asystasia mysorensis | Ruellia mysurensis, Asystasia lawiana, Asystasia mysurensis | Acanthaceae | Mysore Asystasia |
| Asystasia nemorum | Asystasia blumei, Isochoriste javanica | Acanthaceae | Wood Asystasia |
| Asystasia travancorica | | Acanthaceae | Travancore Asystasia |
| Atalantia monophylla | Atalantia floribunda, Atalantia malabarica, Limonia spinosa | Rutaceae | Indian Atalantia |
| Atalantia racemosa | | Rutaceae | Bombay Atalantia |
| Atocion armeria | Silene armeria, Silene latifolia, Silene umbellata | Caryophyllaceae | None-so-Pretty |
| Atriplex hortensis | Atriplex rubra, Atriplex purpurea | Amaranthaceae | Garden Orache |
| Atriplex pseudotatarica | Atriplex crassifolia auct. non C.A.Mey. , Atriplex leucoclada auct. non Boiss. | Amaranthaceae | Oblong-Leaf Saltbush |
| Atropa acuminata | | Solanaceae | Indian Belladonna |
| Atropa bella-donna | Atropa belladonna | Solanaceae | Belladonna |
| Aurinia saxatilis | Alyssum saxatile, Crucifera saxatilis | Brassicaceae | Basket of Gold |
| Avena sativa | | Poaceae | Common Oat |
| Averrhoa bilimbi | | Oxalidaceae | Cucumber Tree |
| Averrhoa carambola | | Oxalidaceae | Star Fruit |
| Avicennia marina | Sceura marina | Acanthaceae | Grey Mangrove |
| Avicennia officinalis | Avicennia obovata, Avicennia oepata, Racka ovata | Acanthaceae | Indian Mangrove |
| Ayenia elegans | Ayenia indica, Byttneria pilosa, Byttneria elegans | Malvaceae | Elegant Ayenia |
| Ayenia herbacea | Byttneria herbacea, Commersonia herbacea | Malvaceae | Herbaceous Ayenia |
| Azadirachta indica | Melia azadirachta, Antelaea azadirachta | Meliaceae | Neem |
| Azanza lampas | Thespesia lampas, Hibiscus lampas | Malvaceae | Wild Cotton |
| Azima tetracantha | Azima spinosissima, Azima nova, Azima angustifolia | Salvadoraceae | Needle Bush |
| Baccaurea courtallensis | Pierardia courtallensis, Baccaurea macrostachya, Pierardia macrostachya | Phyllanthaceae | Mootapalam |
| Baccaurea ramiflora | Baccaurea cauliflora, Baccaurea sapida, | Phyllanthaceae | Burmese Grape |
| Baccharoides anthelmintica | Conyza anthelmintica, Vernonia anthelmintica | Asteraceae | Ironweed |
| Bacopa hamiltoniana | Cardiolophus decussata, Moniera hamiltoniana, Mella hamiltoniana | Plantaginaceae | Narrowleaf Water Hyssop |
| Bacopa monnieri | Bacopa micromonnieria, Bramia indica, Bramia monnieri | Plantaginaceae | Brahmi |
| Balanites roxburghii | Balanites indica, Balanites rigida, Balanites jacquemontii | Zygophyllaceae | Desert Date |
| Balanophora abbreviata | Balanophora subglobosa, Balanophora distans, Balanophora micrantha | Balanophoraceae | Dwarf Balanophora |
| Balanophora dioica | | Balanophoraceae | East-Himalayan Balanophora |
| Balanophora fungosa | Balanophora forsteri, Balanophora mariannae | Balanophoraceae | Spongy Balanophora |
| Balanophora involucrata | Balania involucrata, Balania cathcartii, Bivolva cathcartii | Balanophoraceae | Alpine Balanophora |
| Baliospermum calycinum var. calycinum | Baliospermum effusum, Baliospermum siamense | Euphorbiaceae | Eastern Physic Nut |
| Baliospermum solanifolium | Baliospermum axillare, Baliospermum montanum, Jatropha montana | Euphorbiaceae | Red Physic Nut |
| Bambusa balcooa | | Poaceae | Balcooa Bamboo |
| Bambusa bambos | Arundo bambos, Bambos arundinacea, Bambusa arundinacea | Poaceae | Indian Thorny Bamboo |
| Bambusa multiplex | Arundo multiplex, Bambusa glaucescens | Poaceae | Hedge Bamboo |
| Bambusa polymorpha | | Poaceae | Bengal Bamboo |
| Bambusa vulgaris | Bambusa vulgaris var. striata, Bambusa striata | Poaceae | Golden Bamboo |
| Bambusa vulgaris | | Poaceae | Bamboo |
| Bambusa wamin | Bambusa vulgaris f. waminii | Poaceae | Buddha Belly Bamboo |
| Baphia racemosa | | Fabaceae | Natal Camwood |
| Barbarea intermedia | Barbarea prostrata, Barbarea pinnata | Brassicaceae | Medium Winter-cress |
| Barbarea vulgaris | Arabis barbarea, Barbarea iberica, Barbarea lyrata | Brassicaceae | Yellow Rocket |
| Barleria acanthoides | Barleria noctiflora, Barleria trinervis, Wahabia longiflora | Acanthaceae | Spiny White Barleria |
| Barleria acuminata | Barleria tomentosa var. acuminata | Acanthaceae | Long-Flower Blue Barleria |
| Barleria buxifolia | | Acanthaceae | Box-Leaved Barleria |
| Barleria courtallica | Barleria inaequalis | Acanthaceae | Yellow Throated Barleria |
| Barleria cristata 'Lavender Lace' | | Acanthaceae | Striped Philippine Violet |
| Barleria cristata | Barleria alba, Barleria indica, Barleria napalensis | Acanthaceae | Philippine Violet |
| Barleria cristata var. albida | | Acanthaceae | White Philippine Violet |
| Barleria cuspidata | | Acanthaceae | Spiny Barleria |
| Barleria gibsonii | Barleria glauca, Barleria gibsonioides | Acanthaceae | Purple Barleria |
| Barleria grandiflora | Barlerianthus grandiflora | Acanthaceae | Grand Barleria |
| Barleria involucrata var. elata | Barleria elata Dalzell | Acanthaceae | Mayurpankh |
| Barleria involucrata var. involucrata | Barleria pentandra, Barleria arnottiana var. pentandra | Acanthaceae | Five-Stamen Barleria |
| Barleria lavaniana | | Acanthaceae | Lavania Barleria |
| Barleria lawii | Barleria beddomei | Acanthaceae | Large White Barleria |
| Barleria longiflora | | Acanthaceae | Long Flowered Barleria |
| Barleria lupulina | Barleria macrostachya | Acanthaceae | Hophead |
| Barleria montana | Barleria morrisiana, Barleria purpurea | Acanthaceae | Mountain Barleria |
| Barleria mysorensis | Barleria buxifolia var. mysorensis, Barleria obovata | Acanthaceae | Mysore Barleria |
| Barleria nitida | Barleria bracteata | Acanthaceae | Shining Barleria |
| Barleria noctiflora | Barleria ramosa, Barleriacanthus noctiflora | Acanthaceae | Night-Blooming Barleria |
| Barleria prattiana | Barleria prattensis | Acanthaceae | Pink Barleria |
| Barleria prionitis | Barleria appressa, Barleria coriacea, Barleria spicata | Acanthaceae | Porcupine Flower |
| Barleria prionitoides | Barleria prionitis L. subsp. prionitoides | Acanthaceae | Pale Spiny Barleria |
| Barleria repens | | Acanthaceae | Red Barleria |
| Barleria sepalosa | | Acanthaceae | Sepalous Barleria |
| Barleria strigosa | Barleria caerulea, Barleria polytricha | Acanthaceae | Bristly Blue Barleria |
| Barleria terminalis | Barleria strigosa var. polystachya, Barleria polystachya | Acanthaceae | Blue Barleria |
| Barleria tomentosa | Barleria paniculata, Barleria tomentosa var. glandulosa | Acanthaceae | Velvety Barleria |
| Barringtonia acutangula | Barringtonia spicata, Eugenia acutangula | Lecythidaceae | Barringtonia |
| Barringtonia asiatica | Barringtonia speciosa | Lecythidaceae | Sea Poison Tree |
| Barringtonia racemosa | Eugenia racemosa | Lecythidaceae | Powderpuff Mangrove |
| Basella alba | Basella rubra, Basella lucida, Basella nigra, Basella volubilis | Basellaceae | Malabar Spinach |
| Basilicum polystachyon | Lehmannia ocymoidea, Ocimum polystachyon, Moschosma polystachyon | Lamiaceae | Musk Basil |
| Bassia dasyphylla | Bassia divaricata, Chenolea divaricata, Echinopsilon divaricatus | Chenopodiaceae | Shaggy-Leaved Bassia |
| Bassia scoparia | Kochia scoparia, Atriplex scoparia, Chenopodium scoparia | Chenopodiaceae | Summer Cypress |
| Bauhinia acuminata | | Caesalpiniaceae | Dwarf White Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia galpinii | | Caesalpiniaceae | Red Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia hookeri | Lysiphyllum hookeri | Caesalpiniaceae | Mountain Ebony |
| Bauhinia monandra | Bauhinia kappleri, Bauhinia porosa, Bauhinia punctiflora | Caesalpiniaceae | Pink Butterfly Flower |
| Bauhinia purpurea | | Caesalpiniaceae | Purple Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia racemosa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Bidi Leaf Tree |
| Bauhinia tomentosa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Yellow Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia variegata | | Caesalpiniaceae | Kachnar |
| Bauhinia variegata var. candida | Bauhinia alba, Bauhinia variegata var. alboflava | Caesalpiniaceae | White Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia x blakeana | | Caesalpiniaceae | Hong Kong Orchid Tree |
| Beaucarnea recurvata | Nolina recurvata, Dasylirion recurvatum, Beaucarnea inermis | Asparagaceae | Ponytail Palm |
| Beaumontia grandiflora | Echites grandiflora | Apocynaceae | Nepal Trumpet Flower |
| Beccarinda tonkinensis | Slackia tonkinensis | Gesneriaceae | Tonkin Beccarinda |
| Begonia acetosa | | Begoniaceae | Ruby Begonia |
| Begonia acetosella | | Begoniaceae | Sorrel Begonia |
| Begonia acetosella var. hirtifolia | | Begoniaceae | Hairy Sorrel Begonia |
| Begonia aconitifolia | Begonia faureana, Begonia kimusiana, Begonia sceptrum | Begoniaceae | Cane Begonia |
| Begonia albococcinea Hook. | Begonia grahamiana, | Begoniaceae | Red and White Begonia |
| Begonia annulata | Begonia griffithii | Begoniaceae | Leaf-Ring Begonia |
| Begonia arnottiana | Diploclinium arnottianum | Begoniaceae | Roundleaf Begonia |
| Begonia arunachalensis | | Begoniaceae | Arunachal Begonia |
| Begonia asperifolia | | Begoniaceae | Rough-Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia boliviensis | Begonia argentinensis | Begoniaceae | Bolivian Begonia |
| Begonia burkillii | | Begoniaceae | White-Cross Begonia |
| Begonia cathcartii | Begonia nemophila, Platycentrum cathcartii | Begoniaceae | Red-Hair Begonia |
| Begonia 'Cathedral' | | Begoniaceae | Stained Glass Begonia |
| Begonia coccinea | | Begoniaceae | Angel Wing Begonia |
| Begonia concanensis | | Begoniaceae | Konkan Begonia |
| Begonia cordifolia | Begonia incarnata, Diploclinium cordifolium | Begoniaceae | Heartleaf Begonia |
| Begonia crenata | | Begoniaceae | Common Begonia |
| Begonia cucullata var. cucullata | Begonia cucullifolia, Begonia nervosa, Begonia semperflorens | Begoniaceae | Clubed Begonia |
| Begonia dicressine | Begonia putaoensis | Begoniaceae | Iridescent-Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia dioica | Begonia tenella, Begonia amoena | Begoniaceae | Three-Petal Begonia |
| Begonia dipetala | Begonia bipetala, Begonia malabarica var. dipetala, Haagea dipetala | Begoniaceae | Two-Petal Begonia |
| Begonia floccifera | | Begoniaceae | Woolly Begonia |
| Begonia fuchsioides | Begonia floribunda, Begonia miniata, Begonia multiflora | Begoniaceae | Fuchsia Begonia |
| Begonia giganticaulis | | Begoniaceae | Giant Begonia |
| Begonia griffithiana | Begonia episcopalis, Mezierea griffithiana | Begoniaceae | East-Himalayan Begonia |
| Begonia hatacoa | Begonia rubrovenia, Platycentrum rubrovenium | Begoniaceae | Red-Vein Begonia |
| Begonia heracleifolia | Begonia jatrophifolia, Begonia radiata | Begoniaceae | Star Begonia |
| Begonia hirtella | Begonia brasila, Begonia ciliata, Begonia villosa | Begoniaceae | Brazilian Begonia |
| Begonia integrifolia | | Begoniaceae | Entire-Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia josephi | | Begoniaceae | Pink Shield-Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia kekarmonyingensis | | Begoniaceae | Kekar Monying Begonia |
| Begonia limprichtii | Begonia houttuynioides | Begoniaceae | Limpricht Begonia |
| Begonia listada | | Begoniaceae | Striped Begonia |
| Begonia lushaiensis | | Begoniaceae | Lushai Begonia |
| Begonia maculata | Begonia argyrostigma, Begonia corallina, Begonia dichroa | Begoniaceae | Polka Dot Begonia |
| Begonia malabarica | Begonia hydrophila, Begonia fallax, Begonia rubrosetulosa | Begoniaceae | Malabar Begonia |
| Begonia markiana | | Begoniaceae | Dibang Begonia |
| Begonia masoniana | | Begoniaceae | Iron Cross Begonia |
| Begonia mazae | Begonia mazae f. nigricans, Begonia mazae f. viridis | Begoniaceae | Mazae Begonia |
| Begonia medogensis | | Begoniaceae | Medog Begonia |
| Begonia megaptera | | Begoniaceae | Large Winged Begonia |
| Begonia 'Nonstop Red' | | Begoniaceae | Begonia Nonstop Red |
| Begonia oyuniae | | Begoniaceae | White Arunachal Begonia |
| Begonia palmata | Begonia palmata var. khasiana | Begoniaceae | Palmate-Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia pasighatensis | | Begoniaceae | Pasighat Begonia |
| Begonia phrixophylla | | Begoniaceae | Bristly-Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia picta | Begonia echinata | Begoniaceae | Painted Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia 'Red Cascade' | | Begoniaceae | Hanging Basket Red Begonia |
| Begonia rex | Begonia rex var. grandis, Platycentrum rex | Begoniaceae | Rex Begonia |
| Begonia roxburghii | Begonia malabarica | Begoniaceae | Red-Dotted Begonia |
| Begonia sempeflorens | | Begoniaceae | Begonia Fair Lady |
| Begonia sikkimensis var. kamengensis | | Begoniaceae | Kameng Begonia |
| Begonia subpeltata | Reichenheimia subpeltata | Begoniaceae | Shield-Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia thomsonii | | Begoniaceae | East-Indian Begonia |
| Begonia trichocarpa | | Begoniaceae | Hairy-Fruit Begonia |
| Begonia tripurensis | | Begoniaceae | Tripura Begonia |
| Begonia tuberosa 'Ruffled Yellow' | | Begoniaceae | Ruffled Yellow Begonia |
| Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum | | Begoniaceae | Wax Begonia |
| Beilschmiedia dalzellii | Beilschmiedia fagifolia var. dalzellii | Lauraceae | Konkan Walnut |
| Beilschmiedia roxburghiana | Beilschmiedia fagifolia | Lauraceae | Wavyleaf Purplenut |
| Bellis perennis cultivars | | Asteraceae | Red English Daisy |
| Bellis perennis | | Asteraceae | English Daisy |
| Benincasa fistulosa | Praecitrullus fistulosus, Citrullus fistulosus | Cucurbitaceae | Tinda |
| Benincasa hispida | Benincasa cerifera, Cucurbita hispida, Benincasa pruriens | Cucurbitaceae | White Gourd |
| Bentinckia condapanna | | Arecaceae | Hill Areca Palm |
| Bentinckia nicobarica | Orania nicobarica | Arecaceae | Nicobar Palm |
| Berberis angulosa | | Berberidaceae | Large-Flowered Barberry |
| Berberis aquifolium | Mahonia aquifolium | Berberidaceae | Holly-Leaf Barberry |
| Berberis aristata | Berberis chitria D.Don, Berberis coccinea, Berberis macrophylla | Berberidaceae | Indian Barberry |
| Berberis asiatica | Berberis hypoleuca, Berberis asiatica var. clarkeana | Berberidaceae | Asian Barberry |
| Berberis insignis | Berberis insignis var. elegantifolia, Berberis insignis var. gouldii | Berberidaceae | East-Himalayan Barberry |
| Berberis jaeschkeana | | Berberidaceae | Red-Stem Barberry |
| Berberis jaunsarensis | Mahonia jaunsarensis | Berberidaceae | Jaunsar Barberry |
| Berberis kashmirana | | Berberidaceae | Kashmir Barberry |
| Berberis koehneana | Berberis koehniana | Berberidaceae | Koehne Barberry |
| Berberis lycium | Berberis afghanica, Berberis angustifolia, Berberis heteracantha | Berberidaceae | Indian Lycium |
| Berberis napaulensis | Mahonia napaulensis, Berberis leschenaultii, Mahonia manipurensis | Berberidaceae | Nepal Barberry |
| Berberis nilghiriensis | | Berberidaceae | Nilgiri Barberry |
| Berberis tinctoria | | Berberidaceae | Dye Barberry |
| Berberis ulicina | | Berberidaceae | Gorse Barberry |
| Bergenia ciliata | | Saxifragaceae | Frilly Bergenia |
| Bergenia crassifolia | Bergenia biflora, Geryonia crassifolia, Saxifraga crassifolia | Saxifragaceae | Pig Squeak |
| Bergenia pacumbis | Bergenia himalaica Boriss., Bergenia ligulata, Bergenia ciliata f. ligulata | Saxifragaceae | Chinese Bergenia |
| Bergenia purpurascens | Saxifraga purpurascens, Bergenia delavayi | Saxifragaceae | Purple Bergenia |
| Bergenia stracheyi | Saxifraga milesii, Bergenia gorbunovii, Saxifraga stracheyi | Saxifragaceae | Himalayan Bergenia |
| Bergera koenigii | Murraya koenigii, Chalcas koenigii | Rutaceae | Curry Leaf |
| Bergia ammannioides | Elatine ammannioides, Bergia pentandra, Bergia oryzetorum | Elatinaceae | Ammannia Waterwort |
| Bergia suffruticosa | Bergia odorata, Lancretia suffruticosa | Elatinaceae | Woody Bergia |
| Berrya cordifolia | Espera cordifolia, Berrya ammonilla | Tiliaceae | Trincomalee Wood |
| Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima | Beta maritima, Beta bengalensis, Beta vulgaris var. orientalis | Chenopodiaceae | Sea Beet |
| Betula alnoides | Betula affinis, Betula nitida | Betulaceae | Himalayan Birch |
| Betula utilis | Betula bhojpattra | Betulaceae | Bhoj Patra Tree |
| Biancaea decapetala | Caesalpinia decapetala, Caesalpinia ferox, Biancaea scandens | Caesalpiniaceae | Mysore Thorn |
| Bidens bipinnata | Bidens wallichii, Bidens elongata, Bidens cicutaefolia | Asteraceae | Spanish Needles |
| Bidens biternata | Coreopsis biternata | Asteraceae | Yellow Flowered Blackjack |
| Bidens pilosa | Bidens orientalis, Bidens minor, Bidens leucanthemus | Asteraceae | Beggar Tick |
| Bidens tripartita subsp. tripartita | Bidens trifida, Bidens repens | Asteraceae | Threelobe Beggar Tick |
| Biebersteinia odora | | Biebersteiniaceae | Fragrant Yellow Geranium |
| Billbergia leptopoda | | Bromeliaceae | Permanent Wave Plant |
| Billbergia macrocalyx | Billbergia quintusiana | Bromeliaceae | Tall Tubular Bromeliad |
| Billbergia nutans | Billbergia linearifolia, Billbergia minuta, Billbergia schimperiana | Bromeliaceae | Queens Tears |
| Billbergia pyramidalis | | Bromeliaceae | Foolproof Plant |
| Biophytum nervifolium | Biophytum sensitivum var. nervifolium | Oxalidaceae | Little Tree Plant |
| Biophytum poterioides | Biophytum sensitivum sensu Mathew | Oxalidaceae | Red Little Tree Plant |
| Biophytum reinwardtii | Oxalis reinwardtii | Oxalidaceae | Slender Tree Plant |
| Biophytum sensitivum | Biophytum candolleanum, Biophytum sensitivum var. assamicum | Oxalidaceae | Tropical Little Tree Plant |
| Bischofia javanica | Bischofia trifoliata | Phyllanthaceae | Bishop Wood |
| Bismarckia nobilis | | Arecaceae | Bismarck Palm |
| Bistorta affinis | Persicaria affinis, Polygonum brunonis, Polygonum affine | Polygonaceae | Himalayan Fleeceflower |
| Bistorta amplexicaulis | Polygonum amplexicaule, Persicaria amplexicaulis, Polygonum speciosum | Polygonaceae | Red Mountain Fleeceflower |
| Bistorta amplexicaulis var. alba | | Polygonaceae | White Mountain Fleeceflower |
| Bistorta emodi subsp. emodi | Persicaria emodi, Polygonum emodi | Polygonaceae | Snow Knotweed |
| Bistorta griffithii | Polygonum griffithii, Persicaria griffithii | Polygonaceae | Drooping Knotweed |
| Bistorta macrophylla | Persicaria macrophylla, Polygonum macrophyllum | Polygonaceae | Large-Leaf Knotweed |
| Bistorta perpusilla | Polygonum perpusillum | Polygonaceae | Tiny Knotweed |
| Bistorta rubra | Bistorta milletii auct. non H.Lév., Polygonum milletii auct. non H.Lév. | Polygonaceae | Crimson Knotweed |
| Bistorta vacciniifolia | Polygonum vaccinifolium, Persicaria vaccinifolia | Polygonaceae | Rose Carpet Knotweed |
| Bistorta vivipara | Polygonum viviparum, Persicaria vivipara | Polygonaceae | Alpine Bistort |
| Bixa orellana | | Bixaceae | Lipstick Tree |
| Blachia andamanica subsp. denudata | Blachia denudata | Euphorbiaceae | Sahyadri Blachia |
| Blachia umbellata | Blachia reflexa, Croton umbellatus, Bruxanellia indica | Euphorbiaceae | Umbelled Blachia |
| Blainvillea acmella | Spilanthes acmella, Blainvillea latifolia, Eclipta latifolia | Asteraceae | Para Cress Flower |
| Blastania cerasiformis | Ctenolepis cerasiformis, Bryonia fimbristipula, Zehneria cerasiformis | Cucurbitaceae | Cherry Bur Cucumber |
| Blastania garcinii | Sicyos garcini, Ctenolepis garcini | Cucurbitaceae | Deccan Bur Cucumber |
| Blepharis integrifolia | Acanthus integrifolius, Blepharis setosa, Blepharis rupicola | Acanthaceae | Narrow-Leaf Blepharis |
| Blepharis maderaspatensis | Blepharis boerhaviifolia, Blepharis procurrens, Blepharis rubiifolia | Acanthaceae | Creeping Blepharis |
| Blepharispermum petiolare | | Asteraceae | Stalked Eyelashpod |
| Bletilla striata | Cymbidium striatum, Epidendrum striatum, Jimensia striata | Orchidaceae | Chinese Ground Orchid |
| Blitum virgatum | Chenopodium foliosum, Morocarpus foliosus | Chenopodiaceae | Strawberry Sticks |
| Blumea axillaris | Blumea mollis, Blumea parvifolia, Erigeron molle | Asteraceae | Soft Blumea |
| Blumea belangeriana | Blumea metziana | Asteraceae | River Blumea |
| Blumea densiflora | Blumea grandis, Blumea excisa, Conyza densiflora | Asteraceae | Grand Blumea |
| Blumea eriantha | | Asteraceae | Wool-Flower Blumea |
| Blumea fistulosa | Blumea glomerata, Blumea purpurea, Blumea nodiflora | Asteraceae | Clustered Blumea |
| Blumea flava | Blumeopsis falcata, Blumeopsis flava, Conyza falcata, Laggera flava | Asteraceae | Yellow Blumea |
| Blumea lacera | Blumea lactucifolia, Blumea glandulosa, Blumea bodinieri | Asteraceae | Lettuce-Leaf Blumea |
| Blumea lanceolaria | Conyza lanceolaria, Blumea spectabilis, Blumea laxiflora | Asteraceae | Lanceleaf Blumea |
| Blumea lutea | Cyathocline lutea, Cyathocline flava, Cyathocline lawii | Asteraceae | Peela Gangotra |
| Blumea malcolmii | Pluchea malcomiii, Pluchea lanuginosa | Asteraceae | Woolly Blumea |
| Blumea obliqua | Blumea amplectens, Conyza obliqua, Erigeron obliquus | Asteraceae | Oblique Blumea |
| Blumea oxyodonta | | Asteraceae | Spiny Leaved Blumea |
| Blumea sericea | Nanothamnus sericeus | Asteraceae | Silky Dwarf Bush |
| Blumea sinuata | Blumea javanica, Blumea laciniata, Blumea sonchifolia | Asteraceae | Sow-Thistle Blumea |
| Blumea viscosa | Blumea aurita, Laggera aurita, Pseudoconyza viscosa | Asteraceae | Sticky Blumea |
| Blyxa aubertii | Blyxa zeylanica, Blyxa graminea, Blyxa muricata, Blyxa malayana | Hydrocharitaceae | Ceylon Blyxa |
| Boehmeria glomerulifera | Boehmeria malabarica, Boehmeria oblongifolia, Boehmeria depauperata | Urticaceae | Malabar Tree Nettle |
| Boehmeria rugulosa | Urtica regulosa, Boehmeria nervosa, Ramium rugulosum | Urticaceae | Daar |
| Boehmeria ternifolia | Urtica ternifolia, Urtica caudigera, Boehmeria caudigera | Urticaceae | Tailed-Leaf Ramie |
| Boehmeria virgata var. macrostachya | Boehmeria macrostachya, Splitgerbera macrostachya, Boehmeria platyphylla | Urticaceae | Large-Spike Ramie |
| Boehmeria virgata var. scabrella | Boehmeria scabrella, Urtica scabrella | Urticaceae | Rough Ramie |
| Boeica arunachalensis | | Gesneriaceae | Arunachal Boeica |
| Boeica clarkei | | Gesneriaceae | Siang Boeica |
| Boeica filiformis | Chelone filiformis | Gesneriaceae | Thread-like Boeica |
| Boeica fulva | | Gesneriaceae | Fulvous Boeica |
| Boeica multinervia | | Gesneriaceae | Multinerved Boeica |
| Boenninghausenia albiflora | Ruta albiflora | Rutaceae | White Himalayan Rue |
| Boerhavia coccinea | Boerhavia hirsuta, Boerhavia ixodes, Boerhavia viscosa | Nyctaginaceae | Scarlet Spiderling |
| Boerhavia diffusa | Boerhavia paniculata, Boerhavia acutifolia | Nyctaginaceae | Red Spiderling |
| Boerhavia erecta | | Nyctaginaceae | Erect Spiderling |
| Boesenbergia hamiltonii | Boesenbergiae longiflorae Kuntze affinis | Zingiberaceae | East-Indian Fingerroot |
| Boesenbergia kingii | | Zingiberaceae | Indo-China Fingerroot |
| Boesenbergia siphonantha | Kaempferia siphonantha | Zingiberaceae | Andaman Fingerroot |
| Boesenbergia tiliifolia | Kaempferia tiliifolia, Gastrochilus tiliifolius | Zingiberaceae | Nilgiri Fingerroot |
| Bolboschoenus maritimus | Reigera maritima, Scirpus maritimus, Schoenoplectus maritimus | Cyperaceae | Sea Club-Rush |
| Bolusanthus speciosus | Lonchocarpus speciosus | Fabaceae | African Wisteria Tree |
| Bomarea multiflora | Bomarea floribunda, Alstroemeria multiflora | Liliaceae | Vine Alstroemeria |
| Bombax ceiba | Salmalia malabarica | Malvaceae | Silk Cotton Tree |
| Bombax insigne | Salmalia insignis | Malvaceae | Showy Silk Cotton Tree |
| Bonellia macrocarpa | Jacquinia macrocarpa, Jacquinia aurantica | Primulaceae | Jacquinia |
| Bonnaya antipoda | Ruellia antipoda, Lindernia antipoda | Linderniaceae | Sparrow Lindernia |
| Bonnaya ciliata | Lindernia ciliata, Gratiola ciliata, Lindernia serrata | Linderniaceae | Fringed Lindernia |
| Bonnaya oppositifolia | Lindernia oppositifolia, Bonnaya minima, Vandellia oppositifolia | Linderniaceae | Opposite-Leaf Lindernia |
| Bonnaya ruellioides | Lindernia ruellioides, Lindernia reptans, Bonnaya reptans | Linderniaceae | Duckbill Lindernia |
| Borassus flabellifer | | Arecaceae | Palmyra Palm |
| Bosea amherstiana | Rodetia amherstiana | Amaranthaceae | Himalayan Bosea |
| Boswellia ovalifoliolata | | Burseraceae | South Indian Olibanum |
| Boswellia serrata | Boswellia glabra, Boswellia thurifera, Bursera thurifera | Burseraceae | Indian Olibanum |
| Bothriochloa bladhii | Bothriochloa intermedia, Andropogon bladhii, Andropogon caucasicus | Poaceae | Caucasian Bluestem Grass |
| Bothriochloa ischaemum | Andropogon ischaemum, Dichanthium ischaemum | Poaceae | Yellow Bluestem Grass |
| Boucerosia crenulata | Caralluma nilagiriana, Caralluma crenulata, Caralluma truncatocoronata | Apocynaceae | Scalloped Caralluma |
| Boucerosia indica | Caralluma indica, Ceropegia indica, Hutchinia indica | Apocynaceae | Indian Caralluma |
| Boucerosia umbellata | Caralluma umbellata, Caralluma lasiantha, Desmidorchis umbellata | Apocynaceae | Umbelled Caralluma |
| Bouffordia dichotoma | Desmodium dichotomum, Hedysarum dichotomu, Desmodium diffusum | Fabaceae | Chikta |
| Bougainvillea glabra | | Nyctaginaceae | Bougainvillea |
| Bougainvillea spectabilis | | Nyctaginaceae | Great Bougainvillea |
| Bowiea volubilis | | Asparagaceae | Climbing Onion |
| Brachychiton acerifolius | Clompanus acerifolia, Sterculia acerifolia | Sterculiaceae | Australian Flame Tree |
| Brachychiton australis | Brachychiton platanoides, Sterculia trichosiphon, Trichosiphon australe | Sterculiaceae | Broadleaf Bottle Tree |
| Brachycorythis helferi | Habenaria helferi, Platanthera helferi, Phyllomphax helferi | Orchidaceae | East-Indian Short-Helmet Orchid |
| Brachycorythis iantha | Habenaria iantha, Phyllomphax iantha, Platanthera iantha | Orchidaceae | Violet Short-Helmet Orchid |
| Brachycorythis obcordata | Gymnadenia obcordata, Habenaria obcordata, Platanthera obcordata | Orchidaceae | Heart-Shaped Short-Helmet Orchid |
| Brachycorythis splendida | Phyllomphax splendida, Phyllomphax obcordata var. iantha | Orchidaceae | Splendid Short-Helmet Orchid |
| Brachycorythis wightii | Phyllomphax wightii | Orchidaceae | White Short-Helmet Orchid |
| Brachyscome iberidifolia | | Asteraceae | Swan River Daisy |
| Brassaiopsis glomerulata | Aralia glomerulata, Hedera glomerulata, Macropanax glomerulatus | Araliaceae | Drumstick Aralia |
| Brassaiopsis hainla | Brassaiopsis palmata, Panax palmatus, Hedera hainla | Araliaceae | Seto Chuletro Tree |
| Brassavola nodosa | Cymbidium nodosum, Epidendrum nodosum, Bletia nodosa | Orchidaceae | Lady of the Night Orchid |
| Brassia arachnoidea | | Orchidaceae | Spider Brassia |
| Brassica carinata | Brassica timoriana, Brassica urbaniana, Brassica lanceolata | Brassicaceae | Ethiopian Mustard |
| Brassica juncea | | Brassicaceae | Mustard |
| Brassica juncea var. rugosa | Brassica juncea var. capitata, Brassica rugosa, Sinapis rugosa | Brassicaceae | Cabbage Leaf Mustard |
| Brassica napus | | Brassicaceae | Gobhi Sarson |
| Brassica oleracea var. botrytis | | Brassicaceae | Cauliflower |
| Brassica oleracea var. capitata | | Brassicaceae | Cabbage |
| Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes | | Brassicaceae | Cabbage Turnip |
| Brassica oleracea var. italica | | Brassicaceae | Broccoli |
| Brassica oleracea var. sabellica | Brassica oleracea var. acephala | Brassicaceae | Ornamental Cabbage |
| Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis | Brassica chinensis | Brassicaceae | Bok Choy |
| Brassica rapa | Brassica arvensis, Brassica chinensis | Brassicaceae | Turnip |
| Brassica tournefortii | Brassica stocksii, Brassica sisymbrioides | Brassicaceae | Asian Mustard |
| Breynia disticha | Phyllanthus nivosus, Breynia nivosa | Phyllanthaceae | Hawaiian Snowbush |
| Breynia quadrangularis | Sauropus quadrangularis, Phyllanthus quadrangularis | Phyllanthaceae | Quadrangular Leaf-Flower |
| Breynia retusa | Phyllanthus retusus, Breynia patens | Phyllanthaceae | Cup Saucer Plant |
| Breynia trinervia | Phyllanthus trinervius, Aalius trinervia, Sauropus trinervius | Phyllanthaceae | Three-Nerved Leaf-Flower |
| Breynia vitis-idaea | Rhamnus vitis-idaea | Phyllanthaceae | Mountain Coffee Bush |
| Bridelia montana | Bridelia hamiltoniana, Clutia montana, Andrachne elliptica | Phyllanthaceae | Mountain Bridelia |
| Bridelia ovata | Bridelia kurzii, Bridelia pedicellata, Bridelia burmanica | Phyllanthaceae | Burma Bridelia |
| Bridelia retusa | | Phyllanthaceae | Spinous Kino Tree |
| Bridelia stipularis | Bridelia scandens, Bridelia zollingeri, Bridelia dasycalyx | Phyllanthaceae | Climbing Bridelia |
| Bridelia verrucosa | | Phyllanthaceae | Warty Bridelia |
| Briza minor | Briza gracilis | Poaceae | Small Quaking-Grass |
| Bromelia serra | Bromelia lindmanii, Karatas serra | Bromeliaceae | Bayonet Bromeliad |
| Bromus catharticus | Bromus unioloides, Bromus preslii, Bromus angustatus | Poaceae | Rescue Grass |
| Bromus hordeaceus | Avena mollis, Bromus affinis, Bromus mollis | Poaceae | Barley Brome |
| Bromus inermis | Bromus glabrescens, Bromus latifolius, Poa bromoides | Poaceae | Smooth Brome |
| Bromus japonicus | Bromus annuus, Bromus arvensis var. japonicus | Poaceae | Japanese Brome |
| Bromus rubens | Bromus madritensis var. rubens, Festuca rubens | Poaceae | Foxtail Brome |
| Bromus tectorum | | Poaceae | Cheatgrass |
| Broussonetia papyrifera | Morus papyrifera, Papyrius papyriferus | Moraceae | Paper Mulberry |
| Browallia americana | Browallia elata | Solanaceae | Bush Violet |
| Brownea coccinea | Brownea capitella, Brownea latifolia | Caesalpiniaceae | Scarlet Flame Bean |
| Brownea macrophylla | | Caesalpiniaceae | Mountain Rose |
| Brugmansia aurea | Brugmansia pittieri, Datura aurea, Datura pittieri | Solanaceae | Golden Angel's Trumpet |
| Brugmansia suaveolens | Datura suaveolens | Solanaceae | Angel's Trumpet |
| Brugmansia x candida | Datura arborea sensu G.S. Puri & Mahajan | Solanaceae | Tall Datura |
| Brugmansia x insignis | | Solanaceae | Magnificent Angel's Trumpet |
| Bruguiera cylindrica | Rhizophora cylindrica, Bruguiera caryophylloides | Rhizophoraceae | White Burma Mangrove |
| Bruguiera gymnorhiza | Bruguiera capensis, Bruguiera conjugata, Bruguiera wightii | Rhizophoraceae | Burma Mangrove |
| Brunfelsia americana | Brunfelsia undulata | Solanaceae | Lady of the Night |
| Brunfelsia pauciflora | Brunfelsia calycina, Franciscea pauciflora, Brunfelsia pauciflora var. calycin | Solanaceae | Yesterday Today and Tomorrow |
| Brya ebenus | Aspalathus ebenus | Fabaceae | Jamaican Ebony |
| Bryobium pudicum | Eria pudica, Eria hindei, Eria monophylla, Eria porteri | Orchidaceae | One-Leaf Eria |
| Bryonia aspera | Bryonia afghanica, Bryonia haussknechtiana, Bryonia alba sensu Boiss. | Cucurbitaceae | Rough Bryony |
| Buchanania axillaris | Buchanania angustifolia, Cambessedea axillaris | Anacardiaceae | Cuddapah Almond |
| Buchanania cochinchinensis | Buchanania lanzan, Buchanania latifolia, Chironjia sapida | Anacardiaceae | Chironji Tree |
| Buchnera hispida | Buchnera browniana, Striga schimperiana, Buchnera schimperiana | Orobanchaceae | Hairy Buchnera |
| Buchozia japonica 'Flore Pleno' | Serissa japonica, Lycium japonicum, Lycium foetidum | Rubiaceae | Snow Rose double |
| Buchozia japonica 'Variegata' | Serissa japonica, Lycium japonicum, Lycium foetidum | Rubiaceae | Snow Rose |
| Buchozia japonica 'Variegated Pink' | Serissa japonica | Rubiaceae | Pink Snow Rose |
| Buddleja asiatica | Buddleja arfakensis, Buddleja discolor, Buddleja neemda | Scrophulariaceae | Asian Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja colvilei | | Scrophulariaceae | East Himalayan Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja crispa | | Scrophulariaceae | Himalayan Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja davidii | | Scrophulariaceae | Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja indica | Buddleja diversifolia, Buddleja nepalensis, Nicodemia diversifolia | Scrophulariaceae | Indoor Oak |
| Buddleja lindleyana | Adenoplea lindleyana | Scrophulariaceae | Weeping Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja macrostachya | Buddleja cylindrostachya | Scrophulariaceae | Long Spiked Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja madagascariensis | Buddleia madagascariensis | Scrophulariaceae | Madagascar Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja paniculata | | Scrophulariaceae | Panicled Butterfly Bush |
| Buglossoides arvensis | Lithospermum arvense, Lithospermum bicolor, Lithospermum medium | Boraginaceae | Corn Gromwell |
| Bulbophyllum affine | Bulbophyllum kusukuensis | Orchidaceae | Single Flowered Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum amplifolium | Cirrhopetalum amplifolium | Orchidaceae | Large-Leaf Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum aureum | Phyllorchis aurea, Cirrhopetalum aureum | Orchidaceae | Golden Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum basiflorum | | Orchidaceae | Root-Flower Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum careyanum | Anisopetalum careyanum, Phyllorkis purpurea, Pleurothallis purpurea | Orchidaceae | Purple-Spike Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum cariniflorum | Bulbophyllum densiflorum, Bulbophyllum pantlingii, Bulbophyllum flavidum | Orchidaceae | Keeled Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum caudatum | Phyllorkis caudata | Orchidaceae | Tailed Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum cauliflorum var. sikkimense | | Orchidaceae | Stem-Flowering Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum corallinum | | Orchidaceae | Coral Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum crabro | Monomeria barbata, Monomeria crabro, Epicranthes barbata | Orchidaceae | Hornet Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum crassipes | Bulbophyllum careyanum var. crassipes, Phyllorchis crassipes | Orchidaceae | Thick Spurred Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum cylindraceum | Phyllorkis cylindracea, Bulbophyllum imbricatum | Orchidaceae | Cylindrical Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum delitescens | Cirrhopetalum delitescens, Cirrhopetalum mirificum | Orchidaceae | Hidden Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum emarginatum | Cirrhopetalum emarginatum | Orchidaceae | Notched-Leaf Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum fimbriatum | Cirrhopetalum fimbriatum, Phyllorchis fimbriata | Orchidaceae | Fringed Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum fischeri | Cirrhopetalum gamblei, Phyllorkis hookeri | Orchidaceae | Deccan Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum fuscopurpureum | Phyllorkis fuscopurpurea | Orchidaceae | Tongue Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum gamblei | Bulbophyllum leptanthum var. gamblei | Orchidaceae | Pale-Yellow Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum gopalianum | | Orchidaceae | Lurh Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum griffithii | Bulbophyllum calodictyon, Bulbophyllum chitouense, Dendrobium bulbophylli | Orchidaceae | Dotted-Lip Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum guttulatum | Cirrhopetalum guttulatum, Phyllorkis guttulata | Orchidaceae | Small-Spotted Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum gymnopus | Drymoda gymnopus, Monomeria gymnopus, Phyllorkis gymnopus | Orchidaceae | Barefoot Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum helenae | Phyllorkis helenae, Cirrhopetalum cornutum, Rhytionanthos cornutum | Orchidaceae | Horned Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum hirtum | Bulbophyllum kerrii, Bulbophyllum suave, Phyllorkis hirta | Orchidaceae | Bristly Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum kaitiense | Phyllorkis kaitiensis, Cirrhopetalum nilgherrense | Orchidaceae | Ketti Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum khasyanum | Bulbophyllum gibsonii, Bulbophyllum cylindraceum var. khasyanum | Orchidaceae | Khasi Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum kingii | Phyllorkis kingii, Acrochaene punctata, Monomeria punctata | Orchidaceae | Dotted Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum leopardinum | Dendrobium leopardinum, Phyllorkis leopardina, Sarcopodium leopardinum | Orchidaceae | Leopard Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum maskeliyense | | Orchidaceae | Maskeliya Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum moniliforme | Phyllorkis moniliformis, Bulbophyllum paramjitii, Bulbophyllum subtenellum | Orchidaceae | Green Pearls Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum mysorense | Cirrhopetalum mysorense | Orchidaceae | Mysore Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum obrienianum | Bulbophyllum leopardinum var. tuberculatum | Orchidaceae | Black-Spotted Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum odoratissimum | Phyllorkis odoratissima, Stelis odoratissima, Tribrachia odoratissima | Orchidaceae | Fragrant Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum odoratissimum var. racemosum | Bulbophyllum trichocephalum var. racemosum | Orchidaceae | Racemose Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum pectinatum | Bulbophyllum spectabile, Bulbophyllum transarisanense | Orchidaceae | Toothed-Lip Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum pteroglossum | Bulbophyllum monanthum, Bulbophyllum uniflorum | Orchidaceae | Wing-Lip Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum raskotii | Sunipia nepalensis | Orchidaceae | Green Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum repens | Bulbophyllum poilanei, Phyllorkis repens | Orchidaceae | Creeping Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum reptans | Bulbophyllum clarkei, Bulbophyllum grandiflorum, Phyllorkis reptans | Orchidaceae | Crawling Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum retusiusculum | Phyllorkis retusiuscula, Bulbophyllum flavisepalum | Orchidaceae | Red-Capped Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum rigidum | | Orchidaceae | Rigid Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum rolfei | Bulbophyllum parvulum, Cirrhopetalum parvulum, Phyllorkis rolfei | Orchidaceae | Tiny Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum rosemarianum | | Orchidaceae | Rosemary Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum roseopictum | Bulbophyllum bicolor, Ione bicolor, Dipodium khasyanum, Sunipia bicolor | Orchidaceae | Rose-Spotted Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum rothschildianum | Cirrhopetalum rothschildianum, Mastigion rothschildianum | Orchidaceae | Red-Tail Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum roxburghii | Aerides radiata, Bulbophyllum sikkimense | Orchidaceae | Sikkim Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum sarcophyllum | Cirrhopetalum sarcophyllum, Bulbophyllum cherrapunjeense | Orchidaceae | Fleshy-Leaf Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum scabratum | Bulbophyllum confertum, Bulbophyllum lockii, Bulbophyllum psychoon | Orchidaceae | Rough Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum sterile | Epidendrum sterile, Phyllorkis nilgherensis, Bulbophyllum nilgherrense | Orchidaceae | Nilgiri Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum striatum | Dendrobium striatum, Phyllorkis striata, Sarcopodium striatum | Orchidaceae | Striped Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum sunipia | Sunipia scariosa, Ione scariosa, Ione siamensis | Orchidaceae | Sunipia Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum tremulum | Phyllorchis tremula, Phyllorkis tremula | Orchidaceae | Tremulous Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum tridentatum | | Orchidaceae | Three-Toothed Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum umbellatum | Bulbophyllum annamicum | Orchidaceae | Umbrella Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbophyllum wallichii | Cirrhopetalum wallichii, Tripudianthes wallichii, Bulbophyllum refractoides | Orchidaceae | Long-Sepal Bulb-Leaf Orchid |
| Bulbostylis barbata | Scirpus barbatus, Cyperus barbata, Fimbristylis barbata | Cyperaceae | Bearded Watergrass |
| Bunchosia armeniaca | Malpighia armeniaca | Malpighiaceae | Peanut Butter Fruit |
| Bupleurum candollei | | Apiaceae | Himalayan Thorowax |
| Bupleurum gracillimum | Bupleurum falcatum var. gracillimum | Apiaceae | Slender Thorowax |
| Bupleurum hamiltonii | | Apiaceae | South-Asian Thorowax |
| Bupleurum lanceolatum | | Apiaceae | Lanceleaf Thorowax |
| Bupleurum longicaule | Bupleurum longicaule var. ramosum, Bupleurum himalayense | Apiaceae | Long-Stem Thorowax |
| Bupleurum marginatum | Bupleurum falcatum var. marginatum | Apiaceae | Margined Chinese Thorowax |
| Bupleurum ramosissimum var. wightii | Bupleurum mucronatum Wight & Arn., Bupleurum wightii | Apiaceae | Nilgiri Thorowax |
| Bupleurum rupestre | Bupleurum nigrocarpum, Bupleurum falcatum var. afghanicum | Apiaceae | Rock-Dwelling Thorowax |
| Burmannia coelestis | Burmannia caelestis | Burmanniaceae | Indian Bluethread |
| Burmannia disticha | Burmannia bancan, Burmannia graminifolia, Burmannia sumatrana | Burmanniaceae | Double-Spike Bluethread |
| Burmannia pusilla | Cyananthus pusillus, Gonianthes pusilla, Burmannia coelestis var. pusilla | Burmanniaceae | Stalked-Flower Bluethread |
| Bursera fagaroides | Bursera odorata, Bursera tenuifolia, Bursera obovata | Burseraceae | Torchwood Copal |
| Bursera linanoe | Bursera delpechiana, Bursera longipedunculata | Burseraceae | Indian Lavender |
| Butea buteiformis | Butea minor, Meizotropis buteiformis | Fabaceae | Shrub Butea |
| Butea monosperma | Butea frondosa, Butea braamania, Plaso monosperma | Fabaceae | Flame of the Forest |
| Butea monosperma var. lutea | Butea monosperma | Fabaceae | Yellow Flame of the Forest |
| Butea pellita | Meizotropis pellita | Fabaceae | Patwa |
| Butea superba | Rudolphia superba | Fabaceae | Palash Lata |
| Butomopsis latifolia | Butomus lanceolatus, Tenagocharis alismoides, Butomopsis lanceolata | Alismataceae | Broadleaf Flowering Rush |
| Butomus umbellatus | Butomus caesalpini, Butomus vulgaris, Butomus floridus | Butomaceae | Flowering Rush |
| Buxus microphylla | Buxus obcordata, Buxus ovalifolia, Buxus rotundifolia | Buxaceae | Japanese Boxwood |
| Buxus sempervirens | Buxus arborescen, Buxus rosmarinifolia | Buxaceae | Common Boxwood |
| Buxus wallichiana | | Buxaceae | Himalayan Boxwood |
| Byrsonima crassifolia | Malpighia cinerea, Malpighia crassifolia, Byrsonima cinerea | Malpighiaceae | Nance |
| Cabomba caroliniana | Cabomba australis | Nymphaeaceae | Carolina Fanwort |
| Cadaba fruticosa | Cleome fruticosa | Capparaceae | Indian Cadaba |
| Cadaba trifoliata | Cadaba triphylla, Desmocarpus missionis | Capparaceae | Three-Leaf Cadaba |
| Caesalpinia bonduc | Caesalpinia crista, Caesalpinia bonducella, Guilandina bonduc | Caesalpiniaceae | Fever Nut |
| Caesalpinia coriaria | | Caesalpiniaceae | Divi Divi |
| Caesalpinia crista | Caesalpinia nuga, Guilandina nuga | Caesalpiniaceae | Crested Fever Nut |
| Caesalpinia ferrea | | Caesalpiniaceae | Brazilian Ironwood |
| Caesalpinia mimosoides | | Caesalpiniaceae | Mimosa Thorn |
| Caesalpinia pulcherrima f. flava | | Caesalpiniaceae | Peacock Flower yellow |
| Caesalpinia pulcherrima | | Caesalpiniaceae | Peacock Flower |
| Caesalpinia sappan | Biancaea sappan | Caesalpiniaceae | Sappan Wood |
| Caesulia axillaris | Meyera orientalis | Asteraceae | Pink Node Flower |
| Cajanus albicans | Atylosia albicans, Cajanus wightii, Cantharospermum albicans | Fabaceae | Whitish Pigeonpea |
| Cajanus cajan | Cajanus flavus, Cajanus bicolor, Cajan inodorum | Fabaceae | Arhar |
| Cajanus crassus | Cantharospermum volubile, Atylosia volubilis, Atylosia crassa | Fabaceae | Thick-Stemmed Cajanus |
| Cajanus heynei | Atylosia kulnensis, Cajanus kulnensis, Dunbaria heynei | Fabaceae | Deccan Pigeonpea |
| Cajanus lineatus | Atylosia lineata | Fabaceae | Wild Toor |
| Cajanus mollis | Dolichos blandus, Cantharospermum molle, Atylosia mollis | Fabaceae | Himalayan Pigeonpea |
| Cajanus scarabaeoides | Dolichos scarabaeoides, Cantharospermum scarabaeoides, Atylosia scarabaeoides | Fabaceae | Showy Pigeonpea |
| Cajanus sericeus | Atylosia sericea, Cantharospermum sericeum | Fabaceae | Silky Pigeonpea |
| Calacanthus grandiflorus | Lepidagathis grandiflora, Calacanthus dalzellianus T.Anderson ex Benth. [Illeg.] | Acanthaceae | Large Flowered Calacanthus |
| Caladium bicolor | | Araceae | Fancy-Leaf Caladium |
| Calamagrostis emodensis | Calamagrostis garhwalensis | Poaceae | Garhwal Reedgrass |
| Calamus pseudotenuis | Calamus pseudo-tenuis ? | Arecaceae | Slender Rattan Cane |
| Calamus thwaitesii | | Arecaceae | Rattan Cane |
| Calanthe biloba | Alismorkis biloba, Calanthe biloba var. diptera, Calanthe biloba var. obtusata | Orchidaceae | Two-Lobed Calanthe |
| Calanthe brevicornu | Calanthe scaposa, Calanthe yunnanensis, Calanthe lamellosa | Orchidaceae | Short Spurred Calanthe |
| Calanthe clavata | Styloglossum clavatum, Calanthe clavata var. malipoensis | Orchidaceae | Short-Spurred Calanthe |
| Calanthe davidii | Calanthe ensifolia, Calanthe bungoana, Calanthe pachystalix | Orchidaceae | Sword-Leaf Calanthe |
| Calanthe densiflora | Calanthe kazuoi, Phaius epiphyticus, Alismorkis densiflora | Orchidaceae | Dense-Flowered Calanthe |
| Calanthe herbacea | Alismorkis herbacea, Calanthe elytroglossa, Alismorkis elytroglossa | Orchidaceae | Herb Calanthe |
| Calanthe keshabii | Calanthe alpina var. keshabii | Orchidaceae | Pink East-Himalayan Calanthe |
| Calanthe mannii | Alismorkis mannii, Calanthe pusilla, Calanthe oblanceolata | Orchidaceae | Dwarf Calanthe |
| Calanthe obcordata | Bletia obcordata, Calanthe gracilis, Phaius ramosii | Orchidaceae | Slender Helleborine-Orchid |
| Calanthe plantaginea | | Orchidaceae | Plantain Calanthe |
| Calanthe puberula | Calanthe amoena, Calanthe lepida, Calanthe similis | Orchidaceae | Hairy Calanthe |
| Calanthe sylvatica | Calanthe masuca | Orchidaceae | Forest Calanthe |
| Calanthe tricarinata | | Orchidaceae | Monkey Orchid |
| Calanthe triplicata | Calanthe anchorifera, Calanthe breviflos, Calanthe petri | Orchidaceae | White Crane Orchid |
| Calanthe whiteana | Calanthe wardii | Orchidaceae | Green Calanthe |
| Calanthe x dominyi | | Orchidaceae | Dominy's Calanthe |
| Calathea crotalifera | Calathea insignis, Phyllodes insignis | Marantaceae | Rattlesnake Plant |
| Calathea lutea | Calathea discolor, Maranta lutea, Maranta argentea | Marantaceae | Cuban Cigar |
| Calathea zebrina | Maranta zebrina, Maranta pulchella | Marantaceae | Zebra Plant |
| Calceolaria crenatiflora | | Calceolariaceae | Pocket Book Plant |
| Calceolaria tripartita | Calceolaria gracilis | Calceolariaceae | Slipper Flower |
| Calendula arvensis | Calendula aegyptiaca, Calendula amplexifolia | Asteraceae | Field Marigold |
| Calendula officinalis | | Asteraceae | Calendula |
| Calibrachoa spp. | | Solanaceae | Million Bells |
| Calliandra brevipes | Anneslia brevipes, Calliandra selloi | Mimosaceae | Pink Powder Puff |
| Calliandra calothyrsus | Anneslia calothyrsa, Anneslia confusa, Anneslia similis | Mimosaceae | Spiked Powder Puff |
| Calliandra haematocephala | | Mimosaceae | Powder Puff |
| Calliandra houstoniana | Mimosa houstoniana | Mimosaceae | Tree Powderpuff |
| Calliandra surinamensis | Calliandra tenuiflora, Acacia fasciculata, Inga fasciculata | Mimosaceae | Surinam Powderpuff |
| Calliandra tergemina var. emarginata | | Mimosaceae | Dwarf Powder Puff |
| Callianthemum pimpinelloides | Callianthemum cachemirianum, Ranunculus pimpinelloides | Ranunculaceae | Kashmir Prettyflower |
| Callianthe picta | Abutilon striatum, Abutilon pictum, Sida picta | Malvaceae | Painted Mallow |
| Callicarpa arborea | | Verbenaceae | Beautyberry Tree |
| Callicarpa longifolia | | Verbenaceae | Long Leaved Beauty Berry |
| Callicarpa macrophylla | Callicarpa incana, Callicarpa cana, Callicarpa dunniana | Verbenaceae | Large-Leaf Beauty Berry |
| Callicarpa tomentosa | Callicarpa lobata, Callicarpa villosa, Callicarpa wallichiana | Verbenaceae | Velvety Beauty Berry |
| Calligonum polygonoides | Calligonum comosum, Calligonum intertextum, Pallasia comosa | Polygonaceae | Phog |
| Callisia fragrans | Spironema orthandrum, Spironema fragrans, Rectanthera fragrans | Commelinaceae | Basket Plant |
| Callisia repens | Tradescantia callisia, Tradescantia repens, Callisia hexandra | Commelinaceae | Turtle Vine |
| Callistemon rigidus | | Myrtaceae | Stiff Bottle Brush |
| Callistemon salignus | | Myrtaceae | White Bottle Brush |
| Callistephus chinensis | Aster chinensis, Aster lacinians, Aster regalis | Asteraceae | China Aster |
| Callostylis bambusifolia | Eria bambusifolia, Pinalia bambusifolia | Orchidaceae | Bamboo-Leaf Eria |
| Callostylis rigida | Eria rigida, Eria discolor, Liparis bidentata, Tylostylis rigida | Orchidaceae | Rigid Eria |
| Calophyllum apetalum | Calophyllum calaboides, Calophyllum decipiens | Calophyllaceae | Konkan Beauty Leaf Tree |
| Calophyllum inophyllum | | Calophyllaceae | Sultan Champa |
| Calopogonium mucunoides | Calopogonium brachycarpum, Calopogonium orthocarpum, Stenolobium brachycarpum | Fabaceae | Calopo |
| Calotropis gigantea | | Apocynaceae | Crown Flower |
| Calotropis procera | Asclepias procera, Calotropis wallichii, Madorius procerus | Apocynaceae | Rubber Bush |
| Caltha alba | Caltha palustris var. alba, Caltha himalensis | Ranunculaceae | White Marsh Marigold |
| Caltha palustris | Caltha palustris subsp. palustris | Ranunculaceae | Marsh Marigold |
| Caltha scaposa | Caltha palustris var. scaposa | Ranunculaceae | Entire-Leaf Marsh Marigold |
| Calyptocarpus vialis | | Asteraceae | Straggler Daisy |
| Camellia azalea | Camellia changii | Theaceae | Camellia Azalea |
| Camellia japonica | | Theaceae | Camellia |
| Camellia sasanqua | Thea sasanqua, Sasanqua vulgaris, Sasanqua odorata | Theaceae | Sasankwa |
| Camellia sinensis | | Theaceae | Tea |
| Camonea umbellata | Convolvulus umbellatus, Merremia umbellata, Ipomoea polyanthes | Convolvulaceae | Hogvine |
| Camonea umbellata | Convolvulus umbellatus, Merremia umbellata, Ipomoea polyanthes | Convolvulaceae | Yellow Hogvine |
| Camonea vitifolia | Merremia vitifolia, Convolvulus vitifolius, Ipomoea vitifolia | Convolvulaceae | Grape-leaf Wood Rose |
| Campanula argyrotricha | | Campanulaceae | Silver-Haired Bellflower |
| Campanula aristata | Campanula aristata var. longisepala, Campanula cylindrica | Campanulaceae | Long-Sepal Bellflower |
| Campanula cana | Campanula tortuosa, Campanula aprica | Campanulaceae | Hoary Bellflower |
| Campanula cashmeriana | Campanula kashmiriana, Campanula ruderalis | Campanulaceae | Kashmir Bellflower |
| Campanula dimorphantha | Campanula benthamii, Campanula veronicifolia, Campanula canescens | Campanulaceae | Two-Form Bellflower |
| Campanula immodesta | Campanula modesta | Campanulaceae | Modest Bellflower |
| Campanula incurva | Campanula leutweinii | Campanulaceae | Evia Bellflower |
| Campanula latifolia | | Campanulaceae | Large Bellflower |
| Campanula medium 'Calycanthema' | Campanula medium var. calycanthema | Campanulaceae | Cup and Saucer Bellflower |
| Campanula medium | | Campanulaceae | Canterbury Bells |
| Campanula pallida | Campanula colorata, Campanula himalayensis, Campanula hoffmeisteri, Campanula ramulosa | Campanulaceae | Himalayan Bellflower |
| Campanula pallida Wall. var. tibetica | Campanula colorata var. tibetica | Campanulaceae | Tibetan Pale Bellflower |
| Campanula staintonii | | Campanulaceae | Purple-Bud Bellflower |
| Campanula wattiana | | Campanulaceae | Purple Open Bellflower |
| Campsis grandiflora | Campsis chinensis, Bignonia chinensis, Tecoma chinensis | Bignoniaceae | Chinese Trumpet Creeper |
| Campsis radicans | | Bignoniaceae | Trumpet Creeper |
| Campsis x tagliabuana | | Bignoniaceae | Madame Galen Trumpet Creeper |
| Campylanthus pungens | | Plantaginaceae | Spiny Curved-Flower |
| Campylospermum serratum | Gomphia serrata, Campylospermum beccarianum, Campylospermum wallichianum | Ochnaceae | Toothed-Leaf Gomphia |
| Campylotropis falconeri | Campylotropis drummondii, Campylotropis meeboldii | Fabaceae | Roundleaf Pea-Shrub |
| Campylotropis macrostyla | Crotalaria macrostyla, Lespedeza macrostyla | Fabaceae | Long-Tailed Pea-Shrub |
| Campylotropis speciosa | Lespedeza speciosa | Fabaceae | Showy Pea-Shrub |
| Campylotropis stenocarpa | Oxyramphis stenocarpa, Lespedeza stenocarpa | Fabaceae | Narrow-Pod Pea-Shrub |
| Cananga odorata | Uvaria odorata | Annonaceae | Ylang Ylang |
| Cananga odorata var. fruticosa | Cananga fruticosa, Cananga kirkii | Annonaceae | Dwarf Ylang Ylang |
| Canavalia ensiformis | | Fabaceae | Horse Bean |
| Canavalia gladiata | Dolichos gladiatus | Fabaceae | Sword Bean |
| Canavalia rosea | Canavalia lineata sensu auct., Canavalia maritima | Fabaceae | Beach Bean |
| Cannabis sativa | Cannabis indica, Cannabis chinensis, Cannabis generalis | Cannabaceae | Marijuana |
| Canna indica | | Cannaceae | Indian Shot |
| Canna spp. | | Cannaceae | Canna |
| Canscora alata | Exacum alatum, Canscora decussata, Pladera decussata | Gentianaceae | Winged-Stem Canscora |
| Canscora andrographioides | Canscora trinervia, Canscora melastomacea | Gentianaceae | Melastome Canscora |
| Canscora diffusa | Canscora khandalensis, Canscora kirkii, Canscora sanjappae | Gentianaceae | Spreading Canscora |
| Canscora heteroclita | Canscora sessiliflora, Gentiana heteroclita, Exacum heteroclitum | Gentianaceae | Stalkless Canscora |
| Canscora perfoliata | Canscora grandiflora, Pladera alata | Gentianaceae | Pierced Leaf Canscora |
| Canscora stricta | Canscora devendrae, Canscorinella stricta | Gentianaceae | Erect Canscora |
| Canscora tetraptera | Canscora diffusa var. tetraptera | Gentianaceae | Four-Wing Canscora |
| Cansjera rheedei | Cansjera lanceolata, Cansjera zizyphifolia, Cansjera malabarica | Opiliaceae | Malabar False Olive |
| Canthium angustifolium | Dondisia leschenaultii, Canthium leschenaultii, Canthium trachystyle | Rubiaceae | Narrow Leaved Canthium |
| Canthium coromandelicum | Canthium parviflorum, Plectronia parviflora, Paederia valli-kara, Webera tetrandra | Rubiaceae | Coromandel Boxwood |
| Capillipedium assimile | Andropogon assimilis, Bothriochloa assimilis, Dichanthium assimile | Poaceae | Mountain Scented-Top |
| Capillipedium huegelii | Andropogon huegelii, Capillipedium foetidum, Capillipedium schmidii | Poaceae | Stinking Scented-Top |
| Capparis acutifolia | Capparis chinensis, Capparis kikuchii, Capparis tenuifolia | Capparaceae | Chinese Caper |
| Capparis assamica | Capparis gallatlyi | Capparaceae | Assam Caper |
| Capparis brevispina | Capparis wallichiana | Capparaceae | Indian Caper |
| Capparis cleghornii | | Capparaceae | Cleghorn Caper |
| Capparis decidua | | Capparaceae | Bare Caper |
| Capparis divaricata | | Capparaceae | Spreading Caper |
| Capparis diversifolia | | Capparaceae | Travancore Caper |
| Capparis fusifera | Capparis parviflora Bedd., Capparis tomentella | Capparaceae | Small-Flowered Caper |
| Capparis grandiflora | Capparis pyrifolia Wight & Arn. | Capparaceae | Large-Petal Caper |
| Capparis grandis | Capparis maxima, Capparis auricans, Capparis obovata, Capparis racemifera | Capparaceae | Tree Caper |
| Capparis incanescens | Capparis sepiaria var. incanescens | Capparaceae | Greyish Caper |
| Capparis moonii | | Capparaceae | Large Caper |
| Capparis multiflora | | Capparaceae | Many-Flowered Caper |
| Capparis olacifolia | | Capparaceae | Olax-Leaf Caper |
| Capparis rheedei | Capparis baducca, Capparis malabaria, Capparis heyneana, | Capparaceae | Malabar Caper |
| Capparis rotundifolia | Capparis longispina, Capparis orbiculata, Capparis sepiaria Wall. | Capparaceae | Round Leaf Caper |
| Capparis sabiifolia | Capparis acutifolia subsp. sabiifolia, Capparis vientianensis, Capparis sabiaefolia | Capparaceae | Sabia-Leaf Caper |
| Capparis sepiaria | | Capparaceae | Wild Caper Bush |
| Capparis spinosa subsp. cartilaginea | Capparis cartilaginea | Capparaceae | Cartilage Caper |
| Capparis spinosa subsp. spinosa var. canescens | Capparis obovata, Capparis napaulensis, Capparis leucophylla | Capparaceae | Alpine Caper Bush |
| Capparis spinosa subsp. spinosa var. parviflora | Capparis parviflora Boissier, Capparis murrayana | Capparaceae | Small-Flowered Spiny Caper |
| Capparis zeylanica | Capparis formosa, Capparis ovalifolia, Capparis rufescens | Capparaceae | Ceylon Caper |
| Capsella bursa-pastoris | | Brassicaceae | Shepherd's Purse |
| Capsicum annuum 'Black Hungarian' | | Solanaceae | Hungarian Black Chilli |
| Capsicum annuum | | Solanaceae | Capsicum |
| Capsicum annuum | | Solanaceae | Chilli |
| Capsicum annuum var. annuum | Capsicum annuum var. cerasiforme | Solanaceae | Cherry Pepper |
| Capsicum chinense x Capsicum frutescens | | Solanaceae | Tezpur Chilli |
| Capsicum frutescens | Capsicum annuum var. frutescens, Capsicum indicum | Solanaceae | Bird Chilli |
| Caragana brevispina | | Fabaceae | Long-Stalked Peashrub |
| Caragana versicolor | | Fabaceae | Ladakh Peashrub |
| Carallia brachiata | Diatoma brachiata, Petalotoma brachiata, Carallia arguta | Rhizophoraceae | Freshwater Mangrove |
| Caralluma bicolor | | Apocynaceae | Bicolor Caralluma |
| Caralluma fimbriata | Ceropegia adscendens var. fimbriata | Apocynaceae | Caralluma |
| Caralluma stalagmifera | Caralluma stalagmifera var. longipetala, Caralluma stalagmifera var. intermedia | Apocynaceae | Dark Purple Caralluma |
| Cardamine flexuosa | Cardamine hirsuta ssp. flexuosa, Cardamine muscosa, Cardamine sylvatica | Brassicaceae | Wood Bitter Cress |
| Cardamine hirsuta | | Brassicaceae | Hairy Bitter Cress |
| Cardamine impatiens | Cardamine apetala, Cardamine basisagittata, Cardamine saxatilis | Brassicaceae | Narrowleaf Bittercress |
| Cardamine loxostemonoides | Cardamine tibetana, Loxostemon incanus | Brassicaceae | Cuckoo Flower |
| Cardamine macrophylla | Cardamine polyphylla | Brassicaceae | Toothwort |
| Cardamine trichocarpa | Cardamine subumbellata, Cardamine belgaumensis, Cardamine nilagirica | Brassicaceae | Yellow Bitter Cress |
| Cardiocrinum giganteum | Lilium giganteum | Liliaceae | Giant Himalayan Lily |
| Cardiospermum corindum | Cardiospermum canescens | Sapindaceae | Small Balloon Vine |
| Cardiospermum halicacabum | | Sapindaceae | Balloon Vine |
| Carduus edelbergii | Carduus nutans var. lucidus | Asteraceae | West-Himalayan Cotton Thistle |
| Carex atrofusca | Carex ustulata, Trasus ustulatus, Proteocarpus atrofuscus | Cyperaceae | Scorched Alpine Sedge |
| Carex baccans | | Cyperaceae | Crimson Seeded Sedge |
| Carex clavispica | Kobresia duthiei | Cyperaceae | Club-Spike Sedge |
| Carex cruciata | Carex bengalensis, Carex hakkuensis, Carex valida | Cyperaceae | Cross Grass |
| Carex esenbeckii | Carex mutans, Carex polygyna, Carex trinervis | Cyperaceae | Three-Nerve Sedge |
| Carex fedia | Carex chaetogyne, Carex sinomairei, Carex wallichiana | Cyperaceae | Valerian Sedge |
| Carex gracilenta | Carex duthiei, Carex infuscata var. gracilenta, Carex alpina var. gracilenta | Cyperaceae | Graceful Sedge |
| Carex nigerrima | | Cyperaceae | Black Himalayan Sedge |
| Carex nivalis | Carex griffithii, Carex gilesii | Cyperaceae | Alpine Sedge |
| Carex ovoidispica | Kobresia nitens | Cyperaceae | Ovoid Alpine Sedge |
| Carex stenophylla subsp. stenophylloides | Carex stenophylloides, Carex discessa, Carex dimorphotheca | Cyperaceae | Narrow-Leaf Himalayan Sedge |
| Careya arborea | | Lecythidaceae | Wild Guava |
| Carica papaya | | Caricaceae | Papaya |
| Carissa carandas | Arduina carandas, Echites spinosus, Jasminonerium carandas | Apocynaceae | Karanda |
| Carissa macrocarpa | Carissa grandiflora, Arduina macrocarpa, Arduina grandiflora | Apocynaceae | Natal Plum |
| Carissa spinarum | Carissa hirsuta, Carissa diffusa, Carissa opaca | Apocynaceae | Wild Karanda |
| Carlemannia tetragona | Carlemannia henryi, Carlemannia sumatrana | Carlemanniaceae | Tetragonal Carlemannia |
| Caroxylon imbricatum | Salsola imbricata, Salsola baryosma, Salsola foetida | Amaranthaceae | Overlapping-Flowers Saltwort |
| Carpesium abrotanoides | | Asteraceae | Pig's Head |
| Carpesium cernuum | Carpesium taquetii, Carpesium glossophylloides | Asteraceae | Nodding Carpesium |
| Carpesium trachelifolium | | Asteraceae | Rough-Leaf Pig's Head |
| Carpinus viminea | Carpinus davidii, Carpinus fargesii, Carpinus macrostachya | Betulaceae | Himalayan Hornbeam |
| Carthamus lanatus | Carthamus albus, Centaurea lanata, Atractylis lutea | Asteraceae | Saffron Thistle |
| Carthamus oxyacanthus | Carthamus flavescens, Carthamus oxyacantha | Asteraceae | Wild Safflower |
| Carthamus tinctorius | Carduus tinctorius, Centaurea carthamus, Carthamus tinctorius var. tinctorius | Asteraceae | Safflower |
| Carya illinoiensis | Carya pecan, Juglans pecan, Juglans oliviformis | Juglandaceae | Pecan Walnut |
| Caryota urens | | Arecaceae | Fishtail Palm |
| Cascabela thevetia | Thevetia neriifolia, Thevetia peruviana | Apocynaceae | Mexican Oleander |
| Casearia graveolens | | Salicaceae | Chilla |
| Casearia tomentosa | | Salicaceae | Toothed Leaf Chilla |
| Casearia vareca | Guidonia vareca | Salicaceae | East-Himalayan Casearia |
| Casimiroa edulis | | Rutaceae | White Sapote |
| Cassia agnes | Cassia javanica var. agnes de Wit | Caesalpiniaceae | Agnes Cassia |
| Cassia fistula | | Caesalpiniaceae | Amaltas |
| Cassia grandis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Coral Shower Tree |
| Cassia javanica subsp. agnes | Cassia javanica subsp. nodosa, Cassia nodosa, Cassia indochinensis | Caesalpiniaceae | Java Cassia |
| Cassia moschata | Cathartocarpus moschatus | Caesalpiniaceae | Bronze Shower Tree |
| Cassia renigera | Cassia javanica subsp. renigera | Caesalpiniaceae | Burmese Pink Cassia |
| Cassia roxburghii | | Caesalpiniaceae | Red Cassia |
| Cassia x nealiae | Cassia javanica x fistula | Caesalpiniaceae | Rainbow Shower Tree |
| Cassia x nealiae | Cassia javanica x fistula | Caesalpiniaceae | White Rainbow Shower Tree |
| Cassine glauca | Elaeodendron glaucum, Mangifera glauca, Elaeodendron paniculatum | Celastraceae | Ceylon Tea |
| Cassine paniculata | Elaeodendron paniculatum | Celastraceae | Panicled Cassine |
| Cassiope fastigiata | Andromeda fastigiata | Ericaceae | Himalayan Heather |
| Cassytha filiformis | Cassytha americana, Cassytha aphylla, Cassytha zeylanica | Lauraceae | Love Vine |
| Castanea sativa | | Fagaceae | Sweet Chestnut |
| Castanospermum australe | | Fabaceae | Australian Chestnut |
| Casuarina equisetifolia | | Casuarinaceae | Whistling Pine |
| Catalpa bignonioides | Bignonia catalpa, Bignonia spectabilis, Catalpa cordifolia | Bignoniaceae | Indian Bean Tree |
| Catalpa speciosa | Catalpa bignonioides var. speciosa | Bignoniaceae | Northern Catalpa |
| Catamixis baccharoides | | Asteraceae | Baccharis Catamixis |
| Catesbaea spinosa | Catesbaea longiflora, Catesbaea macrantha | Rubiaceae | Lily Thorn |
| Catha edulis | Catha glauca, Celastrus edulis, Catha inermis | Celastraceae | Qaat |
| Catharanthus pusillus | Lochnera pusilla, Vinca pusilla | Apocynaceae | Tiny Periwinkle |
| Catharanthus roseus | Vinca rosea, Pervinca rosea | Apocynaceae | Periwinkle |
| Cathcartia villosa | Meconopsis villosa, Papaver cathcartia | Papaveraceae | Himalayan Woodland Poppy |
| Cattleya cernua | Sophronia cernua, Sophronitis cernua | Orchidaceae | Nodding Cattleya |
| Cattleya labiata | | Orchidaceae | Cattleya Orchid |
| Cattleya lobata | Laelia lobata, Bletia lobata | Orchidaceae | Lobed Cattleya |
| Catunaregam spinosa | Gardenia spinosa, Randia spinosa, Xeromphis spinosa | Rubiaceae | Mountain Pomegranate |
| Caudanthera edulis | Caralluma edulis, Caralluma vittata, Ceropegia edulis | Apocynaceae | Rush Milkweed |
| Caulokaempferia secunda | Monolophus secundus, Kaempferia secunda, Costus secundus | Zingiberaceae | Pink Orchid Ginger |
| Caulokaempferia sikkimensis | Kaempferia sikkimensis, Monolophus sikkimensis | Zingiberaceae | Sikkim Orchid Ginger |
| Causonis trifolia | Cissus trifolia, Vitis trifolia, Vitis carnosa, Cayratia trifolia | Vitaceae | Bush Grape |
| Cautleya gracilis var. gracilis | Cautleya cathcartii, Cautleya lutea var. robusta | Zingiberaceae | Slender Yellow Ginger |
| Cautleya gracilis var. robusta | Cautleya cathcartii, Cautleya lutea var. robusta | Zingiberaceae | Hardy Yellow Ginger |
| Cautleya spicata | Roscoea spicata | Zingiberaceae | Spiked Shade Ginger |
| Cayratia pedata | Vitis pedata, Cissus pedata, Cissus serratifolia | Vitaceae | Birdfoot Grape-Vine |
| Cebatha pendula | Cocculus ellipticus, Cocculus pendulus, Cocculus laevis | Menispermaceae | Pilwan |
| Cedrus deodara | | Pinaceae | Devdar |
| Ceiba insignis | Chorisia insignis | Malvaceae | White Floss Silk Tree |
| Ceiba pentandra | | Malvaceae | Kapok Tree |
| Ceiba speciosa | Chorisia speciosa | Malvaceae | Floss Silk Tree |
| Celastrus paniculatus | Celastrus dependens | Celastraceae | Black Oil Plant |
| Celosia argentea | Celosia japonica, Celosia stricta, Celosia plumosa | Amaranthaceae | Silver Cockscomb |
| Celosia cristata 'Century' | | Amaranthaceae | Cockscomb Plumed |
| Celosia cristata | Celosia argentea var. cristata, Celosia pyramidalis, Celosia aurea | Amaranthaceae | Cockscomb Crested |
| Celtis australis | Celtis alpina, Celtis lutea, Celtis serrata | Cannabaceae | Mediterranean Hackberry |
| Celtis philippensis | Celtis laurifolia, Celtis philippensis var. wightii | Cannabaceae | South-Asian Hackberry |
| Celtis tetrandra | Celtis serotina, Celtis trinervia | Ulmaceae | Eastern Nettle Tree |
| Cenchrus americanus | Pennisetum glaucum, Panicum indicum | Poaceae | Bajra |
| Cenchrus biflorus | Cenchrus barbatus, Cenchrus rajasthanensis, Cenchrus triflorus | Poaceae | Indian Sandbur |
| Cenchrus ciliaris | Pennisetum ciliare, Cenchrus longifolius | Poaceae | Buffel Grass |
| Cenchrus clandestinus | Pennisetum clandestinum, Pennisetum inclusum | Poaceae | Kikuyu Grass |
| Cenchrus echinatus | Cenchrus crinitus, Cenchrus pungens, Cenchrus insularis | Poaceae | Spiny Burrgrass |
| Cenchrus orientalis | Panicum orientale, Pennisetum oriental, Pennisetum tenue | Poaceae | Oriental Fountain Grass |
| Cenchrus pedicellatus | Pennisetum pedicellatum | Poaceae | Deenanath Grass |
| Cenchrus pennisetiformis | Cenchrus echinoides, Cenchrus rigidifolius, Pennisetum pennisetiforme | Poaceae | Fountain Buffel Grass |
| Cenchrus prieurii | Cenchrus hystrix, Pennisetum prieurii, Cenchrus macrostachyus | Poaceae | Large-Spike Buffel Grass |
| Cenchrus purpureus | Pennisetum purpureum, Pennisetum pallescens, Pennisetum flexispica | Poaceae | Napier Grass |
| Cenchrus setaceus | Pennisetum spectabile, Pennisetum setaceum, Pennisetum parisii | Poaceae | Purple Fountain Grass |
| Cenchrus setigerus | Cenchrus montanus, Cenchrus bulbifer, Cenchrus uniflorus | Poaceae | Birdwood Grass |
| Centaurea cyanus | | Asteraceae | Cornflower |
| Centaurea iberica | | Asteraceae | Iberian Star Thistle |
| Centaurium pulchellum | Erythraea meyeri, Centaurium meyeri, Centaurium centaurioides | Gentianaceae | Pink Centaury |
| Centella asiatica | Centella hirtella, Hydrocotyle asiatica, Hydrocotyle reniformis | Apiaceae | Indian Pennywort |
| Centipeda minima | Artemisia minima, Centipeda orbicularis, Cotula minima, Grangea minima | Asteraceae | Spreading Sneeze Weed |
| Centranthera grandiflora | Centranthera maxima, Razumovia grandiflora | Orobanchaceae | Large Spur-Anther Flower |
| Centranthera indica | | Orobanchaceae | Indian Spur-Anther Flower |
| Centranthera nepalensis | Centranthera cochinchinensis var. nepalensis, Centranthera hispida | Orobanchaceae | Nepal Spur-Anther Flower |
| Centranthera tranquebarica | Centranthera lepidota, Centranthera humifusa, Digitalis roxburghii | Orobanchaceae | Tranquebar Spur-Anther Flower |
| Centratherum punctatum | Centratherum muticum | Asteraceae | Brazilian Button Flower |
| Centrolobium microchaete | Centrolobium minus, Centrolobium robustum var. microchaete | Fabaceae | Canarywood Tree |
| Centrosema molle | Centrosema pubescens sensu auct., non Benth. | Fabaceae | Spurred Butterfly Pea |
| Ceodes umbellifera | Pisonia umbellifera, Pisonia excelsa, Pisonia macrocarpa | Nyctaginaceae | Lettuce Tree |
| Cephalanthera longifolia | Serapias helleborine var. longifolia | Orchidaceae | Sword Leaved Helleborine |
| Cephalotaxus griffithii | | Cephalotaxaceae | Lanceleaf Plum Yew |
| Cerastium cerastoides | Stellaria cerastoides, Cerastium elegans, Dichodon cerastoides | Caryophyllaceae | Mountain Chickweed |
| Cerastium davuricum | Cerastium amplexicaule, Cerastium dahuricum, Dichodon dahuricum | Caryophyllaceae | Siberian Chickweed |
| Cerastium fontanum subsp. membranaceum | Cerastium vulgatum var. membranaceum | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Mouse-Ear Chickweed |
| Cerastium glomeratum | Cerastium viscosioides, Cerastium fontanum subsp. triviale, Stellaria glomerata | Caryophyllaceae | Sticky Chickweed |
| Cerastium holosteoides | Cerastium fontanum subsp. holosteoides, Cerastium vulgatum var. tibeticum, Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare | Caryophyllaceae | Common Mouse-Ear Chickweed |
| Cerastium pusillum | Cerastium alpinum var. glanduliferum, Cerastium vulgatum var. leiopetalum | Caryophyllaceae | Tiny Chickweed |
| Cerastium tomentosum | | Caryophyllaceae | Snow-in-Summer |
| Ceratostylis himalaica | Ceratostylis ritaia, Ritaia himalaica, Eria ramosissima | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Horn-Lip Orchid |
| Cerbera manghas | Cerbera venenifera, Tanghinia venenifera | Apocynaceae | Sea Mango |
| Cerbera odollam | Cerbera dilatata, Odollamia malabarica, Tanghinia odollam | Apocynaceae | Suicide Tree |
| Cercis siliquastrum | Siliquastrum orbicularis | Fabaceae | Judas Tree |
| Cereus hildmannianus | Cereus peruvianus, Cactus peruvianus | Cactaceae | Hedge Cactus |
| Cereus pterogonus | | Cactaceae | Columnar Cactus |
| Ceriops tagal | | Rhizophoraceae | Tagal Mangrove |
| Ceriscoides turgida | Gardenia turgida, Gardenia montana | Rubiaceae | Mountain Gardenia |
| Ceropegia anantii | | Apocynaceae | Narrow-Cage Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia andamanica | | Apocynaceae | Andaman Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia anjanerica | | Apocynaceae | Anjaneri Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia ariyittaparensis | | Apocynaceae | Ariyittapara Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia attenuata | | Apocynaceae | Tender Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia attenuatula | Brachystelma attenuatum, Eriopetalum attenuatum | Apocynaceae | Himalayan Spider Star |
| Ceropegia beddomei | | Apocynaceae | Kerala Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia bulbosa | Ceropegia edulis Hort. ex Decne., Ceropegia esculenta | Apocynaceae | Bulbous Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia candelabrum subsp. candelabrum | Ceropegia candelabriformis, Ceropegia elliottii, Ceropegia longiflora, Ceropegia mucronata | Apocynaceae | Candlestick Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia candelabrum subsp. tuberosa | Ceropegia biflora, Ceropegia candelabrum var. biflora, Ceropegia candelabrum var. tuberosa, Ceropegia tuberosa | Apocynaceae | Beaked Candlestick Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia concanensis | | Apocynaceae | Konkan Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia decaisneana | Ceropegia brevicaulis, Ceropegia gracilis, Ceropegia decaisneana var. brevicollis | Apocynaceae | Short-Stem Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia elegans | Ceropegia gardneri, Ceropegia mysorensis | Apocynaceae | Mysore Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia ensifolia | Ceropegia albiflora, Ceropegia ciliata subsp. ensifolia | Apocynaceae | Sword-Leaf Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia evansii | | Apocynaceae | Heartleaf Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia fantastica | | Apocynaceae | Fantastic Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia fimbriifera | | Apocynaceae | Purple-Hairy Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia gardneri | Ceropegia elegans var. gardneri | Apocynaceae | Kanara Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia gigantea | Stapelia gigantea, Stapelia nobilis | Apocynaceae | Zulu Giant |
| Ceropegia hirsuta | Ceropegia hispida, Ceropegia jacquemontiana, Ceropegia ophiocephala | Apocynaceae | Hairy Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia huberi | | Apocynaceae | Snow-White Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia intermedia | Ceropegia candelabrum Thw., Ceropegia tuberosa Wall. | Apocynaceae | Intermediate Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia jainii | Ceropegia prainii | Apocynaceae | Jaini Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia juncea | | Apocynaceae | Leafless Goglet Flower |
| Ceropegia karulensis | | Apocynaceae | Karul Ghat Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia lawii | Ceropegia maharashtrensis | Apocynaceae | Maharashtra Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia longifolia | Ceropegia angustifolia, Ceropegia lanceolata, Ceropegia borii | Apocynaceae | Longleaf Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia lucida | | Apocynaceae | Shining Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia maccannii | Ceropegia lawii var. maccannii | Apocynaceae | Yellow-Head Grey Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia macrantha | | Apocynaceae | Large-Flowered Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia maculata | Ceropegia schumanniana | Apocynaceae | Spotted Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia mahabalei | | Apocynaceae | Ralegaon Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia malwanensis | Brachystelma malwanense, Brachystelma naorojii | Apocynaceae | Malwan Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia media | | Apocynaceae | Medium Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia mohanramii | | Apocynaceae | Green-Flask Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia noorjahaniae | | Apocynaceae | Noorjahan Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia oculata | | Apocynaceae | Peacock Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia odorata | Ceropegia blatteri | Apocynaceae | Fragrant Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia omissa | Ceropegia intermedia var. wightii | Apocynaceae | Neglected Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia panchganiensis | | Apocynaceae | Panchgani Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia pubescens | | Apocynaceae | Yellow Himalayan Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia pullaiahiana | Brachystelma pullaiahii | Apocynaceae | Andhra Spider Star |
| Ceropegia pusilla | | Apocynaceae | Weak Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia rapinatiana | Brachystelma rapinatianum | Apocynaceae | Tamilnadu Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia ravikumariana | | Apocynaceae | Grass-Leaved Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia rollae | | Apocynaceae | Broadleaf White Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia sahyadrica | | Apocynaceae | Sahyadri Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia santapaui | | Apocynaceae | White Flattened Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia shrirangii | Brachystelma shrirangii | Apocynaceae | Short-Tube Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia spiralis | | Apocynaceae | Spiral Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia vincifolia | Ceropegia hirsuta var. vincifolia | Apocynaceae | Vinca-Leaved Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia wallichii | | Apocynaceae | West-Himalayan Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia woodii | Ceropegia linearis subsp. woodii | Apocynaceae | Chain of Hearts |
| Cestrum aurantiacum | | Solanaceae | Orange Cestrum |
| Cestrum diurnum | Cestrum laurifolium, Cestrum fastigiatum, Cestrum album | Solanaceae | Day Jasmine |
| Cestrum elegans | Cestrum purpureum, Cestrum rubrum, Cestrum smithii | Solanaceae | Elegant Cestrum |
| Cestrum nocturnum | Cestrum multiflorum, Cestrum scandens | Solanaceae | Night Blooming Jasmine |
| Cestrum parqui | | Solanaceae | Green Cestrum |
| Cestrum x cultum 'Cretan Purple' | Cestrum purpureum, Habrothamnus purpureus, Habrothamnus elegans | Solanaceae | Purple Cestrum |
| Chaenomeles japonica | Cydonia japonica, Pyrus japonica | Rosaceae | Japanese Flowering Quince |
| Chaerophyllum reflexum var. acuminatum | Chaerophyllum acuminatum | Apiaceae | Himalayan Chervil |
| Chaerophyllum reflexum var. reflexum | Chaerophyllum cachemiricum | Apiaceae | Kashmir Chervil |
| Chaerophyllum villosum | Anthriscus boissieui, Chaerophyllum reflexum | Apiaceae | Hairy Chervil |
| Chamaecrista absus | Cassia absus, Senna absus, Grimaldia absus | Caesalpiniaceae | Tropical Sensitive Pea |
| Chamaecrista mimosoides | Cassia mimosoides, Cassia sensitiva | Caesalpiniaceae | Feather-leaved Cassia |
| Chamaecrista nictitans | Cassia lechenaultiana, Cassia aeschinomene, Chamaecrista aeschinomene | Caesalpiniaceae | Partridge Pea |
| Chamaecrista nigricans | Cassia nigricans | Caesalpiniaceae | Black Grain |
| Chamaecrista pumila | Cassia pumila, Senna prostrata, Cassia prostrata | Caesalpiniaceae | Dwarf Cassia |
| Chamaedorea elegans | Chamaedorea pulchella | Arecaceae | Parlor Palm |
| Chamaedorea metallica | | Arecaceae | Metal Palm |
| Chamaedorea seifrizii | Chamaedorea erumpens, Meiota campechana | Arecaceae | Bamboo Palm |
| Chascanum hyderabadense | Verbena hyderabadensis, Verbena mysorensis, Bouchea hyderabadensis | Verbenaceae | Hyderabad Verbena |
| Chassalia curviflora var. curviflora | Chassalia lurida, Chassalia sanguiana | Rubiaceae | Curved Flower Chassalia |
| Chassalia curviflora var. longifolia | Chassalia longifolia | Rubiaceae | Long-Leaved Chassalia |
| Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides | Chassalia ophioxyloides, Chassalia ambigua, Psychotria ophioxyloides | Rubiaceae | Curved Flower Snake Chassalia |
| Cheirostylis flabellata | Goodyera flabellata, Monochilus flabellatus | Orchidaceae | Small Fan Velvet Orchid |
| Cheirostylis griffithii | Cheirostylis macrantha | Orchidaceae | Large Velvet Orchid |
| Cheirostylis parvifolia | Cheirostylis seidenfadeniana, | Orchidaceae | Small-Flowered Velvet Orchid |
| Cheirostylis yunnanensis | Cheirostylis josephi, Cheirostylis pabongensis, Cheirostylis munnacampensis | Orchidaceae | Yunnan Velvet Orchid |
| Cheniella corymbosa | Bauhinia corymbosa, Phanera corymbosa | Caesalpiniaceae | Orchid Vine |
| Cheniella glauca | Bauhinia glauca, Phanera glauca, Bauhinia micrantha | Caesalpiniaceae | Glaucous Climbing Bauhinia |
| Chenopodiastrum murale | Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium biforme, Chenopodium ilicifolium | Chenopodiaceae | Nettle-Leaved Goosefoot |
| Chenopodium album | Anserina candidans, Atriplex viridis, Chenopodium album | Amaranthaceae | Bathua |
| Chenopodium giganteum | Chenopodium album subsp. amaranthicolor, Chenopodium purpurascens | Amaranthaceae | Purple Goosefoot |
| Chenopodium quinoa | Chenopodium album subsp. quinoa, Chenopodium punctulatum | Amaranthaceae | Quinoa |
| Chesneya cuneata | Calophaca cuneata, Caragana cuneata, Gueldenstaedtia cuneata | Fabaceae | Wedge-Leaf Chesneya |
| Chesneya nubigena | Spongiocarpella nubigena, Astragalus nubigenus | Fabaceae | High-Altitude Chesneya |
| Chiloschista parishii | | Orchidaceae | Indo-China Split-Lip Orchid |
| Chiloschista usneoides | Epidendrum usneoides, Sarcochilus usneoides | Orchidaceae | Lichen Split-Lip Orchid |
| Chimonanthus praecox | | Calycanthaceae | Wintersweet |
| Chionanthus henryanus | Chionanthus helferi, Linociera henryi | Oleaceae | Burma Fringe Tree |
| Chionanthus mala-elengi | Chionanthus malabaricus, Forsythia mala-elengi, Linociera malabarica | Oleaceae | Malabar Fringe Tree |
| Chionanthus ramiflorus | Linociera ramiflora, Linociera pauciflora, Olea roxburghii | Oleaceae | Northern Olive |
| Chloranthus elatior | Chloranthus erectus, Chloranthus officinalis, Chloranthus salicifolius | Chloranthaceae | Tall Chloranthus |
| Chloris barbata | | Poaceae | Swollen Finger Grass |
| Chloris bournei | | Poaceae | Deccan Finger Grass |
| Chloris flagellifera | Panicum compressum, Eleusine compressa, Ochthochloa compressa | Poaceae | Wire Grass |
| Chlorophytum arundinaceum | Anthericum tuberosum | Asparagaceae | East-Himalayan Spider Plant |
| Chlorophytum assamicum | | Asparagaceae | Assam Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum bharuchae | | Asparagaceae | Phulbaji |
| Chlorophytum borivilianum | | Asparagaceae | Safed Musli |
| Chlorophytum breviscapum | | Asparagaceae | Short Scaped Spider Plant |
| Chlorophytum comosum | | Asparagaceae | Spider Plant |
| Chlorophytum filipendulum | | Asparagaceae | African Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum glaucoides | | Asparagaceae | Glaucous Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum glaucum | Anthericum nimmonii, Hartwegia nimmonii | Asparagaceae | Scaly-Stem Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum gothanense | | Asparagaceae | Gothane Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum heynei | Anthericum heynei, Chlorophytum clivorum, Chlorophytum heyneanum | Asparagaceae | Hill Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum indicum | Chlorophytum attenuatum, | Asparagaceae | Indian Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum kolhapurense | | Asparagaceae | Kolhapur Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum laxum | Chlorophytum laxiflorum, Chlorophytum acaule, Chlorophytum javanicum | Asparagaceae | Zebra Grass |
| Chlorophytum malabaricum | | Asparagaceae | Malabar Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum nepalense | Chlorophytum khasianum, Liliago nepalensis, Chlorophytum undulatum | Asparagaceae | Nepal Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum nimmonii | | Asparagaceae | Lax-Flowered Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum tuberosum | | Asparagaceae | Edible Chlorophytum |
| Chloroxylon swietenia | Swietenia chloroxylon | Rutaceae | Ceylon Satinwood |
| Chondrilla juncea | | Asteraceae | Rush Skeleton-Weed |
| Chonemorpha fragrans | Chonemorpha grandiflora, Echites fragrans, Chonemorpha elliptica | Apocynaceae | Frangipani Vine |
| Chonemorpha griffithii | Beluttakaka griffithii, Chonemorpha macrantha, Chonemorpha valvata | Apocynaceae | Large-Flower Frangipani Vine |
| Chorispora sabulosa | Chorispora elegans, Chorispermum elegans | Brassicaceae | Elegant Musk-Mustard |
| Chorispora tenella | Chorispermum tenellum, Raphanus tenellus, Cheiranthus taraxacifolius | Brassicaceae | Blue Musk-Mustard |
| Christia vespertilionis | Christia lunata, Hedysarum vespertilionis, Hedysarum versicolor | Fabaceae | Red Butterfly Wing |
| Christisonia bicolor | Christisonia aurantiaca, Cliffordia bicolor, Christisonia pallida | Orobanchaceae | Bicolor Christisonia |
| Christisonia calcarata | Christisonia lawii, Christisonia stocksii | Orobanchaceae | Spurred Christisonia |
| Christisonia tubulosa | | Orobanchaceae | Magenta Ghost Flower |
| Christolea crassifolia | Christolea afghanica, Ermania crassifolia, Koelzia afghanica | Brassicaceae | Afghani Christolea |
| Chromolaena odorata | Eupatorium odoratum | Asteraceae | Siam Weed |
| Chrozophora rottleri | Croton rottleri | Euphorbiaceae | Suryavarti |
| Chrysanthellum americanum | Chrysanthellum procumbens, Chrysanthellina gracilis, Chrysanthellina swartzii | Asteraceae | Golden Chrysanthemum |
| Chrysanthemum indicum | Matricaria indica, Dendranthema indicum | Asteraceae | Indian Chrysanthemum |
| Chrysanthemum x morifolium | Dendranthema x morifolium, Dendranthema x grandiflorum | Asteraceae | Chrysanthemum |
| Chrysoglossum ornatum | Chrysoglossum erraticum, Chrysoglossum maculatum, Chrysoglossum gibbsiae | Orchidaceae | Adorned Golden-Tongue Orchid |
| Chrysojasminum humile | Jasminum humile, Jasminum wallichianum, Jasminum revolutum | Oleaceae | Yellow Jasmine |
| Chrysojasminum parkeri | Jasminum parkeri | Oleaceae | Dwarf Jasmine |
| Chrysojasminum subhumile | Jasminum subhumile, Jasminum heterophyllum Roxb. , Jasminum macrophyllum | Oleaceae | East-Himalayan Yellow Jasmine |
| Chrysophyllum cainito | | Sapotaceae | Star Apple |
| Chrysophyllum oliviforme | Cynodendron oliviforme, Dactimala oliviformis, Guersentia oliviformis | Sapotaceae | Satin Leaf Tree |
| Chrysopogon aciculatus | Andropogon aciculatus, Andropogon acicularis | Poaceae | Golden Beardgrass |
| Chrysopogon fulvus | Andropogon monticola, Chrysopogon montanus | Poaceae | Reddish-Yellow Beardgrass |
| Chrysopogon gryllus | Rhaphis gryllus, Andropogon paniculatus, Andropogon gryllus | Poaceae | Scented Grass |
| Chrysopogon hackelii | Andropogon hackelii | Poaceae | Deccan Golden Beardgrass |
| Chrysopogon nodulibarbis | Andropogon nodulibarbis, Andropogon zeylanicus | Poaceae | Ceylon Beardgrass |
| Chrysopogon zizanioides | Vetiveria zizanioides, Vetiveria odorata | Poaceae | Khas |
| Chrysosplenium forrestii | | Saxifragaceae | East-Himalayan Golden-Saxifrage |
| Chrysosplenium tenellum | | Saxifragaceae | Tender Golden-Saxifrage |
| Chrysothemis pulchella | | Gesneriaceae | Sunset Bells |
| Chukrasia tabularis | | Meliaceae | Chikrasi |
| Cicer arietinum | | Fabaceae | Chickpea |
| Cicer microphyllum | Cicer jacquemontii | Fabaceae | Himalayan Chickpea |
| Cichorium intybus | | Asteraceae | Chicory |
| Cicuta virosa | | Apiaceae | Cowbane |
| Cinchona pubescens | Cinchona cordifolia, Cinchona colorata, Cinchona succirubra | Rubiaceae | Quinine |
| Cinnamomum camphora | Camphora officinarum, Laurus camphora | Lauraceae | Camphor Tree |
| Cinnamomum glanduliferum | Camphora glandulifera, Laurus glandulifera, Cinnamomum dominii | Lauraceae | Nepal Camphor Tree |
| Cinnamomum sulphuratum | | Lauraceae | Sulphur Cinnamon |
| Cinnamomum tamala | Cinnamomum albiflorum, Laurus tamala | Lauraceae | Indian Bay Leaf |
| Cinnamomum verum | Cinnamomum zeylanicum | Lauraceae | Cinnamon |
| Cipadessa baccifera | Melia baccifera, Cipadessa fruticosa | Meliaceae | Ranabili |
| Circaea alpina subsp. imaicola | Circaea minutula, Circaea imaicola | Onagraceae | Himalayan Enchanter's Nightshade |
| Circaea cordata | Circaea hybrida, Circaea cardiophylla, Circaea kitagawae | Onagraceae | Heart-Leaf Enchanter's Nightshade |
| Cirsium argyracanthum | Carduus argyracanthus, Cirsium royleanum, Cirsium tibeticum | Asteraceae | Silver-Spine Thistle |
| Cirsium arvense | Carduus arvensis, Serratula setosa, Cirsium setosum | Asteraceae | Creeping Thistle |
| Cirsium eriophoroides | | Asteraceae | Wool Bearing Thistle |
| Cirsium falconeri | | Asteraceae | Prickly Himalayan Thistle |
| Cirsium verutum | Cirsium argyracanthum, Cirsium involucratum, Cnicus argyracanthus | Asteraceae | Common Thistle |
| Cirsium wallichii | Cirsium nepalense, Cirsium macracanthum | Asteraceae | Long-Spine Thistle |
| Cissampelos pareira var. hirsuta | Cissampelos hirsuta, Cissampelos nepalensis, Cissampelos cordifolia | Menispermaceae | Velvet Leaf |
| Cissus adnata | Vitis adnata, Cissus compressa, Cissus compressa | Vitaceae | Entire-Leaf Wild Grape |
| Cissus elongata | Vitis elongata, Cayratia elongata | Vitaceae | Five-Finger Wild Grape |
| Cissus javana | Cissus discolor, Vitis discolor | Vitaceae | Climbing Begonia |
| Cissus quadrangularis | Cissus quadrangula, Cissus tetraptera, Vitis quadrangularis | Vitaceae | Veldt Grape |
| Cissus repanda | Vitis repanda, Vitis pallida | Vitaceae | Pani Bel |
| Cissus repens | Cissus cordata, Cissus glauca, Vitis repens | Vitaceae | Creeping Treebine |
| Cissus rotundifolia | Vitis crassifolia, Cissus crassifolia, Saelanthus rotundifolius | Vitaceae | Venezuelan Treebine |
| Cissus verticillata | Cissus ovata, Cissus officinalis, Cissus nitida, Cissus cordifolia | Vitaceae | Princess Vine |
| Cissus vitiginea | Cissus angulata | Vitaceae | South Indian Treebine |
| Cissus woodrowii | | Vitaceae | Maharashtra Grape Tree |
| Cistanche tubulosa | | Orobanchaceae | Desert Hyacinth |
| Citharexylum spinosum | Citharexylum fruticosum | Verbenaceae | Fiddlewood |
| Citrullus colocynthis | Cucumis colocynthis, Colocynthis vulgaris | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Apple |
| Citrullus lanatus | Citrullus vulgaris | Cucurbitaceae | Watermelon |
| Citrus aurantium | Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, Citrus vulgaris | Rutaceae | Sweet Orange |
| Citrus grandis | Citrus costata, Citrus pompelmos, Citrus maxima | Rutaceae | Pomelo |
| Citrus indica | | Rutaceae | Indian Wild Orange |
| Citrus medica | Citrus bicolor, Citrus cedra, Citrus limetta, Citrus limetta | Rutaceae | Citron |
| Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis | Citrus sarcodactylis | Rutaceae | Buddha's Hand |
| Citrus reticulata | Citrus deliciosa, Citrus tangerina | Rutaceae | Orange |
| Citrus taitensis | Citrus jambhiri Lush., Citrus aurantium subsp. jambhiri, Citrus verrucosa | Rutaceae | Indian Rough Lemon |
| Citrus x aurantiifolia | Citrus × pseudolimonum, Citrus × limonellus | Rutaceae | Lime |
| Citrus x limon | | Rutaceae | Lemon |
| Cladopus hookeriana | Podostemum hookerianum, Griffithella hookeriana | Podostemaceae | Western Ghats Riverweed |
| Clarkella nana | Ophiorrhiza nana, Clarkella siamensis, Ophiorrhiza pellucida | Rubiaceae | Dwarf Clarkella |
| Clarkia amoena subsp. lindleyi | Godetia lindleyana, Godetia grandiflora, Oenothera lindleyi | Onagraceae | Light Satin Flower |
| Clarkia amoena | | Onagraceae | Farewell to Spring |
| Clarkia pulchella | Clarkia elegans, Oenothera pulchella, Godetia pulcherrima | Onagraceae | Clarkia |
| Clausena anisata | Clausena odorata, Clausena longipes | Rutaceae | Horsewood |
| Clausena indica | Bergera nitida, Piptostylis indica | Rutaceae | Indian Wampi |
| Cleisocentron pallens | Saccolabium pallens, Cleisocentron trichromum, Gastrochilus trichromus | Orchidaceae | Pale Closed-Spur Orchid |
| Cleisostoma linearilobatum | Cleisostoma sagittiforme, Cleisostoma sikkimense, Ormerodia sagittata | Orchidaceae | Arrow-Lip Closed-Mouth Orchid |
| Cleisostoma racemiferum | Aerides racemifera, Sarcanthus tricolor, Sarcanthus pallidus | Orchidaceae | Spiked Closed-Mouth Orchid |
| Cleisostoma simondii | Echioglossum simondii, Vanda simondii | Orchidaceae | Cylindrical-Leaf Vanda |
| Cleisostoma subulatum | Cleisostoma amabile, Cymbidium flavescens, Sarcanthus subulatus | Orchidaceae | Awl-Leaf Closed-Mouth Orchid |
| Cleisostoma tenuifolium | Aerides tenuifolia, Cymbidium tenuifolium, Epidendrum tenuifolium | Orchidaceae | Tender Leaf Closed-Mouth Orchid |
| Cleisostoma williamsonii | Cleisostoma elegans, Cleisostoma elongatum, Cleisostoma hongkongense | Orchidaceae | Elegant Closed-Mouth Orchid |
| Cleistanthus collinus | Bridelia collina, Emblica palasis, Lebidieropsis collina | Phyllanthaceae | Toxic Gooseberry |
| Cleistanthus malabaricus | Lebidiera malabarica, Kaluhaburunghos malabaricus | Phyllanthaceae | Malabar Closed-Flower |
| Cleistocactus strausii | | Cactaceae | Silver Torch Cactus |
| Cleistocactus winteri | | Cactaceae | Golden Rat Tail |
| Clematis barbellata | Clematis barbellata var. obtusa | Ranunculaceae | Brown Clematis |
| Clematis buchananiana | Clematis buchananii, Clematis wattii | Ranunculaceae | Lemon Clematis |
| Clematis cadmia | Clematis bracteata, Clematis stronachii | Ranunculaceae | Eastern Blue Clematis |
| Clematis connata | | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Clematis |
| Clematis flammula | | Ranunculaceae | Fragrant Virgin's Bower |
| Clematis gouriana | Clematis indica, Clematis cana, Clematis simplicifolia, Clematis martini | Ranunculaceae | Indian Clematis |
| Clematis grata | Clematis cordata, Clematis vitalba subsp. grata | Ranunculaceae | Charming Clematis |
| Clematis hedysarifolia | Clematis naravelioides | Ranunculaceae | Konkan Clematis |
| Clematis heynei | Clematis triloba | Ranunculaceae | Deccan Clematis |
| Clematis ladakhiana | Clematis orientalis var. longifoliolata, Clematis orientalis var. acutifolia | Ranunculaceae | Ladakh Clematis |
| Clematis manipurensis | Clematis montana var. manipurensis | Ranunculaceae | Manipur Clematis |
| Clematis montana | | Ranunculaceae | Anemone Clematis |
| Clematis orientalis | Clematis orientalis var. tenuifolia | Ranunculaceae | Oriental Clematis |
| Clematis recta | | Ranunculaceae | Erect Clematis |
| Clematis roylei | | Ranunculaceae | Hanging-Bells Clematis |
| Clematis terniflora | Clematis recta subsp. terniflora | Ranunculaceae | Sweet Autumn Clematis |
| Clematis wightiana | Clematis laxiflora, Clematis grata O. Hoffm. ex Baker | Ranunculaceae | Lax-Flowered Clematis |
| Clematis x jackmanii | | Ranunculaceae | Jackman Clematis |
| Clematis zeylanica | Atragene zeylanica L., Naravelia zeylanica | Ranunculaceae | Ceylon Clematis |
| Cleome aspera | Cleome prostrata | Cleomaceae | Rough Spider Flower |
| Cleome felina | Polanisia felina | Cleomaceae | Cat Spider Flower |
| Cleome gynandra | Gynandropsis gynandra, Cleome triphylla, Cleome pentaphylla | Cleomaceae | Wild Spider Flower |
| Cleome houtteana | Tarenaya hassleriana, Tarenaya houtteana, Cleome hassleriana | Cleomaceae | Brazilian Spider Flower |
| Cleome monophylla | Cleome cordata, Cleome massae, Cleome subcordata | Cleomaceae | Spindle Pod |
| Cleome rutidosperma | Sieruela rutidosperma, Cleome dodecandra, Cleome ciliata | Cleomaceae | Fringed Spider Flower |
| Cleome rutidosperma var. burmanni | Cleome burmannii, Sieruela rutidosperma var. burmanni | Cleomaceae | Lesser Fringed Spider Flower |
| Cleome scaposa | Cleome cordata, Cleome gracilis, Cleome linearis | Cleomaceae | Heart-Leaf Tickweed |
| Cleome simplicifolia | Polanisia simplicifolia | Cleomaceae | Simple Leaved Clammyweed |
| Cleome speciosa | Cleoserrata speciosa, Cleome speciosissima | Cleomaceae | Showy Spider Flower |
| Cleome viscosa | Polanisia viscosa | Cleomaceae | Asian Spider Flower |
| Cleretum bellidiforme | Mesembryanthemum criniflorum, Dorotheanthus bellidiformis | Aizoaceae | Ice Plant |
| Clerodendrum bracteatum | Clerodendrum bracteatum var. bunnemeijeri | Verbenaceae | Bracted Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum chinense | Clerodendrum fragrans, Clerodendrum philippinum | Verbenaceae | Chinese Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum colebrookeanum | Clerodendrum ixoriflorum, Clerodendrum glandulosum | Verbenaceae | East Indian Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum indicum | Clerodendrum siphonanthus | Verbenaceae | Tubeflower |
| Clerodendrum infortunatum | Clerodendrum viscosum, Clerodendrum calycinum | Verbenaceae | Hill Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum japonicum | Volkameria japonica, Clerodendrum kaempferi, Clerodendrum squamatum | Verbenaceae | Japanese Glorybower |
| Clerodendrum paniculatum | Clerodendrum diversifolium, Volkameria diversifolia | Verbenaceae | Pagoda Flower |
| Clerodendrum phlomidis | Clerodendrum phlomidis var. rubrum | Verbenaceae | Sage Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum quadriloculare | Clerodendrum blancoanum, Ligustrum quadriloculare | Verbenaceae | Starburst Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum schmidtii | Clerodendrum hastato-oblongum | Verbenaceae | Chains of Glory |
| Clerodendrum speciosissimum | Clerodendrum pulchrum, Clerodendrum papuanum, Clerodendrum greyi | Verbenaceae | Java Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum splendens | | Verbenaceae | Flaming Glorybower |
| Clerodendrum thomsoniae | | Verbenaceae | Bleeding Heart Vine |
| Clerodendrum wallichii | Clerodendrum nutans, Clerodendrum penduliflorum | Verbenaceae | Bridal Veil |
| Clerodendrum x speciosum | | Verbenaceae | Red Bleeding Heart |
| Clidemia hirta | Melastoma elegans, Melastoma hirtum | Melastomataceae | Koster's Curse |
| Clinacanthus nutans | Justicia nutans, Clinacanthus siamensis | Acanthaceae | Sabah Snake Grass |
| Clinopodium gracile | Calamintha gracilis, Calamintha argyi, Clinopodium confine | Lamiaceae | Slender Calamint |
| Clinopodium javanicum | Calamintha repens, Clinopodium repens Benth. nom. illeg. | Lamiaceae | Trailing Calamint |
| Clinopodium umbrosum | Calamintha umbrosa, Clinopodium repens, Melissa umbrosum | Lamiaceae | Shady Calamint |
| Clintonia udensis var. alpina | Clintonia alpina, Smilacina alpina | Liliaceae | Alpine Bead Lily |
| Clitoria annua | Clitoria biflora | Fabaceae | Bombay Bean |
| Clitoria arborea | | Fabaceae | Butterfly Pea Tree |
| Clitoria ternatea | | Fabaceae | Butterfly Pea |
| Clivia miniata | Imantophyllum miniatum | Amaryllidaceae | Bush Lily |
| Clusia rosea | | Clusiaceae | Autograph Tree |
| Cnestis palala | Cnestis flaminea, Cnestis foliosa | Connaraceae | Stinging-Hair Cnestis |
| Cnidoscolus aconitifolius | Jatropha aconitifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Tree Spinach |
| Cobaea scandens | Cobaea lasseri, Rosenbergia scandens | Polemoniaceae | Cup and Saucer Vine |
| Coccinia grandis | Coccinia indica, Bryonia grandis, Cucurbita dioica | Cucurbitaceae | Ivy Gourd |
| Coccoloba uvifera | | Polygonaceae | Sea Grape |
| Cocculus hirsutus | Cocculus villosus | Menispermaceae | Broom Creeper |
| Cochlospermum religiosum | Bombax gossypium, Cochlospermum gossypium, Maximilianea gossypium | Bixaceae | Buttercup Tree |
| Cocos nucifera | | Arecaceae | Coconut |
| Codariocalyx motorius | Hedysarum motorium, Desmodium gyrans, Hedysarum gyrans | Fabaceae | Telegraph Plant |
| Codiaeum variegatum | | Euphorbiaceae | Croton |
| Codonacanthus pauciflorus | Asystasia pauciflora, Codonacanthus acuminatus | Acanthaceae | Few-Flowered Bellthorn |
| Codonacanthus sanjappae | | Acanthaceae | Andaman Bellthorn |
| Codonopsis clematidea | Codonopsis obtusa, Glosocomia clematidea, Wahlenbergia clematidea | Campanulaceae | Clematis Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis convolvulacea | | Campanulaceae | Twining Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis foetens | Codonopsis foetens subsp. foetens | Campanulaceae | Stinking Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis gracilis | Leptocodon gracilis, Campanumoea gracilis | Campanulaceae | Slender Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis lanceolata | Codonopsis bodinieri, Campanumoea lanceolata, Codonopsis yesoensis | Campanulaceae | Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis ovata | Glosocomia ovata, Wahlenbergia roylei | Campanulaceae | Kashmir Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis pilosula | Codonopsis modesta, Campanumoea pilosula, Codonopsis volubilis | Campanulaceae | Dangshen Bellflower |
| Codonopsis rotundifolia | Codonopsis lurida | Campanulaceae | Roundleaf Bellflower |
| Codonopsis thalictrifolia | Campanula thalictriflora, Codonopsis mollis, Glosocomia tenera | Campanulaceae | Soft Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis viridis | Campanula viridis, Wahlenbergia viridis, Codonopsis griffithii | Campanulaceae | Green Bonnet Bellflower |
| Coelachne simpliciuscula | Panicum simpliciusculum, Isachne simpliciuscula | Poaceae | Small Marsh Millet |
| Coelogyne alba | Broughtonia pendula, Otochilus albus | Orchidaceae | White Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne articulata | Pholidota articulata, Pholidota khasyana | Orchidaceae | Jointed Pholidota |
| Coelogyne assamica | Coelogyne annamensis, Coelogyne dichroantha, Coelogyne siamensis | Orchidaceae | Assam Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne barbata | Pleione barbata | Orchidaceae | Bearded Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne breviscapa | Pleione breviscapa, Coelogyne angustifolia | Orchidaceae | Short-Stem Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne chinensis | Pholidota chinensis, Coelogyne corniculata, Coelogyne pholas | Orchidaceae | Chinese Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne corymbosa | Pleione corymbosa | Orchidaceae | Clustered Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne cristata | | Orchidaceae | Crested Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne demissa | Dendrobium demissum, Panisea demissa, Coelogyne parviflora | Orchidaceae | Low-Lying Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne fimbriata | Pleione fimbriata | Orchidaceae | Fringed Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne flaccida | Pleione flaccida, Coelogyne esquirolii, Coelogyne flaccida var. longiracemosa | Orchidaceae | Loose Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne fusca | Otochilus fuscus, Broughtonia fusca, Otochilus lancifolius | Orchidaceae | Dusky Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne fuscescens | | Orchidaceae | Ocher Yellow Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne gardneriana | Neogyna gardneriana, Pleione gardneriana | Orchidaceae | Drooping White Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne griffithii | Pleione griffithii | Orchidaceae | Brown-Flower Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne imbricata | Pholidota imbricata, Pholidota bracteata, Pholidota crotalina | Orchidaceae | Necklace Orchid |
| Coelogyne lancilabia | Otochilus lancilabius, Otochilus albus var. lancilabius | Orchidaceae | Lance-Lip Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne longipes | Pleione longipes | Orchidaceae | Long-Stalk Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne mayeriana | | Orchidaceae | Mayer's Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne mossiae | Coelogyne glandulosa var. sathyanarayanae, Coelogyne glandulosa var. bournei | Orchidaceae | Nilgiri Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne nervosa | Coelogyne corrugata, Pleione nervosa | Orchidaceae | Veined Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne nitida | Coelogyne ochracea, Cymbidium nitidum | Orchidaceae | Shining Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne occultata | Pleione occultata, Coelogyne occultata var. uniflora | Orchidaceae | Hidden Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne odoratissima | Coelogyne angustifolia, Coelogyne trifida, Pleione odoratissima | Orchidaceae | Fragrant Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne ovalis | Coelogyne decora, Coelogyne longiciliata, Pleione fuliginosa | Orchidaceae | Oval Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne pallida | Pholidota pallida, Pholidota tixieri, Pholidota yunpeensis | Orchidaceae | Pale Pholidota |
| Coelogyne porrecta | Otochilus porrectus, Otochilus fragrans, Otochilus latifolius | Orchidaceae | Projecting Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne prolifera | Coelogyne flavida, Pleione flavida, Pleione prolifera | Orchidaceae | Prolific Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne punctulata | Coelogyne brevifolia, Coelogyne ocellata, Pleione brevifolia | Orchidaceae | Spotted Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne rubra | Pholidota rubra, Coelogyne undulata, Pholidota undulata | Orchidaceae | Reddish Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne schultesii | Coelogyne longipes var. verruculata | Orchidaceae | Schultes' Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne stricta | Coelogyne elata, Cymbidium strictum, Pleione elata | Orchidaceae | Erect Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne tricallosa | Panisea tricallosa, Sigmatogyne tricallosa, Panisea unifolia | Orchidaceae | Three-Calli Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne vernicosa | Dickasonia vernicosa, Kalimpongia narajitii | Orchidaceae | Varnished Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne viscosa | Pleione viscosa, Coelogyne graminifolia, Pleione graminifolia | Orchidaceae | Sticky Coelogyne |
| Coffea arabica | | Rubiaceae | Coffee |
| Coffea benghalensis | Psilanthus benghalensis | Rubiaceae | Bengal Coffee |
| Coffea canephora | Coffea robusta | Rubiaceae | Robusta Coffee |
| Coffea liberica | | Rubiaceae | Liberian Coffee |
| Coix aquatica | Coix gigantea subsp. aquatica | Poaceae | Aquatic Adlay Millet |
| Coix lacryma-jobi | Coix arundinacea, Coix lachryma | Poaceae | Adlay Millet |
| Colchicum luteum | | Colchicaceae | Yellow Colchicum |
| Coldenia procumbens | | Boraginaceae | Creeping Coldenia |
| Colebrookea oppositifolia | | Lamiaceae | Indian Squirrel Tail |
| Coleus amboinicus | Plectranthus amboinicus, Coleus aromaticus, Plectranthus aromaticus | Lamiaceae | Cuban Oregano |
| Coleus dysophylloides | Anisochilus dysophylloides, Anisochilus albidus | Lamiaceae | Erect White Lavender |
| Coleus plantagineus | Anisochilus plantagineus | Lamiaceae | Plantain Coleus |
| Coleus prostratus | Plectranthus prostratus, Plectranthus margeritae | Lamiaceae | Succulent Swedish Ivy |
| Coleus scaber | Anisochilus scaber | Lamiaceae | Rough Wild Lavender |
| Coleus scutellarioides | Coleus blumei, Coleus formosanus, Plectranthus scutellarioides | Lamiaceae | Coleus |
| Coleus strobilifer | Lavandula carnosa, Anisochilus carnosus, Plectranthus carnosus | Lamiaceae | Thick-Leaf Lavender |
| Collabium chinense | Collabiopsis chinensis, Nephelaphyllum chinense, Tainia chinensis | Orchidaceae | Chinese Collabium |
| Colocasia affinis | Colocasia bicolor, Colocasia affinis var. jenningsii, Alocasia jenningsii | Araceae | East-Himalayan Decorated Taro |
| Colocasia esculenta | Alocasia illustris, Alocasia dussii | Araceae | Taro |
| Colocasia fallax | Colocasia kerrii, Colocasia tibetensis, Colocasia yunnanensis | Araceae | Deceptive Taro |
| Colocasia fontanesii | Colocasia gaoligongensis, Colocasia gongii | Araceae | Black Stem Taro |
| Colquhounia elegans | Colquhounia elegans var. typica | Lamiaceae | Elegant Mint Shrub |
| Colquhounia vestita | Colquhounia coccinea var. vestita | Lamiaceae | Woolly Mint Shrub |
| Colutea nepalensis | Colutea kunawarensis | Fabaceae | Nepal Bladder-Senna |
| Colvillea racemosa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Colville's Glory |
| Comastoma pedunculatum | Gentiana pedunculata, Gentianella pedunculata | Gentianaceae | Stalked Gentian |
| Combretum coccineum | | Combretaceae | Scarlet Comb |
| Combretum constrictum | Combretum infundibuliforme, Combretum bussei, Poivrea constricta | Combretaceae | Powderpuff Combretum |
| Combretum indicum | Quisqualis indica, Quisqualis grandiflora, Quisqualis sinensis | Combretaceae | Rangoon Creeper |
| Combretum latifolium | | Combretaceae | Large Leaved Climbing Bushwillow |
| Combretum malabaricum | Quisqualis malabarica | Combretaceae | Malabar Madhu Malati |
| Combretum nanum | | Combretaceae | Dwarf Bushwillow |
| Combretum ovalifolium | Combretum albidum, Combretum roxburghii, Combretum laxum | Combretaceae | Piluki |
| Combretum rotundifolium | Combretum aubletii | Combretaceae | Monkey Brush Vine |
| Combretum roxburghii | Combretum decandrum, Combretum album | Combretaceae | White Combretum |
| Combretum shivannae | | Combretaceae | Kanara Madhu Malati |
| Commelina badamica | | Commelinaceae | Badami Dayflower |
| Commelina benghalensis | Commelina canescens, Commelina cucullata, Commelina hirsuta | Commelinaceae | Bengal Dayflower |
| Commelina caroliniana | Commelina hasskarlii | Commelinaceae | Carolina Dayflower |
| Commelina clavata | Commelina salicifolia, Commelina thwaitesii, Commelina diffusa | Commelinaceae | Willow Leaved Dayflower |
| Commelina diffusa | Commelina aquatica, Commelina gracilis, Commelina prostrata | Commelinaceae | Creeping Dayflower |
| Commelina ensifolia | Commelina lunata, Commelina undulata var. setosa | Commelinaceae | Scurvy Grass |
| Commelina erecta | | Commelinaceae | White-Mouth Dayflower |
| Commelina forskaolii | Commelina forsskalii, Commelina falcata | Commelinaceae | African Dayflower |
| Commelina hirsuta | Heterocarpus hirsutus | Commelinaceae | Hairy Dayflower |
| Commelina indehiscens | | Commelinaceae | Closed-Pod Dayflower |
| Commelina longifolia | Commelina pedunculosa, Commelina salicifolia | Commelinaceae | Long-Leaf Dayflower |
| Commelina maculata | Commelina obliqua var. viscida, Commelina paludosa var. viscida | Commelinaceae | Spotted Dayflower |
| Commelina paleata | Trithyrocarpus oligospatha, Trithyrocarpus paleatus | Commelinaceae | Scaly Dayflower |
| Commelina paludosa | Commelina obliqua, Commelina donii | Commelinaceae | Swamp Dayflower |
| Commelina subulata | Commelina elegantula, Tradescantia biflora, Commelina linearifolia | Commelinaceae | Linear-Leaf Dayflower |
| Commelina suffruticosa | Spathodithyros suffruticosus, Commelina rugulosa, Commelina simsonii | Commelinaceae | Shrubby Dayflower |
| Commelina tricolor | | Commelinaceae | South-Indian Dayflower |
| Commelina tuberosa | Commelina intermedia, Commelina coelestis, Commelina nervosa | Commelinaceae | Blue Spiderwort |
| Commelina undulata | Commelina striata, Commelina kurzii | Commelinaceae | Wavy-Leaf Dayflower |
| Commelina wightii | Heterocarpus glaber, Commelina glabra C.B.Clarke [Illegitimate] | Commelinaceae | Indian Yellow Dayflower |
| Commicarpus boissieri | Boerhavia boissieri | Nyctaginaceae | Desert Hogweed |
| Commicarpus chinensis | Boerhavia chinensis, Boerhavia repanda, Valeriana chinensis | Nyctaginaceae | Diffuse Hogweed |
| Commicarpus helenae | Boerhavia helenae, Boerhavia scandens, Boerhavia stellata | Nyctaginaceae | St Helena Hogweed |
| Commiphora berryi | Balsamea berryi, Balsamodendrum berryi | Burseraceae | Indian Balm of Gilead |
| Commiphora caudata | Balsamea caudata, Protium caudatum, Protionopsis caudata | Burseraceae | South-Indian Commiphora |
| Commiphora madagascariensis | Balsamea roxburghii, Commiphora roxburghii, Amyris commiphora | Burseraceae | Madagascar Corkwood |
| Commiphora wightii | Balsamea mukul , Balsamodendron mukul, Commiphora mukul | Burseraceae | Guggal |
| Conchidium braccatum | Eria braccata, Eria rupestris | Orchidaceae | Breeches Eria |
| Conchidium exile | Eria exilis, Eria minima, Porpax chandrasekharanii | Orchidaceae | Slender Eria |
| Conchidium microchilos | Eria microchilos, Dendrobium microchilos | Orchidaceae | Tiny-Lip Eria |
| Conchidium nanum | Eria nana, Eria muscicola var. brevilinguis | Orchidaceae | Tiny Eria |
| Congea tomentosa | Congea tomentosa var. nivea, Congea villosa | Verbenaceae | Wooly Congea |
| Conium maculatum | | Apiaceae | Poison Hemlock |
| Connarus monocarpos | | Connaraceae | Indian Zebrawood |
| Connarus wightii | Connarus ritchiei, Rourea sclerocarpa | Connaraceae | Konkan Zebrawood |
| Conocarpus erectus | Terminalia erecta, Conocarpus erectus var. sericeus | Combretaceae | Buttonwood Mangrove |
| Conocarpus lancifolius | Anogeissus latifolia Bedd., Conocarpus niloticus Delile ex Steud. | Combretaceae | Lanceleaf Buttonwood |
| Conringia planisiliqua | Erysimum patisiliquum, Sisymbrium planisiliquum | Brassicaceae | Flat-Pod Hare's Ear Mustard |
| Convallaria majalis | | Asparagaceae | European Lily of the Valley |
| Convolvulus arvensis | Convolvulus prostratus F. W. Schmidt, Convolvulus sagittifolius | Convolvulaceae | Field Bindweed |
| Convolvulus glomeratus | Convolvulus auricomus, Convolvulus arabicus, Ipomoea auricoma | Convolvulaceae | Clustered Bindweed |
| Convolvulus prostratus | Convolvulus pluricaulis, Convolvulus microphyllus, Convolvulus deserti | Convolvulaceae | Prostrate Bindweed |
| Convolvulus rottlerianus | | Convolvulaceae | Rottler Bindweed |
| Conyza stricta | | Asteraceae | Erect Horseweed |
| Copiapoa esmeraldana | Copiapoa humilis | Cactaceae | Esmeralda Copiapoa |
| Corallocarpus epigaeus | Aechmandra epigaea, Bryonia epigaea, Corallocarpus gracilipes | Cucurbitaceae | Redfruit Creeper |
| Corallodiscus lanuginosus | Didissandra lanuginosa, Didymocarpus lanuginosus | Gesneriaceae | Blue Stone Flower |
| Corallorhiza trifida | | Orchidaceae | Yellow Coralroot |
| Corbichonia decumbens | Portulaca decumbens, Glinus mucronatus, Orygia decumbens | Molluginaceae | Prostrate Purslane |
| Corchorus aestuans | Corchorus acutangulus | Tiliaceae | East Indian Mallow |
| Corchorus capsularis | | Tiliaceae | White Jute |
| Corchorus depressus | Corchorus antichorus, Corchorus humilis, Corchorus microphyllus | Tiliaceae | Bahuphali |
| Corchorus fascicularis | Corchorus brachycarpus | Tiliaceae | African Jute |
| Corchorus olitorius | | Tiliaceae | Nalta Jute |
| Corchorus tridens | Corchorus trilocularis Burm.f. [Illeg.], Corchorus patens, Corchorus burmanni | Tiliaceae | Horn-Fruited Jute |
| Corchorus trilocularis | Corchorus aestuans, Corchorus fruticulosus, Corchorus triflorus | Tiliaceae | Wild Jute |
| Cordia africana | Cordia harara, Cordia holstii | Boraginaceae | African Cordia |
| Cordia boissieri | | Boraginaceae | Texas Olive |
| Cordia crenata | Gerascanthus crenatus | Boraginaceae | Toothed-Leaf Cordia |
| Cordia dichotoma | Cordia indica, Cordia ixiocarpa, Cordia domestica | Boraginaceae | Indian Cherry |
| Cordia diffusa | Gerascanthus diffusus | Boraginaceae | Kovai Manjack |
| Cordia lutea | | Boraginaceae | Yellow Cordia |
| Cordia macleodii | Hemigymnia macleodii, Lithocardium macleodii, Gerascanthus macleodii | Boraginaceae | Macleod Cordia |
| Cordia monoica | Cordia dioica, Cordia rubra, Cordia diversa, Cordia bakeri | Boraginaceae | Snot Berry |
| Cordia obliqua | Cordia grandis, Cordia myxa, Cordia tremula | Boraginaceae | Clammy Cherry |
| Cordia sebestena | Cordia laevis, Cordia juglandifolia, Cordia sebestena var. rubra | Boraginaceae | Scarlet Cordia |
| Cordia sinensis | Cordia gharaf, Gerascanthus gharaf, Cordia rothii | Boraginaceae | Long-Leaf Cordia |
| Cordia subcordata | | Boraginaceae | Beach Cordia |
| Cordia vestita | Gerascanthus vestitus, Gynaion vestitum | Boraginaceae | Bairola |
| Cordiofontis flexuosa | Aster flexuosus, Aster thomsonii, Kalimeris flexuosa | Asteraceae | Floppy Himalayan Aster |
| Cordiofontis laka | Aster laka | Asteraceae | Laka Aster |
| Cordyline australis | Cordyline forsteri, Cordyline superbiens, Cordyline sturmii | Asparagaceae | Cabbage Tree |
| Cordyline fruticosa | Cordyline terminalis | Asparagaceae | Ti Plant |
| Coreopsis auriculata | | Asteraceae | Mouse Ear Coreopsis |
| Coreopsis lanceolata | Coreopsis crassifolia, Coreopsis oblongifolia | Asteraceae | Lanceleaf Coreopsis |
| Coreopsis tinctoria | | Asteraceae | Golden Coreopsis |
| Coreopsis verticillata 'Moonbeam' | | Asteraceae | Coreopsis Moonbeam |
| Coriandrum sativum | | Apiaceae | Coriander |
| Coriaria napalensis | Coriaria kweichovensis, Coriaria sinica, Coriaria nepalensis | Coriariaceae | Masuri Berry |
| Cornus capitata | Benthamidia capitata, Benthamia capitata, Cynoxylon capitatum | Cornaceae | Himalayan Strawberry Tree |
| Cornus macrophylla | Cornus brachypoda, Swida macrophylla | Cornaceae | Large Leaf Dogwood |
| Cornus oblonga | Swida oblonga, Yinquania oblonga | Cornaceae | Oblong-Petal Dogwood |
| Cortia depressa | Cortia lindleyi, Athamanta depressa, Cortia nepalensis | Apiaceae | Prostrate Cortia |
| Corydalis cashmeriana | | Papaveraceae | Kashmir Corydalis |
| Corydalis cornuta | | Papaveraceae | Horned Corydalis |
| Corydalis crassifolia | Corydalis crassissima, Corydalis physocarpa | Papaveraceae | Fleshy-Leaf Corydalis |
| Corydalis crithmifolia | Capnoides crithmifolia | Papaveraceae | Sea-Fennel-Leaf Corydalis |
| Corydalis diphylla | Corydalis longipes, Corydalis hamiltoniana, Corydalis modesta | Papaveraceae | Two-Leaved Corydalis |
| Corydalis filiformis | | Papaveraceae | Slender Corydalis |
| Corydalis govaniana | | Papaveraceae | Dense-Raceme Corydalis |
| Corydalis leptocarpa | Capnoides leptocarpa | Papaveraceae | East Himalayan Pink Corydalis |
| Corydalis meifolia | Capnoides meifolia, Corydalis meifolia var. violacea | Papaveraceae | Threadleaf Corydalis |
| Corydalis moorcroftiana | Capnoides moorcroftiana, Corydalis onobrychoides | Papaveraceae | Forage Corydalis |
| Corydalis ophiocarpa | Capnoides ophiocarpa, Corydalis japonica | Papaveraceae | Snake Pod Corydalis |
| Corydalis pseudojuncea | | Papaveraceae | Grass-Leaved Corydalis |
| Corydalis stricta | Capnoides stricta, Corydalis astragalina, Corydalis osmastonii | Papaveraceae | Erect Corydalis |
| Corydalis thyrsiflora | Corydalis gortschakovii | Papaveraceae | Thyrse Corydalis |
| Corydalis vaginans | Corydalis vaginans var. jadagangensis, Corydalis ramosa var. glauca Hook.f. | Papaveraceae | Glaucous Corydalis |
| Corylopsis himalayana | Corylopsis grata, Corylopsis manipurensis | Hamamelidaceae | Himalayan Winter Hazel |
| Corylus avellana | Corylus sylvestris | Betulaceae | Common Hazel |
| Corylus jacquemontii | Corylus colurna var. lacera, Corylus tiliacea | Betulaceae | Linden-Leaf Hazel |
| Corymbia citriodora | Eucalyptus citriodora | Myrtaceae | Lemon Scented Gum |
| Corymbia ficifolia | Eucalyptus ficifolia | Myrtaceae | Red Flowering Gum |
| Corymborkis veratrifolia | Corymborkis assamica, Corymborkis longiflora | Orchidaceae | White Cinnamon Orchid |
| Corynandra chelidonii | Corynandra pulchella, Cleome chelidonii, Cleome schraderi | Cleomaceae | Celandine Spider Flower |
| Corynandra elegans | | Cleomaceae | Elegant Spider-Flower |
| Corypha umbraculifera | | Arecaceae | Talipot Palm |
| Cosmos atrosanguineus | | Asteraceae | Chocolate Cosmos |
| Cosmos bipinnatus 'Pied Piper Red' | | Asteraceae | Cosmos Pied Piper Red |
| Cosmos bipinnatus | | Asteraceae | Pink Cosmos |
| Cosmos bipinnatus | | Asteraceae | White Cosmos |
| Cosmos caudatus | | Asteraceae | Wild Cosmos |
| Cosmos sulphureus | | Asteraceae | Sulphur Cosmos |
| Cosmostigma racemosum | Asclepias racemosa | Apocynaceae | Green Milkweed Creeper |
| Costus elegans | Costus malortieanus | Costaceae | Stepladder Ginger |
| Costus phyllocephalus | Costus fissiligulatus, Costus nudicaulis, Costus violaceus | Costaceae | Cameroon Pink Ginger |
| Costus pictus | Costus hieroglyphica, Costus mexicanus, Costus congestus | Costaceae | Painted Spiral Ginger |
| Costus stenophyllus | | Costaceae | Bamboo Ginger |
| Costus woodsonii | | Costaceae | Red Button Ginger |
| Cota tinctoria | Anthemis tinctoria, Chamaemelum tinctorium, Anacyclus tinctorius | Asteraceae | Yellow Chamomile |
| Cotinus coggygria | Rhus cotinus, Rhus laevis | Anacardiaceae | Smoke Tree |
| Cotoneaster acuminatus | Cotoneaster nepalensis, Cotoneaster mucronatus | Rosaceae | Closed-Flower Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster adpressus | Cotoneaster garhwalensis, Cotoneaster duthieanus, Pyrus garhwalensis | Rosaceae | Garhwal Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster affinis | Cotoneaster bacillaris, Cotoneaster confusus, Cotoneaster parvifolius | Rosaceae | Purpleberry Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster glabratus | | Rosaceae | Maroon Branch Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster hedegaardii | Pyrus hedegaardii | Rosaceae | Nepal Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster integrifolius | Cotoneaster brandisii, Cotoneaster prostratus, Cotoneaster thymifolius | Rosaceae | Entire-Leaf Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster microphyllus | | Rosaceae | Rockspray Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster pannosus | Pyrus pannosa | Rosaceae | Silverleaf Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster schubertii | Pyrus schubertii | Rosaceae | Kashmir Cotoneaster |
| Cottonia peduncularis | Vanda peduncularis, Cottonia macrostachya | Orchidaceae | Bee Orchid |
| Cotula australis | Cotula venosa, Soliva tenella | Asteraceae | Australian Buttonweed |
| Cotyledon pendens | | Crassulaceae | Cliff Cotyledon |
| Couroupita guianensis | | Lecythidaceae | Cannon Ball Tree |
| Cousinia thomsonii | Arctium thomsonii | Asteraceae | Ladakh Thistle |
| Craniotome furcata | Nepeta versicolor, Anisomeles furcata, Anisomeles nepalensis | Lamiaceae | Multicolored Catmint |
| Crassocephalum crepidioides | Gynura crepidioides | Asteraceae | Thickhead |
| Crassothonna capensis | Othonna capensis, Othonna crassifolia, Othonna filicaulis | Asteraceae | Othonna |
| Crassula capitella | | Crassulaceae | Campfire Plant |
| Crassula lactea | Toelkenia lactea | Crassulaceae | Taylor's Parches |
| Crassula multicava | Crassula quadrifida, Septimia multicava | Crassulaceae | Fairy Crassula |
| Crassula muscosa | Crassula littoralis, Crassula lycopodioides | Crassulaceae | Watch Chain |
| Crassula ovata | Crassula portulacea, Crassula argentea, Cotyledon ovata | Crassulaceae | Jade Plant |
| Crassula rupestris | | Crassulaceae | Necklace Plant |
| Crassula sarmentosa | Septimia sarmentosa | Crassulaceae | Trailing Jade Plant |
| Crassula tetragona | | Crassulaceae | Miniature Pine Tree |
| Crataegus laevigata 'Paul's Scarlet' | | Rosaceae | Paul's Scarlet Hawthorn |
| Crataegus monogyna | | Rosaceae | Common Hawthorn |
| Crataegus pentagyna | | Rosaceae | Black Fruit Hawthorn |
| Crataegus songarica | Crataegus darvasica, Crataegus fischeri, Crataegus gharanica | Rosaceae | Asian Hawthorn |
| Craterostigma nummulariifolium | Lindernia nummulariifolia, Lindernia montana, Torenia sessiliflora | Linderniaceae | Coinwort Lindernia |
| Craterostigma plantagineum | Torenia plantaginea | Linderniaceae | Blue Carpet Flower |
| Craterostigma sessiliflorum | Lindernia sessiliflora, Vandellia sessiliflora | Linderniaceae | Stalkless Lindernia |
| Crateva adansonii subsp. odora | | Capparaceae | Garlic Pear Tree |
| Crateva magna | Crateva nurvala, Crateva religiosa var. nurvala, Crateva lophosperma | Capparaceae | Large Garlic Pear |
| Crawfurdia angustata | Crawfurdia trailliana, Gentiana helenii | Gentianaceae | Pink Gentian Vine |
| Crawfurdia speciosa | Gentiana speciosa | Gentianaceae | Showy Gentian Vine |
| Cremanthodium arnicoides | Senecio arnicoides, Ligularia arnicoides, Senecillis arnicoides | Asteraceae | Arnica Himalayan Sunflower |
| Cremanthodium decaisnei | Senecio renatus, Cremanthodium decaisnei f. clarke | Asteraceae | Drooping Yellow Cremanthodium |
| Cremanthodium ellisii | Werneria ellisii, Cremanthodium ellisii var. ramosum | Asteraceae | Himalayan Mini Sunflower |
| Cremanthodium indicum | | Asteraceae | Indian Cremanthodium |
| Cremanthodium rhodocephalum | Cremanthodium sherriffii | Asteraceae | Rose-Head Cremanthodium |
| Cremastra appendiculata | Cremastra wallichiana, Cymbidium appendiculatum | Orchidaceae | Warty Lip Cremastra |
| Crepidiastrum diversifolium | Prenanthes diversifolia, Crepis diversifolia, Youngia tenuifolia subsp. diversifolia | Asteraceae | Himalayan Hawksbeard |
| Crepidium acuminatum | Microstylis wallichii, Malaxis acuminata | Orchidaceae | Jeevak |
| Crepidium khasianum | Malaxis khasiana, Microstylis khasiana | Orchidaceae | Khasi Boot Orchid |
| Crepidium resupinatum | Epidendrum resupinatum, Crepidium plantagineum, Malaxis resupinata | Orchidaceae | Inverted Boot Orchid |
| Crepidium versicolor | Microstylis versicolor, Malaxis versicolor, Liparis priochilus | Orchidaceae | Colorful Malaxis |
| Crepis multicaulis | | Asteraceae | Many-Stem Hawksbeard |
| Crepis sancta subsp. falconeri | Pterotheca falconeri, Pterotheca bifida | Asteraceae | Sacred Hawksbeard |
| Crescentia alata | Crescentia trifolia | Bignoniaceae | Mexican Calabash |
| Cressa cretica | | Convolvulaceae | Rudravanti |
| Crinodendron patagua | Crinodendron dependens, Tricuspidaria patagua | Elaeocarpaceae | White Lantern Tree |
| Crinum amoenum | Crinum himalense, Crinum verecundum | Amaryllidaceae | Himalayan Crinum Lily |
| Crinum asiaticum | | Amaryllidaceae | Grand Crinum Lily |
| Crinum defixum | Crinum viviparum var. ensifolium, Crinum ensifolium, Crinum roxburghii | Amaryllidaceae | River Crinum Lily |
| Crinum latifolium | Crinum cochinchinense, Crinum longistylum, Crinum esquirolii | Amaryllidaceae | Milk and Wine Lily |
| Crinum moorei | | Amaryllidaceae | Natal Lily |
| Crinum woodrowii | | Amaryllidaceae | Maharashtra Crinum Lily |
| Crinum x amabile | | Amaryllidaceae | Giant Spider Lily |
| Crinum x powellii | | Amaryllidaceae | Cape Lily |
| Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora | Crocosmia x latifolia, Montbretia x crocosmiiflora, Tritonia x crocosmiiflora | Iridaceae | Montbretia |
| Crocus sativus | | Iridaceae | Saffron Flower |
| Crossandra infundibuliformis | Crossandra axillaris, Crossandra coccinea, Crossandra nutans | Acanthaceae | Crossandra |
| Crossostephium chinense | Artemisia chinensis L., Chrysanthemum artemisioides, Tanacetum chinense | Asteraceae | Chinese Wormwood |
| Crotalaria agatiflora | | Fabaceae | Canary Bird Bush |
| Crotalaria alata | Crotalaria bialata | Fabaceae | Winged-Stem Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria albida | Crotalaria deflexa, Crotalaria montana Roxb. | Fabaceae | Hill Rattlewort |
| Crotalaria angulata | Crotalaria nummularia, Astragalus biflorus | Fabaceae | Coinwort Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria berteroana | Crotalaria fulva | Fabaceae | Tawny Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria bifaria | | Fabaceae | Two-Form Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria burhia | Crotalaria burhia var. tomentosa | Fabaceae | Burhia Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria calycina | | Fabaceae | Silky-Haired Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria clarkei | | Fabaceae | Hairy-Pod Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria cytisoides | Crotalaria psoralioides | Fabaceae | Broom Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria dubia | | Fabaceae | Deceptive Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria evolvuloides | | Fabaceae | Bindweed Rattleweed |
| Crotalaria filipes | | Fabaceae | Creeping Hemp |
| Crotalaria fysonii | | Fabaceae | Roundleaf Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria globosa | | Fabaceae | Spherical Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria goreensis | Crotalaria falcata, Crotalaria guineensis, Crotalaria macrostipula | Fabaceae | Gambia Pea |
| Crotalaria grahamiana | | Fabaceae | Bushy Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria hebecarpa | Goniogyna hebecarpa, Goniogyna hirta, Hallia hirta | Fabaceae | Fuzzy Fruited Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria heyneana | | Fabaceae | Blue-Flowered Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria hirsuta | Crotalaria dichotoma, Crotalaria rubiginosa | Fabaceae | Hairy Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria humifusa | Crotalaria prostrata auct. non Rottb. | Fabaceae | Sprawling Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria juncea | Crotalaria sericea, Crotalaria benghalensis, Crotalaria viminea | Fabaceae | Sunn Hemp |
| Crotalaria leioloba | Crotalaria bodinieri, Crotalaria ferruginea, Crotalaria rufescens | Fabaceae | Rusty Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria leptostachya | | Fabaceae | Slender Spiked Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria leschenaultii | | Fabaceae | Deccan Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria linifolia | Crotalaria caespitosa, Crotalaria diffusa, Crotalaria tecta | Fabaceae | Flax-Leaf Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria longipes | | Fabaceae | South-Indian Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria medicaginea var. medicaginea | Crotalaria procumbens, Crotalaria virgata, Indigofera capitata | Fabaceae | Medick Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria medicaginea var. neglecta | Crotalaria neglecta | Fabaceae | Neglected Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria meghalayensis | | Fabaceae | Meghalaya Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria micans | Crotalaria anagyroides, Crotalaria triphylla, Crotalaria stipulata | Fabaceae | Shining Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria montana | Crotalaria formosana, Crotalaria linifolia var. angustifolia | Fabaceae | Mountain Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria multiflora | Crotalaria multiflora var. kurisumalayana | Fabaceae | Many-Flowered Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria mysorensis | | Fabaceae | Mysore Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria nana | | Fabaceae | Tiny Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria orixensis | Crotalaria macropoda, Crotalaria orixensis var. waghii | Fabaceae | Orixa Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria pallida var. obovata | Crotalaria obovata | Fabaceae | Roundleaf Smooth Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria pallida var. pallida | Crotalaria javanica, Crotalaria striata var. acutifolia | Fabaceae | Smooth Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria paniculata | | Fabaceae | Panicled Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria prostrata | | Fabaceae | Prostrate Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria pulchra | Crotalaria pulcherrima | Fabaceae | Handsome Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria pusilla | | Fabaceae | Small Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria quinquefolia | | Fabaceae | Five Leaf Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria retusa | | Fabaceae | Rattleweed |
| Crotalaria scabra | | Fabaceae | Rough Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria semperflorens | Crotalaria arnottiana, Crotalaria wallichiana, Crotalaria verrucosa var. semperflorens | Fabaceae | Ever-Flowering Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria sessiliflora subsp. sessiliflora | Crotalaria nepaulensis, Crotalaria burmanica | Fabaceae | Stalkless Blue Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria spectabilis | Crotalaria sericea, Crotalaria leschenaultii Macfad. | Fabaceae | Showy Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria tetragona | Crotalaria grandiflora, Crotalaria esquirolii | Fabaceae | Eastern Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria triquetra | Crotalaria triquetra var. garanbiensis | Fabaceae | Three-Angled Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria verrucosa | Crotalaria coerulea, Crotalaria angulosa, Crotalaria mollis | Fabaceae | Blue Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria walkeri | Crotalaria semperflorens var. walkeri | Fabaceae | Lined-Petal Rattlepod |
| Croton bonplandianus | | Euphorbiaceae | Ban Tulsi |
| Croton caudatus | Croton drupaceus, Croton racemosus | Euphorbiaceae | Climbing Croton |
| Croton chakrabartyi | Croton gibsonianus auct. plur. non Nimmo | Euphorbiaceae | Malabar Croton |
| Croton gibsonianus | Oxydectes gibsoniana | Euphorbiaceae | Sahyadri Croton |
| Croton hirtus | Croton aberrans, Brachystachys hirta, Oxydectes aberrans | Euphorbiaceae | Hairy Croton |
| Croton persimilis | Croton elaeocarpifolius, Croton boragatch, Croton roxburghii | Euphorbiaceae | Croton Tree |
| Croton scabiosus | Oxydectes scabiosa | Euphorbiaceae | Silver-Leaf Croton |
| Croton tiglium | Croton himalaicus, Croton officinalis, Croton jamalgota, Croton birmanicus | Euphorbiaceae | Purging Croton |
| Croton zeylanicus | Oxydectes zeylanica, Croton reticulatus | Euphorbiaceae | Ceylon Croton |
| Crucihimalaya himalaica | Arabidopsis himalaica, Arabis himalaica, Arabis rupestre | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Rock-Cress |
| Crucihimalaya mollissima | Arabidopsis mollissima, Hesperis mollissima, Stenophragma mollissimum | Brassicaceae | Soft Rock-Cress |
| Crucihimalaya tibetica | Arabis tibetica, Arabidopsis tibetica, Arabis thomsonii | Brassicaceae | Tibetan Rock-Cress |
| Crucihimalaya wallichii | Arabidopsis wallichii, Arabis leptocarpa, Hesperis wallichii | Brassicaceae | Slender-Pod Rock-Cress |
| Cryptanthus argyrophyllus | | Bromeliaceae | Silver Leaved Earth-Star |
| Cryptanthus bivittatus | Billbergia bivittata, Tillandsia bivittata | Bromeliaceae | Two-Band Earth-Star |
| Cryptanthus zonatus | Tillandsia zonata, Billbergia acaulis | Bromeliaceae | Zebra-Leaf Earth-Star |
| Crypteronia paniculata | Henslowia paniculata | Crypteroniaceae | Panicled Crypteronia |
| Cryptochilus acuminatus | Eria carinata, Pinalia carinata, Cryptochilus carinatus, Eria fordii, Eria rosea | Orchidaceae | Keeled Eria |
| Cryptochilus sanguineus | | Orchidaceae | Red Cryptochilus |
| Cryptochilus strictus | Eria stricta, Pinalia stricta, Octomeria secunda | Orchidaceae | Erect Eria |
| Cryptocoryne retrospiralis | Cryptocoryne roxburghiana, Cryptocoryne dalzellii | Araceae | Antispiral Water Trumpet |
| Cryptolepis buchananii | Cryptolepis dubia, Cryptolepis reticulata, Periploca dubia | Apocynaceae | Wax Leaved Climber |
| Cryptolepis grandiflora | Cryptolepis wightiana | Apocynaceae | Large-Flowered Cryptolepis |
| Cryptolepis sinensis | Cryptolepis elegans, Cryptolepis pauciflora, Pergularia sinensis | Apocynaceae | Chinese Wax-Leaf Climber |
| Cryptomeria japonica | Cupressus japonica, Cryptomeria nigricans | Cupressaceae | Japanese Cedar |
| Cryptostegia grandiflora | | Apocynaceae | Rubber Vine |
| Cryptostegia madagascariensis | Cryptostegia glaberrima | Apocynaceae | Purple Rubber Vine |
| Ctenanthe setosa | Maranta setosa, Maranta secunda, Phrynium thyrsiflorum | Marantaceae | Never-Never Plant |
| Cucumis dipsaceus | Cucumis bardana, Momordica dasycarpa, Cucumis ambigua | Cucurbitaceae | Hedgehog Cucumber |
| Cucumis maderaspatanus | Mukia maderaspatana, Bryonia scabrella, Melothria maderaspatana | Cucurbitaceae | Madras Pea Pumpkin |
| Cucumis melo | Cucumis pubescens, Cucumis trigonus, Cucumis callosus | Cucurbitaceae | Melon |
| Cucumis melo var. agrestis | Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis, Cucumis agrestis, Cucumis collosus | Cucurbitaceae | Wild Melon |
| Cucumis prophetarum | Cucumis mascatensis, Cucumis amarus, Cucumis foetidus | Cucurbitaceae | Wild Gourd |
| Cucumis ritchiei | Dicoelospermum ritchiei | Cucurbitaceae | Deccan Little Cucumber |
| Cucumis sativus | | Cucurbitaceae | Cucumber |
| Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii | Cucumis hardwickii, Melo sativus | Cucurbitaceae | Wild Cucumber |
| Cucurbita maxima | | Cucurbitaceae | Giant Pumpkin |
| Cucurbita moschata | Cucurbita macrocarpa, Pepo moschata, Cucurbita meloniformis | Cucurbitaceae | Butternut Pumpkin |
| Cucurbita pepo | Cucumis pepo | Cucurbitaceae | Pumpkin |
| Cullen corylifolium | Psoralea corylifolia, Cullen corylifolia | Fabaceae | Scurfy Pea |
| Cullenia exarillata | Cullenia rosayroana | Malvaceae | Wild Durian |
| Cullen plicatum | Psoralea odorata, Psoralea plicata, Munbya plicata | Fabaceae | Fragrant Scurfy Pea |
| Cuminum cyminum | Cuminum aegyptiacum, Cuminum sativum | Apiaceae | Cumin |
| Cunninghamia lanceolata | Pinus lanceolata, Pinus abies, Larix chinensis | Cupressaceae | China Fir |
| Cuphea carthagenensis | Cuphea pinto, Cuphea divaricata, Cuphea balsamona | Lythraceae | Colombian Waxweed |
| Cuphea flava | Cuphea idiotricha, Cuphea brachiata | Lythraceae | Yellow Cuphea |
| Cuphea hyssopifolia | | Lythraceae | Mexican Heather |
| Cuphea ignea | | Lythraceae | Cigar Plant |
| Cuphea micropetala | | Lythraceae | Tall Cigar Plant |
| Cupressus arizonica | | Cupressaceae | Arizona Cypress |
| Cupressus sempervirens | | Cupressaceae | Italian Cypress |
| Cupressus torulosa | Cupressus pakistanensis, Cupressus nepalensis, Cupressus karnaliensis | Cupressaceae | Himalayan Cypress |
| Curculigo orchioides | Curculigo ensifolia, Curculigo brevifolia, Hypoxis orchioides | Hypoxidaceae | Golden Eye Grass |
| Curculigo prainiana | Molineria prainiana | Hypoxidaceae | East-Himalayan Eye Grass |
| Curculigo trichocarpa | Hypoxis trichocarpa, Molineria trichocarpa, Curculigo garoensis, Hypoxis latifolia | Hypoxidaceae | South-Indian Eye Grass |
| Curcuma alismatifolia | Hitcheniopsis alismatifolia | Zingiberaceae | Siam Tulip |
| Curcuma amada | Curcuma amada var. glabra | Zingiberaceae | Mango Ginger |
| Curcuma angustifolia | | Zingiberaceae | East Indian Arrowroot |
| Curcuma aromatica | | Zingiberaceae | Wild Turmeric |
| Curcuma aurantiaca | Curcuma ecalcarata | Zingiberaceae | Rainbow Ginger |
| Curcuma bhatii | Paracautleya bhatii | Zingiberaceae | Udipi Turmeric |
| Curcuma caesia | | Zingiberaceae | Black Turmeric |
| Curcuma caulina | Hitchenia caulina | Zingiberaceae | Indian Arrowroot |
| Curcuma decipiens | | Zingiberaceae | Deceptive Curcuma |
| Curcuma ferruginea | | Zingiberaceae | Rusty Wild Turmeric |
| Curcuma inodora | | Zingiberaceae | Scentless Turmeric |
| Curcuma karnatakensis | | Zingiberaceae | Carnatic Curcuma |
| Curcuma longa | Curcuma domestica, Curcuma brog, Curcuma ochrorhiza | Zingiberaceae | Turmeric |
| Curcuma montana | | Zingiberaceae | Mountain Turmeric |
| Curcuma mutabilis | | Zingiberaceae | Changeable Turmeric |
| Curcuma neilgherrensis | | Zingiberaceae | Nilgiri Turmeric |
| Curcuma pseudomontana | | Zingiberaceae | Hill Turmeric |
| Curcuma roscoeana | Curcuma kurzii, Hitchenia roscoeana, Hitcheniopsis roscoeana | Zingiberaceae | Jewel of Burma |
| Curcuma rubescens | Curcuma rubricaulis, Curcuma longiflora | Zingiberaceae | Ruby Ginger |
| Curcuma scaposa | Kaempferia scaposa, Hedychium scaposum, Monolophus scaposus | Zingiberaceae | Scaped Ginger |
| Curcuma vamana | Curcuma peethapushpa Sasidh. & Sivar. | Zingiberaceae | Vaman Turmeric |
| Curio radicans | Senecio radicans, Cacalia radicans | Asteraceae | String of Bananas |
| Curio rowleyanus | Curio rowleyanus, Senecio rowleyanus | Asteraceae | String of Pearls |
| Curio talinoides | | Asteraceae | Blue Fingers |
| Cuscuta campestris | Cuscuta arvensis, Cuscuta pentagona var. calycina | Convolvulaceae | Golden Dodder |
| Cuscuta capitata | Anthanema capitata, Cuscuta rosea | Convolvulaceae | Rosy Dodder |
| Cuscuta europaea var. indica | | Convolvulaceae | Greater Dodder |
| Cuscuta reflexa | | Convolvulaceae | Amar Bel |
| Cyamopsis tetragonoloba | Cyamopsis psoraloides, Dolichos fabæformis, Dolichos psoraloides, Psoralea tetragonoloba | Fabaceae | Guar |
| Cyananthus flavus | Cyananthus flavus subsp. flavus | Campanulaceae | Yellow Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyananthus incanus | | Campanulaceae | Hoary Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyananthus integer | Cyananthus barbatus | Campanulaceae | Entire-Leaf Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyananthus lobatus | | Campanulaceae | Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyananthus microphyllus | | Campanulaceae | Small-leaved Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyanotis adscendens | Cyanotis tuberosa var. adscendens, Cyanotis sarmentosa | Commelinaceae | Ascending Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis arachnoidea | Cyanotis bodinieri | Commelinaceae | Spider Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis axillaris | Amischophacelus axillaris, Tonningia axillaris, Tradescantia axillaris | Commelinaceae | Creeping Cradle Plant |
| Cyanotis beddomei | Erythrotis beddomei, Cyanotis kewoides | Commelinaceae | Teddy Bear Vine |
| Cyanotis burmanniana | Cyanotis hirtella, Cyanotis hispida, Cyanotis vaginata | Commelinaceae | Bristly Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis cristata | | Commelinaceae | Crested Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis fasciculata | Cyanotis decumbens, Cyanotis rosea, Cyanotis rupestris | Commelinaceae | Nilwanti |
| Cyanotis pilosa | Cyanotis wightii, Tradescantia pilosa | Commelinaceae | Dense-Flowered Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis tuberosa | Tradescantia tuberosa, Cyanotis thomsonii, Cyanotis sahyadrica | Commelinaceae | Sahyadri Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis vaga | Cyanotis barbata, Commelina hirsuta, Tonningia barbata | Commelinaceae | Wandering Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis villosa | Tradescantia villosa, Cyanotis cerifolia, Tradescantia cyanotidea | Commelinaceae | Hairy Dew-Grass |
| Cyanotis vivipara | Belosynapsis vivipara, Dalzellia vivipara, Tonningia vivipara | Commelinaceae | Tree-Dwelling Dew-Grass |
| Cyanthillium albicans | Vernonia albicans, Conyza albicans | Asteraceae | Western Ghats Vernonia |
| Cyanthillium cinereum | Vernonia cinerea, Conyza cinerea, Senecioides cinerea | Asteraceae | Little Ironweed |
| Cyathocline purpurea | Tanacelum purpureum, Cyathochine lyrata | Asteraceae | Gangotra |
| Cyathula capitata | | Amaranthaceae | Roundhead Pastureweed |
| Cyathula prostrata | Cyathula repens, Achyranthes prostrata, Achyranthes diffusa | Amaranthaceae | Prostrate Pastureweed |
| Cyathula tomentosa | Achyranthes tomentosa, Achyranthes sequax, Desmochaeta tomentosa | Amaranthaceae | Woolly Pastureweed |
| Cycas circinalis | Cycas wallichii, Cycas undulata, Cycas squarrosa | Cycadaceae | Queen Sago |
| Cycas revoluta | | Cycadaceae | Sago Palm |
| Cycas rumphii | Cycas celebica, Cycas speciosa, Zamia corsoniana | Cycadaceae | Ceylon Sago Palm |
| Cycas sphaerica | | Cycadaceae | Spherical Sago |
| Cycas swamyi | | Cycadaceae | Swamy Sago Palm |
| Cyclamen persicum | | Primulaceae | Florist Cyclamen |
| Cyclanthera brachystachya | Cyclanthera explodens, Cyclanthera glauca | Cucurbitaceae | Exploding Cucumber |
| Cyclanthera pedata | | Cucurbitaceae | Stuffing Cucumber |
| Cyclea peltata | Cyclea burmanii, Cyclea versicolor, Cyclea discolor | Menispermaceae | Indian Moon-Seed |
| Cyclospermum leptophyllum | Pimpinella leptophylla, Apium tenuifolium, Cyclospermum ammi, Apium leptophyllum | Apiaceae | Fir-Leaved Celery |
| Cydonia oblonga | Cydonia vulgaris, Pyrus cydonia | Rosaceae | Quince |
| Cylindropuntia arbuscula | Opuntia arbuscula, Cylindropuntia vivipara | Cactaceae | Arizona Pencil Cholla |
| Cylindropuntia arbuscula | Opuntia arbuscula, Cylindropuntia vivipara | Cactaceae | Bush Pencil Cholla |
| Cylindropuntia ramosissima | Opuntia ramosissima, Grusonia ramosissima | Cactaceae | Branched Pencil Cholla |
| Cymbalaria muralis | | Plantaginaceae | Kenilworth Ivy |
| Cymbidium aloifolium | Cymbidium intermedium, Cymbidium erectum, Epidendrum pendulam | Orchidaceae | Aloe Leaf Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium bicolor | | Orchidaceae | Two-Colored Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium cyperifolium var. szechuanicum | Cymbidium szechuanicum, Cymbidium faberi var. szechuanicum | Orchidaceae | Sichuan Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium dayanum | Cymbidium eburneum var. dayanum | Orchidaceae | Phoenix Orchid |
| Cymbidium devonianum | Cymbidium rigidum, Cymbidium sikkimense Hook.f. | Orchidaceae | Sikkim Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium eburneum | | Orchidaceae | Ivory Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium elegans | Cyperorchis elegans | Orchidaceae | Elegant Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium ensifolium | Cymbidium koran, Cymbidium shimaran | Orchidaceae | Golden-Thread Orchid |
| Cymbidium erythraeum | | Orchidaceae | Spotted-Lip Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium goeringii | Maxillaria goeringii, Cymbidium forrestii, Cymbidium uniflorum | Orchidaceae | Riverstream Orchid |
| Cymbidium hookerianum | Cymbidium giganteum var. hookerianum, Cymbidium grandiflorum | Orchidaceae | Large-Flower Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium iridioides | Cymbidium giganteum, Iridorchis gigantea | Orchidaceae | Iris Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium lancifolium | Cymbidiopsis lancifolia, Cymbidium bambusifolium, Cymbidium javanicum | Orchidaceae | Lanceleaf Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium lowianum | Cymbidium giganteum var. lowianum, Cyperorchis lowiana | Orchidaceae | Common Green Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium macrorhizon | Aphyllorchis aberrans, Cymbidium nipponicum | Orchidaceae | Large Root Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium mastersii | Cyperorchis mastersii, Cymbidium affine, Cymbidium micromeson | Orchidaceae | Masters Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium tigrinum | Cyperorchis tigrina | Orchidaceae | Tiger-Striped Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium tracyanum | Cyperorchis tracyana | Orchidaceae | Large Fragrant Cymbidium |
| Cymbopogon citratus | | Poaceae | Lemon Grass |
| Cymbopogon flexuosus | | Poaceae | Cochin Grass |
| Cymbopogon iwarancusa | Andropogon iwarancusa, Sorghum iwarancusa, Cymbopogon jwarancusa | Poaceae | Jwarankush Grass |
| Cymbopogon martini | Andropogon martini, Cymbopogon motia, Gymnanthelia martini | Poaceae | Palmarosa Grass |
| Cynanchum acidum | Sarcostemma acidum, Asclepias acida, Sarcostemma brevistigma | Apocynaceae | Leafless East-Indian Vine |
| Cynanchum annularium | Holostemma ada-kodien, Asclepias annularia, Holostemma annulare | Apocynaceae | Ringed Swallow-Wort |
| Cynanchum callialatum | Cynoctonum angustifolium, Vincetoxicum callialata | Apocynaceae | Pretty-Wing Swallow-Wort |
| Cynanchum dalhousiae | | Apocynaceae | Lanceleaf Swallow-Wort |
| Cynanchum registanense | Cynanchum varians, Glossonema varians, Glossonema edule | Apocynaceae | Desert Swallow-Wort |
| Cynanchum sarcomedium | Sarcostemma intermedium | Apocynaceae | Leafless Climbing Milkweed |
| Cynanchum tunicatum | Asclepias tunicata, Cynanchum pauciflorum, Periploca tunicata | Apocynaceae | Coated Swallow-Wort |
| Cynanchum viminale | Sarcostemma viminale, Cynanchum viminale, Apocynum viminale | Apocynaceae | Caustic Vine |
| Cynara cardunculus | Carduus cardunculus, Cynara sylvestris, Cynara scolymus | Asteraceae | Cardoon |
| Cynarospermum asperrimum | Blepharis asperrima, Justicia aspera | Acanthaceae | Hill Blepharis |
| Cynodon dactylon | | Poaceae | Common Lawn Grass |
| Cynodon radiatus | Cynodon arcuatus, Cynodon intermedius, Digitaria radiata | Poaceae | Arched Bermuda Grass |
| Cynoglossum amabile | | Boraginaceae | Chinese Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum coelestinum | Adelocaryum coelestinum, Paracaryum coelestinum | Boraginaceae | Common Hill Borage |
| Cynoglossum furcatum | Cynoglossum furcatum f. albiflorum, Cynoglossum heynei | Boraginaceae | Forked Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum lanceolatum | Cynoglossum canescens, Cynoglossum racemosum | Boraginaceae | Lanceleaf Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum malabaricum | Paracaryum malabaricum, Adelocaryum malabaricum | Boraginaceae | Malabar Hill Borage |
| Cynoglossum microglochin | Cynoglossum grandiflorum, Cynoglossum nervosum | Boraginaceae | Purple Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum wallichii | Cynoglossum glochidiatum, Cynoglossum denticulatum | Boraginaceae | Barbed Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum zeylanicum | Cynoglossum coeruleum, Anchusa zeylanica | Boraginaceae | Ceylon Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynometra iripa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Wrinkled Pod Mangrove |
| Cynometra sampathkumaraniana | | Caesalpiniaceae | Smooth Crescent-Pod Tree |
| Cyperus alternifolius | | Cyperaceae | Umbrella Palm |
| Cyperus alulatus | | Cyperaceae | Winged Sedge |
| Cyperus brevifolius | Kyllinga brevifolia | Cyperaceae | Green Water Sedge |
| Cyperus compactus | Cyperus dilutus, Cyperus rufus, Cyperus spinulosus | Cyperaceae | Compact Sedge |
| Cyperus compressus | Cyperus pectinatus, Cyperus caffer, Cyperus brachiatus | Cyperaceae | Poorland Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus conglomeratus | Cyperus acutiflorus, Cyperus falcatus, Cyperus pappii | Cyperaceae | Tight-Head Sedge |
| Cyperus cyperoides | Mariscus cyperoides, Cyperus konkanensis, Mariscus sumatrensis | Cyperaceae | Common Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus difformis | | Cyperaceae | Variable Flatsedge |
| Cyperus distans | Cyperus graminicolus, Cyperus kurrii, Cyperus rubrotinctus | Cyperaceae | Slender Sedge |
| Cyperus dubius | Cyperus coloratus, Cyperus mollis, Cyperus capitellatus | Cyperaceae | Soft Sedge |
| Cyperus exaltatus | | Cyperaceae | Tall Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus flavidus | Cyperus divaricatus, Cyperus curvatus, Cyperus humifusus | Cyperaceae | Yellow Flatsedge |
| Cyperus fuscus | Cyperus forsskalii, Cyperus virescens, Cyperus viridis | Cyperaceae | Brown Flatsedge |
| Cyperus glomeratus | Cyperus aureus, Cyperus semiradiciflorus, Cyperus sparsiflorus | Cyperaceae | Clustered Sedge |
| Cyperus iria | Cyperus chrysomelinus, Cyperus microlepis, Cyperus resinosus | Cyperaceae | Rice Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus michelianus subsp. pygmaeus | Cyperus pygmaeus Rottb., Juncellus pygmaeus, Dichostylis pygmaea | Cyperaceae | Pygmy Sedge |
| Cyperus mindorensis | Kyllinga nemoralis, Kyllinga mindorensis, Cyperus kyllingia | Cyperaceae | White Water Sedge |
| Cyperus niveus | | Cyperaceae | Snow White Sedge |
| Cyperus nutans | | Cyperaceae | Drooping Sedge |
| Cyperus odoratus | Cyperus ferax, Cyperus engelmannii, Torulinium odoratum | Cyperaceae | Fragrant Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus papyrus | Chlorocyperus papyrus | Cyperaceae | Papyrus |
| Cyperus pumilus | Cyperus patens, Cyperus divergens, | Cyperaceae | Dwarf Sedge |
| Cyperus rotundus | | Cyperaceae | Common Nut Sedge |
| Cyperus squarrosus | Cyperus purshii, Cyperus inflexus, Cyperus versicolor | Cyperaceae | Bearded Flatsedge |
| Cyperus surinamensis | | Cyperaceae | Tropical Flat Sedge |
| Cyphostemma auriculatum | Cissus auriculata, Vitis auriculata | Vitaceae | Eared Cyphostemma |
| Cyphostemma setosum | Cissus setosa, Cyphostemma psammophilum, Cissus psammophila | Vitaceae | Bristly Wild Grape |
| Cypripedium cordigerum | | Orchidaceae | Heart-shaped Slipper Orchid |
| Cypripedium elegans | Coelogyne elegans | Orchidaceae | Elegant Slipper Orchid |
| Cypripedium himalaicum | Cypripedium macranthon var. himalaicum | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Slipper Orchid |
| Cyrtanthus mackenii | | Amaryllidaceae | Ifafa Lily |
| Cyrtosia integra | Galeola integra | Orchidaceae | Yellow-Brown Dwarf Galeola |
| Cyrtosia lindleyana | Galeola lindleyana, Erythrorchis lindleyana, Galeola matsudae | Orchidaceae | Tall Galeola |
| Cyrtostachys renda | Cyrtostachys lakka | Arecaceae | Sealing Wax Palm |
| Cytisus scoparius | Spartium scoparium, Sarothamnus scoparius | Fabaceae | Scotch Broom |
| Dactylicapnos macrocapnos | Dicentra macrocapnos | Papaveraceae | Yellow Bleeding Heart |
| Dactyloctenium aegyptium | Eleusine aegyptiaca | Poaceae | Crowfoot Grass |
| Dactyloctenium scindicum | Dactyloctenium glaucophyllum, Eleusine scindica | Poaceae | Sind Crowfoot Grass |
| Dactylorhiza hatagirea | Orchis latifolia var. indica | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Marsh Orchid |
| Dactylorhiza kafiriana | | Orchidaceae | Nuristan Marsh Orchid |
| Dahlia coccinea | | Asteraceae | Scarlet Dahlia |
| Dahlia imperialis | | Asteraceae | Tree Dahlia |
| Dahlia merckii | Dahlia glabrata, Dahlia decaisneana, Dahlia minor | Asteraceae | Merck's Dahlia |
| Dahlia | | Asteraceae | Decorative Dahlia |
| Dahlia | | Asteraceae | Waterlily Dahlia |
| Dalbergia horrida | Amerimnon horridum, Dalbergia sympathetica | Fabaceae | Prickly Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia lanceolaria | | Fabaceae | Lanceleaf Rosewood |
| Dalbergia latifolia | Amerimnon latifolium, Dalbergia javanica | Fabaceae | Black Rosewood |
| Dalbergia melanoxylon | Dalbergia stocksii, Amerimnon melanoxylon | Fabaceae | African Blackwood |
| Dalbergia rubiginosa | Amerimnon rubiginosum | Fabaceae | Rusty Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia sericea | Dalbergia hircina, Dalbergia stenocarpa | Fabaceae | Silky Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia sissoo | Dalbergia pendula, Pterocarpus sissoo | Fabaceae | Shisham |
| Dalbergia stipulacea | Dalbergia penduliflora | Fabaceae | East Himalayan Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia volubilis | Dalbergia confertiflora, Dalbergia purpurea, Dalbergia stipulacea | Fabaceae | Climbing Dalbergia |
| Dalechampia indica | Dalechampia ternata, Dalechampia coromandeliana | Euphorbiaceae | Indian Spurge-Creeper |
| Dalechampia scandens var. cordofana | Dalechampia cordofana, Dalechampia parvifolia, Dalechampia tripartita | Euphorbiaceae | Gujarat Spurge-Creeper |
| Dalechampia velutina | Dalechampia scandens var. velutina | Euphorbiaceae | Velvety Spurge-Creeper |
| Dalhousiea bracteata | Dalhousiea paucisperma, Podalyria bracteata | Fabaceae | East-Himalayan Dalhousiea |
| Dalzellia ceylanica | Dalzellia lawii, Dalzellia foliosa, Dalzellia pedunculosa | Podostemaceae | Ceylon Riverweed |
| Daphne bholua var. glacialis | | Thymelaeaceae | Icy Himalayan Daphne |
| Daphne mucronata | Daphne acuminata, Daphne cachemireana, Daphne coriacea | Thymelaeaceae | Kashmir Daphne |
| Daphne papyracea | Daphne cannabina, Daphne odora | Thymelaeaceae | Indian Paper Plant |
| Daphne retusa | | Thymelaeaceae | Oblong-Leaf Daphne |
| Daphniphyllum himalense | Daphniphyllum benthamii, Goughia himalensis | Daphniphyllaceae | Himalayan Daphne-Leaf |
| Daphniphyllum neilgherrense | Goughia neilgherrensis | Daphniphyllaceae | Nilgiri Daphne-Leaf |
| Dasiphora dryadanthoides | Potentilla dryadanthoides, Pentaphylloides dryadanthoides | Rosaceae | Prostrate Cinquefoil |
| Dasiphora fruticosa | Potentilla fruticosa | Rosaceae | Shrubby Cinquefoil |
| Datisca cannabina | Datisca nepalensis, Datisca glabra, Cannabina laevis | Datiscaceae | False Hemp |
| Datura discolor | Datura thomasii | Solanaceae | Desert Thorn-Apple |
| Datura ferox | | Solanaceae | Fierce Thorn Apple |
| Datura innoxia | Datura meteloides, Datura guayaquilensis | Solanaceae | Datura |
| Datura metel 'Blackcurrant Swirl' | | Solanaceae | Datura Blackcurrant Swirl |
| Datura metel 'Flore Pleno' | | Solanaceae | Datura Double Purple |
| Datura metel | | Solanaceae | Datura Triple Yellow |
| Datura stramonium | | Solanaceae | Jimsonweed |
| Daucus carota subsp. sativus | Carota sativa, Daucus carota var. sativus | Apiaceae | Carrot |
| Daucus carota | Daucus vulgaris, Daucus sylvestris | Apiaceae | Wild Carrot |
| Debia ovatifolia | Hedyotis ovatifolia, Hedyotis ovatifolia, Hedyotis nudicaulis | Rubiaceae | Ovate-Leaf Snake-Needle Grass |
| Debregeasia longifolia | Urtica longifolia, Debregeasia velutina | Urticaceae | Orange Wild Rhea |
| Debregeasia saeneb | | Urticaceae | Himalayan Wild Rhea |
| Debregeasia wallichiana subsp. ceylanica | Debregeasia ceylanica, Morocarpus ceylanicus | Urticaceae | Ceylon Wild Rhea |
| Decalepidanthus echioides | Mertensia echioides, Lithospermum echioides, Pseudomertensia echioides | Boraginaceae | Bugloss Alpine Bluebell |
| Decalepidanthus moltkioides | Pseudomertensia nemorosa, Anchusa moltkioides, Mertensia nemorosa | Boraginaceae | Forest Alpine Bluebell |
| Decalepidanthus parviflorus | Pseudomertensia parviflora, Mertensia exserta, Moltkia parviflora | Boraginaceae | Small-Flowered Himalayan Lungwort |
| Decalepidanthus racemosus | Mertensia racemosa, Pseudomertensia racemosa, Anchusa racemosa | Boraginaceae | White Himalayan Lungwort |
| Decalepis arayalpathra | Janakia arayalpathra | Apocynaceae | Amruthapala |
| Decalepis hamiltonii | | Apocynaceae | Swallow-Root |
| Decalepis khasiana | Stelmacrypton khasianum, Pentanura khasiana, Periploca khasiana | Apocynaceae | Khasi Swallow-Root |
| Decalepis nervosa | Brachylepis nervosa Wight & Arn. | Apocynaceae | Nerved-Leaf Swallow-Root |
| Decalepis salicifolia | Utleria salicifolia Bedd. ex Hook.f. | Apocynaceae | Willow-Leaved Swallow-Root |
| Decaschistia crotonifolia | | Malvaceae | Croton Leaf Mysore Mallow |
| Decaschistia trilobata | | Malvaceae | Lobed Leaved Mysore Mallow |
| Deeringia amaranthoides | Achyranthes amaranthoides, Celosia baccata, Deeringia baccata | Amaranthaceae | Shrubby Deeringia |
| Delonix elata | Poinciana elata | Caesalpiniaceae | White Gulmohar |
| Delonix regia | | Caesalpiniaceae | Gulmohar |
| Delosperma echinatum | Delosperma pruinosum, Mesembryanthemum echinatum | Aizoaceae | Pickle Cactus |
| Delphinium ajacis | Consolida ajacis, Delphinium orientale, Delphinium simplex | Ranunculaceae | Larkspur |
| Delphinium brunonianum | Delphinium jacquemontianum | Ranunculaceae | Musk Larkspur |
| Delphinium caeruleum | | Ranunculaceae | Dark-Blue Delphinium |
| Delphinium cashmerianum | | Ranunculaceae | Kashmir Larkspur |
| Delphinium densiflorum | Delphinium brunonianum var. densum | Ranunculaceae | Dense-Flowered Delphinium |
| Delphinium denudatum | | Ranunculaceae | Jadwar |
| Delphinium malabaricum | Delphinium dasycaulon var. malabaricum | Ranunculaceae | Malabar Delphinium |
| Delphinium nordhagenii | Delphinium brunonianum var. nordhagenii | Ranunculaceae | Pale-Petal Larkspur |
| Delphinium pyramidale | Delphinium ranunculifolium, Delphinium speciosum var. pyramidale | Ranunculaceae | Buttercup-Leaf Larkspur |
| Delphinium roylei | Delphinium incanum | Ranunculaceae | Long-Spur Larkspur |
| Delphinium vestitum | Delphinium chitralicum, Delphinium rectivenium | Ranunculaceae | Hairy Delphinium |
| Dendrobium aduncum | Callista adunca, Dendrobium oxyanthum, Dendrobium faulhaberianum | Orchidaceae | Angelfish Orchid |
| Dendrobium amoenum | Callista amoena, Dendrobium eggertoniae, Dendrobium mesochlorum | Orchidaceae | Lovely Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium amplum | Bulbophyllum amplum, Epigeneium amplum, Callista ampla | Orchidaceae | Large Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium anceps | Aporum anceps, Callista anceps, Ditulima anceps | Orchidaceae | Double-Edged Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium antennatum | Ceratobium antennatum, Callista antennata | Orchidaceae | Antelope Orchid |
| Dendrobium aphyllum | Dendrobium cucullatum, Epidendrum aphyllum | Orchidaceae | Leafless Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium aqueum | Callista aquea | Orchidaceae | Aqua Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium barbatulum | Dendrobium barbatulum Wight, Callista barbatula | Orchidaceae | Small Bearded Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium bicameratum | Callista bicamerata, Dendrobium breviflorum | Orchidaceae | Short Flower Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium bracteosum | Dendrobium dixsonii, Dendrobium chrysolabrum | Orchidaceae | Bracted Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium brunneum | Epigeneium chapaense, Sarcopodium chapaense | Orchidaceae | Brown Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium brymerianum | Callista brymerana, Dendrobium histrionicum | Orchidaceae | Cut-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium chrysanthum | | Orchidaceae | Golden Flowered Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium chrysotoxum | Dendrobium suavissimum | Orchidaceae | Golden Arch Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium crepidatum | Callista crepidata, Dendrobium lawianum, Callista lawiana | Orchidaceae | Shoe-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium crispum | Dendrobium humile, Dendrobium pygmaeum, Dendrobium peguanum | Orchidaceae | Wavy-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium crumenatum | Dendrobium caninum, Dendrobium papilioniferum | Orchidaceae | Pigeon Orchid |
| Dendrobium cumulatum | Callista cumulata, Eurycaulis cumulatus, Dendrobium eoum | Orchidaceae | Crowded Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium densiflorum | Callista densiflora, Callista clavata, Dendrobium clavatum | Orchidaceae | Pineapple Orchid |
| Dendrobium denudans | Callista denudans | Orchidaceae | Bare Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium devonianum | Callista devoniana, Dendrobium pictum, Dendrobium moulmeinense | Orchidaceae | Painted Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium eriiflorum | Callista eriiflora | Orchidaceae | Eria-Flower Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium falconeri | Callista falconeri, Dendrobium erythroglossum | Orchidaceae | Grass-Leaved Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium farmeri | Callista farmeri, Dendrobium densiflorum var. farmeri | Orchidaceae | Mauve Orange-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium fimbriatum | | Orchidaceae | Fringed-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium formosum | | Orchidaceae | Handsome Flowered Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium fugax | Flickingeria fugax, Callista fugax, Dendrobium sordidum | Orchidaceae | Fading Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium fuscescens | Epigeneium fuscescens, Bulbophyllum fuscescens, Callista fuscescens | Orchidaceae | Dusky Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium gibsonii | Dendrobium binoculare, Dendrobium fuscatum, Callista gibsonii | Orchidaceae | Two-Eyed Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium gratiosissimum | Callista gratiosissima, Dendrobium boxallii, Dendrobium bullerianum | Orchidaceae | Graceful Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium herbaceum | | Orchidaceae | Herbaceous Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium hesperis | Flickingeria hesperis | Orchidaceae | Arrow-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium heterocarpum | Callista aurea, Dendrobium aureum, Dendrobium citrinum | Orchidaceae | Golden-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium heyneanum | Callista heyneana | Orchidaceae | Deccan Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium hookerianum | Callista hookeriana, Dendrobium chrysotis | Orchidaceae | Golden Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium infundibulum | | Orchidaceae | Funnel Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium jenkinsii | | Orchidaceae | Thick-Leaf Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium jerdonianum | Callista jerdoniana, Callista nutans, Dendrobium nutantiflorum | Orchidaceae | Orange Kerala Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium kingianum | Callista kingiana, Dendrocoryne kingianum | Orchidaceae | Pink Rock Orchid |
| Dendrobium laevifolium | Maccraithea laevifolia, Dendrobium occultum, Pedilonum occultum | Orchidaceae | Shiny-Leaf Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium lituiflorum | Callista lituiflora, Dendrobium hanburyanum | Orchidaceae | Bent-Raceme Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium longicornu | Callista longicornis, Dendrobium flexuosum, Dendrobium hirsutum | Orchidaceae | Long-Horned Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium macrostachyum | Callista macrostachya, Dendrobium tetrodon, Dendrobium viridicatum | Orchidaceae | Fringed Tree Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium mannii | Aporum mannii | Orchidaceae | Small Yellow Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium monticola | Callista alpestris | Orchidaceae | Mountain Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium moschatum | | Orchidaceae | Musk Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium nanum | Dendrobium mabelae, Callista nana | Orchidaceae | Tiny Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium nobile | Dendrobium lindleyanum | Orchidaceae | Noble Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium nodosum | Flickingeria nodosa, Desmotrichum nodosum | Orchidaceae | Noded Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium ochreatum | Callista ochreata, Dendrobium cambridgeanum | Orchidaceae | Ochre-Yellow Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium ovatum | Dendrobium chlorops, Epidendrum ovatum, Cymbidium ovatum | Orchidaceae | Green Lipped Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium panduratum | Callista pandurata, Dendrobium panduratum subsp. panduratum | Orchidaceae | Pandurate Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium polyanthum | Dendrobium primulinum, Callista primulina | Orchidaceae | Primrose Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium porphyrochilum | Dendrobium caespitosum, Callista porphyrochila | Orchidaceae | Purple-Lipped Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium praecinctum | Callista praecincta, Dendrobium pauciflorum, Dendrobium sikkimense | Orchidaceae | Yellow Conical Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium rotundatum | Bulbophyllum rotundatum, Callista rotundata, Epigeneium rotundatum | Orchidaceae | Rounded Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium salaccense | Dendrobium bambusifolium, Dendrobium cathcartii, Dendrobium haemoglossum | Orchidaceae | Bamboo-Leaf Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium secundum | Dendrobium heterostigma, Callista secunda, Pedilonum secundum | Orchidaceae | Toothbrush Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium sessanicum | | Orchidaceae | Sessa Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium shompenii | Aporum shompenii | Orchidaceae | Shompen Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium spatella | Dendrobium banaense, Aporum spatella | Orchidaceae | Spatula-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium sulcatum | Callista sulcata, Dendrobium meghalayense | Orchidaceae | Furrowed-Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium terminale | Aporum terminale, Callista terminalis, Dendrobium verlaquii | Orchidaceae | Terminal Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium tetragonum | Callista tetragona, Dendrocoryne tetragonum, Tropilis tetragona | Orchidaceae | Tree Spider Orchid |
| Dendrobium thyrsiflorum | Callista thyrsiflora, Dendrobium densiflorum var. alboluteum | Orchidaceae | Pinecone Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium transparens | Callista transparens, Dendrobium henshallii | Orchidaceae | Translucent Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium turbinatum | Dendrobium crispum auct. non Dalz., Dendrobium microbulbon auct. non A. Rich., Lindl. | Orchidaceae | Spindle-Bulb Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium wardianum | Callista wardiana, Dendrobium wardianum var. assamicum | Orchidaceae | Pink-Tip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium wightii | Callista graminifolia | Orchidaceae | Pinkish-White Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium williamsonii | Callista lubbersiana, Callista williamsonii | Orchidaceae | Orange-Lip White Dendrobium |
| Dendrocalamus asper | Bambusa aspera, Bambusa macrostemis, Gigantochloa aspera | Poaceae | Rough Giant Bamboo |
| Dendrocalamus calostachyus | Bambusa calostachya, Sinocalamus calostachyus | Poaceae | Indian Bamboo |
| Dendrocalamus hamiltonii | Sinocalamus hamiltonii | Poaceae | Tama Bamboo |
| Dendrocalamus membranaceus | | Poaceae | Waya Bamboo |
| Dendrocalamus strictus | Bambusa stricta, Bambos stricta | Poaceae | Calcutta Bamboo |
| Dendrocnide sinuata | Urtica sinuata, Urtica pulus | Urticaceae | Stinging Tree |
| Dendrolirium andamanicum | Eria andamanica, Pinalia andamanica | Orchidaceae | Andaman Eria |
| Dendrolirium ferrugineum | Eria ferruginea, Pinalia ferruginea, Trichotosia ferruginea | Orchidaceae | Rusty Eria |
| Dendrolirium lasiopetalum | Eria lasiopetala, Eria flava, Eria lanata, Eria pubescens | Orchidaceae | Woolly Eria |
| Dendrolirium tomentosum | Eria tomentosa, Epidendrum tomentosum, Pinalia tomentosa | Orchidaceae | Velvety Eria |
| Dendrolobium triangulare | Hedysarum triangulare, Desmodium triangulare | Fabaceae | Triangular Horse Bush |
| Dendrolobium umbellatum | Desmodium umbellatum, Hedysarum umbellatum, Dendrolobium australe | Fabaceae | Horse Bush |
| Dendrophthoe falcata | Loranthus loniceroides, Loranthus falcatus, Loranthus indicus Desr. | Loranthaceae | Honey Suckle Mistletoe |
| Dendrophthoe falcata var. amplexifolia | Loranthus amplexicaulis, Scurrula amplexifolia | Loranthaceae | Clasping Leaf Mistletoe |
| Dendrophthoe falcata var. coccinea | | Loranthaceae | Red Honey Suckle Mistletoe |
| Dendrophthoe gamblei | | Loranthaceae | Orange Deccan Mistletoe |
| Dendrophthoe trigona | Elytranthe trigona | Loranthaceae | Three-Angled Mistletoe |
| Dentella repens | Oldenlandia repens, Hedyotis repens | Rubiaceae | Creeping Dentella |
| Derris andamanica | Derris sinuata | Fabaceae | Andaman Derris |
| Derris canarensis | Derris ovalifolia, Pongamia canarensis | Fabaceae | Kanara Derris |
| Derris heyneana | Pongamia heyneana, Derris heyneana var. paniculata, Derris bakeri | Fabaceae | Climbing Derris |
| Derris monticola | Millettia monticola, Phaseoloides monticola, Derris microptera | Fabaceae | Mountain Derris |
| Derris scandens | Dalbergia scandens, Dalbergia timoriensis, Deguelia timoriensis | Fabaceae | Jewel Vine |
| Derris trifoliata | Derris uliginosa, Pongamia uliginosa, Robinia uliginosa | Fabaceae | Common Derris |
| Descurainia sophia | Sisymbrium sophia | Brassicaceae | Herb Sophia |
| Desmanthus virgatus | Mimosa virgata, Acacia virgata | Mimosaceae | Wild Tantan |
| Desmodium scorpiurus | Hedysarum scorpiurus, Meibomia scorpiurus | Fabaceae | Scorpion Tick Trefoil |
| Desmos lawii | | Annonaceae | Sahyadri Ylang-Ylang |
| Desmostachya bipinnata | Uniola bipinnata, Poa cynosuriodes, Eragrostis cynosuroides | Poaceae | Daabh |
| Deutzia bhutanensis | | Hydrangeaceae | Bhutan Deutzia |
| Deutzia corymbosa | | Hydrangeaceae | Himalayan Deutzia |
| Deutzia pulchra | Deutzia acuminata, Deutzia hayatae, Deutzia bartlettii | Hydrangeaceae | Fairytale Flower |
| Deutzia scabra | Deutzia sieboldiana | Hydrangeaceae | Fuzzy Deutzia |
| Deutzia staminea | Deutzia brunoniana | Hydrangeaceae | Long-Stamen Deutzia |
| Dianella tasmanica | Dianella tasmanica var. variegata, Dianella hookeri | Liliaceae | Flax Lily |
| Dianthus anatolicus | Dianthus parviflorus, Dianthus kotschyanus | Caryophyllaceae | Anatolian Pink |
| Dianthus angulatus | Dianthus orientalis var. angulatus, Dianthus incertus | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Pinks |
| Dianthus barbatus | | Caryophyllaceae | Sweet William |
| Dianthus caryophyllus | | Caryophyllaceae | Carnation |
| Dianthus chinensis | Dianthus amurensis, Dianthus heddewigii, Dianthus laciniatus | Caryophyllaceae | China Pink |
| Dianthus falconeri | | Caryophyllaceae | Kashmir Pink |
| Diapensia himalaica | Diapensia acutifolia | Diapensiaceae | Himalayan Pincushion Plant |
| Diapensia purpurea | | Diapensiaceae | Purple Pincushion Plant |
| Dichanthium annulatum | Dichanthium papillosum, Andropogon annulatus | Poaceae | Sheda Grass |
| Dichanthium aristatum | Andropogon aristatus, Andropogon koenigii, Lepeocercis digitata | Poaceae | Angleton Bluestem Grass |
| Dichanthium foveolatum | Andropogon foveolatus, Eremopogon foveolatus, Cymbopogon strictus | Poaceae | Pitted Bluestem Grass |
| Dichanthium oliganthum | Indochloa oligantha | Poaceae | Few-Flowered Sheda Grass |
| Dichapetalum gelonioides | Chailletia gelonioides, Chailletia gelonioides, Dichapetalum kerrii | Dichapetalaceae | Gelonium Poison-Leaf |
| Dichorisandra penduliflora | Stickmannia penduliflora | Commelinaceae | Weeping Blue Ginger |
| Dichrocephala benthamii | Dichrocephala amphiloba, Dichrocephala bodinieri | Asteraceae | East-Asian Buttonhead |
| Dichrocephala chrysanthemifolia | Cotula chrysanthemifolia, Dichrocephala macrocephala, Dichrocephala oblonga | Asteraceae | Mum-Leaf Buttonhead |
| Dichrocephala integrifolia subsp. gracilis | Dichrocephala gracilis DC. | Asteraceae | Graceful Buttonhead |
| Dichrocephala integrifolia subsp. integrifolia | Dichrocephala latifolia, Centipeda latifolia, Cotula bicolor | Asteraceae | Bicolor Buttonhead |
| Dichrostachys cinerea | Cailliea glomerata, Dichrostachys glomerata, Mimosa cinerea | Mimosaceae | Sickle Bush |
| Dicliptera baphica | Dicliptera manilalii, Peristrophe montana, Justicia rubra | Acanthaceae | Mountain Foldwing |
| Dicliptera bupleuroides | Dicliptera bupleuroides var. roxburghiana, Dicliptera roxburghiana var. bupleuroides | Acanthaceae | Thorowax Foldwing |
| Dicliptera chinensis | Dicliptera roxburghiana, Justicia chinensis | Acanthaceae | Chinese Foldwing |
| Dicliptera cuneata | Diapedium cuneatum, Justicia latebrosa, | Acanthaceae | Wedge-Leaf Foldwing |
| Dicliptera foetida | Dicliptera zeylanica, Dicliptera bivalvis, Justicia foetida | Acanthaceae | Stinking Foldwing |
| Dicliptera paniculata | Dicliptera bicalyculata, Peristrophe paniculata | Acanthaceae | Panicled Foldwing |
| Dicliptera raui | Peristrophe speciosa, Justicia speciosa, Ecbolium speciosum | Acanthaceae | Showy Foldwing |
| Dicliptera tinctoria | Peristrophe bivalvis, Justicia bivalvis, Peristrophe tinctoria | Acanthaceae | Dye Foldwing |
| Dicoma tomentosa | Acilepis lanata, Dicoma gnaphaloides, Dicoma lanuginosa | Asteraceae | Woolly Dicoma |
| Dictyospermum montanum | Aneilema montanum, Commelina montana Steud. [Invalid] | Commelinaceae | Mountain Dayflower |
| Dictyospermum ovalifolium | Aneilema ovalifolium, Dictyospermum wightii | Commelinaceae | Oval-Leaf Dayflower |
| Didymocarpus aromaticus | Roettlera aromatica, Didymocarpus subalternans, Henckelia aromatica | Gesneriaceae | Fragrant Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus aurantiacus | | Gesneriaceae | Orange Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus cinereus | Henckelia cinerea, Didymocarpus obtusus, Roettlera cinerea | Gesneriaceae | Ashy Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus hookeri | Roettlera hookeri | Gesneriaceae | East-Indian Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus lineicapsa | Trisepalum lineicapsa | Gesneriaceae | Mizoram Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus moellerii | | Gesneriaceae | Arunachal Orange Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus parryorum | | Gesneriaceae | Orange Mizoram Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus pedicellatus | Didymocarpus pedicellata | Gesneriaceae | Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus punduanus | Roettlera punduana | Gesneriaceae | Pandua Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus pygmaeus | Roettlera pygmaea | Gesneriaceae | Pygmy Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus vickifunkiae | | Gesneriaceae | Mizoram White Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus yunnanensis | Roettlera yunnanensis | Gesneriaceae | Yunnan Stone Flower |
| Didymoplexis pallens | Apetalon minutum, Cheirostylis kanarensis | Orchidaceae | Crystal Bells |
| Dieffenbachia seguine | | Araceae | Dumb Cane |
| Dienia cylindrostachya | Malaxis cylindrostachya, Microstylis cylindrostachya | Orchidaceae | Adder Mouth Orchid |
| Dienia ophrydis | Malaxis ophrydis, Malaxis latifolia | Orchidaceae | Common Snout Orchid |
| Dietes bicolor | Moraea bicolor, Iris bicolor Lindl. [Illeg.] | Iridaceae | Fortnight Lily |
| Dietes grandiflora | | Iridaceae | Wild Iris |
| Digera muricata | Achyranthes alternifolia, Chamissoa muricata, Digera arvensis | Amaranthaceae | False Amaranth |
| Digitalis grandiflora | Digitalis flava, Digitalis ambigua, Digitalis orientalis | Plantaginaceae | Large Yellow Foxglove |
| Digitalis lanata | Digitalis orientalis, Digitalis nova | Plantaginaceae | Grecian Foxglove |
| Digitalis purpurea | | Plantaginaceae | Foxglove |
| Digitaria abludens | Digitaria pedicellaris, Panicum paradoxum, Panicum abludens | Poaceae | Stalked Crabgrass |
| Digitaria bicornis | Digitaria barbata, Digitaria diversiflora, Panicum bicorne | Poaceae | Asian Crabgrass |
| Digitaria ciliaris | Panicum ciliare, Digitaria adscendens, Syntherisma ciliare | Poaceae | Wild Crabgrass |
| Diglyphosa latifolia | Chrysoglossum latifolium, Chrysoglossum macrophyllum, Diglyphosa macrophylla | Orchidaceae | Broadleaf Golden-Tongue Orchid |
| Dillenia andamanica | | Dilleniaceae | Andaman Dillenia |
| Dillenia indica | | Dilleniaceae | Elephant Apple |
| Dillenia pentagyna | Dillenia floribunda, Dillenia hainanensis | Dilleniaceae | Karmal |
| Dillenia suffruticosa | Wormia suffruticosa | Dilleniaceae | Shrubby Dillenia |
| Dimetia scandens | Hedyotis scandens, Hedyotis volubilis, Oldenlandia scandens | Rubiaceae | Climbing Diamond Flower |
| Dimocarpus longan | Euphoria longana, Nephelium longana | Sapindaceae | Dragon's Eyes |
| Dimorphotheca pluvialis | Dimorphotheca annua, Calendula pluvialis | Asteraceae | White African Daisy |
| Dimorphotheca sinuata | | Asteraceae | African Daisy orange |
| Dimorphotheca sinuata | | Asteraceae | African Daisy yellow |
| Dinebra retroflexa | Cynosurus retroflexus, Dinebra paspaloides | Poaceae | Viper Grass |
| Dinetus malabaricus | Porana malabarica, Porana racemosa sensu authors not Roxb. | Convolvulaceae | Malabar Snow Creeper |
| Dinetus racemosus | Porana racemosa Roxb., Porana cordifolia | Convolvulaceae | Snow Creeper |
| Dionaea muscipula | Dionaea uniflora, Dionaea sensitiva | Droseraceae | Venus Flytrap |
| Dioscorea bulbifera | | Dioscoreaceae | Air Yam |
| Dioscorea deltoidea | Tamus nepalensis, Dioscorea nepalensis | Dioscoreaceae | Nepal Yam |
| Dioscorea hispida | Dioscorea hirsuta, Dioscorea daemona, Dioscorea lunata | Dioscoreaceae | Intoxicating Yam |
| Dioscorea melanophyma | Dioscorea tenii | Dioscoreaceae | Black-Bulb Yam |
| Dioscorea oppositifolia | Dioscorea opposita | Dioscoreaceae | Cinnamon Vine |
| Dioscorea pentaphylla | Dioscorea triphylla | Dioscoreaceae | Five Leaf Yam |
| Dioscorea wallichii | Dioscorea wallichii var. christiei, Dioscorea wallichii var. vera | Dioscoreaceae | Indian Wild Yam |
| Diospyros buxifolia | Diospyros elegantissima, Diospyros microphylla, Diospyros munda | Ebenaceae | Box-Leaf Persimmon |
| Diospyros chloroxylon | Diospyros capitulata, Diospyros tomentosa, Diospyros insculpta | Ebenaceae | Green Ebony Persimmon |
| Diospyros ebenum | Diospyros ebenaster, Diospyros assimilis, Diospyros timoriana | Ebenaceae | Indian Ebony |
| Diospyros ferrea | Diospyros angustifolia, Diospyros vera, Diospyros ferrea | Ebenaceae | Black-Bark Persimmon |
| Diospyros insignis | Diospyros insignis var. parvifolia | Ebenaceae | Grand Ebony |
| Diospyros kaki | Diospyros amara, Diospyros kaempferi, Diospyros sinensis | Ebenaceae | Japanese Persimmon |
| Diospyros lotus | Diospyros calycina, Diospyros umlovok, Diospyros mediterranea | Ebenaceae | Date Plum |
| Diospyros malabarica | Garcinia malabarica, Diospyros peregrina | Ebenaceae | Gaub |
| Diospyros melanoxylon | Diospyros tupru, Diospyros dubia, Diospyros wightiana | Ebenaceae | Coromandel Ebony |
| Diospyros montana | Diospyros cordifolia, Diospyros montana var. cordifolia | Ebenaceae | Bistendu |
| Diospyros neilgerrensis | Maba angustifolia, Diospyros angustifolia Kosterm | Ebenaceae | Nilgiri Ebony |
| Diospyros oocarpa | | Ebenaceae | Andaman Marblewood |
| Diospyros paniculata | | Ebenaceae | Panicled Ebony |
| Diospyros philippinensis | | Ebenaceae | Mabolo |
| Diospyros sylvatica | | Ebenaceae | Forest Ebony |
| Diospyros vera | Diospyros angustifolia Kosterm. [Illegitimate], Maba nigrescens | Ebenaceae | Narrow-Leaved Ebony |
| Dipcadi concanense | Ornithogalum concanense, Uropetalon concanense | Asparagaceae | Konkan Dipcadi |
| Dipcadi goaense | | Asparagaceae | Goa Dipcadi |
| Dipcadi krishnadevarayae | | Asparagaceae | Krishna Deva Raya Dipcadi |
| Dipcadi montanum | Ornithogalum turbinatum, Uropetalon montanum | Asparagaceae | Mountain Dipcadi |
| Dipcadi saxorum | Ornithogalum saxorum | Asparagaceae | Rock Dipcadi |
| Dipcadi ursulae | Ornithogalum ursulae, Dipcadi ursulae var. ursulae | Asparagaceae | Maharashtra Dipcadi |
| Diplachne fusca | Leptochloa fusca, Poa fusca, Diplachne polystachia | Poaceae | Bearded Sprangletop |
| Diplocentrum congestum | | Orchidaceae | Congested Diplocentrum |
| Diplocentrum recurvum | Diplocentrum longifolium | Orchidaceae | Long-Leaf Diplocentrum |
| Diploclisia glaucescens | Cocculus glaucescens, Cocculus macrocarpus | Menispermaceae | Glaucous Diploclisia |
| Diplocyclos palmatus | Bryonia palmata, Zehneria erythrocarpa, Bryonopsis laciniosa | Cucurbitaceae | Lollipop Climber |
| Diploknema butyracea | Bassia butyracea, Aesandra butyracea, Madhuca butyracea | Sapotaceae | Indian Butter Tree |
| Diplomeris hirsuta | Diplochilos hirsutus | Orchidaceae | Snow Orchid |
| Diploprora championii | Cottonia championii, Stauropsis championii, Vanda bicaudata | Orchidaceae | Two-Tail Vanda |
| Dipsacus inermis | Dipsacus auriculatus, Dipsacus mitis, Cephalaria cachemirica | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Teasel |
| Dipterocarpus retusus | Dipterocarpus macrocarpus, Dipterocarpus trinervis, Dipterocarpus pubescens | Dipterocarpaceae | Rusty Leaf Garjan |
| Dipterocarpus turbinatus | Dipterocarpus jourdainii | Dipterocarpaceae | Garjan |
| Dipterygium glaucum | Dipterygium scabrum, Pteroloma arabicum | Cleomaceae | Safrawi |
| Dischidia bengalensis | Dischidia cuneifolia, Dischidia spatulata, Dischidia loeseneriana | Apocynaceae | Bengal Succulent Vine |
| Dischidia vidalii | Dischidia pectenoides | Apocynaceae | Kangaroo Pocket |
| Discospermum apiocarpum | Diplospora apiocarpa, Tricalysia apiocarpa | Rubiaceae | Pear-Fruited Discospermum |
| Disocactus x hybridus | | Cactaceae | Red Hybrid Orchid Cactus |
| Disperis neilgherrensis | Disperis zeylanica, Disperis siamensis, Disperis orientalis | Orchidaceae | Nilgiri Disperis |
| Disporum cantoniense | Fritillaria cantoniensis | Colchicaceae | Chinese Fairy Bells |
| Disporum leucanthum | | Colchicaceae | White Fairy Bells |
| Distimake aegyptius | Ipomoea aegyptia, Convolvulus vitifolius, Merremia aegyptia | Convolvulaceae | Egyptian Woodrose |
| Distimake dissectus | Merremia dissecta, Ipomoea dissecta, Convolvulus dissectus | Convolvulaceae | Alamo Vine |
| Distimake quinatus | Convolvulus quinatus, Ipomoea quinata, Merremia quinata | Convolvulaceae | Five-Leaf Morning Glory |
| Distimake quinquefolius | Ipomoea quinquefolia, Convolvulus quinquefolia, Merremia quinquefolia | Convolvulaceae | Five-Fingered Morning Glory |
| Distimake rhyncorhiza | Ipomoea rhyncorhiza, Merremia rhynchorhiza | Convolvulaceae | Beaked-Root Morning Glory |
| Distimake tuberosus | Merremia tuberosa, Ipomoea tuberosa, Convolvulus tuberosus | Convolvulaceae | Spanish Arborvine |
| Dobinea vulgaris | | Anacardiaceae | Common Dobinea |
| Dodecadenia grandiflora | Litsea grandiflora, Litsea monantha, Dodecadenia griffithii | Lauraceae | One-Flowered Litsea |
| Dodonaea viscosa | | Sapindaceae | Hop Bush |
| Dolichandra unguis-cati | Macfadyena unguis-cati, Bignonia unguis-cati, Doxantha unguis-cati | Bignoniaceae | Cat's Claw |
| Dolichandrone atrovirens | Bignonia atrovirens, Bignonia crispa, Spathodea atrovirens | Bignoniaceae | Wavy Trumpet Flower |
| Dolichandrone falcata | Spathodea falcata | Bignoniaceae | Medhshingi |
| Dolichandrone spathacea | Bignonia spathacea, Spathodea grandiflora, Spathodea longiflora | Bignoniaceae | Mangrove Trumpet Tree |
| Dolichos trilobus | Dolichos cristatus, Dolichos falcatus, Dolichos tuberosus | Fabaceae | Sickle Bean |
| Dolomiaea costus | Saussurea costus, Aucklandia costus, Saussurea lappa | Asteraceae | Costus |
| Dolomiaea macrocephala | Carduus nepalensis, Jurinea dolomiaea, Jurinella macrocephala | Asteraceae | Himalayan Dolomiaea |
| Dombeya pulchra | | Malvaceae | Silver Dombeya |
| Dombeya spectabilis | Assonia spectabilis | Malvaceae | Dombeya |
| Dombeya tiliacea | Dombeya natalensis, Dombeya gracilis | Malvaceae | Forest Wild Pear |
| Dombeya wallichii | Astrapaea wallichii | Malvaceae | Pink Ball Dombeya |
| Donax canniformis | Donax gracilis, Maranta grandis, Phrynium canniforme | Marantaceae | Canna-Leaf Donax |
| Dopatrium junceum | Gratiola juncea, Dopatrium aristatum, Dopatrium japonicum | Plantaginaceae | Rushlike Dopatrium |
| Dopatrium nudicaule | Gratiola aphylla, Gratiola cuneifolia, Gratiola nudicaulis | Plantaginaceae | Leafless Dopatrium |
| Doronicum kamaonense | Doronicum roylei, Fullartonia kamaonensis | Asteraceae | Kumaon Darunaj |
| Dorstenia contrajerva | Dorstenia alexiteria, Dorstenia houstonii, Dorstenia quadrangularis | Moraceae | Snakewort |
| Dorstenia foetida | | Moraceae | Grendelion |
| Dorstenia indica | | Moraceae | Indian Snakewort |
| Draba lanceolata | Draba denserosulata, Draba stylaris var. leiocarpa | Brassicaceae | Lanceleaf Whitlow Grass |
| Draba nemorosa | Draba lutea, Draba muralis, Draba pontica, Draba gracilis | Brassicaceae | Forest Whitlow Grass |
| Draba oreades | Draba alpicola, Draba rockii, Draba tianschanica | Brassicaceae | Mountain Whitlow Grass |
| Draba stenocarpa | Draba linearis, Draba media | Brassicaceae | Narrow-Fruit Whitlow Grass |
| Dracaena angolensis | Sansevieria cylindrica, Sansevieria livingstoniae, Acyntha cylindrica | Asparagaceae | Spear Sansevieria |
| Dracaena angustifolia | Dracaena fruticosa, Sansevieria flexuosa, Pleomele fruticosa | Asparagaceae | Narrow-Leaf Dragon Tree |
| Dracaena draco | Asparagus draco, Draco arbor, Palma draco, Yucca draco | Asparagaceae | Dragon Tree |
| Dracaena fragrans | Aletris fragrans | Asparagaceae | Corn Plant |
| Dracaena spicata | Draco spicata, Dracaena pachyphylla, Dracaena wallichii | Asparagaceae | Spiked Dracena |
| Dracaena surculosa | Draco surculosa, Pleomele surculosa | Asparagaceae | Gold-Dust Dracaena |
| Dracaena trifasciata | Sansevieria trifasciata, Sansevieria laurentii, Sansevieria jacquinii | Asparagaceae | Snake Plant |
| Dracocephalum heterophyllum | | Lamiaceae | White Dragonhead |
| Dracocephalum moldavica | | Lamiaceae | Moldavian Dragonhead |
| Dracocephalum nutans | Dracocephalum alpinum, Zornia nutans, Ruyschiana nutans | Lamiaceae | Nodding Dragonhead |
| Dracocephalum wallichii | | Lamiaceae | Purple Dragonhead |
| Drepanostachyum falcatum | Arundinaria falcata, Bambusa gracilis, Ludolfia falcata | Poaceae | Himalayan Weeping Bamboo |
| Drepanostachyum intermedium | Arundinaria intermedia, Sinarundinaria intermedia, Chimonobambusa intermedia | Poaceae | Intermediate Cane Bamboo |
| Drimia indica | Scilla indica, Urginea coromandeliana, Urginea indica | Asparagaceae | Indian Squill |
| Drimia razii | Indurgia razii, Thuranthos razii, Urginea razii | Asparagaceae | Lax-Flowered Squill |
| Drimia wightii | Drimia congesta, Indurgia congesta, Urginea congesta, Thuranthos congestus | Asparagaceae | Congested-Flower Squill |
| Drimiopsis maculata | Drimia petiolata, Drimiopsis minor, Ledebouria petiolata | Asparagaceae | Spotted-Leaf Squill |
| Drosera burmanni | Drosera indica var. dietrichiana | Droseraceae | Tropical Sundew |
| Drosera indica | | Droseraceae | Flycatcher |
| Drosera peltata | | Droseraceae | Shield Sundew |
| Drosera prolifera | | Droseraceae | Trailing Sundew |
| Drosera spatulata | Drosera minutula, Drosera loureirii, Drosera lovellae | Droseraceae | Spoon-Leaf Sundew |
| Drymaria cordata | Stellaria adenophora, Drymaria procumbens, Alsine rotundifolia | Caryophyllaceae | Tropical Chickweed |
| Drypetes assamica | Cyclostemon assamicus | Putranjivaceae | Assam Boxwood |
| Drypetes oblongifolia | Laneasagum oblongifolium, Cyclostemon macrophyllus var. penincularis | Putranjivaceae | Oblong-Leaf Boxwood |
| Drypetes sepiaria | Hemicyclia sepiaria | Putranjivaceae | Hedge Boxwood |
| Duabanga grandiflora | Duabanga sonneratioides | Lythraceae | Duabanga |
| Dubyaea hispida | Crepis dubyaea, Dubyaea bhotanica, Lactuca dubyaea | Asteraceae | Bristly Dubyaea |
| Duhaldea cappa | Conyza cappa, Inula cappa | Asteraceae | Fragrant Inula |
| Duhaldea cuspidata | Inula cuspidata, Helenium cuspidatum, Inula polycephala | Asteraceae | Lanceleaf Inula |
| Duhaldea eupatorioides | Inula eupatorioides, Helenium eupatoriodes | Asteraceae | Boneset-Leaf Inula |
| Duhaldea nervosa | Inula asperrima, Inula nitida, Inula venosa, Inula nervosa | Asteraceae | Veined-Leaf Inula |
| Duhaldea simonsii | Inula simonsii, Helenium simonsii | Asteraceae | East-Himalayan Inula |
| Dumasia villosa | Dumasia pubescens, Dumasia congesta, Dumasia glaucescens | Fabaceae | Himalayan Dumasia |
| Dunbaria ferruginea | Collaea venosa, Cylista ferruginea | Fabaceae | Rusty Dunbaria |
| Dunbaria punctata | Dunbaria rotundifolia, Dolichos punctatus, Dunbaria conspersa | Fabaceae | Dotted Dunbaria |
| Duranta erecta | Duranta repens, Duranta spinosa, Duranta plumieri | Verbenaceae | Sky Flower |
| Dyckia brevifolia | Dyckia gemellaria, Dyckia sulphurea | Bromeliaceae | Pineapple Dyckia |
| Dyerophytum indicum | Plumbago arabica, Vogelia indica, Dyerophytum arabicum | Plumbaginaceae | Indian Desert Statice |
| Dypsis lutescens | | Arecaceae | Golden Cane Palm |
| Dyschoriste erecta | Dyschoriste nagchana, Dipteracanthus nagchana, Dyschoriste depressa | Acanthaceae | Erect Snakeherb |
| Dyschoriste madurensis | Dyschoriste littoralis | Acanthaceae | Madurai Snakeherb |
| Dyschoriste vagans | Calophanes vagans, Dipteracanthus vagans | Acanthaceae | Wandering Snakeherb |
| Dysoxylum gotadhora | Guarea gotadhora, Dysoxylum binectariferum, Guarea binectarifera | Meliaceae | Cup-Calyx White Cedar |
| Dysphania ambrosioides | Chenopodium ambrosioides | Chenopodiaceae | Mexican Tea |
| Dysphania botrys | Chenopodium botrys, Chenopodium botrydium, Chenopodium ilicifolium | Amaranthaceae | Jerusalem-Oak Goosefoot |
| Ebenopsis ebano | Acacia flexicaulis, Mimosa ebano | Mimosaceae | Texas Ebony |
| Ecbolium ligustrinum | Ecbolium linneanum, Justicia ecbolium, Justicia ligustrina | Acanthaceae | Blue Fox Tail |
| Ecbolium viride | Justicia viridis, Ecbolium linneanum var. rotundifolium, Justicia rotundifolia | Acanthaceae | Green Shrimp Plant |
| Echeveria gibbiflora | Cotyledon gibbiflora, Echeveria metallica, Echeveria grandis | Crassulaceae | Swollen-Flower Echeveria |
| Echeveria grisea | | Crassulaceae | Grey Echeveria |
| Echeveria harmsii | Oliveranthus elegans, Cotyledon elegans | Crassulaceae | Plush Plant |
| Echeveria prolifica | | Crassulaceae | Prolific Echeveria |
| Echeveria pulidonis | | Crassulaceae | Yellow Echeveria |
| Echinacea purpurea | Rudbeckia purpurea | Asteraceae | Eastern Purple Coneflower |
| Echinocereus pentalophus | Cereus pentalophus | Cactaceae | Ladyfinger Cactus |
| Echinochloa colonum | Panicum colonum, Orthopogon dichotomus, Oplismenus colonum | Poaceae | Jungle Rice |
| Echinochloa crus-galli | Panicum crus-galli | Poaceae | Barnyard Grass |
| Echinochloa frumentacea | Panicum crus-galli var. edule | Poaceae | Japanese Millet |
| Echinodorus cordifolius | Alisma cordifolium, Sagittaria cordifolia | Alismataceae | Large-Leaf Sword-Plant |
| Echinops cornigerus | Echinops coriarius, Echinops polygraphus | Asteraceae | Blue Globe Thistle |
| Echinops echinatus | | Asteraceae | Indian Globe Thistle |
| Echinopsis oxygona | | Cactaceae | Easter Lily Cactus |
| Echinops niveus | | Asteraceae | Snow-White Globe Thistle |
| Echinops sahyadricus | | Asteraceae | Sahyadri Globe Thistle |
| Echiochilon pauciflorum | Sericostoma pauciflorum | Boraginaceae | Few-Flowered Bushy Bugloss |
| Echium plantagineum | Echium orientale, Echium lycopsis, Echium violaceum | Boraginaceae | Purple Viper's Bugloss |
| Eclipta prostrata | Eclipta erecta, Eclipta alba, Eclipta punctata | Asteraceae | False Daisy |
| Edgeworthia gardneri | Daphne gardneri | Thymelaeaceae | Nepalese Paper Bush |
| Ehretia acuminata | Ehretia serrata, Cordia thyrsiflora, Ehretia ovalifolia | Boraginaceae | Koda Tree |
| Ehretia anacua | Ehretia elliptica, Ehretia scabra, Ehretia ciliata | Boraginaceae | Anacua |
| Ehretia aspera | Ehretia laevis, Ehretia punctata, Ehretia heynei | Boraginaceae | Chamror |
| Ehretia cymosa | Ehretia breviflora, Ehretia diffusa | Boraginaceae | Murembu Tree |
| Ehretia microphylla | Carmona retusa | Boraginaceae | Fukien Tea |
| Elaeagnus angustifolia | Elaeagnus orientalis, Elaeagnus hortensis, Elaeagnus igda | Elaeagnaceae | Russian Silverberry |
| Elaeagnus conferta | Elaeagnus javanica, Elaeagnus nepalensis, Elaeagnus arborea | Elaeagnaceae | Eastern Silverberry |
| Elaeagnus indica | | Elaeagnaceae | Indian Silverberry |
| Elaeagnus infundibularis | Elaeagnus armata | Elaeagnaceae | Funnel-Flower Silverberry |
| Elaeagnus latifolia | Elaeagnus kologa, Elaeagnus arborea, Elaeagnus elliptica | Elaeagnaceae | South Indian Silverberry |
| Elaeagnus umbellata | Elaeagnus obovata, Elaeagnus crispa, Elaeagnus parvifolia | Elaeagnaceae | Japanese Silverberry |
| Elaeis guineensis | Elaeis melanococca, Elaeis madagascariensis | Arecaceae | African Oil Palm |
| Elaeocarpus angustifolius | Elaeocarpus grandis, Elaeocarpus ganitrus, Elaeocarpus crenatus | Elaeocarpaceae | Blue Marble Tree |
| Elaeocarpus floribundus | | Elaeocarpaceae | Indian Olive |
| Elaeocarpus grandiflorus | Elaeocarpus lanceolatus, Monocera grandiflora, Perinka grandiflora | Elaeocarpaceae | Lily of the Valley Tree |
| Elaeocarpus lanceifolius | Elaeocarpus lacunosus, Elaeocarpus lanceolatus, Elaeocarpus serrulatus | Elaeocarpaceae | Lanceleaf Marble Tree |
| Elaeocarpus munroii | | Elaeocarpaceae | Nilgiri Marble Tree |
| Elaeocarpus recurvatus | | Elaeocarpaceae | Nilgiri Rudraksh |
| Elaeocarpus serratus | Elaeocarpus malabaricus, Elaeocarpus cuneatus | Elaeocarpaceae | Ceylon Olive |
| Elaeocarpus tuberculatus | Elaeocarpus bilocularis | Elaeocarpaceae | Warty Marble Tree |
| Elaeocarpus variabilis | Elaeocarpus glandulosus, Elaeocarpus oblongus | Elaeocarpaceae | South Indian Marble Tree |
| Elaeodendron orientale | Cassine orientalis | Celastraceae | False Olive |
| Elatostema acuminatum | Boehmeria acuminata, Langeveldia acuminata, Elatostema lowii | Urticaceae | Tapering-Leaf Elatostema |
| Elatostema dissectum | Elatostema paragungshanense | Urticaceae | East-Himalayan Elatostema |
| Elatostema hookerianum | Elatostema subfalcatum | Urticaceae | Curved-Leaf Elatostema |
| Elatostema integrifolium | Procris integrifolia | Urticaceae | Entire-Leaf Elatostema |
| Elatostema lineolatum | Elatostema tumidulum | Urticaceae | Lined Elatostema |
| Elatostema monandrum | Elatostema diversifolium, Elatostema surculosum, Elatostema laetum | Urticaceae | One-Stamen Elatostema |
| Elatostema sessile | Elatostema pubescens, Dorstenia pubescens | Urticaceae | Stalkless Elatostema |
| Eleiotis monophyllos | Eleiotis sororia, Hallia sororia, Glycine monophyllos | Fabaceae | One-Leaf Glycine |
| Eleocharis atropurpurea | Eleocharis erratica, Eleocharis multiflora, Eleocharis monandra | Cyperaceae | Purple Spike-Rush |
| Eleocharis dulcis | Scirpus spiralis, Carex tuberosa, Andropogon dulcis | Cyperaceae | Chinese Water Chestnut |
| Eleocharis geniculata | Cyperus capitatus, Eleocharis capitata, Eleogenus capitatus | Cyperaceae | Knoblike Spikesedge |
| Eleocharis palustris | Cyperus palustris, Scirpus palustris, Trichophyllum palustre | Cyperaceae | Marsh Spike-Rush |
| Eleocharis retroflexa | Scirpus retroflexus, Baeothryon retroflexum | Cyperaceae | Coastal Plain Spike-Rush |
| Elephantopus scaber | Scabiosa cochinchinensis, Asterocephalus cochinchinensis | Asteraceae | Elephant Foot |
| Elettaria cardamomum | Amomum cardamomum, Amomum repens, Alpinia cardamomum | Zingiberaceae | Cardamom |
| Eleusine coracana | Cynosurus coracanus, Eleusine africana, Eleusine tocussa | Poaceae | Finger Millet |
| Eleusine indica | Cynosurus indicus, Eleusine japonica | Poaceae | Indian Crowfoot Grass |
| Eleutheranthera ruderalis | Kegelia ruderalis, Ogiera ruderalis | Asteraceae | Ogiera |
| Eleutherine bulbosa | Galatea bulbosa, Eleutherine americana, Bermudiana bulbosa | Iridaceae | Dayak Onion |
| Eleutherococcus cissifolius | Aralia cissifolia, Eleutherococcus cissifolius var. cissifolius, Acanthopanax cissifolius | Araliaceae | Grape-Leaf Eleuthero |
| Elsholtzia blanda | Perilla elata, Aphanochilus blandus | Lamiaceae | Pleasant Himalayan Mint |
| Elsholtzia ciliata | Sideritis ciliata, Elsholtzia cristata, Elsholtzia patrinii | Lamiaceae | Crested Late-Summer Mint |
| Elsholtzia densa | Elsholtzia calycocarpa, Elsholtzia manshurica, Elsholtzia ianthina | Lamiaceae | Dense Himalayan Mint |
| Elsholtzia eriostachya | Elsholtzia pusilla, Elsholtzia hoffmeisteri, Aphanochilus eriostachyus | Lamiaceae | Fuzzy Himalayan Mint |
| Elsholtzia flava | Aphanochilus flavus | Lamiaceae | Yellow Himalayan Mint |
| Elsholtzia fruticosa | | Lamiaceae | Shrubby Mint |
| Elsholtzia griffithii | | Lamiaceae | East-Indian Mint |
| Elsholtzia stachyodes | Elsholtzia incisa, Elsholtzia major, Mentha blanda | Lamiaceae | Spiked Mint |
| Elsholtzia strobilifera | Elsholtzia exigua, Mentha strobilifera, Cyclostegia strobilifera | Lamiaceae | Pinecone Mint |
| Elwendia persica | Carum persicum, Bunium persicum, Pimpinella cyminosma | Apiaceae | Black Cumin |
| Elytranthe albida | Loranthus albidus, Elytranthe henryi | Loranthaceae | Pale Bark Mistletoe |
| Elytraria acaulis | | Acanthaceae | Asian Scalystem |
| Embelia arunachalensis | | Primulaceae | Arunachal Embelia |
| Embelia drupacea | Embelia aurantiaca, Myrsine aurantiaca, Samara aurantiaca | Primulaceae | Orange Embelia |
| Embelia ribes | Embelia paniculata, Antidesma ribes | Primulaceae | Vidang |
| Embelia tsjeriam-cottam | Embelia basaal, Embelia robusta | Primulaceae | Malabar Embelia |
| Emblica lawii | Phyllanthus lawii, Phyllanthus nemorum, Phyllanthus polyphyllus | Phyllanthaceae | Western Ghats Gooseberry |
| Emblica officinalis | Phyllanthus officinalis | Phyllanthaceae | Amla |
| Emblica racemosa | Phyllanthus racemosus, Phyllanthus polyphyllus, Phyllanthus emblicoides | Phyllanthaceae | Shrub Amla |
| Emblica urinaria | Phyllanthus urinaria, Phyllanthus leprocarpus | Phyllanthaceae | Chamber Bitter |
| Emilia ramulosa | | Asteraceae | Nilgiri Emilia |
| Emilia scabra | | Asteraceae | Rough Emilia |
| Emilia sonchifolia | Emilia sinica, Senecio rapae, Crassocephalum sonchifolium | Asteraceae | Purple Sow Thistle |
| Endostemon viscosus | Ocimum viscosum, Plectranthus viscosus, Orthosiphon diffusus | Lamiaceae | Sticky Wild Basil |
| Engelhardia spicata | Engelhardtia spicata, Engelhardia aceriflora, Gyrocarpus pendulus | Juglandaceae | Mauwa |
| Enicostema axillare | | Gentianaceae | Indian Whitehead |
| Enkianthus deflexus | Enkianthus himalaicus, Rhodora deflexa | Ericaceae | Himalayan Red Bells |
| Enneapogon cenchroides | Enneapogon mollis, Pappophorum cenchroides | Poaceae | Grey Sour Grass |
| Enneapogon persicus | Enneapogon elegans, | Poaceae | Persian Pappus-Grass |
| Ensete glaucum | Musa nepalensis | Musaceae | Snow Banana |
| Ensete superbum | Musa superba | Musaceae | Rock Banana |
| Entada rheedei | Entada rheedii, Entada pursaetha | Mimosaceae | African Dream Herb |
| Enterolobium contortisiliquum | Enterolobium glaucescens, Mimosa contortisiliqua | Mimosaceae | Earpod Tree |
| Enteropogon dolichostachyus | Chloris digitata, Digitaria elongata, Chloris medinipurensis | Poaceae | Long-Spike Finger Grass |
| Enydra fluctuans | Enydra anagallis, Enydra hingcha, | Asteraceae | Buffalo Spinach |
| Epaltes divaricata | Epaltes hirsuta, Epaltes linearifolia, Erigerodes divaricatum | Asteraceae | Narrow-Leaf Epaltes |
| Ephedra gerardiana | | Ephedraceae | Somlata |
| Ephedra intermedia | Ephedra glauca, Ephedra tibetica, Ephedra persica, Ephedra microsperma | Ephedraceae | Central-Asian Jointfir |
| Ephedra regeliana | Ephedra pulvinaris | Ephedraceae | Turkistan Jointfir |
| Epidendrum radicans | Epidendrum pratense, Epidendrum rhizophorum | Orchidaceae | Red Crucifix Orchid |
| Epilobium amurense subsp. amurense | Epilobium amurense subsp. laetum, Epilobium nepalense | Onagraceae | Amur Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium angustifolium subsp. circumvagum | Epilobium platyphyllum, Chamaenerion danielsii | Onagraceae | Rosebay Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium brevifolium subsp. brevifolium | Epilobium trichoneurum var. brachyphyllum | Onagraceae | Broadleaf Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium hirsutum | Chamaenerion hirsutum, Epilobium hirsutum var. laetum | Onagraceae | Hairy Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium latifolium | | Onagraceae | River Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium laxum | | Onagraceae | Lax Willowherb |
| Epilobium parviflorum | Chamaenerion parviflorum, Epilobium molle, Epilobium villosum | Onagraceae | Small-Flowered Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium royleanum | Epilobium himalayense, Epilobium lividum, Epilobium roseum var. indicum | Onagraceae | Himalayan Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium speciosum | Chamaenerion speciosum, Epilobium latifolium subsp. speciosum | Onagraceae | Showy Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium tibetanum | | Onagraceae | Tibetan Willow-Herb |
| Epimedium elatum | Epimedium hydaspidis | Berberidaceae | Himalayan Barrenwort |
| Epipactis helleborine | Epipactis latifolia, Helleborine macrostachya, Serapias helleborine | Orchidaceae | Broadleaf Helleborine |
| Epipactis royleana | Helleborine royleana, Amesia royleana, Cephalanthera royleana | Orchidaceae | Red Helleborine |
| Epipactis veratrifolia | Epipactis consimilis, Epipactis wallichii, Helleborine veratrifolia | Orchidaceae | Eastern Marsh Helleborine |
| Epiphyllum hybrid | | Cactaceae | Orchid Cactus pink |
| Epiphyllum oxypetalum | Cereus oxypetalus, Epiphyllum grande, Cactus oxypetalus | Cactaceae | Orchid Cactus |
| Epipogium roseum | Epipogium indicum, Limodorum roseum | Orchidaceae | Rosy Ghost Orchid |
| Epipremnum aureum | Pothos aureus, Rhaphidophora aurea, Scindapsus aureus | Araceae | Money Plant |
| Epipremnum pinnatum | Epipremnum elegans, Pothos pinnatus, Rhaphidophora pinnata | Araceae | Centipede Tongavine |
| Epiprinus mallotiformis | Adenochlaena indica, Adenochlaena mallotiformis, Cephalocroton indicus | Euphorbiaceae | Fleecy Epiprinus |
| Episcia cupreata | Achimenes cupreata | Gesneriaceae | Flame Violet |
| Epithema carnosum | Aikinia carnosa | Gesneriaceae | Fleshy Epithema |
| Eragrostiella bifaria | Poa bifaria, Poa coromandeliana, Eragrostis bifaria | Poaceae | Double-Row Lovegrass |
| Eragrostiella brachyphylla | Eragrostis brachyphylla | Poaceae | Shortleaf Lovegrass |
| Eragrostiella nardoides | Eragrostis nardoides, Poa nardoides, Catapodium nepalense | Poaceae | Doormat Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis atrovirens | Eragrostis biformis, Eragrostis fracta, Poa atrovirens | Poaceae | Thalia Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis ciliaris | Eragrostis arabica, Eragrostis pulchella, Poa elegans Poir. | Poaceae | Gophertail Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis japonica | Eragrostis elegans, Eragrostis minutiflora, Eragrostis milleflora | Poaceae | Pond Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis minor | Eragrostis poaeoides, Poa eragrostis, Eragrostis suaveolens | Poaceae | Little Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis pilosa | Poa pilosa, Eragrostis verticillata, Eragrostis tenuiflora | Poaceae | Indian Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis tenella | Poa indica, Eragrostis laxa, Eragrostis plumosa | Poaceae | Japanese Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis unioloides | Poa unioloides, Eragrostis amabilis | Poaceae | Chinese Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis viscosa | Eragrostis amabilis, Eragrostis strigosa, Poa viscosa | Poaceae | Sticky Lovegrass |
| Eranthemum capense var. concanense | | Acanthaceae | Konkan Eranthemum |
| Eranthemum pulchellum | Eranthemum nervosum, Justicia nervosa, Daedalacanthus nervosus | Acanthaceae | Blue Sage |
| Eranthemum purpurascens | Daedalacanthus purpurascens | Acanthaceae | Purple Eranthemum |
| Eranthemum roseum | Ecbolium roseum, Amphiscopia rosea, Eranthemum roseum var. neesii | Acanthaceae | Rosy Eranthemum |
| Eranthemum strictum | Daedalacanthus strictus, Justicia elongata | Acanthaceae | East-Himalayan Eranthemum |
| Eranthemum suffruticosum | Eranthemum barlerioides, Daedalacanthus suffruticosus | Acanthaceae | Shrubby Eranthemum |
| Eranthemum tetragonum | Daedalacanthus tetragonus | Acanthaceae | Angled-Stem Eranthemum |
| Eranthis hyemalis | Helleborus hyemalis, Helleborus monanthos | Ranunculaceae | Winter Aconite |
| Eremogone festucoides | Arenaria festucoides | Caryophyllaceae | Fescue Sandwort |
| Eremurus himalaicus | Henningia himalaica | Asphodelaceae | Himalayan Foxtail Lily |
| Eremurus persicus | Asphodelus persicus, Henningia persica | Asphodelaceae | Persian Desert Candle |
| Eria albiflora | | Orchidaceae | White Eria |
| Eria coronaria | Eria cylindripoda, Coelogyne coronaria, Eria suavis | Orchidaceae | Crowned-Lip Eria |
| Eria javanica | Dendrobium javanicum, Eria fragrans, Eria cochleata, Eria stellata | Orchidaceae | Java Eria |
| Eria pauciflora | Pinalia nilgherensis | Orchidaceae | Nilgiri Eria |
| Eria pseudoclavicaulis | | Orchidaceae | Club-Stem Eria |
| Erigeron acris var. multicaulis | Erigeron multicaulis | Asteraceae | Many-Stemmed Himalayan Fleabane |
| Erigeron annuus | Aster annuus, Erigeron heterophyllus | Asteraceae | Annual Fleabane |
| Erigeron bonariensis | Conyza bonariensis, Conyza angustifolia, Conyza hispida | Asteraceae | Flaxleaf Fleabane |
| Erigeron canadensis | Conyza canadensis, Aster canadensis, Conyza parva | Asteraceae | Canadian Horseweed |
| Erigeron emodi | Aster bellidioides, Erigeron bellidioides Benth. ex C.B.Clarke | Asteraceae | Himalayan Daisy |
| Erigeron karvinskianus | Erigeron mucronatus | Asteraceae | Mexican Fleabane |
| Erigeron multiradiatus | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Fleabane |
| Erigeron sumatrensis | Conyza sumatrensis, Conyza floribunda, Erigeron albidus | Asteraceae | Tall Fleabane |
| Erigeron uniflorus | Erigeron alpinus var. uniflorus | Asteraceae | One-Flowered Fleabane |
| Erinocarpus nimmonii | Erinocarpus nimmoanus, Erinocarpus knimonii | Tiliaceae | Jangli Bhendi |
| Eriobotrya elliptica | Mespilus cuila | Rosaceae | Nepal Loquat |
| Eriobotrya japonica | | Rosaceae | Loquat |
| Eriocaulon epedunculatum | | Eriocaulaceae | Stalkless Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon heterolepis | | Eriocaulaceae | Buttonhead Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon minutum | Eriocaulon humile | Eriocaulaceae | Minute Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon nepalense var. luzulifolium | Eriocaulon pumilio, Eriocaulon luzulifolium | Eriocaulaceae | Woodrush Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon odoratum | Eriocaulon collinum, Eriocaulon christopheri, Eriocaulon oliveri | Eriocaulaceae | Fragrant Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon parvicephalum | | Eriocaulaceae | Tiny-Head Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon quinquangulare | Sphaerochloa quinquangularis | Eriocaulaceae | Five-Angled Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon robustobrownianum | Eriocaulon mysorense, Eriocaulon rhodae | Eriocaulaceae | Mysore Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon sedgwickii | | Eriocaulaceae | Spherical Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon sexangulare | Eriocaulon nitidum, Eriocaulon sinicum, Eriocaulon wallichianum | Eriocaulaceae | Ribbed-Stem Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon sharmae | | Eriocaulaceae | Amboli Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon stellulatum | | Eriocaulaceae | Starry Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon tuberiferum | | Eriocaulaceae | Tuberous Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon xeranthemum | | Eriocaulaceae | Dry-Flower Pipewort |
| Eriochloa procera | Agrostis ramosa, Eriochloa ramosa, Milium ramosum | Poaceae | Tropical Cupgrass |
| Eriolaena quinquelocularis | Microchlaena quinquelocularis | Sterculiaceae | Bothi |
| Eriophyton rhomboideum | Lamium rhomboideum, Alajja rhomboidea, Erianthera rhomboidea | Lamiaceae | Alpine Deadnettle |
| Eriophyton tibeticum | Stachys tibetica, Menitskia tibetica | Lamiaceae | Tibetan Woundwort |
| Erioscirpus comosus | Trichophorum comosum, Scirpus comosus, Eriophorum comosum | Cyperaceae | Hairy Cottongrass |
| Eritrichium canum | Eritrichium strictum, Echinospermum canum | Boraginaceae | Hoary Forget-Me-Not |
| Erodium cicutarium | Geranium cicutarium | Geraniaceae | Common Storksbill |
| Erodium tibetanum | | Geraniaceae | Tibetan Alpine-Geranium |
| Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa | Eruca sativa, Brassica eruca, Brassica erucoides | Brassicaceae | Rocket Salad |
| Erycibe paniculata | Erycibe albiflora, Erycibe paniculata var. wightiana, Erycibe wightiana | Convolvulaceae | Panicled Erycibe |
| Eryngium billardierei | | Apiaceae | West-Asian Sea Holly |
| Eryngium foetidum | | Apiaceae | Long Coriander |
| Erysimum melicentae | | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Wallflower |
| Erysimum virgatum | Erysimum hieraciifolium subsp. virgatum | Brassicaceae | European Wallflower |
| Erysimum x cheiri | Cheiranthus cheiri | Brassicaceae | English Wallflower |
| Erythranthe nepalensis | Mimulus nepalensis, Mimulus assamicus | Phrymaceae | Nepal Monkey Flower |
| Erythrina arborescens | Erythrina moori, Duchassaingia arborescens | Fabaceae | Himalayan Coral Tree |
| Erythrina crista-galli | | Fabaceae | Cockspur Coral Tree |
| Erythrina fusca | Erythrina caffra Blanco, Erythrina atrosanguinea, Erythrina glauca | Fabaceae | Dusky Coral Bean |
| Erythrina mitis | Erythrina umbrosa, Corallodendron umbrosum, Chirocalyx umbrosus | Fabaceae | Shady Coral Tree |
| Erythrina stricta | | Fabaceae | Prickly Coral Tree |
| Erythrina suberosa | Erythrina stricta var. suberosa, Erythrina maxima, Erythrina glabrescens | Fabaceae | Corky Coral Tree |
| Erythrina subumbrans | Erythrina mysorensis, Erythrina sumatrana, Erythrina secundiflora | Fabaceae | December Tree |
| Erythrina variegata | Erythrina indica, Erythrina alba, Erythrina orientalis | Fabaceae | Indian Coral Tree |
| Erythrina x bidwillii | Erythrina x blakei | Fabaceae | Coral Bean Tree |
| Erythrodes blumei | Microchilus blumei, Physurus blumei, Erythrodes brevicalcar | Orchidaceae | Malay Red-Lip Orchid |
| Erythropalum scandens | Erythropalum vagum, Erythropalum grandifolium | Olacaceae | Redstake Climber |
| Erythroxylum monogynum | Erythroxylon monogynum | Erythroxylaceae | Red Cedar |
| Erythroxylum obtusifolium | Sethia obtusifolia | Erythroxylaceae | Blunt-Leaf Coca |
| Erythroxylum sinense | Erythroxylum kunthianum, Sethia kunthiana | Erythroxylaceae | Chinese Coca |
| Eschenbachia japonica | Conyza veronicifolia, Conyza congesta, Conyza japonica | Asteraceae | Japanese Fleabane |
| Eschenbachia leucantha | Blumea leucantha, Erigeron leucanthum, Conyza leucantha | Asteraceae | White-Flowered Fleabane |
| Eschscholzia caespitosa | | Papaveraceae | Dwarf California Poppy |
| Eschscholzia californica | | Papaveraceae | California Poppy |
| Escobaria missouriensis | | Cactaceae | Yellow Pincushion Cactus |
| Escobaria vivipara | | Cactaceae | Pincushion Cactus |
| Ethulia conyzoides | Ethulia angustifolia, Ethulia corymbosa, Ethulia parviflora | Asteraceae | Blue Weed |
| Etlingera elatior | Alpinia elatior, Nicolaia elatior, Phaeomeria magnifica, Phaeomeria speciosa | Zingiberaceae | Torch Ginger |
| Etlingera linguiformis | Amomum linguiforme, Cardamomum linguiforme, Elettaria linguiformis | Zingiberaceae | Elongated Torch Ginger |
| Eucalyptus deglupta | | Myrtaceae | Rainbow Eucalyptus |
| Eucalyptus microtheca | | Myrtaceae | Coolabah |
| Eucalyptus tereticornis | | Myrtaceae | Forest Red Gum |
| Euclidium syriacum | Bunias syriaca, Anastatica syriaca | Brassicaceae | Syrian Mustard |
| Eugenia codyensis | Syzygium codyense, Eugenia hypoleuca, Eugenia memecylifolia | Myrtaceae | Kodi Cherry |
| Eugenia kalamii | | Myrtaceae | Kerala Cherry |
| Eugenia macrosepala | | Myrtaceae | Goa Cherry |
| Eugenia roxburghii | Eugenia macrosepala, Syzygium bracteatum, Myrtus bracteata | Myrtaceae | Coromandel Cherry |
| Eugenia singampattiana | | Myrtaceae | Jungle Guava |
| Eugenia uniflora | | Myrtaceae | Surinam Cherry |
| Eulalia conjugata | Eulalia fimbriata, Andropogon conjugatus, Saccharum conjugatum | Poaceae | Paired Eulalia Grass |
| Eulalia shrirangii | | Poaceae | Shrirang Eulalia Grass |
| Eulaliopsis binata | Andropogon binatus, Pollinidium binatum, Spodiopogon binatus | Poaceae | Sabai Grass |
| Eulophia andamanensis | Eulophia keithii, Eulophia poilanei, Cyrtopera andamanensis | Orchidaceae | Andaman Eulophia |
| Eulophia dabia | Eulophia campestris, Eulophia rupestris, Eulophia faberi | Orchidaceae | Dubious Eulophia |
| Eulophia diffusiflora | Geodorum laxiflorum | Orchidaceae | Lax-Flowered Swamp Orchid |
| Eulophia epidendraea | Eulophus carinatus, Eulophus virens | Orchidaceae | Epidendrum Eulophia |
| Eulophia explanata | Graphorkis explanata, Lissochilus explanatus | Orchidaceae | Flattened Eulophia |
| Eulophia flava | Cyrtopera flava, Cyrtopodium flavum, Graphorkis flava | Orchidaceae | Yellow Eulophia |
| Eulophia graminea | | Orchidaceae | Grass Eulophia |
| Eulophia herbacea | Eulophia albiflora, Eulophia vera, Eulophia brachypetala | Orchidaceae | Herbaceous Eulophia |
| Eulophia nuda | Cyrtopera bicolor, Eulophia spectabilis, Eulophia elata | Orchidaceae | Spectacular Eulophia |
| Eulophia ochreata | Graphorkis ochreata | Orchidaceae | Golden-Yellow Eulophia |
| Eulophia picta | Geodorum densiflorum, Malaxis cernua, Eulophia cernua | Orchidaceae | Nodding Swamp Orchid |
| Eulophia pratensis | Eulophia ramentacea Wight [Illegitimate], Graphorchis pratensis | Orchidaceae | Meadow Eulophia |
| Eulophia pulchra | Eulophia versicolor, Eulophia rouxii, Eulophia striata | Orchidaceae | Pretty Eulophia |
| Eulophia zollingeri | Eulophia formosana, Eulophia sanguinea, Cyrtopera zollingeri | Orchidaceae | Tropical Eulophia |
| Euonymus carnosus | Euonymus tanakae, Euonymus batakensis, Euonymus platycline | Celastraceae | Fleshy-Flowered Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus echinatus | Euonymus scandens, Euonymus cinereus, Euonymus trichocarpus | Celastraceae | Climbing Spindle Bush |
| Euonymus fimbriatus | Euonymus micranthus | Celastraceae | Fringed Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus frigidus | Euonymus porphyreus, Euonymus burmanicus, Euonymus roseoperulatus | Celastraceae | Stiff Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus hamiltonianus | Euonymus hians, Euonymus lanceifolius, Euonymus vidalii | Celastraceae | Himalayan Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus indicus | Euonymus timorensis, Euonymus sumatranus, Euonymus micropetalus | Celastraceae | Indian Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus japonicus | Euonymus pulchellus, Euonymus carrierei, Euonymus yoshinagae | Celastraceae | Japanese Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus lucidus | Euonymus pendulus | Celastraceae | Frilly Flower Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus tingens | | Celastraceae | Purple-Veined Spindle Tree |
| Eupatorium cannabinum | Eupatorium birmannicum, Eupatorium argenteum, Eupatorium trifidum | Asteraceae | Burma Agrimony |
| Eupatorium capillifolium | Artemisia capillifolia, Eupatorium foeniculaceum, Eupatorium foeniculoides | Asteraceae | Dog Fennel |
| Euphorbia antiquorum | | Euphorbiaceae | Triangular Spurge |
| Euphorbia caducifolia | | Euphorbiaceae | Leafless Milk Hedge |
| Euphorbia clarkeana | Chamaesyce clarkeana, Euphorbia heyneana var. scindica | Euphorbiaceae | Sind Prostrate Spurge |
| Euphorbia concanensis | Chamaesyce concanensis | Euphorbiaceae | Konkan Spurge |
| Euphorbia cooperi | | Euphorbiaceae | Lesser Candelabra Tree |
| Euphorbia cornigera | Euphorbia pilosa var. cornigera | Euphorbiaceae | Horned Spurge |
| Euphorbia corrigioloides | Euphorbia disticha, Chamaesyce corrigioloides | Euphorbiaceae | Strapwort Spurge |
| Euphorbia cotinifolia | | Euphorbiaceae | Caribbean Copper Plant |
| Euphorbia cristata | Chamaesyce cristata, Lophobios cristata | Euphorbiaceae | Crested Spurge |
| Euphorbia decaryi | | Euphorbiaceae | Wrinkled Leaf Spurge |
| Euphorbia dracunculoides | Euphorbia lanceolata, Tithymalus dracunculoides | Euphorbiaceae | Dragon Spurge |
| Euphorbia erythroclada | Chamaesyce erythroclada, Euphorbia oligantha | Euphorbiaceae | Red-Branch Spurge |
| Euphorbia esula | Euphorbia riparia, Euphorbia discolor, Esula vulgaris | Euphorbiaceae | Leafy Spurge |
| Euphorbia fusiformis | Euphorbia acaulis, Euphorbia humilis | Euphorbiaceae | Stemless Spurge |
| Euphorbia geroldii | | Euphorbiaceae | Thornless Crown of Thorns |
| Euphorbia granulata | Euphorbia fragilis, Euphorbia tigridis, Euphorbia arillata | Euphorbiaceae | Prostrate Spurge |
| Euphorbia guiengola | | Euphorbiaceae | String of Stars |
| Euphorbia hedyotoides | Euphorbia decariana | Euphorbiaceae | Spider Spurge |
| Euphorbia helioscopia | | Euphorbiaceae | Sun Spurge |
| Euphorbia heterophylla | Euphorbia geniculata, Euphorbia prunifolia, Poinsettia heterophylla | Euphorbiaceae | Wild Poinsettia |
| Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora | Euphorbia cyathophora, Euphorbia pandurifolia, Poinsettia cyathophora | Euphorbiaceae | Painted Leaf Poinsettia |
| Euphorbia hirta | | Euphorbiaceae | Asthma Weed |
| Euphorbia hispida | Euphorbia emodi, Chamaesyce emodi, Chamaesyce hispida | Euphorbiaceae | Bristly Spurge |
| Euphorbia hypericifolia | Chamaesyce hypericifolia, Euphorbia glomerifera, Euphorbia hypericifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Graceful Sandmat |
| Euphorbia jacquemontii | Euphorbia jacquemontii var. lasiocarpa, Tithymalus jacquemontii | Euphorbiaceae | West-Himalayan Spurge |
| Euphorbia jodhpurensis | Chamaesyce jodhpurensis, Euphorbia clarkeana var. erecta | Euphorbiaceae | Jodhpur Spurge |
| Euphorbia katrajensis | Chamaesyce katrajensis | Euphorbiaceae | Katraj Ghat Spurge |
| Euphorbia khandallensis | Euphorbia panchganiensis, Euphorbia fusiformis var. khandallensis | Euphorbiaceae | Khandala Spurge |
| Euphorbia knuthii | | Euphorbiaceae | Striped Green Spurge |
| Euphorbia lacei | Euphorbia trigona Roxb., Euphorbia barnhartii | Euphorbiaceae | Wallace Spurge |
| Euphorbia laciniata | Euphorbia fimbriata var. laxa, Chamaesyce fimbriata, Chamaesyce laciniata | Euphorbiaceae | Frilly-Flower Spurge |
| Euphorbia lactea 'cristata' | | Euphorbiaceae | Candelabra Spurge |
| Euphorbia lathyris | Euphorbia lathyrus | Euphorbiaceae | Caper Spurge |
| Euphorbia leucocephala | | Euphorbiaceae | Snow Bush |
| Euphorbia mauritanica | Euphorbia paxiana, Euphorbia melanosticta | Euphorbiaceae | Pencil Milkbush |
| Euphorbia milii f. lutea | | Euphorbiaceae | Yellow Crown of Thorns |
| Euphorbia milii var. hislopii | Euphorbia hislopii, Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii | Euphorbiaceae | Giant Crown of Thorns |
| Euphorbia milli | | Euphorbiaceae | Crown of Thorns |
| Euphorbia neohumbertii | | Euphorbiaceae | Little Palm Cactus |
| Euphorbia neriifolia | Euphorbia edulis, Euphorbia pentagona | Euphorbiaceae | Indian Spurge Tree |
| Euphorbia nivulia | Euphorbia neriifolia Roxb., Euphorbia helicothele | Euphorbiaceae | Leafy Milk Hedge |
| Euphorbia notoptera | | Euphorbiaceae | Winged Seed Spurge |
| Euphorbia peplus | | Euphorbiaceae | Radium Weed |
| Euphorbia prolifera | Euphorbia linifolia, Euphorbia pinus | Euphorbiaceae | Pine Spurge |
| Euphorbia prostrata | | Euphorbiaceae | Prostrate Sandmat |
| Euphorbia pseudosikkimensis | Euphorbia donii, Euphorbia schillingii, Tithymalus longifolius | Euphorbiaceae | Long-Leaf Spurge |
| Euphorbia pulcherrima | | Euphorbiaceae | Poinsettia |
| Euphorbia pycnostegia | Chamaesyce pycnostegia | Euphorbiaceae | Covered-Flower Spurge |
| Euphorbia rosea | Chamaesyce rosea | Euphorbiaceae | Rosy Spurge |
| Euphorbia rothiana | Euphorbia laeta B.Heyne ex Roth, nom. illeg. | Euphorbiaceae | Common Hill Spurge |
| Euphorbia royleana | | Euphorbiaceae | Danda Thor |
| Euphorbia serpens | Euphorbia bombaiensis, Euphorbia orbiculata var. jawaharii | Euphorbiaceae | Matted Sandmat |
| Euphorbia sikkimensis | | Euphorbiaceae | Sikkim Spurge |
| Euphorbia spp. | | Euphorbiaceae | Crown of Thorns red-green |
| Euphorbia stracheyi | Euphorbia himalayensis, Tithymalus himalayensis | Euphorbiaceae | Himalayan Prostrate Spurge |
| Euphorbia thymifolia | Chamaesyce thymifolia, Euphorbia rubicunda | Euphorbiaceae | Gulf Sandmat |
| Euphorbia tibetica | Tithymalus tibeticus, Galarhoeus tibeticus | Euphorbiaceae | Tibetan Spurge |
| Euphorbia tirucalli | Euphorbia media, Euphorbia scoparia, Euphorbia viminalis, Tirucalia indica | Euphorbiaceae | Pencil Tree |
| Euphorbia tortilis | | Euphorbiaceae | Spiral Spurge |
| Euphorbia umbellata | Synadenium grantii, Synadenium umbellatum | Euphorbiaceae | African Milk Bush |
| Euphorbia vajravelui | | Euphorbiaceae | Malabar Spurge Tree |
| Euphorbia viguieri | | Euphorbiaceae | Viguier's Spurge |
| Euphorbia wallichii | Euphorbia duclouxii, Euphorbia yunnanensis, Tithymalus wallichii | Euphorbiaceae | Himalayan Spurge |
| Euphrasia himalayica | | Orobanchaceae | Himalayan Eyebright |
| Euphrasia pectinata | Euphrasia tatarica, Euphrasia imbricata, Euphrasia kurdica | Orobanchaceae | Large-Bract Eyebright |
| Euphrasia platyphylla | | Orobanchaceae | Broadleaf Eyebright |
| Euploca strigosa | Heliotropium strigosum, Heliotropium parvifolium, Heliotropium bicolor | Boraginaceae | Bristly Heliotrope |
| Eurya acuminata | Eurya chinensis, Eurya serrata, Eurya lucida | Theaceae | Edible Leaf Eurya |
| Eurya cerasifolia | Diospyros cerasifolia, Diospyros feminina, Eurya wallichiana | Theaceae | Cherry-Leaf Eurya |
| Euryale ferox | Anneslea spinosa, Euryale indica | Nymphaeaceae | Prickly Waterlily |
| Eurya nitida | Eurya japonica subsp. nitida, Eurya japonica var. siamensis | Theaceae | Shining Eurya |
| Euryops chrysanthemoides | Gamolepis chrysanthemoides | Asteraceae | African Bush Daisy |
| Eustigma lenticellatum | Sycopsis griffithiana, Eustigma stellatum | Hamamelidaceae | Warty Eustigma |
| Eustoma russellianum | Lisianthus russellianus, Eustoma grandiflorum | Gentianaceae | Tulip Gentian |
| Eutrema scapiflorum | Pegaeophyton scapiflorum, Cochlearia scapiflorum | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Scape Flower |
| Evolvulus alsinoides | Convolvulus alsinoides | Convolvulaceae | Dwarf Morning Glory |
| Evolvulus glomeratus | | Convolvulaceae | Blue Daze |
| Evolvulus nummularius | Convolvulus nummularius, Volvulopsis nummularium | Convolvulaceae | Roundleaf Bindweed |
| Exacum anamallayanum | Exacum atropurpureum var. anamallayanum | Gentianaceae | Anamalai Persian Violet |
| Exacum courtallense | | Gentianaceae | Bottle-Anther Persian Violet |
| Exacum lawii | Exacum sessile | Gentianaceae | Stalkless Persian Violet |
| Exacum pedunculatum | | Gentianaceae | Stalked Persian Violet |
| Exacum pumilum | | Gentianaceae | Little Persian Violet |
| Exacum teres | | Gentianaceae | East-Himalayan Persian Violet |
| Exacum tetragonum | Exacum tetragonum var. stylosa, Exacum perottetii, Exacum bicolor | Gentianaceae | Bicolor Persian Violet |
| Exacum travancoricum | Exacum courtallense var. travancorica | Gentianaceae | Travancore Persian Violet |
| Exacum wightianum | Exacum foliosum, Lisianthius zeylanicus | Gentianaceae | Leafy Persian Violet |
| Exallage auricularia | Hedyotis auricularia, Oldenlandia auricularia | Rubiaceae | Eared-Leaf Diamond Flower |
| Exbucklandia populnea | Bucklandia populnea, Bucklandia tricuspis, Symingtonia populnea | Hamamelidaceae | Pipli Tree |
| Excoecaria acerifolia | Excoecaria himalayensis, Excoecaria acerifolia var. himalayensis | Euphorbiaceae | Himalayan Blinding Tree |
| Excoecaria agallocha | | Euphorbiaceae | Blinding Tree |
| Excoecaria cochinchinensis | Excoecaria bicolor, Excoecaria orientalis | Euphorbiaceae | Chinese Croton |
| Fagopyrum cymosum | Polygonum dibotrys, Fagopyrum dibotrys, Polygonum cymosum | Polygonaceae | Perennial Buckwheat |
| Fagopyrum esculentum | Fagopyrum sagittatum, Fagopyrum vulgare, Polygonum fagopyrum | Polygonaceae | Buckwheat |
| Fagopyrum tataricum | Fagopyrum dentatum, Fagopyrum rotundatum, Polygonum tataricum | Polygonaceae | Tartary Buckwheat |
| Fagraea berteroana | Fagraea berteriana, Fagraea affinis, Fagraea samoensis | Gentianaceae | Samoa Perfume Flower Tree |
| Fagraea ceilanica | Fagraea coromandelina, Fagraea malabarica, Willughbeia obovata | Gentianaceae | Perfume Flower Tree |
| Fagraea racemosa | Fagraea maingayi, Fagraea morindaefolia, Fagraea subreticulata | Gentianaceae | False Coffee Tree |
| Falconeria insignis | Sapium insigne, Falconeria malabarica, Excoecaria insignis | Euphorbiaceae | Tiger's Milk Spruce |
| Fallopia dentatoalata | Polygonum dentatoalatum | Polygonaceae | Toothed-Wing Knotweed |
| Farinopsis salesoviana | Potentilla salesoviana, Potentilla salesovii, Comarum salesovii | Rosaceae | White Himalayan Cinquefoil |
| Farsetia stylosa | Farsetia hamiltonii, Farsetia prostrata, Farsetia depressa | Brassicaceae | Prostrate Farsetia |
| Faucaria tigrina | Faucaria tigrina f. splendens, Mesembryanthemum tigrinum | Aizoaceae | Tiger's Jaws |
| Fernandoa adenophylla | Bignonia adenophylla, Haplophragma adenophyllum, Spathodea adenophylla | Bignoniaceae | Katsagon |
| Ferula jaeschkeana | Peucedanum jaeschkeanum, Ferula jaeschkeana var. parkeriana | Apiaceae | Wild Asafoetida |
| Ficus altissima | Ficus latifolia, Ficus laccifera, Ficus cartagenensis | Moraceae | Lofty Fig |
| Ficus amplissima | Ficus indica Willd., Ficus pseudotsiela, Ficus tsjela | Moraceae | Indian Bat Tree |
| Ficus amplocarpa | Ficus macrocarpa, Pogonotrophe macrocarpa | Moraceae | Large-Fruit Climbing Fig |
| Ficus arnottiana | Urostigma arnottiana | Moraceae | Indian Rock Fig |
| Ficus auriculata | Ficus oligodon, Ficus roxburghii, Ficus macrophylla Roxb. & Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. | Moraceae | Elephant Ear Fig |
| Ficus beddomei | Ficus rama-varmae | Moraceae | South-Indian Fig |
| Ficus benghalensis | | Moraceae | Banyan Tree |
| Ficus benjamina | | Moraceae | Weeping Fig |
| Ficus callosa | Ficus cordatifolia, Ficus cinerascens, Ficus porteana | Moraceae | Calloused Fig |
| Ficus carica | | Moraceae | Anjeer |
| Ficus curtipes | Ficus obtusifolia Roxb. [Illegitimate] | Moraceae | Eastern Laurel Fig |
| Ficus drupacea var. pubescens | Ficus mysorensis, Ficus mysorensis var. pubescens | Moraceae | Mysore Fig |
| Ficus elastica | Ficus cordata, Ficus decora | Moraceae | Rubber Tree |
| Ficus exasperata | Ficus asperrima, Ficus punctifera | Moraceae | Brahma's Banyan |
| Ficus geocarpa | Ficus dichrotrix | Moraceae | Ground Fig |
| Ficus hederacea | Ficus fructicosa | Moraceae | Ivy Fig |
| Ficus heterophylla | Ficus cannabina, Ficus aquatica, Ficus repens | Moraceae | Creeping Fig |
| Ficus hispida | Ficus oppositifolia, Ficus compressa, Covellia hispida | Moraceae | Hairy Fig |
| Ficus ischnopoda | Ficus delavayi. Ficus pyriformis var. ischnopoda | Moraceae | Lanceleaf Fig |
| Ficus johannis subsp. afghanistanica | Ficus afghanistanica, Ficus afghanica , Ficus carica var. afghanica | Moraceae | Afghan Fig |
| Ficus krishnae | Ficus benghalensis var. krishnae | Moraceae | Krishna Fig |
| Ficus lamponga | Ficus balansae, Ficus lepidosa | Moraceae | Lampung Fig |
| Ficus lyrata | Ficus pandurata Sander | Moraceae | Fiddle Leaf Fig |
| Ficus microcarpa | Ficus regnans, Ficus littoralis, Ficus dahlii | Moraceae | Laurel Fig |
| Ficus mollis | | Moraceae | Soft Fig |
| Ficus natalensis subsp. leprieurii | Ficus triangularis, Ficus leprieurii | Moraceae | Natal Fig |
| Ficus neriifolia | Ficus nemoralis var. gemella, Ficus gemella, Ficus wardii | Moraceae | Willow-Leaf Fig |
| Ficus nervosa | Urostigma nervosum | Moraceae | Veined-Leaf Fig |
| Ficus palmata ssp. virgata | Ficus pseudocarica, Ficus palmata sensu King | Moraceae | Punjab Fig |
| Ficus pubigera | Ficus erecta var. khasiana , Ficus howii | Moraceae | Khasi Fig |
| Ficus pumila | | Moraceae | Climbing Fig |
| Ficus punctata | Ficus aurantiacea, Ficus macrocarpa, Ficus pomifera | Moraceae | Dotted Climbing Fig |
| Ficus racemosa | Ficus glomerata, Ficus lucescens, Ficus racemosa var. elongata | Moraceae | Goolar |
| Ficus religiosa | Ficus peepul, Ficus superstitiosa, Ficus caudata | Moraceae | Peepal |
| Ficus rumphii | Ficus cordifolia, Ficus populnea | Moraceae | Golden Rumph's Fig |
| Ficus sarmentosa | Ficus oblongifolia, Ficus cabur, Ficus nepalensis | Moraceae | Nepal Fig |
| Ficus semicordata | Covellia cunia, Ficus cunia, Ficus conglomerata | Moraceae | Drooping Fig |
| Ficus simplicissima | Ficus hirta, Ficus setosa, Ficus ochracea | Moraceae | East-Indian Hairy Fig |
| Ficus talbotii | Ficus pierrei | Moraceae | Talbot Fig |
| Ficus tinctoria subsp. gibbosa | Ficus gibbosa, Ficus parasitica, Ficus swinhoei | Moraceae | Dye Fig |
| Ficus tsjakela | Ficus tsjahela Burm. f. | Moraceae | Karal Fig |
| Ficus variegata | Ficus chlorocarpa, Ficus viridicarpa, Ficus domestica | Moraceae | Common Red-Stem Fig |
| Ficus virens | Ficus infectoria var. wightiana, Ficus monticola | Moraceae | White Fig |
| Filago arvensis | Gnaphalium arvense, Oglifa arvensis | Asteraceae | Field Cudweed |
| Filago pyramidata | Filago spathulata, Gnaphalium pyramidatum | Asteraceae | Broad Leaved Cudweed |
| Filicium decipiens | | Sapindaceae | Fern Tree |
| Filipendula vestita | Spiraea vestita | Rosaceae | Himalayan Meadowsweet |
| Fimbristylis bisumbellata | Fimbristylis pallescens, Iria bisumbellata, Scirpus bisumbellatus | Cyperaceae | Double-Umbel Fimbry |
| Fimbristylis cymosa | Iria cymosa, Scirpus cymosus, Fimbristylis cymosa var. typica | Cyperaceae | Tropical Fimbry |
| Fimbristylis dichotoma | Eleocharis dichotoma, Isolepis dichotoma, Scirpus dichotomus | Cyperaceae | Forked Fimbry |
| Fimbristylis lawiana | Trichelostylis digitata, Trichelostylis lawiana | Cyperaceae | Star Fimbry |
| Fimbristylis ovata | Cyperus monostachyos, Fimbristylis monostachya, Carex ovata | Cyperaceae | One-Spike Fimbry |
| Fimbristylis quinquangularis | Fimbristylis miliacea, Fimbristylis angularis, Fimbristylis mucronata | Cyperaceae | Grasslike Fimbry |
| Fimbristylis tetragona | Fimbristylis cylindrocarpa, Fimbristylis oxyrhachis | Cyperaceae | Angled-Stem Fimbry |
| Firmiana colorata | Erythropsis colorata, Sterculia colorata | Sterculiaceae | Scarlet Sterculia |
| Firmiana fulgens | Sterculia pallens, Erythropsis pallens, Sterculia pallens | Sterculiaceae | Pale Sterculia |
| Fissistigma bicolor | Fissistigma villosum, Uvaria bicolor, Melodorum bicolor | Annonaceae | Bicolor Uvaria |
| Fissistigma polyanthum | Melodorum polyanthum, Uvaria polyantha | Annonaceae | Many-Flowered Uvaria |
| Fittonia albivenis | Adelaster albivenis, Fittonia argyroneura, Gymnostachyum verschaffeltii | Acanthaceae | Nerve Plant |
| Flacourtia indica | Flacourtia parvifolia, Gmelina indica | Salicaceae | Governor's Plum |
| Flacourtia jangomas | Stigmarota jangomas, Flacourtia cataphrata | Salicaceae | Coffee Plum |
| Flacourtia latifolia | | Salicaceae | Broad-Leaved Coffee-Plum |
| Flacourtia montana | | Salicaceae | Mountain Sweet Thorn |
| Flaveria trinervia | Oedera trinervia, Brotera trinervata, Flaveria repanda | Asteraceae | Clustered Yellowtop |
| Flemingia chappar | Maughania chappar | Fabaceae | Papery Wild Hops |
| Flemingia fruticulosa | Maughania fruticulosa, Flemingia strobilifera var. fruticulosa | Fabaceae | Trailing Wild Hops |
| Flemingia macrophylla | Crotalaria macrophylla, Flemingia capitata, Flemingia congesta | Fabaceae | Large-Leaf Flemingia |
| Flemingia nilgheriensis | Flemingia vestita var. nilgheriensis, Moghania nilgheriensis | Fabaceae | Nilgiri Flemingia |
| Flemingia procumbens | Moghania procumbens | Fabaceae | Red Himalayan Flemingia |
| Flemingia prostrata | Flemingia macrophylla var. philippinensis, Flemingia philippinensis | Fabaceae | Prostrate Flemingia |
| Flemingia semialata | Moghania semialata, Flemingia congesta var. semialata | Fabaceae | Winged-Stalk Flemingia |
| Flemingia stricta | Maughania stricta, Flemingia stricta subsp. pteropus | Fabaceae | Erect Flemingia |
| Flemingia strobilifera | Flemingia affinis, Hedysarum strobiliferum, Zornia strobilifera | Fabaceae | Wild Hops |
| Flemingia tuberosa | Moghania tuberosa | Fabaceae | Tuberous Flemingia |
| Flemingia wallichii | Maughania wallichii | Fabaceae | Woolly Flemingia |
| Flindersia australis | | Rutaceae | Crows Ash |
| Floscopa scandens | Tradescantia paniculata, Commelina hispida, Aneilema hispida | Commelinaceae | Climbing Flower Cup |
| Flueggea leucopyrus | Securinega leucopyrus, Phyllanthus leucopyrus | Phyllanthaceae | Bushweed |
| Flueggea virosa | Phyllanthus virosus, Securinega virosa, Phyllanthus virosus | Phyllanthaceae | White-Berry Bush |
| Foeniculum vulgare | | Apiaceae | Fennel |
| Forsythia suspensa | Ligustrum suspensum, Syringa suspensa | Oleaceae | Weeping Forsythia |
| Forsythia viridissima | Rangium viridissimum, Rangium koreanum var. fertile | Oleaceae | Chinese Golden-Bell Tree |
| Fouquieria splendens | | Fouquieriaceae | Ocotillo |
| Fragaria daltoniana | Fragaria sikkimensis | Rosaceae | Sikkim Strawberry |
| Fragaria nilgerrensis | Potentilla nilgerrensis Mabb. | Rosaceae | Nilgiri Strawberry |
| Fragaria nubicola | Potentilla nubicola, Fragaria vesca var. nubicola | Rosaceae | Himalayan Strawberry |
| Fragaria x ananassa | | Rosaceae | Strawberry |
| Fraxinus floribunda | Ornus urophylla, Ornus floribunda, Fraxinus urophylla | Oleaceae | Himalayan Ash |
| Fraxinus hookeri | Fraxinus brandisii | Oleaceae | West-Himalayan Ash |
| Fraxinus micrantha | | Oleaceae | Small-Flowered Himalayan Ash |
| Fraxinus xanthoxyloides | Ornus xanthoxyloides, Fraxinus moorcroftiana, Fraxinus oxyacanthifolia | Oleaceae | Afghan Ash |
| Freesia corymbosa | Freesia armstrongii, Freesia aurea, Freesia odorata, Gladiolus corymbosus | Iridaceae | Freesia |
| Frerea indica | Caralluma frerea, Desmidorchis dalzellii | Apocynaceae | Shiv Suman |
| Freycinetia cumingiana | | Pandanaceae | Flowering Pandanus |
| Friesodielsia fornicata | | Annonaceae | Eastern Dwaba-Berry |
| Friesodielsia sahyadrica | | Annonaceae | Sahyadri Dwaba-Berry |
| Fritillaria cirrhosa | Fritillaria roylei, Fritillaria polyphylla, Fritillaria zhufenensis | Liliaceae | Himalayan Fritillary |
| Fritillaria imperialis | | Liliaceae | Kaiser's Crown |
| Fritillaria spp. | | Liliaceae | Yellow Himalayan Fritillary |
| Fuchsia corymbiflora | | Onagraceae | Vine Fuchsia |
| Fuchsia magellanica | Fuchsia macrostemma var. gracilis, Fuchsia gracilis | Onagraceae | Hummingbird Fuchsia |
| Fuchsia paniculata | | Onagraceae | Panicled Fuchsia |
| Fuchsia spp. | | Onagraceae | Fuchsia |
| Fuirena ciliaris | Scirpus ciliaris | Cyperaceae | Umbrella Grass |
| Fumaria indica | Fumaria parviflora var. indica, Fumaria vaillantii var. indica | Papaveraceae | Indian Fumitory |
| Furcraea foetida | Agave foetida, Aloe foetida, Furcraea gigantea | Asparagaceae | Giant Cabuya |
| Gagea bowes-lyonii | | Liliaceae | Rounded-Petal Yellow Star |
| Gagea bulbifera | Gagea polyphylla, Stellaster bulbifer | Liliaceae | Bulblet-Bearing Yellow Star |
| Gagea flavonutans | Lloydia flavonutans | Liliaceae | Yellow Alplily |
| Gagea jaeschkei | Gagea pamirica, Gagea pamirica var. spitiensis | Liliaceae | Pamir Yellow Star |
| Gagea lasiantha | Lloydia longiscapa, Gagea pulchella | Liliaceae | Tall Alplily |
| Gagea lutea | Gagea indica, Gagea lowariensis, Gagea fascicularis | Liliaceae | Yellow Star of Bethlehem |
| Gagea reticulata | Gagea circinata, Gagea tenuifolia, Gagea alexandrina | Liliaceae | Netveined Star of Bethlehem |
| Gagea serotina | Lloydia serotina, Lloydia alpina, Gagea striata, Gagea bracteata | Liliaceae | Snowdon Alplily |
| Gaillardia 'Fanfare' | | Asteraceae | Gaillardia Fanfare |
| Gaillardia pulchella | | Asteraceae | Blanket Flower |
| Gaillardia pulchella | | Asteraceae | Gaillardia double |
| Galactia tenuiflora | Galactia obcordata, Galactia lanceolata, Galactia elliptifoliola | Fabaceae | Slender Flowered Milkpea |
| Galearis spathulata | Galeorchis spathulata, Orchis spathulata | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Galearis |
| Galeola falconeri | Cyrtosia falconeri | Orchidaceae | Scented Cyrtosia |
| Galeola nudifolia | Galeola hydra, Galeola torana, Vanilla rubiginosa | Orchidaceae | Leafless Galeola |
| Galinsoga parviflora | Tridax parviflora | Asteraceae | Quick Weed |
| Galinsoga quadriradiata | Galinsoga ciliata, Galinsoga hispida, Galinsoga bicolorata | Asteraceae | Hairy Quickweed |
| Galium acutum | Galium asperifolium var. setosum | Rubiaceae | Tiny Bedstraw |
| Galium aparine | Galium uncinatum, Galium pseudoaparine, Aparine vulgaris | Rubiaceae | Goose Grass |
| Galium asperifolium | | Rubiaceae | Rough-Leaved Clivers |
| Galium asperuloides | Asperula consanguinea | Rubiaceae | Rough Goose Grass |
| Galium boreale | Galium nervosum, Galium diffusum, Galium strictum | Rubiaceae | Northern Bedstraw |
| Galium elegans | Galium hamiltonii, Galium vestitum, Galium requienianum | Rubiaceae | Elegant Goose Grass |
| Galium ghilanicum | Galium chitralensis, Galium transcaucasicum | Rubiaceae | Iran Goose Grass |
| Galium hoffmeisteri | Galium asperulopsis, Galium japonicum f. stenophyllum | Rubiaceae | East-Asian Goose Grass |
| Galium rebae | | Rubiaceae | Red Tiny Bedstraw |
| Galium spurium | Aparine spuria, Galium aparine var. tenerum | Rubiaceae | Stickwilly |
| Galium tricornutum | Galium tricorne var. microcarpum, Galium tricorne var. laeve | Rubiaceae | Corn Cleavers |
| Galium verum | Rubia vera | Rubiaceae | Yellow Bedstraw |
| Galphimia gracilis | | Malpighiaceae | Gold Shower |
| Gamochaeta pensylvanica | Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gnaphalium peregrinum | Asteraceae | Pennsylvania Cudweed |
| Ganophyllum falcatum | Dictyoneura integerrima | Sapindaceae | Scaly Ash Tree |
| Garcinia gummi-gutta | Garcinia cambogia, Cambogia gemmi-gutta, Garcinia sulcata | Clusiaceae | Cambodge Tree |
| Garcinia indica | Brindonia indica | Clusiaceae | Kokam |
| Garcinia intermedia | Rheedia intermedia, Rheedia edulis, Calophyllum edule | Clusiaceae | Lemon Drop Mangosteen |
| Garcinia lanceifolia | Garcinia gracilis, Stalagmitis lanceifolia | Clusiaceae | Lanceleaf Garcinia |
| Garcinia livingstonei | Garcinia affinis, Garcinia pendula, Garcinia angolensis | Clusiaceae | African Mangosteen |
| Garcinia madruno | Calophyllum madruno, Garcinia floribunda, Rheedia madruno | Clusiaceae | Bumpy Lemon |
| Garcinia morella | Garcinia gutta, Garcinia cambogioides | Clusiaceae | Indian Gamboge |
| Garcinia pedunculata | | Clusiaceae | Stalked Mangosteen |
| Garcinia talbotii | Garcinia malabarica, Garcinia ovalifolia var. macrantha | Clusiaceae | Talbot Garcinia |
| Garcinia xanthochymus | Garcinia pictoria, Garcinia tinctoria | Clusiaceae | Himalayan Garcinia |
| Gardenia carinata | | Rubiaceae | Golden Gardenia |
| Gardenia coronaria | Gardenia costata, Yangapa flava | Rubiaceae | Crown Gardenia |
| Gardenia gummifera | Gardenia arborea, Gardenia inermis | Rubiaceae | Gummy Gardenia |
| Gardenia jasminoides | Gardenia augusta, Gardenia florida, Mussaenda chinensis | Rubiaceae | Gardenia |
| Gardenia latifolia | | Rubiaceae | Indian Boxwood |
| Gardenia resinifera | Gardenia lucida | Rubiaceae | Brilliant Gardenia |
| Gardneria ovata | Gardneria wallichii | Loganiaceae | Oval Leaf Gardneria |
| Garhadiolus hedypnois | Garhadiolus minutissimus, Garhadiolus angulosus | Asteraceae | Tiny Garhadiolus |
| Garnotia arborum | | Poaceae | Tree-Dwelling Lawngrass |
| Garnotia elata | Garnotia lata, Garnotia scoparia, Garnotia thomsonii | Poaceae | Tall Lawngrass |
| Garuga pinnata | | Burseraceae | Garuga |
| Gasteria obliqua | Aloe bicolor, Gasteria bicolor | Asphodelaceae | Gasteria |
| Gastrochilus acaulis | Gastrochilus nilagiricus, Gastrochilus pulchellus, Vanda pulchella | Orchidaceae | Nilgiri Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus acutifolius | Saccolabium acutifolium, Gastrochilus dentatus, Saccolabium dentatum | Orchidaceae | Pointed-Leaf Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus arunachalensis | | Orchidaceae | Arunachal Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus calceolaris | Aerides calceolaris, Gastrochilus philippinensis | Orchidaceae | Shoe-Shaped Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus distichus | Saccolabium distichum | Orchidaceae | Two-Ranked Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus flabelliformis | Saccolabium flabelliforme | Orchidaceae | Fan-Shaped Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus inconspicuus | Saccolabium inconspicuum, Luisia inconspicua, Luisiopsis inconspicua | Orchidaceae | Tiny Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus japonicus | Saccolabium japonicum, Gastrochilus taiwanianus | Orchidaceae | Yellow Pine Orchid |
| Gastrochilus linearifolius | | Orchidaceae | Narrow-Leaf Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrochilus obliquus | Gastrochilus obliquus var. obliquus, Gastrochilus bigibbus | Orchidaceae | Slanting Belly-Lip Orchid |
| Gastrocotyle hispida | Anchusa deflexa, Anchusa hispida | Boraginaceae | Hairy Bugloss |
| Gaultheria fragrantissima | | Ericaceae | Fragrant Wintergreen |
| Gaultheria griffithiana | Gaultheria caudata, Gaultheria lasiocarpa, Gaultheria miyiensis | Ericaceae | Black Snowberry |
| Gaultheria nummularioides | Gaultheria nummulariae, Brossaea nummulariodes | Ericaceae | Coinwort Snowberry |
| Gaultheria trichophylla | Gaultheria nana, Brossaea trichophylla | Ericaceae | Himalayan Snowberry |
| Gazania rigens | | Asteraceae | Gazania |
| Geijera parviflora | | Rutaceae | Australian Willow |
| Geissaspis cristata | Zornia disperma | Fabaceae | Eyelashes Shell Beans |
| Geissaspis cristata var. tenella | Geissaspis tenella | Fabaceae | Tender Eyelashes Shell Beans |
| Genianthus laurifolius | Asclepias laurifolia Roxb., Secamone laurifolia, Toxocarpus laurifolius | Apocynaceae | Laurel-Leaf Milkweed |
| Gennaria griffithii | Diphylax griffithii, Habenaria decipiens, Habenaria griffithii | Orchidaceae | West-Indian Habenaria |
| Gentiana algida | Gentiana frigida var. algida, Gentianodes algida | Gentianaceae | Whitish Gentian |
| Gentiana argentea | Gentianodes argentea, Ericala argentea | Gentianaceae | Silvery Gentian |
| Gentiana capitata | Ciminalis capitata, Gentiana andersonii, Gentiana baconi | Gentianaceae | Clustered Gentian |
| Gentiana carinata | | Gentianaceae | Dark Blue Gentian |
| Gentiana decemfida var. aprica | Gentiana aprica, Gentianodes aprica | Gentianaceae | Sun-Loving Gentian |
| Gentiana elwesii | Gentiana longipetiolata, Gentianodes elwesii, Gentianodes longipetiolata | Gentianaceae | Elwes Gentian |
| Gentiana hugelii | Qaisera hugelii, Gentiana marginata var. hugelii | Gentianaceae | Deep-Blue Himalayan Gentian |
| Gentiana kurroo | | Gentianaceae | Himalayan Gentian |
| Gentiana leucomelaena | Gentiana leucomelaena var. pusilla, Gentiana leucomelaena var. alba | Gentianaceae | Blue-Dotted Gentian |
| Gentiana loureiroi | Ericoila loureiroi, Varasia loureiroi, Gentiana pedicellata var. rosulata | Gentianaceae | East-Asian Gentian |
| Gentiana membranulifera | Gentiana marginata Griseb. [Illeg.], Gentianodes eumarginata | Gentianaceae | Clustered Summer Gentian |
| Gentiana ornata | | Gentianaceae | Decorated Gentian |
| Gentiana pedicellata | Ericala pedicellata, Gentiana pedicellata var. wallichii | Gentianaceae | Purple Stalked Gentian |
| Gentiana phyllocalyx | | Gentianaceae | Leaf-Sepal Gentian |
| Gentiana squarrosa | Ciminalis squarrosa, Ericala squarrosa | Gentianaceae | Overlapping-Leaves Gentian |
| Gentiana stipitata subsp. stipitata | Gentianodes stipitata | Gentianaceae | Large Pale Gentian |
| Gentiana stylophora | Megacodon stylophorus | Gentianaceae | Yellow Gentian Lily |
| Gentiana tianschanica | Gentiana regelii, Gentianodes tianschanica | Gentianaceae | Tian-Shan Gentian |
| Gentiana tubiflora | Gentiana longistyla, Gentianodes tubiflora | Gentianaceae | Tubeflower Gentian |
| Gentiana urnula | | Gentianaceae | Urn-shaped Gentian |
| Gentiana venusta | Gentianodes venusta, Ericala venusta | Gentianaceae | Charming Gentian |
| Gentianella azurea | Gentiana azurea, Comastoma azureum, Aloitis azurea | Gentianaceae | Sky Blue Gentian |
| Gentianella moorcroftiana | Gentiana moorcroftiana, Gentiana falconeri, Eyrythalia canaliculata | Gentianaceae | Grooved Gentian |
| Gentianella tumailica | | Gentianaceae | Tumail Gentian |
| Gentianopsis paludosa | Gentiana detonsa var. stracheyi, Gentiana duthiei, Gentiana stracheyi | Gentianaceae | Swamp Gentian |
| Gentianopsis stricta | Gentianella vvedenskyi, Gentianopsis vvedenskyi | Gentianaceae | Erect Gentian |
| Geophila herbacea | Geophila repens subsp. reniformis, Psychotria herbacea | Rubiaceae | Snake Pennywort |
| Geranium collinum | Geranium longipedatum, Geranium wakhanicum, Geranium humifusum | Geraniaceae | Hill Geranium |
| Geranium donianum | | Geraniaceae | East-Himalayan Geranium |
| Geranium himalayense | | Geraniaceae | Himalayan Geranium |
| Geranium lambertii | Geranium grevilleanum, Geranium chumbiense, Geranium eriostemon | Geraniaceae | Woolly-Stamen Geranium |
| Geranium lucidum | Geranium laevigatum | Geraniaceae | Shining Geranium |
| Geranium molle | Geranium stipulare, Geranium argenteum | Geraniaceae | Dovesfoot Geranium |
| Geranium nepalense | Geranium pallidum, Geranium patens, Geranium radicans | Geraniaceae | Nepal Geranium |
| Geranium ocellatum | Geranium bicolor Royle, Geranium choorense, Geranium ocellatum var. himalaicum | Geraniaceae | Black Eyed Geranium |
| Geranium polyanthes | | Geraniaceae | Many-Flower Geranium |
| Geranium pratense | Geranium coelestinum, Geranium mariae, Geranium napellifolium | Geraniaceae | Meadow Geranium |
| Geranium procurrens | | Geraniaceae | Trailing Geranium |
| Geranium pusillum | | Geraniaceae | Small Geranium |
| Geranium rectum | | Geraniaceae | Erect Geranium |
| Geranium robertianum | Geranium eriophorum, Geranium rubellum, Geranium palmatisectum | Geraniaceae | Woolly Geranium |
| Geranium rotundifolium | | Geraniaceae | Roundleaf Geranium |
| Geranium sibiricum | Geranium amurense, Geranium popovii, Geranium variabile | Geraniaceae | Siberian Geranium |
| Geranium swatense | | Geraniaceae | Swat Geranium |
| Geranium tuberaria | | Geraniaceae | Tuberous Geranium |
| Geranium wallichianum | | Geraniaceae | Purple-Vein Geranium |
| Gerbera jamesonii | | Asteraceae | Gerbera Daisy |
| Getonia floribunda | Calycopteris floribunda, Calycopteris nutans, Combretum sericeum | Combretaceae | Paper Flower Climber |
| Geum aleppicum | Geum decurrens, Geum ranunculoides, Geum strictum | Rosaceae | Yellow Avens |
| Geum elatum | Geum elatum, Acomastylis elata, Sieversia elata | Rosaceae | High Avens |
| Geum roylei | | Rosaceae | Himalayan Avens |
| Geum rubrum | Geum elatum f. rubrum | Rosaceae | Red High Avens |
| Gigantochloa atroviolacea | | Poaceae | Java Black Bamboo |
| Ginkgo biloba | | Ginkgoaceae | Ginkgo |
| Girardinia diversifolia | Girardiana platyphylla, Girardinia heterophylla , Urtica heterophylla | Urticaceae | Bichchhoo |
| Gisekia pharnaceoides | Gisekia linearifolia, Gisekia molluginoides, Gisekia rubella | Molluginaceae | Gisekia |
| Givotia moluccana | Croton moluccanus, Givotia rottleriformis | Euphorbiaceae | White Catamaran Tree |
| Gladiolus dalenii/natalensis | | Iridaceae | Gladiolus |
| Gladiolus murielae | Gladiolus callianthus, Acidanthera bicolor, Acidanthera murielae | Iridaceae | Fragrant Gladiolus |
| Glaucium flavum | Glaucium glaucum, Glaucium fulvum, Chelidonium glaucium | Papaveraceae | Yellow Horn-Poppy |
| Glebionis coronaria | Chrysanthemum coronarium, Chrysanthemum speciosum | Asteraceae | Crown Daisy |
| Glebionis segetum | Chrysanthemum segetum, Chrysanthemum laciniatum | Asteraceae | Corn Marigold |
| Gleditsia triacanthos | | Caesalpiniaceae | Honey Locust |
| Glinus lotoides | Mollugo lotoides, Mollugo hirta | Molluginaceae | Lotus Sweetjuice |
| Glinus oppositifolius | Mollugo oppositifolia, Mollugo spergula | Molluginaceae | Jima |
| Gliricidia sepium | Gliricidia maculata | Fabaceae | Mexican Lilac |
| Globba clarkei | | Zingiberaceae | Orange Swan Flower |
| Globba marantina | Globba bracteosa | Zingiberaceae | Cone-Bearing Swan Flower |
| Globba multiflora | Globba rubromaculata, Globba velutina | Zingiberaceae | Many-Flowered Swan Flower |
| Globba orixensis | Alpinia missionis, Globba orixensis var. pubescens | Zingiberaceae | Odisha Swan Flower |
| Globba racemosa | | Zingiberaceae | Yellow Swan Flower |
| Globba radicalis | Globba purpurea, Globba mantifera, Mantisia radicalis | Zingiberaceae | Purple-Sepal Swan Flower |
| Globba rahmanii | | Zingiberaceae | Star-Anther Swan Flower |
| Globba schomburgkii | | Zingiberaceae | Dancing Girl Ginger |
| Globba sessiliflora | Globba ophioglossa, Globba canarensis, Globba careyana | Zingiberaceae | Stalkless Swan Flower |
| Globba sherwoodiana | | Zingiberaceae | East-Indian Swan Flower |
| Globba spathulata | Mantisia spathulata | Zingiberaceae | Yellow-Tail Swan Flower |
| Globba wardii | Mantisia wardii, Globba wardii f. albiflora | Zingiberaceae | Violet Swan Flower |
| Globba wengeri | Mantisia wengeri | Zingiberaceae | Broad-Wing Swan Flower |
| Glochidion ellipticum | Phyllanthus assamicus, Glochidion malabaricum, Glochidion assamicum | Phyllanthaceae | Assam Leaf-Flower |
| Glochidion heyneanum | Phyllanthus heyneanus, Diasperus heyneanus, Gynoon heyneanum | Phyllanthaceae | Velvety Melon Featherfoil |
| Glochidion lanceolarium | Phyllanthus lanceolarius, Glochidion macrophyllum, Glochidion cantoniense | Phyllanthaceae | Indian Cheese Tree |
| Glochidion nubigenum | Phyllanthus nubigenus, Glochidion velutinum var. nubigenum | Phyllanthaceae | Alpine Cheese Tree |
| Glochidion zeylanicum | Glochidion hongkongense, Glochidion nitidum, Glochidion sumatranum | Phyllanthaceae | Umbrella Cheese Tree |
| Gloriosa superba | Gloriosa rothschildiana, Gloriosa cirrhifolia, Gloriosa nepalensis | Liliaceae | Glory Lily |
| Glossocardia bosvallia | Verbesina bosvallia | Asteraceae | Patthar Suva |
| Glossostigma diandrum | Glossostigma submersum, Microcarpaea spathulata | Phrymaceae | Mud-Mat |
| Gloxinia perennis | Gloxinia bicolor, Gloxinia pallidiflora, Gloxinia suaveolens | Gesneriaceae | Canterbury Bells Gloxinia |
| Glycine max | Dolichos sofa, Phaseolus max, Soja soja | Fabaceae | Soya Bean |
| Glycosmis macrocarpa | Glycosmis pentaphylla var. macrocarpa | Rutaceae | Large-Fruit Gin Berry |
| Glycosmis macrophylla | Glycosmis sapindoides, Sclerostylis macrophylla | Rutaceae | Large-Leaf Gin Berry |
| Glycosmis pentaphylla | Glycosmis arborea, Glycosmis quinquefolia | Rutaceae | Gin Berry |
| Glycyrrhiza glabra | | Fabaceae | Licorice |
| Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora | | Fabaceae | Chinese Licorice |
| Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis | | Fabaceae | Yunnan Licorice |
| Gmelina arborea | | Verbenaceae | Gamhar |
| Gmelina asiatica | Gmelina parvifolia | Verbenaceae | Asian Bushbeech |
| Gmelina philippensis | Gmelina hystrix | Verbenaceae | Parrot's Beak |
| Gnaphalium polycaulon | Gnaphalium floccosum, Gnaphalium gracillimum | Asteraceae | Many-Stemmed Cudweed |
| Gnetum edule | Gnetum ula Brongn., nom. superfl., Gnetum scandens Roxb., Gnemon edulis | Gnetaceae | Joint Fir |
| Gnetum gnemon | | Gnetaceae | Melinjo |
| Gnidia glauca | Gnidia glauca var. glauca, Gnidia volkensii | Thymelaeaceae | Fish Poison Bush |
| Goeppertia loeseneri | Calathea loeseneri | Marantaceae | Brazilian Star Calathea |
| Goeppertia picturata | Calathea picturata, Maranta picturata, Maranta vandenheckei | Marantaceae | Painted Calathea |
| Gomphandra tetrandra | Gomphandra cambodiana, Gomphandra pauciflora | Icacinaceae | Four-Stamen Gomphandra |
| Gomphocarpus physocarpus | Asclepias physocarpa, Asclepias brasiliensis, Gomphocarpus brasiliensis | Apocynaceae | Balloon Plant |
| Gomphogyne cissiformis | Gomphogyne cissiformis var. cissiformis, Gomphogyne alleizettei | Cucurbitaceae | Ivy Gomphogyne |
| Gomphostemma eriocarpum | Gomphostemma oblongum Wight [Illeg.] | Lamiaceae | Long-Flowered Gomphostemma |
| Gomphostemma heyneanum | | Lamiaceae | Spiked Gomphostemma |
| Gomphostemma javanicum | Gomphostemma lucidum, Gomphostemma cinereum | Lamiaceae | Java Gomphostemma |
| Gomphostemma parviflorum | Gomphostemma multiflorum, Gomphostemma dichotomum | Lamiaceae | Small-Flowered Gomphostemma |
| Gomphrena celosioides | Gomphrena alba, Gomphrena lutea | Amaranthaceae | Cockscomb Gomphrena |
| Gomphrena globosa | | Amaranthaceae | Gomphrena |
| Gomphrena haageana | Gomphrena coccinea, Gomphrena tuberifera | Amaranthaceae | Strawberry Fields Gomphrena |
| Gomphrena serrata | Gomphrena bicolor, Gomphrena decumbens | Amaranthaceae | Prostrate Gomphrena |
| Goniocaulon indicum | Amberboa goniocaulon, Centaurea indica | Asteraceae | Indian Cornflower |
| Goniothalamus cardiopetalus | Polyalthia cardiopetala | Annonaceae | Ghat Goniothalamus |
| Goniothalamus macranthus | Unona macrantha, Melodorum macranthum | Annonaceae | Large-Flowered Goniothalamus |
| Gonocarpus micranthus | Haloragis micrantha, Haloragis minima, Haloragis depressa | Haloragaceae | Small-Flowered Raspwort |
| Gonostegia pentandra | Pouzolzia pentandra, Pouzolzia longifolia, Pouzolzia neilgherrensis | Urticaceae | Narrow-Leaf Pouzolz's Bush |
| Gonostegia triandra | Urtica hirta, Pouzolzia hirta, Pouzolzia hispida | Urticaceae | Hairy Pouzolz's Bush |
| Goodyera alveolata | | Orchidaceae | Checkered-Leaf Goodyera |
| Goodyera biflora | Epipactis biflora, Georchis biflora, Goodyera pauciflora | Orchidaceae | Two-Flowered Goodyera |
| Goodyera foliosa | Epipactis foliosa, Georchis foliosa, Orchiodes foliosum | Orchidaceae | Leafy Goodyera |
| Goodyera fusca | Orchiodes fuscum, Hetaeria fusca, Epipactis fusca | Orchidaceae | Dusky Goodyera |
| Goodyera hemsleyana | Epipactis hemsleyana | Orchidaceae | White-Veined Goodyera |
| Goodyera marginata | Orchiodes marginatum | Orchidaceae | Margined Rattlesnake Plantain |
| Goodyera procera | Epipactis procera, Leucostachys procera | Orchidaceae | Slim Goodyera |
| Goodyera repens | Satyrium repens, Epipactis repens, Orchis repens | Orchidaceae | Dwarf Rattlesnake Plantain |
| Gossypium arboreum | | Malvaceae | Cotton |
| Gossypium hirsutum | Gossypium mexicanum, Gossypium religiosum | Malvaceae | Mexican Cotton |
| Gouania leptostachya | Gouania tiliaefolia | Rhamnaceae | Slender Spiked Gouania |
| Gouania microcarpa | Gouania brandisii, Gouania domingensis, Gouania integrifolia | Rhamnaceae | Tiny-Fruit Chawstick |
| Grangea maderaspatana | Artemisia maderaspatana, Grangea aegyptiaca, Tanacetum aegyptiacum | Asteraceae | Madras Carpet |
| Graptopetalum bellum | Tacitus bellus | Crassulaceae | Chihuahua Flower |
| Graptopetalum paraguayense | Sedum paraguayense, Graptopetalum weinbergii, Echeveria weinbergii | Crassulaceae | Ghost Plant |
| Graptophyllum pictum | Justicia picta | Acanthaceae | Caricature Plant |
| Grevillea hilliana | | Proteaceae | White Silky Oak |
| Grevillea pteridifolia | Grevillea mitchellii, Grevillea chrysodendrum | Proteaceae | Fern-Leaf Grevillea |
| Grevillea robusta | | Proteaceae | Silver Oak |
| Grewia abutilifolia | | Tiliaceae | Mallow-Leaved Crossberry |
| Grewia asiatica | Grewia subinaequalis, Grewia hainesiana | Tiliaceae | Falsa |
| Grewia bracteata | Grewia obtusa, Grewia wightiana | Tiliaceae | Blunt-Leaf Crossberry |
| Grewia carpinifolia | Grewia biflora, Grewia rautanenii | Tiliaceae | Hornbeam-Leaved Crossberry |
| Grewia flavescens | | Tiliaceae | Donkey Berry |
| Grewia hirsuta | Grewia obliqua, Grewia pilosa, Grewia roxburghii | Tiliaceae | Nagbala Crossberry |
| Grewia multiflora | Grewia laevigata auct. non Vahl, Grewia glabra, Grewia didyma | Tiliaceae | Two-Lobed Crossberry |
| Grewia occidentalis | | Tiliaceae | Crossberry |
| Grewia optiva | Grewia oppositifolia | Tiliaceae | Bihul |
| Grewia orbiculata | Grewia rotundifolia | Tiliaceae | Roundleaf Crossberry |
| Grewia polygama | Grewia lancifolia, Grewia polygama var. elliptica | Tiliaceae | Dysentery Bush |
| Grewia serrulata | Grewia lanceolata, Grewia sepiaria, Grewia barberi | Tiliaceae | Kaori Crossberry |
| Grewia tenax | | Tiliaceae | White Crossberry |
| Grewia tiliifolia | Grewia arborea, Grewia rotunda, Grewia damine | Tiliaceae | Dhaman |
| Grewia villosa | Grewia corylifolia, Grewia heynei | Tiliaceae | Hairy Crossberry |
| Griffitharia lanata | Sorbus lanata, Sorbus kamunensis, Pyrus kamaonensis | Rosaceae | Kumaon Rowan |
| Griffitharia vestita | Sorbus vestita, Pyrus vestita, Sorbus nepalensis | Rosaceae | Nepal Rowan |
| Grona ferruginea | Desmodium ferrugineum | Fabaceae | Rusty Desmodium |
| Grona heterocarpos | Desmodium heterocarpon, Hedysarum heterocarpon | Fabaceae | Asian Tick Trefoil |
| Grona heterophylla | Desmodium heterophyllum, Hedysarum reptans, Hedysarum heterophyllum | Fabaceae | Variable-Leaf Desmodium |
| Grona ovalifolia | Desmodium ovalifolium, Grona heterocarpos subsp. ovalifolia | Fabaceae | Oval-Leaf Tick Trefoil |
| Grona triflora | Desmodium triflorum, Meibomia triflora, Hedysarum triflorum | Fabaceae | Creeping Tick Trefoil |
| Guaiacum officinale | | Zygophyllaceae | Tree of Life |
| Guazuma ulmifolia | Theobroma guazuma, Guazuma tomentosa | Sterculiaceae | West Indian Elm |
| Guettarda speciosa | Jasminum hirsutum, Guettarda tahitensis, Matthiola speciosa | Rubiaceae | Beach Gardenia |
| Guizotia abyssinica | Guizotia oleifera, Polymnia abyssinica, Anthemis mysorensis | Asteraceae | Ramtil |
| Gustavia augusta | Japarandiba augusta | Lecythidaceae | Majestic Heaven Lotus |
| Gustavia superba | | Lecythidaceae | Heaven Lotus |
| Guzmania lingulata | Tillandsia lingulata, | Bromeliaceae | Scarlet Star |
| Gymnacranthera canarica | Gymnacranthera farquhariana | Myristicaceae | Kanara Nutmeg |
| Gymnadenia orchidis | Gymnadenia cylindrostachya, Gymnadenia himalayica, Habenaria orchidis, Orchis habenaroides | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Fragrant Orchid |
| Gymnema inodorum | Asclepias tingens, Bidaria tingens, Marsdenia tingens | Apocynaceae | Scentless Cowplant |
| Gymnema sylvestre | Asclepias geminata, Gymnema humile, Gymnema parvifolium | Apocynaceae | Gurmar |
| Gymnocalycium baldianum | Echinocactus baldianus, Gymnocalycium rosae | Cactaceae | Dwarf Chin Cactus |
| Gymnocalycium mihanovichii | | Cactaceae | Moon Cactus |
| Gymnocalycium neuhuberi | | Cactaceae | Argentina Chin Cactus |
| Gymnosporia emarginata | Catha emarginata, Celastrus emarginatus, Maytenus emarginata | Celastraceae | Notched-Leaf Spike Thorn |
| Gymnosporia montana | Celastrus montanus, Celastrus obovatus, Celastrus phyllacanthus | Celastraceae | Mountain Spike Thorn |
| Gymnosporia rothiana | Catha rothiana, Maytenus rothiana | Celastraceae | Deccan Spike Thorn |
| Gymnosporia royleana | Maytenus royleana, Euonymus spinosus, Celastrus royleanus | Celastraceae | Prickly Spike Thorn |
| Gymnosporia rufa | Catha rufa, Celastrus rufus, Maytenus rufa | Celastraceae | Rusty Spike Thorn |
| Gymnosporia senegalensis | Celastrus senegalensis, Catha senegalensis, Maytenus senegalensis | Celastraceae | Red Spike Thorn |
| Gymnostachyum febrifugum | Cryptophragmium febrifugum, Gymnostachyum febrifugum var. bracteatum | Acanthaceae | Fever Gymnostachyum |
| Gymnostachyum glabrum | Cryptophragmium glabrum | Acanthaceae | Smooth Gymnostachyum |
| Gymnostachyum latifolium | Cryptophragmium latifolium | Acanthaceae | Broad-Leaf Gymnostachyum |
| Gymnostachyum latifolium var. decurrens | | Acanthaceae | Winged-Stalk Gymnostachyum |
| Gymnostachyum polyanthum | Cryptophragmium polyanthum | Acanthaceae | Many-Flowered Gymnostachyum |
| Gymnostachyum pubescens | Gymnostachyum canescens, Gymnostachyum longifolium, Justicia pubescens | Acanthaceae | Grey Gymnostachyum |
| Gymnostachyum warrierianum | | Acanthaceae | Purple Gymnostachyum |
| Gynocardia odorata | Chaulmoogra odorata, Chilmoria dodecandra | Achariaceae | Chhal Mogra |
| Gynostemma pentaphyllum | Vitis pentaphylla, Gynostemma wightianum, Gynostemma laxum | Cucurbitaceae | Sweet Tea Vine |
| Gynura bicolor | Gynura angulosa, Gynura purpurascens, Cacalia bicolor | Asteraceae | Okinawan Spinach |
| Gynura cusimbua | Gynura angulosa, Cacalia cusimbua | Asteraceae | Hill Gynura |
| Gynura nepalensis | Gynura nudibasis, Cacalia nepalensis, Gynura foetens | Asteraceae | Nepal Gynura |
| Gynura nitida | Gynura simplex, Senecio heyneanus | Asteraceae | Shining Gynura |
| Gypsophila elegans | | Caryophyllaceae | Baby's Breath |
| Gyrocarpus americanus | | Hernandiaceae | Helicopter Tree |
| Habenaria acuifera | | Orchidaceae | Yellow Eastern Habenaria |
| Habenaria aitchisonii | Habenaria bihamata, Habenaria diceras, Habenaria pubicaulis | Orchidaceae | Two-Horned Habenaria |
| Habenaria arietina | Ochyrorchis arietina, Habenaria pectinata var. arietina | Orchidaceae | Ram's Horn Habenaria |
| Habenaria barbata | Ate virens, Habenaria virens Abeyw. [Illeg.] | Orchidaceae | Bearded Habenaria |
| Habenaria barnesii | | Orchidaceae | Barnes Habenaria |
| Habenaria brachyphylla | Platanthera brachyphylla, Habenaria crassifolia | Orchidaceae | Thick Leaved Habenaria |
| Habenaria cephalotes | Plantaginorchis cephalotes | Orchidaceae | Compact Habenaria |
| Habenaria commelinifolia | Orchis stylosanthes, Orchis commelinifolia, Platanthera commelinifolia | Orchidaceae | Commelina-Leaf Habenaria |
| Habenaria crinifera | Habenaria schizochilus, Synmeria crinifera, Synmeria schizochilus | Orchidaceae | Doll Orchid |
| Habenaria dentata | Orchis dentata, Habenaria parageniculata, Platanthera dentata | Orchidaceae | Toothed Habenaria |
| Habenaria digitata | Habenaria trinervia, Habenaria graveolens | Orchidaceae | Green Habenaria |
| Habenaria diphylla | Habenaria jerdoniana | Orchidaceae | Two-Leaved Habenaria |
| Habenaria elliptica | Plantaginorchis elliptica | Orchidaceae | Elliptic Habenaria |
| Habenaria elwesii | Ate elwesii | Orchidaceae | Elwes Habenaria |
| Habenaria ensifolia | Habenaria pectinata subsp. ensifolia, Ochyrorchis ensifolia | Orchidaceae | Sword-Leaf Habenaria |
| Habenaria foliosa | | Orchidaceae | Leafy Habenaria |
| Habenaria furcifera | Habenaria ovalifolia, Habenaria modesta, Habenaria hamigera | Orchidaceae | Forked Habenaria |
| Habenaria gibsonii | Habenaria digitata var. gibsonii, Habenaria foliosa var. gibsonii | Orchidaceae | Spider Habenaria |
| Habenaria grandifloriformis | | Orchidaceae | Angel Orchid |
| Habenaria heyneana | | Orchidaceae | Toothbrush Orchid |
| Habenaria intermedia | Ochyrorchis intermedia, Kryptostoma intermedium | Orchidaceae | Intermediate Habenaria |
| Habenaria longicorniculata | | Orchidaceae | Long-Tailed Habenaria |
| Habenaria longicornu | Habenaria montana, Plantaginorchis longicornu | Orchidaceae | Long-Horned Habenaria |
| Habenaria marginata | | Orchidaceae | Golden Yellow Habenaria |
| Habenaria medusa | Pecteilis medusa, Fimbrorchis medusa | Orchidaceae | Medusa Habenaria |
| Habenaria pantlingiana | Habenaria cirrhifera, Habenaria longitentaculata, Habenaria polytrichia | Orchidaceae | Tentacled Habenaria |
| Habenaria pectinata | Orchis pectinata, Kryptostoma pectinatum, Ochyrorchis pectinata | Orchidaceae | Comb Habenaria |
| Habenaria periyarensis | | Orchidaceae | Periyar Habenaria |
| Habenaria perrottetiana | Habenaria lutea, Platanthera lutea | Orchidaceae | Yellow Habenaria |
| Habenaria rariflora | | Orchidaceae | Spreading Flowered Habenaria |
| Habenaria reniformis | | Orchidaceae | Kidney-Leaved Habenaria |
| Habenaria roxburghii | Orchis roxburghii, Orchis plantaginea, Gymnadenia plantaginea | Orchidaceae | Plantain Habenaria |
| Habenaria stenopetala | Habenaria amanoana, Habenaria linearipetala, Habenaria sutepensis | Orchidaceae | Narrow-Petal Habenaria |
| Habenaria suaveolens | Habenaria panchganiensis, Plantaginorchis suaveolens | Orchidaceae | Panchgani Habenaria |
| Habenaria viridiflora | Habenaria chlorantha, Habenaria tenuis, Orchis viridiflora | Orchidaceae | Green-Flowered Habenaria |
| Hackelia macrophylla | Lappula macrophylla, Cynoglossum macrophyllum | Boraginaceae | Large-Leaf Stickseed |
| Hackelia uncinata | | Boraginaceae | Hooked Stickseed |
| Hackelochloa granularis | Cenchrus granularis, Manisuris granularis, | Poaceae | Pitscale Grass |
| Haematoxylum campechianum | Acosmium trichonema, Cymbosepalum baronii | Fabaceae | Bloodwood Tree |
| Halenia elliptica | Swertia peloris | Gentianaceae | Spurred Gentian |
| Halerpestes tricuspis | Ranunculus tricuspis, Halerpestes haiyanica | Ranunculaceae | Three-Finger Buttercup |
| Halogeton glomeratus | Anabasis glomerata, Darniella glomerata, Salsola glomerata | Chenopodiaceae | Salt-Lover |
| Halopyrum mucronatum | Eragrostis mucronata, Briza mucronata, Poa triticoides, Uniola mucronata | Poaceae | Beach Grass |
| Haloxylon salicornicum | Hammada elegans, Caroxylon salicornicum, Anabasis crassa | Amaranthaceae | Rimth Saltbush |
| Haloxylon thomsonii | Arthrophytum thomsonii, Hammada thomsonii | Amaranthaceae | Ladakh Saxaul |
| Hamelia patens | Hamelia coccinea, Hamelia erecta, Hamelia ovata | Rubiaceae | Firebush |
| Handroanthus chrysanthus subsp. meridionalis | Tecoma spectabilis, Tabebuia spectabilis | Bignoniaceae | Midday Yellow Trumpet |
| Handroanthus chrysotrichus | Tabebuia chrysotricha, Tecoma chrysotricha | Bignoniaceae | Golden-Haired Trumpet Tree |
| Handroanthus impetiginosus | Tabebuia impetiginosa, Tecoma impetiginosa | Bignoniaceae | Pink Trumpet Tree |
| Haplanthodes neilgherryensis | Haplanthus neilgherryensis, Haplanthodes tentaculata var. neilgherryensis | Acanthaceae | Nilgiri Spiny Bottlebrush |
| Haplanthodes tentaculatus | Ruellia tentaculata, Ruellia aciculata | Acanthaceae | Tentacled Spiny Bottlebrush |
| Haplanthodes verticillata | Justicia verticillata, Eranthemum verticillatum, Haplanthus verticillaris | Acanthaceae | Spiny Bottle Brush |
| Hardwickia binata | | Caesalpiniaceae | Anjan |
| Harpullia arborea | Harpullia mellea | Sapindaceae | Tulip-Wood Tree |
| Haworthia cymbiformis | Aloe cymbiformis, Catevala cymbiformis | Asphodelaceae | Cathedral Window Haworthia |
| Haworthia marumiana var. batesiana | Haworthia batesiana, Haworthia reticulata subsp. batesiana | Asphodelaceae | Bates Haworthia |
| Haworthia pygmaea | | Asphodelaceae | Pygmy Hawforthia |
| Haworthiopsis attenuata | Haworthia attenuata, Aloe attenuata | Asphodelaceae | Zebra Haworthia |
| Haworthiopsis limifolia | Haworthia limifolia | Asphodelaceae | Fairies Washboard Haworthia |
| Hedera helix | Hedera communis, Hedera cordata | Araliaceae | Common Ivy |
| Hedera nepalensis | | Araliaceae | Himalayan Ivy |
| Hedychium coccineum | Hedychium aurantiacum, Hedychium carneum, Hedychium roscoei | Zingiberaceae | Orange Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium coronarium | Hedychium maximum, Hedychium sulphureum, Hedychium spicatum G.Lodd. | Zingiberaceae | Butterfly Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium coronarium var. chrysoleucum | | Zingiberaceae | Gold Spot Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium deceptum | Hedychium rubrum | Zingiberaceae | Red Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium densiflorum | Hedychium sino-aureum | Zingiberaceae | Hardy Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium ellipticum | Hedychium fastigiatum, Gandasulium ellipticum | Zingiberaceae | Rock Butterfly Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium flavescens | Hedychium coronarium var. flavescens | Zingiberaceae | Yellow Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium gardnerianum | | Zingiberaceae | Kahili Ginger |
| Hedychium gracile | Gandasulium gracile | Zingiberaceae | Dainty Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium greenii | | Zingiberaceae | Scarlet Ginger |
| Hedychium marginatum | | Zingiberaceae | Yellow Butterfly Ginger |
| Hedychium spicatum | Hedychium album, Hedychium sieboldii, Hedychium acuminatum | Zingiberaceae | Spiked Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium stenopetalum | Hedychium elatum var. orgyale | Zingiberaceae | White Star Ginger |
| Hedyotis articularis | Oldenlandia articularis | Rubiaceae | Jointed Hedyotis |
| Hedyotis cyanantha | Oldenlandia pygmaea | Rubiaceae | Blue Hedyotis |
| Hedyotis fruticosa | Oldenlandia fruticosa, Hedyotis corymbosa | Rubiaceae | Shrubby Hedyotis |
| Hedyotis leschenaultiana | Hedyotis stylosa, Knoxia wightiana, Oldenlandia stylosa | Rubiaceae | Long-Style Hedyotis |
| Hedyotis purpurascens | Oldenlandia purpurascens | Rubiaceae | Purple Hedyotis |
| Hedyotis travancorica | Oldenlandia travancorica | Rubiaceae | Travancore Hedyotis |
| Hedyotis uncinella | Oldenlandia uncinella, Hedyotis borrerioides, Hedyotis cephalophora | Rubiaceae | Flower-Head Hedyotis |
| Hedysarum astragaloides | | Fabaceae | Lahaul Sweetvetch |
| Hedysarum kumaonense | | Fabaceae | Kumaon Sweetvetch |
| Hedysarum microcalyx | | Fabaceae | Long-Keel Sweetvetch |
| Helenium autumnale | | Asteraceae | Helen's Flower |
| Helianthus annuus 'Ring of Fire' | | Asteraceae | Sunflower 'Ring of Fire' |
| Helianthus annuus | | Asteraceae | Sunflower |
| Helianthus annuus 'Teddy Bear' | | Asteraceae | Teddy Bear Sunflower |
| Helianthus argophyllus | | Asteraceae | Silverleaf Sunflower |
| Helianthus debilis | | Asteraceae | Beach Sunflower |
| Helianthus tuberosus | Helianthus tomentosus, Helianthus pubescens | Asteraceae | Jerusalem Artichoke |
| Helicanthes elasticus | Loranthus elasticus | Loranthaceae | Rubbery Mango Mistletoe |
| Helichrysum buddleioides | Gnaphalium buddleioides, Gnaphalium cynoglossoides | Asteraceae | Butterfly-Bush Golden Cudweed |
| Helichrysum emodi | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Strawflower |
| Helichrysum splendidum | | Asteraceae | Cape Gold |
| Helichrysum wightii | | Asteraceae | Nilgiri Everlasting |
| Helicia robusta | Helicia glabrata, Helicia javanica, Helicia travancorica | Proteaceae | Robust Helicia |
| Heliconia chartacea | | Heliconiaceae | Pink Flamingo Heliconia |
| Heliconia latispatha | | Heliconiaceae | Golden Lobster Claw |
| Heliconia psittacorum | | Heliconiaceae | Parakeet Flower |
| Heliconia psittacorum x spathocircinata | | Heliconiaceae | Heliconia Golden Torch |
| Heliconia rostrata | | Heliconiaceae | Lobster Claw |
| Heliconia stricta | | Heliconiaceae | Erect Lobster Claw |
| Heliconia tortuosa | | Heliconiaceae | Red Twist Heliconia |
| Helicteres isora | | Sterculiaceae | East-Indian Screw Tree |
| Helinus lanceolatus | Gouania lanceolata, Mystacinus lanceolatus | Rhamnaceae | Lanceleaf Helinus |
| Heliopsis helianthoides | Heliopsis oppositifolia, Rudbeckia oppositifolia, Helepta grandiflora | Asteraceae | Oxeye Sunflower |
| Heliotropium bracteatum | Heliotropium laxiflorum, Heliotropium zeylanicum Wall. | Boraginaceae | Bracted Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium curassavicum | | Boraginaceae | Seaside Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium europaeum | Heliotropium vulgare, Heliotropium tenuiflorum, Heliotropium humile | Boraginaceae | Common Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium indicum | Heliotropium africanum | Boraginaceae | Indian Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium marifolium | Cynoglossum marifolium Roxb., Bothriospermum marifolium A.DC. | Boraginaceae | Seaforth Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium ovalifolium | | Boraginaceae | Grey Leaf Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium supinum | Piptoclaina supina | Boraginaceae | Dwarf Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium zeylanicum | Heliotropium linifolium, Heliotropium subulatum | Boraginaceae | Ceylon Heliotrope |
| Helixanthera intermedia | Loranthus intermedius | Loranthaceae | Intermediate Mistletoe |
| Helixanthera obtusatus | Loranthus obtusatus, Helixanthera obtusata | Loranthaceae | Bluntleaf Mistletoe |
| Helixanthera parasitica | Loranthus macrostachys, Lanthorus spicifer, Helixanthera parviflora | Loranthaceae | Red-Spike Mistletoe |
| Helixanthera wallichiana | Dendrophthoe wallichiana, Loranthus wallichianus | Loranthaceae | Four-Stamen Mistletoe |
| Helleborus orientalis | | Ranunculaceae | Lenten Rose |
| Hellenia speciosa | Costus speciosus, Cheilocostus speciosus, Amomum arboreum | Costaceae | Crepe Ginger |
| Hemarthria compressa | Hemarthria foliata, Hemarthria glabra, Hemarthria laxa | Poaceae | Whip Grass |
| Hemerocallis fulva | | Liliaceae | Orange Daylily |
| Hemerocallis hybrids | | Liliaceae | Daylily Frans Hals |
| Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus | Hemerocallis flava, Hemerocallis lutea | Liliaceae | Lemon Daylily |
| Hemidesmus indicus | | Apocynaceae | Indian Sarsaparilla |
| Hemiphragma heterophyllum | | Plantaginaceae | Nash Jhaar |
| Hemipilia chusua | Orchis chusua, Ponerorchis chusua, Orchis pulchella | Orchidaceae | Chusua Orchis |
| Hemipilia cordifolia | Hemipilia bulleyi, Hemipilia cruciata, Hemipilia formosana | Orchidaceae | Heart-Leaf Hemipilia |
| Hemipilia nana | Orchis chusua var. nana, Apetalanthe gracilis, Ponerorchis nana | Orchidaceae | Tiny Hemipilia |
| Henckelia anachoreta | Chirita anachoreta, Didymocarpus anachoretus, Roettlera anachoreta | Gesneriaceae | Hermit Henckelia |
| Henckelia bifolia | Chirita bifolia, Didymocarpus bifolius | Gesneriaceae | Two-Leaved Chirita |
| Henckelia bracteata | | Gesneriaceae | Bracted Stone Flower |
| Henckelia collegii-sancti-thomasii | | Gesneriaceae | Dark Henckelia |
| Henckelia dasii | | Gesneriaceae | Ziro Henckelia |
| Henckelia grandifolia | Chirita macrophylla, Didymocarpus grandifolius, Roettlera grandifolia | Gesneriaceae | Large-Leaf Henckelia |
| Henckelia hookeri | Chirita hookeri, Roettlera josephi, Henckelia arupii | Gesneriaceae | East-Indian Henckelia |
| Henckelia humboldtiana | Didymocarpus humboldtianus, Roettlera humboldtiana | Gesneriaceae | Long-Scape Stone Flower |
| Henckelia incana | Didymocarpus tomentosus, Didymocarpus rottlerianus, Rottlera incana | Gesneriaceae | Hairy Stone Flower |
| Henckelia lachenensis | Chirita lachenensis, Chirita clarkei, Chirita umbricola | Gesneriaceae | Lachen Henckelia |
| Henckelia lallanii | | Gesneriaceae | Red Henckelia |
| Henckelia longipedicellata | Chirita longipedicellata | Gesneriaceae | Long-Stalk Henckelia |
| Henckelia macrostachya | Didymocarpus macrostachyus | Gesneriaceae | Large-Spike Stone Flower |
| Henckelia meeboldii | Didymocarpus meeboldii | Gesneriaceae | Nilgiri Stone Flower |
| Henckelia mishmiensis | Chirita mishmiensis | Gesneriaceae | Mishmi Stone Flower |
| Henckelia oblongifolia | Chirita oblongifolia, Roettlera oblongifolia, Lysionotus bijantiae | Gesneriaceae | Oblong-Leaf Henckelia |
| Henckelia ovalifolia | Didymocarpus ovalifolius, Roettlera ovalifolia | Gesneriaceae | Oval-Leaf Stone Flower |
| Henckelia pumila | Chirita flava, Didymocarpus speciosus, Chirita pumila | Gesneriaceae | Dwarf Chirita |
| Henckelia repens | Didymocarpus repens, Roettlera repens | Gesneriaceae | Creeping Stone Flower |
| Henckelia siangensis | | Gesneriaceae | Siang Henckelia |
| Henckelia umbellata | | Gesneriaceae | Umbelled Henckelia |
| Henckelia urticifolia | Chirita grandiflora, Chirita urticifolia | Gesneriaceae | Nettle Leaved Chirita |
| Heptapleurum actinophyllum | Schefflera actinophylla, Brassaia actinophylla | Araliaceae | Octopus Tree |
| Heptapleurum arboricola | Schefflera arboricola | Araliaceae | Dwarf Umbrella Tree |
| Heptapleurum bourdillonii | Schefflera bourdillonii | Araliaceae | Kerala Schefflera |
| Heptapleurum ellipticum | Sciadophyllum ellipticum, Paratropia elliptica, Schefflera elliptica | Araliaceae | Elliptic-Leaved Schefflera |
| Heptapleurum stellatum | Schefflera stellata, Hedera terebinthinacea | Araliaceae | Starry Schefflera |
| Heptapleurum venulosum | Paratropia venulosa, Schefflera venulosa, Hedera venulosa | Araliaceae | Schefflera Vine |
| Heracleum candicans | Heracleum cinereum, Heracleum hypoleucum | Apiaceae | White Himalayan Hogweed |
| Heracleum canescens | Heracleum hirsutum, Heracleum cinereum | Apiaceae | Grey-Hairy Hogweed |
| Heracleum pinnatum | | Apiaceae | Pinnate-Leaved Hogweed |
| Herissantia crispa | Abutilon crispum, Abutilon cistiflorum | Malvaceae | Bladder Mallow |
| Heritiera littoralis | Amygdalus litoralis, Balanopteris tothila, Heritiera littoralis subsp. littoralis | Sterculiaceae | Looking Glass Mangrove |
| Heritiera macrophylla | | Sterculiaceae | Large Leaf Looking Glass Tree |
| Herminium clavigerum | Habenaria clavigera, Platanthera clavigera, Platantheroides clavigera | Orchidaceae | Club-Tail Habenaria |
| Herminium edgeworthii | Habenaria edgeworthii, Platanthera edgeworthii | Orchidaceae | Riddhi Habenaria |
| Herminium elisabethae | Habenaria elisabethae, Peristylus elisabethae | Orchidaceae | Tiny-Flower Herminium |
| Herminium fallax | Habenaria fallax, Monorchis fallax, Platanthera fallax, Peristylus fallax | Orchidaceae | Deceptive Habenaria |
| Herminium humidicola | Bhutanthera humidicola, Peristylus humidicola, Frigidorchis humidicola | Orchidaceae | Swamp Herminium |
| Herminium josephi | Herminium grandiflorum, Herminium duthiei | Orchidaceae | Large-Flower Herminium |
| Herminium lanceum | Ophrys lancea, Satyrium lanceum, Spiranthes lancea | Orchidaceae | Lanceleaf Herminum |
| Herminium longilobatum | | Orchidaceae | Long-Lobed Herminium |
| Herminium monorchis | | Orchidaceae | Musk Orchid |
| Hernandia nymphaeifolia | Biasolettia nymphaeifolia, Hernandia peltata, Hernandia vitiensis | Hernandiaceae | Lantern Tree |
| Herniaria hirsuta | Herniaria vulgaris var. hirsuta, Paronychia hirsuta, Herniaria pauciflora | Caryophyllaceae | Hairy Rupture-Wort |
| Herpetospermum pedunculosum | Herpetospermum grandiflorum, Herpetospermum caudigerum | Cucurbitaceae | Himalayan Bitter Gourd |
| Herpysma longicaulis | Erythrodes bracteata, Herpysma bracteata, Herpysma sumatrana | Orchidaceae | Long-Stem Herpysma |
| Hesperantha coccinea | Schizostylis coccinea, Schizostylis ixioides, Schizostylis pauciflora | Iridaceae | Crimson River Lily |
| Hesperis matronalis | | Brassicaceae | Dame's Rocket |
| Hetaeria affinis | Goodyera affinis, Cerochilus rubens, Hetaeria rubens, Rhamphidia rubens | Orchidaceae | Reddish Hetaeria |
| Hetaeria oblongifolia | Goodyera discoidea, Hetaeria nitida, Epipactis discoidea | Orchidaceae | Hairy Jewel Orchid |
| Heteropanax fragrans | Aralia fragrans, Panax fragrans | Araliaceae | Fragrant Aralia |
| Heterophragma quadriloculare | Heterophragma roxburghii, Spathodea roxburghii | Bignoniaceae | Waras |
| Heteropogon contortus | Andropogon contortus, Heteropogon fertilis | Poaceae | Black Speargrass |
| Heteropterys glabra | Heteropterys angustifolia, Heteropteris lanceolata | Malpighiaceae | Red Wing |
| Heterostemma dalzellii | Heterostemma wallichii | Apocynaceae | Western Ghats Star Creeper |
| Heterostemma decanense | Oianthus deccanensis | Apocynaceae | Deccan Urn-Flower |
| Heterostemma urceolatum | Oianthus urceolatus | Apocynaceae | Urn-Flower Creeper |
| Heterotis rotundifolia | Dissotis rotundifolia, Melastoma plumosum, Osbeckia rotundifolia | Melastomataceae | Spanish Shawl |
| Heuchera americana | | Saxifragaceae | American Alum Root |
| Hevea brasiliensis | Hevea sieberi, Hevea randiana | Euphorbiaceae | Para Rubber Tree |
| Hewittia malabarica | Convolvulus malabaricus, Hewittia bicolor, Convolvulus scandens | Convolvulaceae | Malabar Bindweed |
| Hexasepalum tere | Diodia teres, Diodella teres, Spermacoce diodina | Rubiaceae | Rough Buttonweed |
| Heynea trijuga | Trichilia connaroides, Walsura trijuga, Heynea connaroides | Meliaceae | Indian Heynea |
| Hibiscus acetosella | | Malvaceae | Cranberry Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus caesius | Hibiscus gibsonii, Hibiscus heptaphyllus, Hibiscus pentaphyllus | Malvaceae | Five-Fingered Mallow |
| Hibiscus canescens | | Malvaceae | Greyish Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus cannabinus | | Malvaceae | Kenaf |
| Hibiscus glandulifer | Hibiscus glanduliferus | Malvaceae | Yellow Rose-Mallow |
| Hibiscus hirtus | Hibiscus rosa-malabarica, Hibiscus virgatus | Malvaceae | Lesser Mallow orange |
| Hibiscus hirtus | | Malvaceae | Lesser Mallow white |
| Hibiscus hispidissimus | | Malvaceae | Wild Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus lobatus | Solandra lobata, Hibiscus solandra | Malvaceae | Lobed Leaf Mallow |
| Hibiscus lunariifolius | Cotyloplecta dongolensis, Cotyloplecta macrantha | Malvaceae | Lunaria-Leaf Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus micranthus | Hibiscus rigidus, Hibiscus parvifolius | Malvaceae | Tiny Flower Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus moscheutos 'Luna Red' | | Malvaceae | Luna Red Rose Mallow |
| Hibiscus moscheutos 'Southern Belle' | | Malvaceae | Southern Belle Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus mutabilis | | Malvaceae | Changeable Rose |
| Hibiscus panduriformis | | Malvaceae | Yellow Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus platanifolius | Pavonia platanifolia, Hibiscus eriocarpus, Hibiscus collinus | Malvaceae | Maple-Leaved Mallow |
| Hibiscus radiatus | Hibiscus lindleyi, Canhamo braziliensis | Malvaceae | Monarch Rosemallow |
| Hibiscus rosa-sinensis | | Malvaceae | China Rose |
| Hibiscus sabdariffa | Hibiscus digitatus, Sabdariffa digitata, Hibiscus palmatilobus | Malvaceae | Roselle |
| Hibiscus schizopetalus | | Malvaceae | Japanese Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus surattensis | Furcaria surattensis | Malvaceae | Bush Sorrel |
| Hibiscus syriacus | | Malvaceae | Rose of Sharon |
| Hibiscus tiliaceus | Talipariti tiliaceum, Hibiscus hastatus L.f. | Malvaceae | Sea Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus trionum | Ketmia trionum, Hibiscus vesicarius, Trionum annuum | Malvaceae | Flower of an Hour |
| Hibiscus vitifolius | Fioria vitifolia, Kosteletzkya vitifolia | Malvaceae | Grape Leaved Mallow |
| Hierochloe laxa | Anthoxanthum laxum | Poaceae | Lax Sweet-Grass |
| Hildegardia populifolia | Sterculia populifolia, Sterculia candollei | Sterculiaceae | Poplar Sterculia |
| Himalrandia tetrasperma | Gardenia tetrasperma, Randia tetrasperma, Aidia tetrasperma | Rubiaceae | Himalayan Randia |
| Hippeastrum cybister 'Chico' | | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllis Chico |
| Hippeastrum puniceum | | Amaryllidaceae | Barbados Lily |
| Hippeastrum reticulatum | Hippeastrum striatifolium, Amaryllis striatifolia | Amaryllidaceae | Net-Veined Amaryllis |
| Hippeastrum x johnsonii | Amaryllis x johnsonii Bury | Amaryllidaceae | Johnson's Amaryllis |
| Hippobroma longiflora | Lobelia longiflora, Isotoma longiflora, Laurentia longiflora | Campanulaceae | Star of Bethlehem |
| Hippolytia longifolia | Chrysanthemum longifolium, Tanacetum dolichophyllum, Chrysanthemum dolichophyllum | Asteraceae | Long-Leaved Tansy |
| Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. turkestanica | Hippophae turkestanica | Elaeagnaceae | Leh Berry |
| Hippophae salicifolia | Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. salicifolia | Elaeagnaceae | Willow-Leaved Sea Buckthorn |
| Hippophae tibetana | Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. tibetana | Elaeagnaceae | Tibetan Sea Buckthorn |
| Hiptage benghalensis | | Malpighiaceae | Madhavi Lata |
| Holarrhena pubescens | Holarrhena antidysenterica | Apocynaceae | Indrajao |
| Holcoglossum himalaicum | Ascocentrum himalaicum, Vanda himalaica, Pendulorchis himalaica | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Strap-Lip Orchid |
| Holigarna arnottiana | Holigarna racemosa Hohen. ex Engl., Holigarna longifolia Wight & Arn. | Anacardiaceae | Black Varnish Tree |
| Holigarna grahamii | Holigarna wightii, Catutsjeron grahamii | Anacardiaceae | Blistering Varnish Tree |
| Holigarna nigra | | Anacardiaceae | Black-Flowered Varnish Tree |
| Holmskioldia sanguinea | Holmskioldia rubra, Hastingia coccinea, Holmskioldia scandens | Verbenaceae | Chinese Hat |
| Holoptelea integrifolia | Ulmus integrifolia | Ulmaceae | Indian Elm |
| Homalium ceylanicum | Blackwellia ceylanica, Homalium zeylanicum, Blackwellia zeylanica | Salicaceae | Ceylon Homalium |
| Homalium tomentosum | Blackwellia tomentosum, Homalium propinquum, Blakwellia spiralis | Salicaceae | Burma Lancewood |
| Homalomena aromatica | Calla aromatica, Zantedeschia aromatica | Araceae | Fragrant Shield Plant |
| Homalomena pendula | Homalomena rubra, Homalomena rosea, Caladium pendulum | Araceae | Red Shield Plant |
| Homonoia retusa | Adelia retusa | Euphorbiaceae | Wedge-Leaved Water Croton |
| Homonoia riparia | Adelia neriifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Willow-Leaved Water Croton |
| Hopea parviflora | | Dipterocarpaceae | Malabar Ironwood |
| Hopea ponga | Artocarpus ponga, Hopea wightiana | Dipterocarpaceae | Ponga |
| Hoppea dichotoma | Hoppea dichotoma f. pedicellata S.R.Paul, Canscora pusilla, Cicendia roxburghii | Gentianaceae | Indian Hoppea |
| Hoppea fastigiata | Cicendia fastigiata, Exacum fastigiatum, Exacum concinnum | Gentianaceae | South-Indian Hoppea |
| Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum | | Poaceae | Hare Barley |
| Hordeum vulgare | | Poaceae | Barley |
| Hosta lancifolia | | Asparagaceae | Narrow-Leaved Plantain Lily |
| Hosta plantaginea | | Asparagaceae | Fragrant Plantain Lily |
| Hosta ventricosa | Hosta coerulea, Hosta miquelii, Hemerocallis caerulea | Asparagaceae | Blue Plantain Lily |
| Houttuynia cordata | Houttuynia foetida, Polypara cordata | Saururaceae | Chameleon Plant |
| Hoya arnottiana | | Apocynaceae | Pointed-Petal Wax Flower |
| Hoya bella | Hoya lanceolata subsp. bella, Hoya paxtonii | Apocynaceae | Miniature Wax Plant |
| Hoya carnosa | | Apocynaceae | Wax Flower |
| Hoya diversifolia | Hoya diversifolia subsp. diversifolia | Apocynaceae | Mangrove Wax Plant |
| Hoya fusca | | Apocynaceae | Dusky Wax Flower |
| Hoya griffithii | Hoya kwangsiensis, Hoya lancilimba, Hoya tsoii | Apocynaceae | East-Himalayan Wax Flower |
| Hoya lanceolata | | Apocynaceae | Lanceleaf Wax Flower |
| Hoya linearis | | Apocynaceae | Narrow-Leaf Wax Flower |
| Hoya manipurensis | Micholitzia obcordata, Dischidia obcordata, Antiostelma manipurense | Apocynaceae | Manipur Wax Flower |
| Hoya oreogena | Hoya salweenica, Hoya revolubilis | Apocynaceae | Mountain Wax Flower |
| Hoya pauciflora | Hoya wightiana | Apocynaceae | South-Indian Wax Flower |
| Hoya polyneura | | Apocynaceae | Fishtail Wax Flower |
| Hoya pubicalyx | | Apocynaceae | Pink Silver Wax Flower |
| Hoya serpens | | Apocynaceae | Shooting Star Wax Flower |
| Hoya verticillata | | Apocynaceae | Whorled Wax Flower |
| Hoya villosa | | Apocynaceae | Hairy Wax Flower |
| Hoya wightii | Hoya pendula | Apocynaceae | Pendulous Wax Flower |
| Hsenhsua chrysea | Chusua chrysea, Orchis chrysea, Habenaria chrysea, Ponerorchis chrysea | Orchidaceae | Creamy Orchis |
| Huberantha cerasoides | Guatteria cerasoides, Polyalthia cerasoides, Uvaria cerasoides | Annonaceae | Cherry Ashok |
| Huernia lenewtonii | Ceropegia lenewtonii | Apocynaceae | Kenyan Dragon Flower |
| Huernia zebrina | Ceropegia zebrina | Apocynaceae | Lifesaver Cactus |
| Hugonia mystax | | Linaceae | Climbing Flax |
| Humboldtia brunonis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Three-Petal Humboldtia |
| Humboldtia unijuga | Humboldtia unijuga var. unijuga | Caesalpiniaceae | Bark-Flower Humboldtia |
| Humboldtia vahliana | | Caesalpiniaceae | Malabar Humboldtia |
| Humulus lupulus | | Cannabaceae | Common Hop |
| Hura crepitans | Hura brasiliensis | Euphorbiaceae | Sandbox Tree |
| Hyacinthus orientalis | | Asparagaceae | Hyacinth |
| Hybanthus enneaspermus | Ionidium suffruticosum | Violaceae | Spade Flower |
| Hydnocarpus alpina | | Achariaceae | Alpine Almond |
| Hydnocarpus pentandrus | Chilmoria pentandra, Hydnocarpus laurifolia | Achariaceae | Jangli Almond |
| Hydnophytum formicarum | | Rubiaceae | Ant Plant |
| Hydrangea anomala | Hydrangea glabra, Hydrangea altissima, Hydrangea glaucophylla | Hydrangeaceae | Climbing Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea arborescens var. grandiflora | | Hydrangeaceae | Wild Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea aspera subsp. robusta | Hydrangea robusta, Hydrangea rosthornii | Hydrangeaceae | Himalayan Tree Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea febrifuga | Hydrangea pubescens, Dichroa febrifuga | Hydrangeaceae | Blue Himalayan Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea heteromalla | | Hydrangeaceae | Himalayan Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea macrophylla | | Hydrangeaceae | Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea robusta | Hydrangea cyanema, Hydrangea rotundifolia | Hydrangeaceae | Robust Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea serrata | Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. serrata, Viburnum serratum, Hortensia serrata | Hydrangeaceae | Mountain Hydrangea |
| Hydrilla verticillata | Hydrilla ovalifolia, Hydrilla polysperma, Serpicula verticillata, Vallisneria verticillata | Hydrocharitaceae | Water Thyme |
| Hydrocera triflora | Impatiens angustifolia, Impatiens triflora, Impatiens natans | Balsaminaceae | Marsh Henna |
| Hydrocharis morsus-ranae | Hydrocharis asarifolia , Sagittaria triflora | Hydrocharitaceae | Common Frogbit |
| Hydrocleys nymphoides | Limnocharis nymphoides, Sagittaria ranunculoides | Alismataceae | Water Poppy |
| Hydrocotyle himalaica | Hydrocotyle javanica var. podantha, Hydrocotyle podantha | Araliaceae | Himalayan Pennywort |
| Hydrocotyle javanica | Hydrocotyle hispida, Hydrocotyle nepalensis | Araliaceae | Java Pennywort |
| Hydrocotyle ramiflora | Hydrocotyle maritima | Araliaceae | Chinese Pennywort |
| Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides | Hydrocotyle rotundifolia, Hydrocotyle peduncularis, Hydrocotyle monticola | Araliaceae | Water Pennywort |
| Hydrocotyle umbellata | Hydrocotyle ambigua, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Hydrocotyle caffra | Araliaceae | Many-Flowered Marsh-Pennywort |
| Hydrocotyle verticillata | Hydrocotyle prolifera, Hydrocotyle triradiata, Hydrocotyle australis | Araliaceae | Whorled Marsh-Pennywort |
| Hydrolea zeylanica | Nama zeylanica, Hydrolea javanica, Hydrolea inermis | Hydroleaceae | Ceylon Hydrolea |
| Hydrophylax maritima | Diodia orientalis, Sarissus anceps | Rubiaceae | East-Indian Water-Bluet |
| Hygrophila auriculata | Hygrophila schulli, Hygrophila spinosa, Hygrophila schulli var. alba | Acanthaceae | Marsh Barbel |
| Hygrophila balsamica | Cardanthera balsamica, Adenosma balsamea, Ruellia balsamica | Acanthaceae | Aromatic Swampweed |
| Hygrophila corymbosa | Justicia roxburghiana, Nomaphila corymbosa, Echinacanthus javanicus | Acanthaceae | Temple Mint |
| Hygrophila heinei | Hygrophila helodes, Hygrophila pseudopolysperma, Ruellia uliginosa | Acanthaceae | Little Blue Swampweed |
| Hygrophila madurensis | Santapaua madurensis | Acanthaceae | Madurai Swampweed |
| Hygrophila phlomoides | Hygrophila obovata, Ruellia hirsuta, Ruellia phlomoides | Acanthaceae | Sage Swampweed |
| Hygrophila pinnatifida | Cardanthera pinnatifida, Nomaphila pinnatifida, Adenosma pinnatifida | Acanthaceae | Fern-Leaf Swampweed |
| Hygrophila ringens | | Acanthaceae | Erect Hygrophila |
| Hygrophila serpyllum | Adenosma polysperma, Physichilus serpyllum, Ruellia polysperma | Acanthaceae | Marsh Carpet |
| Hygrophila serpyllum var. hookeriana | | Acanthaceae | Roundleaf Marsh Carpet |
| Hygroryza aristata | Zizania aristata, Pharus aristatus, Leersia aristata | Poaceae | Asian Watergrass |
| Hylodesmum podocarpum | Desmodium podocarpum, Hedysarum podocarpum | Fabaceae | Podocarp Demodium |
| Hylodesmum repandum | Desmodium repandum, Hedysarum repandum | Fabaceae | Wavy-Leaf Desmodium |
| Hylotelephium ewersii | Sedum ewersii, Sedum rubrum, Sedum pakistanicum | Crassulaceae | Pink Sedum |
| Hylotelephium spectabile | Sedum spectabile, Sedum fabarium, Sedum pseudospectabile | Crassulaceae | Showy Sedum |
| Hymenidium brunonis | Hymenolaena brunonis, Pleurospermum brunonis, Ligusticum brunonis | Apiaceae | Feather-Leaf Paper Cup Flower |
| Hymenidium lindleyanum | Pleurospermum lindleyanum, Pleurospermum stellatum var. lindleyanum | Apiaceae | Rosette Milk Parsley |
| Hymenidium stellatum | Pleurospermum stellatum Benth. ex C. B. Cl., Selinum stellatum | Apiaceae | Starry Milk Parsley |
| Hymenocallis littoralis | Hymenocallis insignis, Hymenocallis pedalis, Hymenocallis tenuiflora | Amaryllidaceae | Beach Spider Lily |
| Hymenocallis speciosa | Hymenocallis erosa, Pancratium speciosum, Pancratium formosum | Amaryllidaceae | Showy Spider Lily |
| Hymenodictyon obovatum | | Rubiaceae | Kadwa Sirid |
| Hymenodictyon orixense | Hymenodictyon excelsum, Cinchona excelsa | Rubiaceae | Bridal Couch Tree |
| Hymenolaena candollei | Pleurospermum candollei, Hymenolaena latifolia, Ligusticum candollei | Apiaceae | West-Himalayan Paper Cup Flower |
| Hymenosporum flavum | Pittosporum flavum | Pittosporaceae | Queensland Frangipani |
| Hyophorbe lagenicaulis | Mascarena lagenicaulis, Mascarena revaughanii | Arecaceae | Bottle Palm |
| Hyoscyamus insanus | Hyoscyamus angulatus | Solanaceae | Purple Henbane |
| Hyoscyamus niger | | Solanaceae | Henbane |
| Hypecoum leptocarpum | Hypecoum chinense | Papaveraceae | Himalayan Little Poppy |
| Hypecoum pendulum | Hypecoum procumbens, Hypecoum tetragonum, Hypecoum parviflorum | Papaveraceae | Nodding Little Poppy |
| Hypericum androsaemum | | Hypericaceae | Tutsan |
| Hypericum choisyanum | | Hypericaceae | Short-Stamen Hypericum |
| Hypericum dyeri | Hypericum lysimachioides | Hypericaceae | Loosestrife Hypericum |
| Hypericum elodeoides | Hypericum napaulense | Hypericaceae | Himalayan Hypericum |
| Hypericum hookerianum | Hypericum garrettii | Hypericaceae | South-Asian Hypericum |
| Hypericum japonicum | Hypericum chinense, Hypericum nervatum, Hypericum thunbergii | Hypericaceae | Matted Hypericum |
| Hypericum mysurense | Hypericum mysorense, Norysca mysurensis | Hypericaceae | Mysore Hypericum |
| Hypericum oblongifolium | Hypericum cernuum | Hypericaceae | Pendant Hypericum |
| Hypericum perforatum | | Hypericaceae | Perforate Hypericum |
| Hypericum podocarpoides | | Hypericaceae | Narrow-Leaf Hypericum |
| Hypericum uralum | Hypericum nepalense K. Koch, Norysca urala | Hypericaceae | Nepal Hypericum |
| Hypertelis cerviana | Mollugo cerviana, Pharnaceum cerviana, Pharnaceum glabrum | Molluginaceae | Thread-Stem Carpetweed |
| Hypoestes lanata | | Acanthaceae | Woolly Polka Dot Plant |
| Hypoestes phyllostachya | Hypoestes sanguinolenta | Acanthaceae | Polka Dot Plant |
| Hypoxis aurea | Hypoxis minor, Curculigo graminifolia | Hypoxidaceae | Golden Star Grass |
| Hyptis capitata | | Lamiaceae | Knobweed |
| Hyssopus officinalis | Hyssopus vulgaris, Thymus hyssopus | Lamiaceae | Hyssop |
| Iberis amara | | Brassicaceae | Candytuft |
| Iberis carnosa | Iberis pruitii, | Brassicaceae | Pruit's Candytuft |
| Iberis umbellata | | Brassicaceae | Globe Candytuft |
| Ichnocarpus frutescens | Apocynum frutescens, Echites frutescens, Quirivelia frutescens | Apocynaceae | Black Creeper |
| Ilex cornuta | Ilex furcata, Ilex fortunei | Aquifoliaceae | Chinese Holly |
| Ilex dipyrena | Ilex dentonii | Aquifoliaceae | Himalayan Holly |
| Ilex odorata | Ilex theifolia, Ilex gaultheriifolia | Aquifoliaceae | Fragrant Himalayan Holly |
| Illicium griffithii | Badianifera griffithii, Ternstroemia khasyana | Schisandraceae | Himalayan Star Anise |
| Illigera appendiculata | | Hernandiaceae | Java Illigera |
| Impatiens acaulis | | Balsaminaceae | Stemless Balsam |
| Impatiens agumbeana | | Balsaminaceae | Agumbe Balsam |
| Impatiens aliciae | | Balsaminaceae | Alicia Balsam |
| Impatiens amphorata | Impatiens devendrae, Impatiens bicolor var. devendrae | Balsaminaceae | Amphora Balsam |
| Impatiens amplexicaulis | | Balsaminaceae | Clasping-Leaf Balsam |
| Impatiens anaimudica | Impatiens konalarensis | Balsaminaceae | Anamudi Balsam |
| Impatiens arguta | Impatiens gagei | Balsaminaceae | East Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens auriculata | | Balsaminaceae | Green-Lip Balsam |
| Impatiens bababudenensis | | Balsaminaceae | Baba Budan Balsam |
| Impatiens balfourii | | Balsaminaceae | White-Pink Balsam |
| Impatiens balsamina | Impatiens coccinea, Impatiens cornuta, Balsamina hortensis | Balsaminaceae | Garden Balsam |
| Impatiens benthamii | Impatiens radicans | Balsaminaceae | Pink Hook-Spur Balsam |
| Impatiens bicolor | Impatiens nepalensis, Impatiens picta | Balsaminaceae | Bicolor Balsam |
| Impatiens bicornuta | Impatiens cristigera | Balsaminaceae | Horned Balsam |
| Impatiens brachycentra | | Balsaminaceae | Spurless Balsam |
| Impatiens bracteata | Impatiens fimbriata | Balsaminaceae | Bracted Balsam |
| Impatiens brevicornis | Impatiens chinensis var. brevicornis Barnes | Balsaminaceae | Short-Horn Balsam |
| Impatiens campanulata | | Balsaminaceae | Bellflower Balsam |
| Impatiens chinensis | Impatiens cosmia, Impatiens setacea | Balsaminaceae | Chinese Balsam |
| Impatiens chungtienensis | Impatiens badrinathii Pusalkar and Singh, Impatiens amplexicaulis auct. non Edgew. | Balsaminaceae | Shangri-La Balsam |
| Impatiens clavicornu | | Balsaminaceae | Club-Spur Balsam |
| Impatiens coelotropis | | Balsaminaceae | Green-Tail Balsam |
| Impatiens cordata | | Balsaminaceae | Heart-Leaf Balsam |
| Impatiens cothurnoides | | Balsaminaceae | Garo Balsam |
| Impatiens courtallensis | | Balsaminaceae | Courtallam Balsam |
| Impatiens cuspidata | Impatiens latifolia sensu Hook F. | Balsaminaceae | Spindle-Fruit Balsam |
| Impatiens dalzellii | | Balsaminaceae | Western Ghats Yellow Balsam |
| Impatiens dasysperma | Impatiens lucida | Balsaminaceae | Shining Balsam |
| Impatiens decipiens | | Balsaminaceae | Deceptive Balsam |
| Impatiens dendricola | | Balsaminaceae | Tree-Dwelling Balsam |
| Impatiens denisonii | | Balsaminaceae | Denison Balsam |
| Impatiens disotis | | Balsaminaceae | Tirunelveli Balsam |
| Impatiens drepanophora | | Balsaminaceae | Sickle-Bearing Balsam |
| Impatiens edgeworthii | Impatiens longicornu var. cristata, Impatiens chrysantha | Balsaminaceae | Yellow Kashmir Balsam |
| Impatiens elegans | | Balsaminaceae | Elegant Balsam |
| Impatiens exilis | Impatiens longicornu f. cristata Hook., Impatiens formicarum | Balsaminaceae | Slender East-Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens falcifera | | Balsaminaceae | Sickle Balsam |
| Impatiens fasciculata | Impatiens vivekananthanii | Balsaminaceae | Fascicled-Flower Balsam |
| Impatiens flaccida | | Balsaminaceae | Pink Orchid Balsam |
| Impatiens flemingii | | Balsaminaceae | Himachal Balsam |
| Impatiens floribunda | Impatiens flaccida sensu Hook. f. | Balsaminaceae | Free-Flowering Balsam |
| Impatiens florigera | | Balsaminaceae | East-Himalayan Flowering Balsam |
| Impatiens fruticosa | | Balsaminaceae | Shrubby Balsam |
| Impatiens gardneriana | Impatiens setosa | Balsaminaceae | Pink Long-Spur Balsam |
| Impatiens glandulifera | Impatiens roylei | Balsaminaceae | Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens glauca | | Balsaminaceae | Glaucous Balsam |
| Impatiens goughii | Impatiens microtheca, Impatiens pulniensis, Impatiens anamallayensis | Balsaminaceae | Small-Hat Balsam |
| Impatiens graciliflora | Impatiens radiata var. graciliflora | Balsaminaceae | Slender-Flower Balsam |
| Impatiens grandis | Impatiens grandiflora Wall., Impatiens biglandulosa, Impatiens hookeriana | Balsaminaceae | Grand Balsam |
| Impatiens hawkeri | Impatiens herzogii, Impatiens linearifolia, Impatiens schlechteri | Balsaminaceae | New Guinea Balsam |
| Impatiens henslowiana | Impatiens albida | Balsaminaceae | Malabar Whitish Balsam |
| Impatiens herbicola | | Balsaminaceae | Herb-Dwelling Balsam |
| Impatiens inconspicua | Impatiens pusilla | Balsaminaceae | Tiny Balsam |
| Impatiens infundibularis | | Balsaminaceae | Funnel Balsam |
| Impatiens johnii | | Balsaminaceae | Kerala Narrow-Petal Balsam |
| Impatiens jurpia | | Balsaminaceae | Red-Spur White Balsam |
| Impatiens kamrupana | | Balsaminaceae | Kamrup Balsam |
| Impatiens khasiana | Impatiens bella var. major | Balsaminaceae | Khasi Balsam |
| Impatiens laevigata var. laevigata | | Balsaminaceae | Smooth Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens laticornis | | Balsaminaceae | Wide-Horned Balsam |
| Impatiens latiflora | | Balsaminaceae | Indian Angel Balsam |
| Impatiens lawii | | Balsaminaceae | Purple-Throat Balsam |
| Impatiens laxiflora | Impatiens micranthemum, Impatiens leggei | Balsaminaceae | Lax-Flowered Balsam |
| Impatiens leptura | | Balsaminaceae | Leptura Balsam |
| Impatiens leschenaultii | Balsamina leschenaultii | Balsaminaceae | White Nilgiri Balsam |
| Impatiens levingei | | Balsaminaceae | Levinge Balsam |
| Impatiens ligulata | | Balsaminaceae | Hatchet-Wing Balsam |
| Impatiens maculata | | Balsaminaceae | Spotted Balsam |
| Impatiens meeboldii | | Balsaminaceae | White Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens minor | Impatiens kleinii, Impatiens tilo, Impatiens rheedei | Balsaminaceae | Lesser Balsam |
| Impatiens modesta | Impatiens tenuis Bedd. | Balsaminaceae | Modest Balsam |
| Impatiens mullaingiriensis | | Balsaminaceae | Mullayyanagiri Balsam |
| Impatiens munnarensis | | Balsaminaceae | Munnar Balsam |
| Impatiens munronii | | Balsaminaceae | Woolly Red Balsam |
| Impatiens mysorensis | Balsamina mysorensis | Balsaminaceae | Mysore Balsam |
| Impatiens neo-barnesii | Impatiens barnesii C.E.C.Fisch. | Balsaminaceae | Barnes Balsam |
| Impatiens nilgirica | | Balsaminaceae | Nilgiri Balsam |
| Impatiens oppositifolia | Impatiens rosmarinifolia, Impatiens nataliae | Balsaminaceae | Opposite-Leaved Balsam |
| Impatiens parasitica | | Balsaminaceae | Parrot Balsam |
| Impatiens pasighatensis | | Balsaminaceae | Pasighat Balsam |
| Impatiens pendula | | Balsaminaceae | Hanging Balsam |
| Impatiens phoenicea | | Balsaminaceae | Tyrian Red Balsam |
| Impatiens platyadena | | Balsaminaceae | Redwing Balsam |
| Impatiens porrecta | Impatiens bella, Impatiens andersonii, Impatiens garrettii, Impatiens striolata | Balsaminaceae | Pretty East-Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens pradhanii | Impatiens bicornuta sensu Hook.f. | Balsaminaceae | Yellow Horned Balsam |
| Impatiens pseudoacaulis | Impatiens scapiflora var. pseudo-acaulis, Impatiens pseudo-acaulis | Balsaminaceae | Tree-Dwelling Nilgiri Balsam |
| Impatiens puberula | Balsamina puberula, Impatiens hispidula, Impatiens mollis | Balsaminaceae | Soft Pink Balsam |
| Impatiens pulcherrima | | Balsaminaceae | Handsome Flowered Balsam |
| Impatiens pulchra | Impatiens annulifera, Impatiens mengtszeana, Impatiens monticola | Balsaminaceae | Orange Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens racemosa | Impatiens microsciadia, Impatiens racemosa var. racemosa | Balsaminaceae | Yellow Long-Tailed Balsam |
| Impatiens radiata | Impatiens centiflora | Balsaminaceae | Spreading Rays Balsam |
| Impatiens raziana | | Balsaminaceae | Scarlet Kanara Balsam |
| Impatiens repens | | Balsaminaceae | Ceylon Balsam |
| Impatiens roingensis | | Balsaminaceae | Roing Balsam |
| Impatiens rufescens | | Balsaminaceae | Rusty Nilgiri Balsam |
| Impatiens rupicola | Impatiens rivulicola | Balsaminaceae | Rock Balsam |
| Impatiens scabrida | Impatiens cristata, Impatiens calycina, Impatiens hamiltoniana | Balsaminaceae | Rough Yellow Balsam |
| Impatiens scabriuscula | Balsamina scabriuscula | Balsaminaceae | Rough-Leaved Spurless Balsam |
| Impatiens scapiflora | Impatiens cordifolia | Balsaminaceae | Leafless-Stem Balsam |
| Impatiens scullyi | | Balsaminaceae | Nepal Pale Balsam |
| Impatiens siangensis | | Balsaminaceae | Siang Balsam |
| Impatiens stenantha | | Balsaminaceae | Narrow Flowered Balsam |
| Impatiens stocksii | | Balsaminaceae | Stocks Balsam |
| Impatiens stolonifera | | Balsaminaceae | Runner-Forming Balsam |
| Impatiens sulcata | Impatiens gigantea | Balsaminaceae | Gigantic Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens talbotii | | Balsaminaceae | Talbot Balsam |
| Impatiens tangachee | | Balsaminaceae | Tangachi Balsam |
| Impatiens tenella | Impatiens debilis Turcz., Balsamina rosmarinifolia DC. | Balsaminaceae | Tender Balsam |
| Impatiens theuerkaufiana | | Balsaminaceae | White Tree Balsam |
| Impatiens thomsonii | | Balsaminaceae | Quill-Spur Balsam |
| Impatiens tomentosa | Impatiens ramosissima | Balsaminaceae | Marsh Balsam |
| Impatiens travancorica | | Balsaminaceae | Travancore Balsam |
| Impatiens trichocarpa | | Balsaminaceae | Hairy Fruit Balsam |
| Impatiens tricornis | Impatiens scabrida auct. non DC., Impatiens cristata auct. non Wall. | Balsaminaceae | Three-Horned Balsam |
| Impatiens tripetala | Impatiens multiflora Wall., Impatiens ternifolia | Balsaminaceae | Three-Petal Balsam |
| Impatiens umbellata | | Balsaminaceae | Umbelled Balsam |
| Impatiens uncinata | | Balsaminaceae | Hook-Tail Balsam |
| Impatiens uncipetala | Impatiens yui | Balsaminaceae | Hook-Petal Balsam |
| Impatiens verecunda | | Balsaminaceae | Blushing Balsam |
| Impatiens verticillata | | Balsaminaceae | Whorled-Leaf Balsam |
| Impatiens violacea | | Balsaminaceae | Violet Balsam |
| Impatiens violoides | | Balsaminaceae | Pansy Balsam |
| Impatiens viridiflora | | Balsaminaceae | Green-Flowered Balsam |
| Impatiens viscida | | Balsaminaceae | Large-Sepal Sticky Balsam |
| Impatiens viscosa | | Balsaminaceae | Sticky Balsam |
| Impatiens walleriana | Impatiens sultani | Balsaminaceae | Busy Lizzie |
| Impatiens wightiana | | Balsaminaceae | Anamalai Balsam |
| Imperata cylindrica | | Poaceae | Cogon Grass |
| Incarvillea diffusa | Amphicome arguta, Incarvillea arguta | Bignoniaceae | Himalayan Gloxinia |
| Incarvillea emodi | Amphicome emodi | Bignoniaceae | Himalayan Incarvillea |
| Indianthus virgatus | Maranta virgata | Marantaceae | White Indianthus |
| Indigofera arrecta | Indigofera kisantuensis, Indigofera scopa, Indigofera madagascariensis | Fabaceae | Bengal Indigo |
| Indigofera astragalina | Indigofera karaiyarensis | Fabaceae | Silky Indigo |
| Indigofera atropurpurea | Indigofera cavaleriei, Indigofera hamiltonii | Fabaceae | Deep-Purple Indigo |
| Indigofera cassioides | Indigofera pulchella, Indigofera leptostachya | Fabaceae | Cassia Indigo |
| Indigofera coerulea var. monosperma | Indigofera articulata var. monosperma | Fabaceae | Gujarat Indigo |
| Indigofera colutea | Indigofera viscosa, Indigofera multifoliata, Indigofera glutinosa | Fabaceae | Sticky Indigo |
| Indigofera cordifolia | | Fabaceae | Heart-Leaf Indigo |
| Indigofera dalzellii | Indigofera triquetra | Fabaceae | Shield Indigo |
| Indigofera exilis | | Fabaceae | Slender Indigo |
| Indigofera glandulosa var. glandulosa | Indigofera glandulosa Willd. | Fabaceae | Barbada Indigo |
| Indigofera hebepetala | Anil hebepetala | Fabaceae | Fuzzy Petal Indigo |
| Indigofera hendecaphylla | Indigofera endecaphylla, Indigofera kleinii, Indigofera bolusii | Fabaceae | Creeping Indigo |
| Indigofera heterantha | | Fabaceae | Himalayan Indigo |
| Indigofera hirsuta | Indigofera hirta, Indigofera ferruginea, Indigofera fusca | Fabaceae | Hairy Indigo |
| Indigofera hochstetteri | Indigofera ornithipodioides, Indigofera anabaptista | Fabaceae | Sind Indigo |
| Indigofera karnatakana | Indigofera tenuifolia sensu Wight & Arn. | Fabaceae | Karnataka Indigo |
| Indigofera linifolia | Hedysarum linifolium, Indigofera linifolia var. campbelli | Fabaceae | Narrowleaf Indigo |
| Indigofera mysorensis | Anil mysorensis, Indigofera polyphylla | Fabaceae | Mysore Indigo |
| Indigofera nummulariifolia | Hedysarum nummulariifolium, Indigofera echinata, Indigofera nummularifolia | Fabaceae | Coinwort Indigo |
| Indigofera prostrata | Indigofera trifoliata var. nepalensis, Indigofera trifoliata var. prostrata | Fabaceae | Prostrate Indigo |
| Indigofera sessiliflora | Indigofera tribuloides | Fabaceae | Stalkless Indigo |
| Indigofera stachyodes | Indigofera bodinieri, Indigofera tomentosa | Fabaceae | Spike-Flower Indigo |
| Indigofera tinctoria | Indigofera indica Lam., Indigofera sumatrana | Fabaceae | True Indigo |
| Indigofera trifoliata | Indigofera moluccana, Indigofera barberi, Indigofera vestita | Fabaceae | Three-Leaf Indigo |
| Indigofera trita | Indigofera cinerea, Indigofera timoriensis, Indigofera rigida | Fabaceae | Asian Indigo |
| Indigofera trita var. marginulata | Indigofera marginulata | Fabaceae | Short-Margined Indigo |
| Indigofera tsiangiana | Indigofera enneaphylla, Indigofera linnaei, Hedysarum prostratum | Fabaceae | Nine-Leaved Indigo |
| Indigofera uniflora | Indigofera aspalathoides sensu Dalzell & A.Gibson | Fabaceae | One-Flowered Indigo |
| Indigofera wightii | Indigofera pallida, Indigofera inamoena | Fabaceae | Pale Indigo |
| Indigofera zollingeriana | Indigofera benthamiana, Indigofera teysmannii, Indigofera kotoensis | Fabaceae | Long-Spike Indigo |
| Indopiptadenia oudhensis | Adenanthera oudhensis, Piptadenia oudhensis | Mimosaceae | Gainti |
| Indopoa paupercula | Tripogon pauperculus | Poaceae | Poor Indian Grass |
| Indotristicha ramosissima | | Podostemaceae | Threadlike Riverweed |
| Indurgia raogibikei | Drimia raogibikei, Urginea raogibikei | Asparagaceae | Rao Squill |
| Intsia bijuga | Intsia cambodiensis, Intsia retusa, Intsia madagascariensis | Fabaceae | Borneo Teak |
| Inula barbata | | Asteraceae | Showy Inula |
| Inula obtusifolia | Inula obtusifolia var. obtusifolia , Inula thomsonii | Asteraceae | Blunt-Leaf Inula |
| Inula racemosa | Inula royleana, Inula helenium, Helenium racemosum | Asteraceae | Indian Elecampane |
| Inula royleana | | Asteraceae | Kashmir Inula |
| Iochroma arborescens | Acnistus arborescens, Lycium arborescens | Solanaceae | Gallinero |
| Iochroma cyaneum | Habrothamnus cyaneus, Iochroma tubulosum, Meyenia cyanea | Solanaceae | Violet Churcu |
| Iochroma gesnerioides | Iochroma coccineum | Solanaceae | Red Iochroma |
| Iphigenia indica | Melanthium indicum, Anguillaria indica | Colchicaceae | Indian Grass Lily |
| Iphigenia magnifica | | Colchicaceae | Magnificent Grass Lily |
| Iphigenia pallida | | Colchicaceae | Pale Grass Lily |
| Iphigenia stellata | | Colchicaceae | Star Grass Lily |
| Iphiona grantioides | Inula cutchica, Inula grantioides, Helenium grantiodes | Asteraceae | Cutch Inula |
| Ipomoea acanthocarpa | Ipomoea piurensis, Ipomoea dubia | Convolvulaceae | Sharp-Spindle Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea alba | Ipomoea grandiflora Roxb., Ipomoea longiflora, Ipomoea noctiflora | Convolvulaceae | Moon Vine |
| Ipomoea aquatica | | Convolvulaceae | Water Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea arachnosperma | Ipomoea pilosa | Convolvulaceae | Hairy Little Bell |
| Ipomoea arborescens | Convolvulus arborescens, Ipomoea arborescens var. arborescens | Convolvulaceae | Morning Glory Tree |
| Ipomoea asarifolia | Convolvulus asarifolius, Ipomoea urbica | Convolvulaceae | Ginger-Leaf Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea barlerioides | | Convolvulaceae | Pink Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea batatas | Convolvulus batatas, Batatas edulis, Ipomoea edulis | Convolvulaceae | Sweet Potato |
| Ipomoea biflora | Convolvulus calycinus, Ipomoea sinensis, Ipomoea calycina | Convolvulaceae | Chinese Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea cairica | | Convolvulaceae | Railway Creeper |
| Ipomoea campanulata | Ipomoea soluta, Convolvulus campanulatus, Argyreia campanulata | Convolvulaceae | Bellflower Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea carnea | | Convolvulaceae | Bush Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea cheirophylla | Ipomoea digitata | Convolvulaceae | Palm-Leaf Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea coptica | Convolvulus copticus | Convolvulaceae | Egyptian Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea corymbosa | Ipomoea burmanni, Convolvulus corymbosus, Rivea corymbosa | Convolvulaceae | Christmas Vine |
| Ipomoea deccana | Ipomoea bracteata Wight, Ipomoea deccana var. lobata | Convolvulaceae | Deccan Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea diversifolia | Ipomoea laciniata, Convolvulus diversifolius | Convolvulaceae | Cut-Leaved Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea eriocarpa | Ipomoea hispida, Convolvulus hispidus | Convolvulaceae | Tiny Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea hederifolia | Ipomoea coccinea var. hederifolia | Convolvulaceae | Scarlet Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea horsfalliae | | Convolvulaceae | Cardinal Creeper |
| Ipomoea imperati | Ipomoea littoralis, Convolvulus radicans | Convolvulaceae | Beach Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea imperialis 'Sunrise Serenade' | | Convolvulaceae | Sunrise Serenade Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea indica | Ipomoea learii, Ipomoea congesta, Convolvulus indicus | Convolvulaceae | Blue Dawn Flower |
| Ipomoea mauritiana | Batatas paniculata, Convolvulus paniculatus | Convolvulaceae | Giant Potato |
| Ipomoea muricata | Convolvulus muricatus, Ipomoea turbinata, Ipomoea shirensis | Convolvulaceae | Purple Moonflower |
| Ipomoea nil | Convolvulus nil | Convolvulaceae | Blue Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea obscura | Convolvulus obscurus, Ipomoea fragilis | Convolvulaceae | Obscure Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea parasitica | Convolvulus parasiticus, Ipomoea perlonga, Convolvulus circinnatus | Convolvulaceae | Yellow-Throated Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea pes-caprae | | Convolvulaceae | Goat Foot Vine |
| Ipomoea pes-tigridis | | Convolvulaceae | Tiger Foot Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea pileata | Convolvulus pileatus, Convolvulus guinensis | Convolvulaceae | Boat Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea purpurea 'Milky Way' | | Convolvulaceae | Milky Way Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea purpurea | | Convolvulaceae | Common Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea quamoclit | | Convolvulaceae | Cypress Vine |
| Ipomoea rubriflora | Ipomoea coccinea L., Convolvulus coccineus, Quamoclit coccinea | Convolvulaceae | Redstar |
| Ipomoea rumicifolia | Convolvulus hirtus, Ipomoea gnaphalosperma | Convolvulaceae | Dock-Leaf Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea sagittifolia | Ipomoea sepiaria, Ipomoea maxima, Ipomoea marginata | Convolvulaceae | Purple Heart Glory |
| Ipomoea sindica | | Convolvulaceae | Sind Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea staphylina | Ipomoea dichroa | Convolvulaceae | Clustered Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea triloba | Ipomoea laxiflora, Ipomoea parviflora, Ipomoea hirta | Convolvulaceae | Little Bell Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea violacea | Convolvulus tuba, Ipomoea macrantha, Ipomoea tuba | Convolvulaceae | Beach Moonflower |
| Ipsea malabarica | Pachystoma malabaricum | Orchidaceae | Malabar Daffodil Orchid |
| Iresine herbstii | | Amaranthaceae | Bloodleaf |
| Iris clarkei | Iris himalaica, Limniris clarkei | Iridaceae | Himalayan Iris |
| Iris collettii | Iris nepalensis var. letha, Iris duclouxii | Iridaceae | Blue Star Iris |
| Iris crocea | Iris spuria subsp. aurea | Iridaceae | Golden Iris |
| Iris decora | Iris nepalensis D.Don , Iris yunnanensis | Iridaceae | Decorated Iris |
| Iris domestica | Belamcanda chinensis | Iridaceae | Leopard Flower |
| Iris hookeriana | | Iridaceae | Dwarf Himalayan Iris |
| Iris japonica | Iris fimbriata, Iris chinensis | Iridaceae | Fringed Iris |
| Iris kashmiriana | Iris bartonii | Iridaceae | Kashmir Iris |
| Iris kemaonensis | | Iridaceae | Kumaon Iris |
| Iris lactea | Eremiris lactea | Iridaceae | Milky Iris |
| Iris laevigata | Iris versicolor Thunb., Iris albopurpurea, Iris gmelinii | Iridaceae | Water Iris |
| Iris macrosiphon | | Iridaceae | Ground Iris |
| Iris milesii | | Iridaceae | Red Flower Iris |
| Iris pseudacorus | | Iridaceae | Yellow Iris |
| Iris sanguinea | Iris sibirica var. sanguinea | Iridaceae | Blood Iris |
| Iris spuria | Chamaeiris spuria, Iris sordida | Iridaceae | Blue Iris |
| Iris tectorum | Iris tectorum var. alba, Iris tomiolopha, Iris rosthornii | Iridaceae | Roof Iris |
| Iris variegata | Iris flavescens, Iris lepida, Iris reginae | Iridaceae | Hungarian Iris |
| Iris wattii | Evansia wattii | Iridaceae | Ukhrul Bamboo Iris |
| Iris x germanica | Iris × violacea, Iris × vulgaris, Iris × nepalensis, Iris × spectabilis | Iridaceae | German Iris |
| Iris x hollandica | | Iridaceae | Blue Dutch Iris |
| Iris x hollandica | | Iridaceae | Yellow Dutch Iris |
| Isachne globosa | Isachne javana, Panicum lepidotum, Isachne australis | Poaceae | Swamp Millet |
| Isachne gracilis | | Poaceae | Slender Millet |
| Isachne kunthiana | Isachne elatior, Isachne repens | Poaceae | Deccan Millet |
| Ischaemum barbatum | Ischaemum imbricatum, Ischaemum sinense, Ischaemum gibbum | Poaceae | Bearded Muraina Grass |
| Ischaemum ciliare | Ischaemum indicum var. wallichii, Ischaemum tenellum | Poaceae | Indian Muraina Grass |
| Ischaemum dalzellii | | Poaceae | Western Ghats Muraina Grass |
| Ischaemum impressum | | Poaceae | Konkan Muraina Grass |
| Ischaemum kingii | Ischaemum borii, Ischaemum raizadae, Ischaemum kingii var. raizadae | Poaceae | West-Indian Muraina Grass |
| Ischaemum molle | | Poaceae | Soft Muraina Grass |
| Ischaemum polystachyum | Ischaemum chordatum, Andropogon chordatus, Ischaemum nilagiricum | Poaceae | Paddle Grass |
| Ischaemum rugosum | Andropogon rugosus, Ischaemum colladoa, Meoschium rugosum | Poaceae | Saramolla Grass |
| Ischaemum semisagittatum | Andropogon cordatifolius, Andropogon semisagittatus, Meoschium semisagittatum | Poaceae | Arrowleaf Muraina Grass |
| Iseilema anthephoroides | | Poaceae | Erect Musal Grass |
| Isodon coetsa | Isodon javanicus, Isodon polystachys, Plectranthus coetsa | Lamiaceae | Java Isodon |
| Isodon lophanthoides | Rabdosia lophanthoides, Plectranthus striatus, Hyssopus lophanthoides | Lamiaceae | Crested Flower Isodon |
| Isodon nilgherricus | Plectranthus nilgherricus, Rabdosia nilgherrica, Plectranthus bullatus | Lamiaceae | Nilgiri Isodon |
| Isodon rubescens | Rabdosia rubescens, Plectranthus rubescens, Isodon ricinispermus | Lamiaceae | Blushred Isodon |
| Isodon rugosus | Plectranthus rugosus, Isodon plecranthoides, Rabdosia rugosa | Lamiaceae | Wrinkled Leaf Isodon |
| Isodon ternifolius | Plectranthus ternifolius, Elsholtzia lychnitis, Rabdosia ternifolia | Lamiaceae | Three-Leaf Isodon |
| Isopyrum anemonoides | Paraquilegia afghanica, Paropyrum anemonoides, Thalictrella anemonoides | Ranunculaceae | Anemone Isopyrum |
| Itea nutans | | Iteaceae | Himalayan Sweetspire |
| Ixeris polycephala | Lactuca polycephala, Chondrilla longifolia, Lactuca matsumura | Asteraceae | Many-Flowered Ixeris |
| Ixora brachiata | Ixora arnottiana, Ixora obtusata | Rubiaceae | Western Ghats Ixora |
| Ixora coccinea | | Rubiaceae | Red Ixora |
| Ixora coccinea var. coccinea | Ixora lutea | Rubiaceae | Yellow Ixora |
| Ixora elongata | Ixora pedunculata | Rubiaceae | Rosy Ixora |
| Ixora finlaysoniana | Ixora denticulata, Ixora findlayana | Rubiaceae | Fragrant Ixora |
| Ixora javanica | Ixora amara, Ixora mutabilis, Ixora amoena | Rubiaceae | Java Ixora |
| Ixora longifolia | Ixora fulgens, Pavetta fulgens, Ixora amboinica | Rubiaceae | Long-Leaf Ixora |
| Ixora malabarica | Chiococca malabarica | Rubiaceae | Malabar Ixora |
| Ixora nigricans | Ixora affinis, Ixora arguta, Pavetta erubescens, Ixora plumea | Rubiaceae | Black Ixora |
| Ixora notoniana | Ixora grandiflora | Rubiaceae | Large-Flower Ixora |
| Ixora pavetta | Ixora decipiens, Ixora arborea | Rubiaceae | Torchwood Tree |
| Ixora polyantha | | Rubiaceae | Many-Flowered Ixora |
| Ixora roxburghii | Ixora balakrishnii, Ixora villosa | Rubiaceae | East-Himalayan Ixora |
| Ixora undulata | Ixora conjia, Ixora undulata var. maculata | Rubiaceae | Wavy-Leaf Ixora |
| Jacaranda mimosifolia | | Bignoniaceae | Blue Jacaranda |
| Jacaranda obtusifolia ssp. rhombifolia | Jacaranda filicifolia, Bignonia filicifolia, Jacaranda rhombifolia | Bignoniaceae | Fern Leaf Jacaranda |
| Jacobaea analoga | Senecio chrysanthemoides, Senecio laetus, Senecio scapiformis | Asteraceae | Himalayan Golden Daisy |
| Jacobaea maritima | Othonna maritima, Senecio cineraria, Senecio bicolor | Asteraceae | Dusty Miller |
| Jacobaea nudicaulis | Senecio nudicaulis, Senecio esquirolii, Senecio denudatus | Asteraceae | Bare-Stem Ragwort |
| Jacobaea raphanifolia | Senecio raphanifolius, Senecio diversifolius Wall. ex DC. [Illeg.] | Asteraceae | Radish-Leaved Senecio |
| Jacquemontia paniculata var. paniculata | Ipomoea paniculata, Convolvulus parviflorus, Convolvulus violaceus | Convolvulaceae | Mauve Clustervine |
| Jacquemontia pentanthos | Ipomoea canescens, Jacquemontia pentantha, Convolvulus pentanthus | Convolvulaceae | Skyblue Clustervine |
| Jacquinia arborea | Jacquinia barbasco, Jacquinia armillaris var. arborea | Primulaceae | Braceletwood |
| Jaeschkea canaliculata | Gentiana canaliculata, Jaeschkea latisepala | Gentianaceae | Broad-Sepal Gentian |
| Jamesbrittenia dissecta | Sutera dissecta, Capraria dissecta, Sutera glandulosa | Scrophulariaceae | Dissected-Leaf Sutera |
| Jansenella griffithiana | Arundinella avenacea, Arundinella griffithiana | Poaceae | Jansen Grass |
| Jasminum angustifolium | Nyctanthes angustifolia | Oleaceae | Wild Jasmine |
| Jasminum arborescens | Jasminum montanum, Jasminum roxburghianum, Jasminum latifolium | Oleaceae | Navamallika |
| Jasminum auriculatum | Jasminum ovalifolium, Jasminum mucronatum, Mogorium trifoliatum | Oleaceae | Juhi |
| Jasminum azoricum | Jasminum trifoliatum | Oleaceae | Azores Jasmine |
| Jasminum bignoniaceum | Jasminum revolutum var. peninsulare | Oleaceae | Trumpet Jasmine |
| Jasminum coarctatum | Jasminum coarctatum var. coarctatum, Jasminum rigidum, Jasminum reticulatum | Oleaceae | Crowded-Flower Jasmine |
| Jasminum cuspidatum | Jasminum rigidum, Jasminum tetraphis, Jasminum myrtophyllum | Oleaceae | Pointed-Leaf Jasmine |
| Jasminum dispermum | | Oleaceae | Pink Jasmine |
| Jasminum elongatum | Jasminum multiflorum f. acuminatissimum, Jasminum pendulum | Oleaceae | Red Star Jasmine |
| Jasminum flexile | Jasminum burmannianum, Jasminum azoricum var. travancorense | Oleaceae | Taruni |
| Jasminum fluminense | | Oleaceae | River Jasmine |
| Jasminum grandiflorum | Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum | Oleaceae | Royal Jasmine |
| Jasminum laurifolium var. laurifolium | Jasminum nitidum, Jasminum laurifolium f. nitidum | Oleaceae | Angelwing Jasmine |
| Jasminum malabaricum | | Oleaceae | Malabar Jasmine |
| Jasminum mesnyi | Jasminum primulinum | Oleaceae | Primrose Jasmine |
| Jasminum multiflorum | Jasminum pubescens, Jasminum gracillimum, Mogorium multiflorum | Oleaceae | Star Jasmine |
| Jasminum nervosum | Jasminum stenopetalum, Jasminum trineuron | Oleaceae | Wild Star Jasmine |
| Jasminum officinale | | Oleaceae | Common Jasmine |
| Jasminum polyanthum | Jasminum blinii, Jasminum delafieldii, Jasminum excellens | Oleaceae | Many-Flowered Jasmine |
| Jasminum ritchiei | Jasminum ritchiei var. purpureum | Oleaceae | Long-Bud Jasmine |
| Jasminum sambac var. 'Belle of India' | | Oleaceae | Madan Mogra |
| Jasminum sambac var. 'Grand Duke Of Tuscany' | | Oleaceae | Butt Mogra |
| Jasminum sambac var. 'Maid of Orleans' | | Oleaceae | Bela |
| Jatropha cathartica | Adenoropium berlandieri, Jatropha berlandieri | Euphorbiaceae | Berlandier's Nettlespurge |
| Jatropha curcas | | Euphorbiaceae | Physic Nut |
| Jatropha glandulifera | Adenoropium roxburghii Kostel. [Illegitimate] | Euphorbiaceae | Glandular Jatropha |
| Jatropha gossypiifolia | | Euphorbiaceae | Bellyache Bush |
| Jatropha heynei | Jatropha tuberosa | Euphorbiaceae | Deccan Jatropha |
| Jatropha integerrima | Jatropha coccinea, Jatropha pandurifolia, Jatropha hastata | Euphorbiaceae | Peregrina |
| Jatropha maheshwarii | | Euphorbiaceae | Tamilnadu Jatropha |
| Jatropha multifida | Jatropha janipha, Adenoropium multifidum, Manihot multifida | Euphorbiaceae | Coral Bush |
| Jatropha nana | | Euphorbiaceae | Dwarf Jatropha |
| Jatropha podagrica | | Euphorbiaceae | Australian Bottle Plant |
| Jatropha tanjorensis | | Euphorbiaceae | Tanjore Jatropha |
| Jatropha villosa | Jatropha peltata Wight [illeg.], Jatropha villosa ramnadensis, Jatropha wightiana | Euphorbiaceae | Hairy Jatropha |
| Jerdonia indica | | Gesneriaceae | Indian Jerdonia |
| Joannesia princeps | | Euphorbiaceae | Arara Nut Tree |
| Juanulloa parasitica | Juanulloa aurantiaca, Brugmansia floribunda | Solanaceae | Gold Finger Plant |
| Juglans regia | Juglans kamaonia, Juglans orientis, Juglans fallax | Juglandaceae | Walnut |
| Juncus bufonius | | Juncaceae | Toad Rush |
| Juncus concinnus | Juncus elegans, Juncus luteocarpus | Juncaceae | Elegant Rush |
| Juncus effusus | Juncus communis, Juncus laevis, Tristemon conglomeratus | Juncaceae | Soft Rush |
| Juncus himalensis | | Juncaceae | Himalayan Rush |
| Juncus inflexus subsp. inflexus | Juncus equisetosus, Juncus tenax, Juncus glaucus | Juncaceae | Hard Rush |
| Juncus leucomelas | Juncus bhutanensis | Juncaceae | Bhutan Rush |
| Juncus membranaceus | Juncus hoffmeisteri, Juncus concinnus var. turbidus | Juncaceae | Membranous Rush |
| Juncus thomsonii | | Juncaceae | Central-Asian Rush |
| Juncus uniflorus | | Juncaceae | One-Flowered Rush |
| Juniperus communis var. saxatilis | Juniperus sibirica, Juniperus montana, Juniperus alpina | Cupressaceae | Common Juniper |
| Juniperus excelsa subsp. polycarpos | Juniperus macropoda, Juniperus polycarpos | Cupressaceae | Pencil Cedar |
| Juniperus indica | Sabina indica | Cupressaceae | Black Juniper |
| Juniperus recurva | Juniperus religiosa, Juniperus nepalensis, Juniperus butanensis | Cupressaceae | Drooping Juniper |
| Juniperus squamata | Juniperus densa, Juniperus fargesii, Juniperus kansuensis | Cupressaceae | Himalayan Juniper |
| Jurinea albescens | Saussurea albescens, Aplotaxis albescens | Asteraceae | Pink Saw-Wort |
| Jurinea auriculata | Himalaiella auriculata, Saussurea auriculata, Saussurea hypoleuca | Asteraceae | Eared-Leaf Saw-Wort |
| Jurinea heteromalla | Himalaiella heteromalla, Saussurea candicans, Saussurea heteromalla | Asteraceae | Himalayan Thornless Thistle |
| Justicia adhatoda | Adhatoda vasica, Adhatoda zeylanica | Acanthaceae | Malabar Nut |
| Justicia aurea | | Acanthaceae | Yellow Jacobinia |
| Justicia beddomei | Adhatoda beddomei, Justicia gingiana, Ecbolium beddomei | Acanthaceae | Tamilnadu Vasa |
| Justicia betonica | Adhatoda betonica, Justicia pallidior, Justicia cheiranthifolia | Acanthaceae | Squirrel Tail |
| Justicia brandegeeana | | Acanthaceae | Shrimp Plant |
| Justicia carnea | | Acanthaceae | Pink Jacobinia |
| Justicia concinna | Rungia elegans | Acanthaceae | Elegant Rungia |
| Justicia croceochlamys | | Acanthaceae | Golden Plume |
| Justicia diffusa | Rostellularia diffusa, Justicia simplex Lindau, Justicia linarifolia | Acanthaceae | Spreading Justicia |
| Justicia gendarussa | Gendarussa vulgaris, Adhatoda subserrata, Justicia salicina | Acanthaceae | Willow-Leaf Justicia |
| Justicia glabra | Rhaphidospora glabra, Gendarussa abyssinica | Acanthaceae | Smooth Justicia |
| Justicia glauca | | Acanthaceae | Glaucous Justicia |
| Justicia neesii | Justicia micrantha, Rostellularia crinita, Rostellularia neesii | Acanthaceae | Small Flowered Justicia |
| Justicia nilgherrensis | Adhatoda nilgerrhensis, Ecbolium nilgerrhense, Justicia betonica var. nilgherrensis | Acanthaceae | Nilgiri Justicia |
| Justicia notha | Ecbolium nothum, Rostellularia simplex Wight | Acanthaceae | Spurious Justicia |
| Justicia prostrata | Justicia diffusa var. prostrata, Rostellularia prostrata | Acanthaceae | Prostrate Justicia |
| Justicia pubigera | Peristrophe pubigera, Justicia edgeworthii, Rhaphidospora ciliata | Acanthaceae | Foldwing Justicia |
| Justicia quinqueangularis | Rostellularia quinqueangularis | Acanthaceae | Five-Angled Justicia |
| Justicia santapaui | Justicia montana, Justicia andersonii | Acanthaceae | Mountain Justicia |
| Justicia simplex | Ecbolium simplex, Rostellularia magnifolia | Acanthaceae | Simple Justicia |
| Justicia spicigera | Jacobinia spicigera, Justicia ghiesbreghtiana, Justicia sidicaro | Acanthaceae | Mexican Honeysuckle |
| Justicia tranquebariensis | Adhatoda tranquebariensis, Justicia glauca Heyne ex Wall., Justicia parvifolia | Acanthaceae | Tarangambadi Justicia |
| Justicia trinervia | | Acanthaceae | Three Nerved Squirrel Tail |
| Justicia vasculosa | Ruellia rivinifolia, Adhatoda vasculosa, Ecbolium vasculosum | Acanthaceae | Veined Justicia |
| Justicia wynaadensis | Adhatoda wynaadensis, Ecbolium wynadense, Gendarussa wynaadensis | Acanthaceae | Wayanad Justicia |
| Kadsura longipedunculata | Kadsura discigera, Kadsura omeiensis, Kadsura peltigera | Schisandraceae | Long-Stalk Kadsura |
| Kaempferia elegans | Kaempferia crawfurdia, Kaempferia philippiana | Zingiberaceae | Elegant Peacock Ginger |
| Kaempferia galanga | | Zingiberaceae | Aromatic Ginger |
| Kaempferia parviflora | Kaempferia rubromarginata | Zingiberaceae | Black Ginger |
| Kaempferia rotunda | | Zingiberaceae | Bhumi Champa |
| Kalanchoe beharensis | Kalanchoe vantieghemii | Crassulaceae | Feltbush Kalanchoe |
| Kalanchoe bhidei | | Crassulaceae | Konkan Kalanchoe |
| Kalanchoe blossfeldiana | | Crassulaceae | Flaming Katy |
| Kalanchoe 'Calandiva' | | Crassulaceae | Calandiva Kalanchoe |
| Kalanchoe ceratophylla | Kalanchoe gracilis, Kalanchoe macrosepala | Crassulaceae | Christmas Tree Plant |
| Kalanchoe crenata | Kalanchoe verea, Kalanchoe brasilica, Kalanchoe coccinea | Crassulaceae | Scalloped Kalanchoe |
| Kalanchoe delagoensis | Bryophyllum delagoense, Kalanchoe tubiflora, Bryophyllum tubiflorum | Crassulaceae | Chandelier Plant |
| Kalanchoe eriophylla | Cotyledon pannosa | Crassulaceae | Snow White Panda Plant |
| Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi | Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi | Crassulaceae | Lavender Scallops |
| Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri | Bryophyllum gastonis-bonnieri, Kalanchoe adolphi-engleri | Crassulaceae | Palm Beachbells |
| Kalanchoe integra | Kalanchoe spathulata, Kalanchoe yunnanensis | Crassulaceae | Never-Die |
| Kalanchoe luciae | Kalanchoe albiflora, Kalanchoe aleuroides | Crassulaceae | Paddle Plant |
| Kalanchoe olivacea | | Crassulaceae | Indian Kalanchoe |
| Kalanchoe orgyalis | Kalanchoe antanosiana | Crassulaceae | Copper Spoons |
| Kalanchoe pinnata | Crassula pinnata, Bryophyllum calycinum, Bryophyllum pinnatum | Crassulaceae | Air Plant |
| Kallstroemia pubescens | Kallstroemia caribaea, Kallstroemia glabrata | Zygophyllaceae | Caribbean Caltrop |
| Kandelia candel | Kandelia rheedei, Rhizophora candel | Rhizophoraceae | Narrow-Leaved Kandelia |
| Kashmiria himalaica | Wulfenia himalaica | Plantaginaceae | Himalayan Kashmiria |
| Kayea assamica | Mesua assamica, Vatica imbricata | Calophyllaceae | Assam Ironwood |
| Kedrostis foetidissima | Melothria foetidissima, Trichosanthes foetidissima | Cucurbitaceae | Stinking Kedrostis |
| Kerria japonica 'Pleniflora' | | Rosaceae | Kerria double |
| Khaya senegalensis | Swietenia senegalensis | Meliaceae | African Mahogany |
| Kickxia elatine subsp. crinita | Linaria crinita, Antirrhinum elatinoides, Linaria bombycina | Plantaginaceae | Pointed Toadflax |
| Kigelia africana | Crescentia pinnata, Kigelia pinnata | Bignoniaceae | Sausage Tree |
| Klasea pallida | Serratula pallida, Tricholepis raghavendrae | Asteraceae | Himalayan Klasea |
| Kleinhovia hospita | | Sterculiaceae | Guest Tree |
| Kleinia fulgens | | Asteraceae | Scarlet Kleinia |
| Kleinia grandiflora | Notonia grandiflora, Senecio indicus | Asteraceae | Large-Flower Kleinia |
| Kleinia pendula | Senecio pendulus, Notonia pendula | Asteraceae | Inch Worm |
| Knema attenuata | Myristica attenuata | Myristicaceae | Wild Nutmeg |
| Knema erratica | Knema yunnanensis, Myristica erratica | Myristicaceae | Chinese Nutmeg |
| Kniphofia uvaria | Aloe uvaria, Aloe rigida, Tritoma uvaria | Asphodelaceae | Torch Lily |
| Knorringia sibirica subsp. thomsonii | Polygonum sibiricum var. thomsonii | Polygonaceae | Pamir Knotweed |
| Knoxia sumatrensis | Spermacoce sumatrensis, Knoxia corymbosa, Spermacoce corymbosa | Rubiaceae | Sumatra Knoxia |
| Kobresia schoenoides | Kobresia pamiroalaica, Kobresia glaucifolia, Kobresia lacustris | Cyperaceae | Rush Bog-Sedge |
| Koeleria macrantha | Aira macrantha | Poaceae | Prairie Junegrass |
| Koeleria spicata | Trisetaria spicata, Aira spicata, Trisetum spicatum | Poaceae | Spike Junegrass |
| Koelpinia linearis | Lapsana koelpinia, Rhagadiolus koelpinia | Asteraceae | Koelpinia |
| Koelreuteria bipinnata | Koelreuteria integrifolia | Sapindaceae | Chinese Flame-Tree |
| Koenigia alpina | Persicaria alpina, Aconogonon alpinum, Polygonum alpinum | Polygonaceae | Alpine Knotweed |
| Koenigia campanulata | Persicaria campanulata, Aconogonon campanulatum, Polygonum campanulatum | Polygonaceae | Bellflower Knotweed |
| Koenigia delicatula | Polygonum delicatulum | Polygonaceae | Delicate Himalayan Knotweed |
| Koenigia mollis | Polygonum molle, Aconogonum molle, Persicaria mollis | Polygonaceae | Sikkim Knotweed |
| Koenigia nepalensis | Polygonum filicaule, Persicaria minuta | Polygonaceae | Nepal Purslane |
| Koenigia nummulariifolia | Polygonum nummulariifolium | Polygonaceae | Roundleaf Knotweed |
| Koenigia polystachya | Polygonum polystachyum, Persicaria wallichii, Polygonum polystachyum, Persicaria polystachya | Polygonaceae | Himalayan Knotweed |
| Koenigia rumicifolia | Aconogonon rumicifolium, Aconogonum rumicifolium, Polygonum rumicifolium | Polygonaceae | Dock-Leaf Knotweed |
| Koenigia tortuosa | Polygonum tortuosum, Aconogonum tortuosum, Polygonum tataricum | Polygonaceae | Twisted Knotweed |
| Kohautia aspera | Oldenlandia aspera, Hedyotis aspera | Rubiaceae | Rough Diamond Flower |
| Kohautia coccinea | Hedyotis coccinea, Hedyotis abyssinica, Oldenlandia coccinea | Rubiaceae | Scarlet Snake-Needle Grass |
| Kohautia gracilis | Hedyotis gracilis, Oldenlandia gracilis | Rubiaceae | Graceful Snake-Tongue Grass |
| Kohleria hirsuta var. hirsula | Kohleria eriantha, Kohleria longiflora, Kohleria mollis | Gesneriaceae | Kohleria |
| Kopsia fruticosa | | Apocynaceae | Shrub Vinca |
| Korthalsella japonica | Viscum japonicum, Viscum opuntia, Viscum glomeratum | Santalaceae | Jointed Mistletoe |
| Krascheninnikovia ceratoides | Diotis ceratoides, Eurotia ceratoides, Eurotia prostrata | Chenopodiaceae | Himalayan Winterfat |
| Kuepferia infelix | Gentiana infelix, Varasia infelix, Gentiana minuta | Gentianaceae | Unlucky Gentian |
| Kunstleria keralensis | | Fabaceae | Kerala Kunstleria |
| Kydia calycina | | Malvaceae | Kydia |
| Lablab purpureus | Dolichos lablab, Dolichos purpureus | Fabaceae | Lablab Bean |
| Laburnum anagyroides | Laburnum vulgare, Cytisus laburnum | Fabaceae | Common Laburnum |
| Lactuca dissecta | Lactuca auriculata | Asteraceae | Split-Leaf Lettuce |
| Lactuca dolichophylla | Lactuca longifolia | Asteraceae | Long Leaved Lettuce |
| Lactuca sativa | | Asteraceae | Lettuce |
| Lactuca serriola | Lactuca scariola, Lactuca sylvestris | Asteraceae | Prickly Lettuce |
| Lactuca tatarica | Mulgedium tataricum, Lactuca pulchella, Lagedium tataricum | Asteraceae | Blue Lettuce |
| Laelia anceps | | Orchidaceae | Laelia Orchid |
| Lafoensia pacari | Lafoensia lucida, Lafoensia petiolata, Lafoensia sessilifolia | Lythraceae | Lafoensia Tree |
| Lagascea mollis | | Asteraceae | Silk Leaf |
| Lagenandra ovata | Arisarum ovatum, Arum ovatum, Caladium ovatum, Cryptocoryne ovata | Araceae | Malayan Sword |
| Lagenandra undulata | | Araceae | Wavy Malayan Sword |
| Lagenaria siceraria | | Cucurbitaceae | Bottle Gourd |
| Lagerstroemia duperreana | Lagerstroemia thorellii | Lythraceae | Andhra Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia floribunda | Lagerstroemia turbinata | Lythraceae | Tropical Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia hypoleuca | Murtughas hypoleuca | Lythraceae | Andaman Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia indica | Lagerstroemia indica var. alba, Lagerstroemia elegans, Lagerstroemia minor | Lythraceae | Common Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia microcarpa | Lagerstroemia lanceolata | Lythraceae | Ben Teak |
| Lagerstroemia parviflora | | Lythraceae | Small Flowered Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia speciosa | Lagerstroemia major, Lagerstroemia munchausia, Lagerstroemia reginae | Lythraceae | Queen Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia tomentosa | | Lythraceae | White Crape Myrtle |
| Laggera alata | Blumea alata, Conyza nutans, Vernonia alata | Asteraceae | Winged-Stem Laggera |
| Laggera crispata | Blumea crispata, Conyza crispata, Blumea pterodonta | Asteraceae | Curly Blumea |
| Lagotis cashmeriana | | Plantaginaceae | Kashmir Lagotis |
| Lagotis kunawurensis | Gymnandra kunawurensis | Plantaginaceae | Kinnaur Lagotis |
| Lagurus ovatus | Lagurus humilis, Lagurus longifolius, Lagurus nitens | Poaceae | Bunny Tail Grass |
| Lamium album | | Lamiaceae | White Dead Nettle |
| Lamium amplexicaule | Lamiella amplexicaulis, Lamiopsis amplexicaulis | Lamiaceae | Henbit Deadnettle |
| Lampranthus aureus | Mesembryanthemum aureum | Aizoaceae | Golden Ice Plant |
| Lampranthus productus | Mesembryanthemum productum | Aizoaceae | Purple Ice Plant |
| Lampranthus spectabilis | Mesembryanthemum spectabile, Mesembryanthemum macrosepalum | Aizoaceae | Trailing Ice Plant |
| Lancea tibetica | | Mazaceae | Depgul |
| Lannea coromandelica | Dialium coromandelicum, Lannea grandis, Odina wodier | Anacardiaceae | Indian Ash Tree |
| Lantana camara | | Verbenaceae | Lantana |
| Lantana indica | Lantana collina, Lantana latifolia | Verbenaceae | Indian Lantana |
| Lantana montevidensis | Lantana sellowiana, Lantana delicatissima, Lantana selloi | Verbenaceae | Trailing Lantana |
| Lantana veronicifolia | Lantana indica var. albiflora, Lantana wightiana | Verbenaceae | Indian White Lantana |
| Laportea aestuans | Urtica aestuans, | Urticaceae | West-Indian Woodnettle |
| Laportea bulbifera | Laportea elevata, Urtica evitata, Laportea sinensis | Urticaceae | Bulbous Nettle |
| Laportea interrupta | Fleurya interrupta, Urtica interrupta | Urticaceae | Hen's Nettle |
| Lapsana communis | Lapsana pubescens, Lapsana glandulosa | Asteraceae | Nipplewort |
| Larix griffithii | Pinus griffithiana, Larix kongboensis | Pinaceae | Sikkim Larch |
| Lasianthus acuminatus | Mephitidia acuminata, Nonatelia acuminata | Rubiaceae | Tapering-Leaf Wool-Flower |
| Lasianthus inodorus | Hamiltonia inodora, Mephitidia inodora | Rubiaceae | Scentless Wool-Flower |
| Lasianthus jackianus | Mephitidia jackiana, Nonatelia jackiana | Rubiaceae | Malabar Wool-Flower |
| Lasianthus lucidus | Mephitidia lucida, Nonatelia lucida | Rubiaceae | Blueberry Wool-Flower |
| Lasiurus scindicus | Saccharum hirsutum, Coelorachis hirsuta, Lasiurus hirsutus | Poaceae | Sewan Grass |
| Lathraea squamaria | Lathraea simplex, Squamaria orobanche, Lathraea tatrica | Orobanchaceae | Common Toothwort |
| Lathyrus aphaca | Orobus aphaca | Fabaceae | Yellow Pea |
| Lathyrus emodi | Lathyrus laevigatus subsp. emodi, Orobus emodi | Fabaceae | Smooth Himalayan Pea |
| Lathyrus odoratus | | Fabaceae | Sweet Pea |
| Lathyrus oleraceus | Pisum sativum, Pisum album, Pisum arvense | Fabaceae | Pea |
| Lathyrus sativus | | Fabaceae | Grass Pea |
| Lathyrus sphaericus | Lathyrus coccineus, Lathyrus viciodes, Orobus sphaericus | Fabaceae | Red Grass Pea |
| Launaea procumbens | | Asteraceae | Creeping Launaea |
| Launaea sarmentosa | Launaea pinnatifida | Asteraceae | Beach Launaea |
| Launaea secunda | Chondrilla secunda | Asteraceae | Himalayan Launaea |
| Laurembergia coccinea | Laurembergia indica, Laurembergia grandifolia | Haloragaceae | Scarlet Laurembergia |
| Lavandula angustifolia subsp. angustifolia | Lavandula vera, Lavandula officinalis, Lavandula spica | Lamiaceae | Common Lavender |
| Lavandula bipinnata | Lavandula burmanni, Bystropogon bipinnatus | Lamiaceae | Feather Leaved Lavender |
| Lavandula gibsonii | Lavandula lawii, Lavandula perrottetii | Lamiaceae | Cutleaf Lavender |
| Lavatera cachemiriana | | Malvaceae | Kashmir Mallow |
| Lawsonia inermis | | Lythraceae | Henna |
| Layia platyglossa | Layia ziegleri, Callichroa platyglossa | Asteraceae | Tidy Tips |
| Lecanthus obtusus | Procris obtusa, Elatostema ovatum, Lecanthus wightii, Lecanthus peduncularis var. garhwalensis | Urticaceae | Dwarf Dischead |
| Lecanthus peduncularis | Lecanthus wallichi, Lecanthus wightii, Procris peduncularis | Urticaceae | Stalked Dischead |
| Ledebouria revoluta | Scilla hyacinthina | Asparagaceae | South Indian Squill |
| Ledebouria socialis | Ledebouria violacea, Scilla paucifolia | Asparagaceae | Silver Squill |
| Leea asiatica | Leea aspera, Leea crispa, Phytolacca asiatica | Vitaceae | Asiatic Leea |
| Leea guineensis | Leea arborea, Leea aurantiaca | Vitaceae | Guinea Leea |
| Leea indica | | Vitaceae | Bandicoot Berry |
| Leea macrophylla | Leea integrifolia, Leea latifolia | Vitaceae | Large-Leaf Leea |
| Leea robusta | Leea aspera | Vitaceae | Robust Leea |
| Leea setuligera | Leea mastersii, Leea tenuifolia | Vitaceae | Bristly Leea |
| Leersia hexandra | Oryza hexandra, Leersia dubia, Leersia mexicana | Poaceae | Rice Grass |
| Lemna minor | Lenticula minor, Hydrophace minor, Lemna minima, Lemna vulgaris | Araceae | Lesser Duckweed |
| Leonotis nepetifolia | Phlomis nepetifolia | Lamiaceae | Lion's Ear |
| Leontopodium himalayanum | Leontopodium himalayanum var. himalayanum | Asteraceae | Himalayan Edelweiss |
| Leontopodium jacotianum | Leontopodium jacotianum var. gurhwalense, Leontopodium jacotianum var. jacotianum | Asteraceae | Edelweiss |
| Leontopodium leontopodinum | Leontopodium melanolepis, Leontopodium ochroleucum | Asteraceae | Yellowish Edelweiss |
| Leontopodium nanum | Leontopodium alpinum var. nivale, Leontopodium jamesonii | Asteraceae | Tiny Edelweiss |
| Leontopodium pusillum | Leontopodium evax, Leontopodium alpinum var. pusillum | Asteraceae | Small Edelweiss |
| Leonurus cardiaca | Lamium cardiaca, Leonurus glabra, Cardiaca stachys | Lamiaceae | Motherwort |
| Leonurus sibiricus | Leonurus multifidus | Lamiaceae | Honeyweed |
| Lepidagathis ananthapuramensis | | Acanthaceae | Anantapura Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis bandraensis | | Acanthaceae | Bandra Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis cristata | | Acanthaceae | Crested Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis cuspidata | Ruellia cuspidata | Acanthaceae | Pointed-Leaf Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis dalzelliana | | Acanthaceae | Maharashtra Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis decumbens | | Acanthaceae | Prostrate Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis fasciculata | Ruellia fasciculata | Acanthaceae | Fascicled-Flower Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis gandhii | | Acanthaceae | Yellowish Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis incurva | | Acanthaceae | Curved Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis keralensis | | Acanthaceae | Kerala Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis lutea | | Acanthaceae | Yellow Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis mahakassapae | | Acanthaceae | Mahakassapa Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis pungens | | Acanthaceae | Spiny-Leaf Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis purpuricaulis | | Acanthaceae | Purple Stem Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis rigida | | Acanthaceae | Rigid Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis sabui | | Acanthaceae | Spiked Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis scariosa | Lepidagathis terminalis | Acanthaceae | Dry Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis shrirangii | | Acanthaceae | Shrirang Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis spinosa | Acanthus mucronatus, Barleria spinosa Wall. | Acanthaceae | Spiny Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis trinervis | Barleria axillaris, Lepidagathis axillaris, Ruellia trinervis | Acanthaceae | Frilly Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis ushae | | Acanthaceae | Striped Lepidagathis |
| Lepidium capitatum | Lepidium incisum Edgew., Lepidium kunlunshanicum G.L. Zhou & Z.X. An | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Peppergrass |
| Lepidium densiflorum | Lepidium elongatum, Lepidium neglectum, Lepidium ramosum | Brassicaceae | Greenflower Pepperweed |
| Lepidium didymum | Coronopus didymus | Brassicaceae | Bitter Cress |
| Lepidium latifolium | Nasturtium latifolium, Crucifera latifolia, Cardaria latifolia | Brassicaceae | Broadleaf Pepperweed |
| Lepidium ruderale | | Brassicaceae | Narrow-Leaved Peppergrass |
| Lepidium sativum | | Brassicaceae | Garden Cress |
| Lepidium virginicum | | Brassicaceae | Virginia Pepperweed |
| Lepisanthes tetraphylla | Sapindus tetraphylla, Otophora spectabilis, Lepisanthes eriolepis | Sapindaceae | Kurpa |
| Leptadenia pyrotechnica | Leptadenia gracilis, Leptadenia spartium | Apocynaceae | Kheenp |
| Leptadenia reticulata | Cynanchum reticulatum | Apocynaceae | Cork Swallow-Wort |
| Leptoboea multiflora | Championia multiflora | Gesneriaceae | Many-Flowered Leptoboea |
| Leptochloa panicea | Poa panicea | Poaceae | Thread Sprangletop |
| Leptodermis griffithii | | Rubiaceae | Khasi Leptodermis |
| Leptodermis lanceolata | Hamiltonia fruticosa | Rubiaceae | Lanceleaf Leptodermis |
| Leptodermis stapfiana | | Rubiaceae | East-Himalayan Leptodermis |
| Leptodermis virgata | | Rubiaceae | Rod-Stem Leptodermis |
| Leptopetalum biflorum | Hedyotis biflora, Oldenlandia biflora, Hedyotis media | Rubiaceae | Two-Flower Slender-Petal |
| Leptopus cordifolius | Andrachne cordifolia, Arachne cordifolia, Phyllanthus cordifolius | Phyllanthaceae | Heart-Leaf Maiden-Bush |
| Leptorhabdos parviflora | Leptorhabdos micrantha | Orobanchaceae | Feather-Leaf Broom-Herb |
| Lepyrodiclis holosteoides | Arenaria holosteoides, Gouffeia holosteoides | Caryophyllaceae | False Jagged-Chickweed |
| Lepyrodiclis tenera | | Caryophyllaceae | Tender Alpine-Sandwort |
| Lespedeza juncea | | Fabaceae | Rush Bush-Clover |
| Lespedeza juncea var. sericea | Lespedeza sericea, Lespedeza cuneata, Aspalathus cuneata | Fabaceae | Silky Bush-Clover |
| Leucaena leucocephala | Leucaena glauca | Mimosaceae | Wild Tamarind |
| Leucanthemum vulgare | Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Pontia vulgaris | Asteraceae | Oxeye Daisy |
| Leucanthemum x superbum | Chrysanthemum x superbum | Asteraceae | Shasta Daisy |
| Leucas angularis | Leucas pubescens Thwaites, nom. illeg. | Lamiaceae | Angular Leucas |
| Leucas aspera | | Lamiaceae | Common Leucas |
| Leucas biflora | Leucas procumbens, Phlomis biflora, Blandinia biflora | Lamiaceae | Two-Flowered Leucas |
| Leucas cephalotes | Leucas capitata, | Lamiaceae | Head Leucas |
| Leucas ciliata var. ciliata | Leucas ciliata var. hirsuta Benth. | Lamiaceae | Tufted Leucas |
| Leucas ciliata var. oblongifolia | Leucas vestita var. oblongifolia | Lamiaceae | Hairy Tufted Leucas |
| Leucas decemdentata | Leucas flaccida, Leucas javanica, Leucas mollissima | Lamiaceae | Flaccid Leucas |
| Leucas deodikarii | | Lamiaceae | Maharashtra Leucas |
| Leucas diffusa | | Lamiaceae | Spreading Leucas |
| Leucas hirta | Leucas helianthemifolia, Phlomis hirta | Lamiaceae | Hairy Leucas |
| Leucas lamiifolia | | Lamiaceae | Mint Leaved Leucas |
| Leucas lanata | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Leucas |
| Leucas lavandulifolia | Leucas linifolia, Leucas malabarica | Lamiaceae | Lavender-Leaf Leucas |
| Leucas longifolia | | Lamiaceae | Long-Leaf Leucas |
| Leucas marrubioides | | Lamiaceae | Horehound Leucas |
| Leucas martinicensis | Clinopodium martinicense, Phlomis martinicensis, Stachys fluminensis | Lamiaceae | Whitewort |
| Leucas montana | Leucas hamiltoniana, Phlomis montana | Lamiaceae | Mountain Lucas |
| Leucas nutans | Leucas decurva, Phlomis nutans | Lamiaceae | Drooping Leucas |
| Leucas sahyadriensis | Leucas chinensis sensu Bentham | Lamiaceae | Sahyadri Leucas |
| Leucas sebaldiana | | Lamiaceae | Kerala Leucas |
| Leucas stelligera | | Lamiaceae | Starry Leucas |
| Leucas stricta | Phlomis stricta | Lamiaceae | Erect Leucas |
| Leucas suffruticosa | | Lamiaceae | Shrubby Leucas |
| Leucas zeylanica | Leucas indica, Leucas malayana, Phlomis indica | Lamiaceae | Ceylon Leucas |
| Leucoblepharis subsessilis | Blepharispermum subsessile | Asteraceae | Stalkless Eyelashpod |
| Leucomeris spectabilis | Eupatorium spectabile, Gochnatia spectabilis | Asteraceae | Showy Whiteweed |
| Leucophyllum frutescens | | Scrophulariaceae | Purple Sage |
| Leucosceptrum canum | Clerodendrum leucosceptrum, Comanthosphace nepalensis | Lamiaceae | Hairy White-Wand |
| Lewisia cotyledon | Calandrinia cotyledon, Oreobroma cotyledon | Montiaceae | Siskiyou Lewisia |
| Leycesteria formosa | | Caprifoliaceae | Pheasant Berry |
| Leycesteria gracilis | Lonicera gracilis | Caprifoliaceae | Slender Honeysuckle |
| Liatris spicata | Kuhnia spicata, Liatris sessiliflora, Suprago spicata | Asteraceae | Gayfeather |
| Licuala spinosa | | Arecaceae | Mangrove Fan Palm |
| Ligularia amplexicaulis | | Asteraceae | Stem Clasping Ligularia |
| Ligularia fischeri | Cineraria fischeri, Cineraria speciosa | Asteraceae | East-Asian Ligularia |
| Ligularia jacquemontiana | Senecio jacquemontianus, Senecillis jacquemontiana | Asteraceae | West-Himalayan Ligularia |
| Ligusticopsis wallichiana | Selinum wallichianum Raizada & Saxena | Apiaceae | Milk Parsley |
| Ligustrum confusum | Ligustrum kumaonense | Oleaceae | Indian Privet |
| Ligustrum ovalifolium | | Oleaceae | Oval-Leaved Privet |
| Ligustrum robustum subsp. perrottetii | Ligustrum neilgherrense, Ligustrum perrottetii, Ligustrum candolleanum | Oleaceae | Nilgiri Privet |
| Ligustrum robustum subsp. robustum | Ligustrum pubescens, Ligustrum punctatum, Ligustrum robustum var. khasianum | Oleaceae | Eastern Wild Privet |
| Ligustrum sinense | | Oleaceae | Chinese Privet |
| Lilium mackliniae | | Liliaceae | Dzukou Lily |
| Lilium mackliniae | | Liliaceae | Shirui Lily |
| Lilium nanum | Nomocharis nana, Fritillaria gardneriana, Fritillaria stracheyi | Liliaceae | Tiny Lily |
| Lilium nepalense | Lilium ochroleucum | Liliaceae | Nepal Lily |
| Lilium oxypetalum | Nomocharis oxypetala, Fritillaria oxypetala, Lilium triceps | Liliaceae | Yellow Himalayan Lily |
| Lilium polyphyllum | | Liliaceae | White Himalayan Lily |
| Lilium regale | | Liliaceae | Royal Lily |
| Lilium wallichianum var. neilgherrense | Lilium longiflorum var. neilgherrense, Lilium neilgherrense Wight | Liliaceae | Nilgiri Long-Flowered Lily |
| Lilium x asiatica | | Liliaceae | Asiatic Lily |
| Limnocharis flava | Alisma flavum, Limnocharis flava var. indica | Alismataceae | Yellow Sawah Lettuce |
| Limnophila aquatica | Cyrilla aquatica, Limnophila racemosa, Diceros aquaticus | Plantaginaceae | Water Marshweed |
| Limnophila aromatica | Limnophila gratissima, Limnophila chinensis subsp. aromatica | Plantaginaceae | Rice Paddy Herb |
| Limnophila chinensis | Limnophila hirsuta, Limnophila chevalieri | Plantaginaceae | Finger Grass |
| Limnophila indica | Hottonia indica, Limnophila gratioloides | Plantaginaceae | Indian Marshweed |
| Limnophila repens | Stemodia repens | Plantaginaceae | Creeping Marshweed |
| Limnophila rugosa | Herpestis rugosa, Gratiola rugosa | Plantaginaceae | Wrinkled Marshweed |
| Limnophila sessiliflora | Hottonia sessiliflora, Limnophila taoyuanensis | Plantaginaceae | Asian Marshweed |
| Limnophyton obtusifolium | Sagittaria obtusifolia, Alisma obtusifolium, Alisma sagittifolium | Alismataceae | Blunt Arrowhead |
| Limonia acidissima | Feronia elephantum, Feronia limonia, Schinus limonia | Rutaceae | Wood Apple |
| Limonium sinuatum | Statice sinuata, Linczevskia sinuata | Plumbaginaceae | Sea Lavender |
| Limonium stocksii | Statice stocksii | Plumbaginaceae | Desert Sea Lavender |
| Linaria dalmatica | Antirrhinum dalmaticum, Linaria genistifolia subsp. dalmatica | Plantaginaceae | Dalmatian Toadflax |
| Linaria maroccana | | Plantaginaceae | Toadflax |
| Lindelofia anchusoides | Cynoglossum emodi, Lindelofia cynoglossoides, Cynoglossum macranthum | Boraginaceae | Anchusa Lungwort |
| Lindelofia longiflora | Cynoglossum longiflorum, Anchusopsis longiflora, Lindelofia spectabilis | Boraginaceae | Himalayan Lungwort |
| Lindelofia stylosa | | Boraginaceae | Protruding Style Lindelofia |
| Lindenbergia grandiflora | Stemodia grandiflora | Orobanchaceae | Large-Flower Lindenbergia |
| Lindenbergia hookeri | Lindenbergia bhutanica | Orobanchaceae | Bhutan Lindenbergia |
| Lindenbergia indica | Lindenbergia sinaica, Lindenbergia polyantha | Orobanchaceae | Indian Lindenbergia |
| Lindenbergia macrostachya | Stemodia macrostachya, Adenosma cuspidata | Orobanchaceae | West-Himalayan Lindenbergia |
| Lindenbergia muraria | Stemodia muraria, Lindenbergia urticifolia, Lindenbergia pusilla | Orobanchaceae | Wall Lindenbergia |
| Lindera pulcherrima | Benzoin pulcherrimum, Daphnidium pulcherrimum | Lauraceae | Himalayan Spicebush |
| Lindernia dubia | Lindernia macrantha, Lindernia pyxidaria, Lindernia anagallidea | Linderniaceae | Yellowseed Lindernia |
| Lindernia hyssopioides | Bonnaya hyssopoides, Ilysanthes hyssopioides | Linderniaceae | Hyssop Lindernia |
| Lindernia rotundifolia | Bonnaya rotundifolia, Ilysanthes rotundifolia, Morgania rotundifolia | Linderniaceae | Roundleaf Lindernia |
| Lindernia tamilnadensis | | Linderniaceae | Tamilnadu Lindernia |
| Linum bienne | Linum angustifolium, Linum arvense, Linum perenne | Linaceae | Pale Flax |
| Linum grandiflorum | Adenolinum grandiflorum | Linaceae | Scarlet Flax |
| Linum mysorense | Linum mysurense, Linum humile, Linum trinervium | Linaceae | Mysore Flax |
| Linum perenne | Linum elatum, Linum sibiricum, Linum decurrens, Linum alpestre | Linaceae | Perennial Flax |
| Linum usitatissimum | | Linaceae | Flax |
| Liparis acuminata | Leptorkis acuminata | Orchidaceae | Tapering-Leaf Liparis |
| Liparis atropurpurea | Platystylis atropurpurea, Leptorkis lindleyana | Orchidaceae | Dark Purple Liparis |
| Liparis barbata | Liparis fimbriata, Liparis maboroensis, Leptorchis barbata | Orchidaceae | Bearded Liparis |
| Liparis biloba | Leptorchis biloba, Leptorkis biloba | Orchidaceae | Two-Lobed Liparis |
| Liparis bootanensis | Leptorkis bootanensis, Stichorkis bootanensis | Orchidaceae | Bhutan Liparis |
| Liparis caespitosa | | Orchidaceae | Clumping Liparis |
| Liparis cathcartii | Leptorkis cathcartii | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Deep-Purple Liparis |
| Liparis cordifolia | Leptorkis cordifolia, Leptorkis commutata, Liparis keitaoensis | Orchidaceae | Heart-Leaf Liparis |
| Liparis deflexa | Leptorchis deflexa, Liparis prazeri | Orchidaceae | Bent Liparis |
| Liparis delicatula | Leptorkis delicatula, Platystyliparis delicatula | Orchidaceae | Delicate Liparis |
| Liparis distans | Leptorkis distans, Stichorkis distans, Liparis macrantha | Orchidaceae | Sparse-Flower Liparis |
| Liparis elliptica | Cestichis lyonii, Liparis hookerae | Orchidaceae | Elliptic Liparis |
| Liparis lacerata | Leptorchis lacerata, Stichorkis lacerata | Orchidaceae | Lacerated Liparis |
| Liparis luteola | Leptorkis luteola, Stichorkis luteola | Orchidaceae | Yellow Liparis |
| Liparis mannii | Liparis tenuifolia, Stichorkis mannii, Leptorkis mannii | Orchidaceae | Slender-Leaf Liparis |
| Liparis nervosa | Liparis elata, Malaxis nervosa, Leptorkis elata | Orchidaceae | Veined Liparis |
| Liparis nervosa var. khasiana | Liparis khasiana, Liparis breviscapa, Liparis bituberculata var. khasiana | Orchidaceae | Khasi Liparis |
| Liparis nigra | Diteilis nigra | Orchidaceae | Black Liparis |
| Liparis odorata | Liparis paradoxa, Malaxis odorata, Liparis parishii | Orchidaceae | Fragrant Liparis |
| Liparis perpusilla | Leptorkis perpusilla, Platystyliparis perpusilla, Liparis togashii | Orchidaceae | Tiny Liparis |
| Liparis plantaginea | Leptorkis plantaginea | Orchidaceae | Plantain Liparis |
| Liparis resupinata | Leptorkis resupinata, Platystyliparis resupinata, Liparis ridleyi | Orchidaceae | Inverted Liparis |
| Liparis rostrata | | Orchidaceae | Beaked Widelip Orchid |
| Liparis viridiflora | Stichorkis viridiflora, Liparis longipes, Liparis triloba | Orchidaceae | Green-Flowered Liparis |
| Liparis wightiana | Leptorchis wightiana, Liparis trimenii, Diteilis wightiana | Orchidaceae | Deep-Purple Liparis |
| Lipoblepharis urticifolia subsp. urticifolia | Wedelia urticifolia, Wollastonia urticifolia, Verbesina urticifolia | Asteraceae | Nettle Leaved Wedelia |
| Lippia alba | Lantana alba, Lantana cuneatifolia, Lippia obovata | Verbenaceae | Bushy Lippia |
| Liriodendron tulipifera | | Magnoliaceae | Tulip Tree |
| Liriope muscari | | Asparagaceae | Lily Turf |
| Litchi chinensis | | Sapindaceae | Leechee |
| Lithocarpus elegans | Quercus elegans, Quercus grandifolia, Quercus spicata | Fagaceae | Elegant Himalayan Oak |
| Lithocarpus pachyphyllus | Quercus pachyphylla, Pasania pachyphylla, Synaedrys pachyphylla | Fagaceae | Thick Leaved Oak |
| Lithops bromfieldii | Lithops bromfieldii f. sulphurea, Lithops insularis | Aizoaceae | Stone Plant |
| Litsea bourdillonii | | Lauraceae | Malabar Litsea |
| Litsea coriacea | | Lauraceae | Leather-Leaf Litsea |
| Litsea cubeba | Litsea piperita, Laurus cubeba, Tetranthera cubeba | Lauraceae | Mountain Pepper |
| Litsea floribunda | Cylicodaphne floribunda | Lauraceae | Free-Flowering Litsea |
| Litsea ghatica | | Lauraceae | Ghat Litsea |
| Litsea glutinosa | Litsea laurifolia, Sebifera glutinosa, Tetranthera laurifolia | Lauraceae | Soft Bollygum |
| Litsea laevigata | | Lauraceae | Smooth Litsea |
| Litsea lancifolia | Litsea hansenii | Lauraceae | Lanceleaf Litsea |
| Litsea monopetala | Litsea polyantha, Tetranthera monopetala, Tetranthera alnoides | Lauraceae | Many-Flowered Litsea |
| Litsea quinqueflora | Actinodaphne quinqueflora, Litsea deccanensis, Litsea tomentosa | Lauraceae | Deccan Litsea |
| Litsea stocksii | Cryptocarya neilgherrensis, Cylicodaphne oblonga var. stocksii | Lauraceae | Nilgiri Litsea |
| Litsea wightiana | | Lauraceae | Western Ghats Litsea |
| Livistona chinensis | | Arecaceae | Chinese Fan Palm |
| Lobelia alsinoides | Lobelia trigona | Campanulaceae | Chickweed Lobelia |
| Lobelia arunachalensis | | Campanulaceae | Arunachal Lobelia |
| Lobelia chinensis | Lobelia campanuloides, Lobelia japonica, Lobelia roxburghiana | Campanulaceae | Chinese Lobelia |
| Lobelia clavata | | Campanulaceae | White East-Himalayan Lobelia |
| Lobelia erinus | | Campanulaceae | Trailing Lobelia |
| Lobelia heyneana | Lobelia bialata, Lobelia dichotoma | Campanulaceae | Winged Lobelia |
| Lobelia leschenaultiana | Lobelia camptodon, Lobelia nicotianifolia var. macrostemon | Campanulaceae | Showy Aromatic Lobelia |
| Lobelia nicotianifolia | Lobelia nicotianaefolia | Campanulaceae | Wild Tobacco |
| Lobelia nummularia | Pratia nummularia, Pratia begoniifolia, Lobelia begoniifolia | Campanulaceae | Roundleaf Star Creeper |
| Lobelia pyramidalis | Rapuntium pyramidale, Lobelia wallichiana, Dortmanna pyramidalis | Campanulaceae | Pyramid Lobelia |
| Lobelia rosea | Dortmanna rosea, Rapuntium roseum | Campanulaceae | Rosy Lobelia |
| Lobelia seguinii | | Campanulaceae | East-Asian Lobelia |
| Lobelia zeylanica | Lobelia hirta, Lobelia affinis, Lobelia succulenta | Campanulaceae | Ceylon Lobelia |
| Lobularia maritima | Alyssum maritimum, Draba maritima, Koniga maritima | Brassicaceae | Sweet Alyssum |
| Loeseneriella africana var. obtusifolia | Loeseneriella obtusifolia, Loeseneriella indochinensis | Celastraceae | Indo-China Paddle-Pod |
| Lolium perenne | Lolium boucheanum, Lolium marschallii | Poaceae | Perennial Ryegrass |
| Lolium temulentum | | Poaceae | Darnel Ryegrass |
| Lomandra longifolia | Xerotes longifolia, Lomandra longifolia subsp. exilis | Asparagaceae | Spiky-Headed Mat-Rush |
| Lomatogonium carinthiacum | Swertia carinthiaca, Pleurogyne carinata | Gentianaceae | Blue Feltwort |
| Lomatogonium minus | Swertia minor, Ophelia minor, Pleurogyna minor | Gentianaceae | Lesser Swertia |
| Lomelosia speciosa | Scabiosa speciosa | Caprifoliaceae | Showy Scabious |
| Lonicera acuminata | | Caprifoliaceae | Vine Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera angustifolia | Lonicera angustifolia var. angustifolia | Caprifoliaceae | Narrow-Leaf Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera angustifolia var. myrtillus | Lonicera myrtillus, Lonicera parvifolia var. myrtillus | Caprifoliaceae | Redberry Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera asperifolia | Lonicera affinis, Caprifolium asperifolium, Xylosteon asperifolium | Caprifoliaceae | Rough-Leaved Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera caerulea subsp. stenantha | Lonicera stenantha, Lonicera caerulea var. glabrescens | Caprifoliaceae | Narrow-Flowered Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera glabrata | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera hispida | Lonicera chaetocarpa, Lonicera anisocalyx, | Caprifoliaceae | Hairy Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera japonica | | Caprifoliaceae | Japanese Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera macrantha | Caprifolium macranthum, Lonicera inodora | Caprifoliaceae | Long-Flower Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera microphylla | Lonicera bungeana, Lonicera alpigena, Caprifolium microphyllum | Caprifoliaceae | Yellow Himalayan Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera obovata | Lonicera parvifolia | Caprifoliaceae | Blueberry Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera periclymenum 'Serotina' | | Caprifoliaceae | Dutch Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera porphyrantha | Lonicera mitis, Lonicera viridiflava | Caprifoliaceae | Purple-Red Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera quinquelocularis | Lonicera translucens | Caprifoliaceae | Translucent Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera spinosa | Xylosteon spinosum | Caprifoliaceae | Spiny Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera webbiana | Lonicera adenophora, Lonicera oxyphylla, Lonicera alpigena | Caprifoliaceae | Glandular Himalayan Honeysuckle |
| Lophopetalum wightianum | | Celastraceae | Frilly Crest-Petal |
| Lophopogon tridentatus | Andropogon tridentatus, Lophopogon duthiei, Saccharum tridentatum | Poaceae | Three-Teeth Beardgrass |
| Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum | | Hamamelidaceae | Red Chinese Fringe Flower |
| Lotus corniculatus | | Fabaceae | Common Birdsfoot Trefoil |
| Lotus garcinii | Lotus pumilus, Lotus stocksii, Aspalathus persica | Fabaceae | Desert Trefoil |
| Loxostigma griffithii | Chirita griffithii, Didymocarpus griffithii, Lysionotus griffithii | Gesneriaceae | Long-Fruit Hairy-Bells |
| Loxostigma kurzii | Chirita kurzii, Didymocarpus kurzii, Roettlera kurzii | Gesneriaceae | Yellow Chirita |
| Luculia grandifolia | | Rubiaceae | White Luculia |
| Luculia gratissima | Mussaenda luculia, Cinchona gratissima | Rubiaceae | Pleasant Luculia |
| Luculia pinceana | | Rubiaceae | Round-Petal Luculia |
| Ludwigia adscendens | Jussiaea repens, Jussiaea adscendens | Onagraceae | Water Primrose |
| Ludwigia decurrens | Ludwigia uniflora, Oenothera alata, Ludwigia jussiaeoides | Onagraceae | Winged Willow Primrose |
| Ludwigia hyssopifolia | Jussiaea hyssopifolia, Ludwigia micrantha | Onagraceae | Hyssop-Leaved Water Primrose |
| Ludwigia octovalvis | Ludwigia octovalvis subsp. sessiliflora, Ludwigia angustifolia | Onagraceae | Willow Primrose |
| Ludwigia perennis | Ludwigia parviflora, Ludwigia multiflora, Ludwigia caryophyllea | Onagraceae | Perennial Water Primrose |
| Ludwigia peruviana | Ludwigia hirta, Ludwigia peruviana var. glaberrima | Onagraceae | Peruvian Water Primrose |
| Ludwigia prostrata | Ludwigia diffusa, Ludwigia fruticulosa | Onagraceae | Creeping Water Primrose |
| Ludwigia sedioides | Jussiaea sedoides | Onagraceae | Mosaic Flower |
| Luffa acutangula | Luffa acutangula var. amara, Luffa amara | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Luffa |
| Luffa aegyptiaca | Cucurbita luffa, Luffa cylindrica, Luffa pentandra, Momordica cylindrica | Cucurbitaceae | Sponge Gourd |
| Luffa echinata | | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Sponge Gourd |
| Luisia birchea | Luisia tenuifolia Hook.f., Birchea teretifolia A. Rich. | Orchidaceae | Birch Luisia |
| Luisia filiformis | Luisia gamblei, Luisia grovesii | Orchidaceae | Threadlike Luisia |
| Luisia macrantha | | Orchidaceae | Spotted Luisia |
| Luisia tenuifolia | Cymbidium tenuifolium, Luisia evangelinae | Orchidaceae | Slender-Leaved Luisia |
| Luisia trichorrhiza | Vanda trichorhiza | Orchidaceae | Hairy-Root Luisia |
| Luisia tristis | Epidendrum triste, Luisia atacta, Luisia beccarii, Luisia zeylanica | Orchidaceae | Cylindrical-Leaf Luisia |
| Lumnitzera littorea | | Combretaceae | Red Teruntum |
| Lumnitzera racemosa | Bruguiera madagascariensis, Petaloma alternifolia | Combretaceae | Black Mangrove |
| Lunaria annua | | Brassicaceae | Honesty |
| Lupinus luteus | Lupinus niger | Fabaceae | Yellow Lupin |
| Lupinus nanus 'Pixie Delight' | | Fabaceae | Sky Lupin Pixie Delight |
| Lupinus spp. | | Fabaceae | Lupin |
| Luvunga eleutherandra | | Rutaceae | South Indian Lavang Lata |
| Luvunga scandens | Limonia scandens, Luvunga nitida | Rutaceae | Lavang Lata |
| Lycianthes crassipetala | Lycianthes laevis subsp. crassipetala, Solanum crassipetalum | Solanaceae | Thick-Petal Nightshade |
| Lycianthes macrodon | Lycianthes biflora subsp. macrodon, Solanum macrodon | Solanaceae | Long-Teeth Nightshade |
| Lycianthes neesiana | Solanum neesianum, Lycianthes subtruncata | Solanaceae | Nees Nightshade |
| Lycianthes rantonnetii | Solanum rantonnettii | Solanaceae | Blue Potato Bush |
| Lycium edgeworthii | Lycium indicum, Lycium europeum | Solanaceae | Indian Box Thorn |
| Lycium ruthenicum | Lycium vulgare var. ruthenicum, Lycium foliosum, Lycium tataricum | Solanaceae | Russian Box Thorn |
| Lycoris aurea | | Amaryllidaceae | Golden Spider Lily |
| Lycoris radiata | Amaryllis radiata, Nerine radiata | Amaryllidaceae | Red Spider Lily |
| Lycoris squamigera | Amaryllis hallii, Hippeastrum squamigerum | Amaryllidaceae | Resurrection Lily |
| Lyonia ovalifolia | Xolisma ovalifolia, Pieris ovalifolia, Andromeda ovalifoli | Ericaceae | Oval-Leaf Lyonia |
| Lysimachia alternifolia | Lysimachia glandulosa, Lysimachia tetragona | Primulaceae | Long-Stalk Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia arvensis | Anagallis arvensis L. | Primulaceae | Scarlet Pimpernel |
| Lysimachia candida | Lysimachia obovata, Lysimachia inconspicua, Lysimachia notoniana | Primulaceae | Manipur Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia chenopodioides | Lysimachia glandulosa, Lysimachia knuthiana | Primulaceae | Goosefoot Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia congestiflora | Lysimachia gymnocephala, Lysimachia smithiana | Primulaceae | Dense-Flowered Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia debilis | | Primulaceae | Weak Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia japonica | Lysimachia maculata, Lysimachia uliginosa, Anagallis pilosa | Primulaceae | Swamp Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia laxa | Lysimachia ramosa, Lysimachia floribunda, Lysimachia grandiflora | Primulaceae | Lax Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia lobelioides | | Primulaceae | Lobelia Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia loeflingii | Lysimachia arvensis var. caerulea, Anagallis caerulea L. | Primulaceae | Blue Pimpernel |
| Lysimachia maritima | Glaux maritima | Primulaceae | Sea Milkwort |
| Lysimachia ovalis | Anagallis ovalis, Anagallis pumila var. ovalis, Anagallis pumila | Primulaceae | Dwarf Pimpernel |
| Lysimachia prolifera | | Primulaceae | Branched Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia pyramidalis | Anagallis multangularis, Lysimachia heterophylla | Primulaceae | Pyramidal Loosestrife |
| Lysionotus atropurpureus | | Gesneriaceae | Purple Lysionotus |
| Lysionotus chatungii | | Gesneriaceae | Siang Lysionotus |
| Lysionotus gamosepalus | | Gesneriaceae | Fused-Sepal Lysionotus |
| Lysionotus levipes | Aeschynanthus levipes, Trichosporum levipes, Lysionotus angustisepalus | Gesneriaceae | Light-Footed Lysionotus |
| Lysionotus serratus | Didymocarpus esquirolii, Hemiboea himalayensis, Lysionotus himalayensis | Gesneriaceae | Himalayan Lysionotus |
| Lythrum salicaria | Lythrum argyi, Lythrum anceps | Lythraceae | Purple Loosestrife |
| Macaranga denticulata | Macaranga pustulata, Mappa wallichii, Tanarius denticulatus | Euphorbiaceae | Blistery Macaranga |
| Macaranga indica | Macaranga adenantha, Trevia hernandiifolia, Tanarius indicus | Euphorbiaceae | Indian Macaranga |
| Macaranga peltata | Macaranga roxburghii, Tanarius peltatus, Mappa peltata | Euphorbiaceae | Shield-Leaf Tree |
| Machilus duthiei | Persea duthiei | Lauraceae | Lanceleaf Bay Tree |
| Machilus glaucescens | Persea macrantha, Machilus macrantha | Lauraceae | Large-Flowered Bay Tree |
| Machilus odoratissima | Persea odoratissima | Lauraceae | Fragrant Bay Tree |
| Mackaya indica | Eranthemum indicum, Odontonemella indica, Asystasia thyrsacanthus | Acanthaceae | Indian Bell-Bush |
| Mackaya neesiana | Asystasia neesiana, Asystasia chinensis, Ruellia neesiana | Acanthaceae | East-Himalayan Bell-Bush |
| Maclura cochinchinensis | Vanieria cochinchinensis, Cudrania javanensis, Cudrania cochinchinensis | Moraceae | Cockspur Thorn |
| Maclura spinosa | | Moraceae | Spiny Maclura |
| Macradenia multiflora | Trichopilia multiflora | Orchidaceae | Multiflowered Macradenia |
| Macroptilium atropurpureum | Phaseolus affinis, Phaseolus atropurpureus, Phaseolus canescens | Fabaceae | Purple Bush-Bean |
| Macroptilium lathyroides | Phaseolus lathyroides, Phaseolus semierectus, Phaseolus crotalarioides | Fabaceae | Phasey Bean |
| Macrosolen capitellatus | Loranthus capitellatus | Loranthaceae | South Indian Mistletoe |
| Macrosolen parasiticus | Lonicera parasitica, Loranthus loniceroides, Loranthus macrophyllus | Loranthaceae | Honeysuckle Mistletoe |
| Macrosolen pseudopsilantha | Elytranthe pseudopsilantha | Loranthaceae | White-Dotted Red Mistletoe |
| Macrosphyra longistyla | Gardenia longistyla, Randia longistyla | Rubiaceae | Long-Style Gardenia |
| Macrotyloma uniflorum | Dolichos benadirianus, Dolichos uniflorus | Fabaceae | Horse Gram |
| Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia | Bassia latifolia, Illipe latifolia, Madhuca indica, Madhuca latifolia | Sapotaceae | Mahua |
| Madhuca longifolia var. longifolia | | Sapotaceae | South Indian Mahua |
| Madhuca neriifolia | Madhuca malabarica, Basia malabarica, Illipe malabarica | Sapotaceae | Illipe Butter Tree |
| Maerua apetala | Capparis apetala | Capparaceae | Petal-less Caper |
| Maerua oblongifolia | Maerua arenaria, Capparis oblongifolia, Maerua scabra | Capparaceae | Desert Caper |
| Maesa chisia | Maesa dioica, Maesa prodigiosa | Primulaceae | Chisia Wild Berry |
| Maesa indica | Baeobotrys indica, Maesa dubia, Maesa indica var. perrottetiana | Primulaceae | Wild Berry |
| Maesa macrophylla | Maesa tomentosa D. Don | Primulaceae | Large-Leaf Maesa |
| Maesa manipurensis | | Primulaceae | Manipur Wild Berry |
| Maesa montana | Maesa formosana, Maesa martinii, Maesa henryi | Primulaceae | Mountain Maesa |
| Maesa ramentacea | Baeobotrys ramentacea, Maesa lanceolata, Maesa acuminata | Primulaceae | East-Asian Wild Berry |
| Maesa rugosa | | Primulaceae | Wrinkled-Leaf Wild Berry |
| Maesopsis eminii | Maesopsis eminii subsp. eminii | Rhamnaceae | Umbrella Tree |
| Magnolia andamanica | Talauma andamanica | Magnoliaceae | Andaman Magnolia |
| Magnolia campbellii | | Magnoliaceae | Pink Tulip Tree |
| Magnolia cathcartii | Alcimandra cathcartii, Michelia cathcartii, Sampacca cathcartii | Magnoliaceae | Indo-China Magnolia |
| Magnolia champaca | Michelia champaca, Michelia rheedei, Champaca michelia | Magnoliaceae | Champa |
| Magnolia coco | | Magnoliaceae | Dwarf Magnolia |
| Magnolia doltsopa | Michelia doltsopa, Magnolia excelsa, Michelia manipurensis | Magnoliaceae | Manipur Magnolia |
| Magnolia figo | Magnolia annonifolia, Michelia figo, Liriodendron figo | Magnoliaceae | Banana Shrub |
| Magnolia globosa | Oyama globosa, Magnolia tsarongensis, Yulania japonica var. globosa | Magnoliaceae | Globe Magnolia |
| Magnolia grandiflora | | Magnoliaceae | Magnolia |
| Magnolia hodgsonii | Talauma hodgsonii, Lirianthe hodgsonii | Magnoliaceae | Large-Leaf Magnolia |
| Magnolia kisopa | Michelia kisopa, Sampacca kisopa, Michelia zila, Michelia doltsopa subsp. kisopa | Magnoliaceae | Kisopa Magnolia |
| Magnolia kobus | Magnolia kobushii, Magnolia pseudokobus, Magnolia borealis | Magnoliaceae | Kobushi Magnolia |
| Magnolia liliifera | Magnolia candollei, Magnolia pumila, Magnolia andamanica | Magnoliaceae | Egg Magnolia |
| Magnolia liliiflora | Magnolia lilliflora | Magnoliaceae | Lily Magnolia |
| Magnolia nilagirica | Michelia glaucaMichelia nilagirica, | Magnoliaceae | Nilgiri Champa |
| Magnolia punduana | Michelia punduana, Sampacca punduana | Magnoliaceae | Pandua Magnolia |
| Magnolia × soulangeana | | Magnoliaceae | Saucer Magnolia |
| Magnolia x alba | Michelia alba | Magnoliaceae | White Champa |
| Maharanga emodi | Onosma emodi, Maharanga wallichiana, Onosma vestita | Boraginaceae | Himalayan Maharanga |
| Maharanga thomsonii | Onosma thomsonii | Boraginaceae | White Himalayan Maharanga |
| Maianthemum oleraceum | Smilacina oleracea, Smilacina crassifolia | Asparagaceae | Edible Mayflower |
| Maianthemum purpureum | Smilacina purpurea, Smilacina pallida, Smilacina purpurea var. albiflora | Asparagaceae | Himalayan Mayflower |
| Majidea zanguebarica | Majidea zanquebarica, Harpullia zanguebarica | Sapindaceae | Black Pearl Tree |
| Malachra capitata | Sida capitata | Malvaceae | Brazil Jute |
| Malaxis densiflora | Liparis densiflora, Microstylis densiflora, Seidenfia densiflora | Orchidaceae | Densely-Flowered Malaxis |
| Malaxis intermedia | Malaxis stocksii, Liparis intermedia, Seidenfia intermedia | Orchidaceae | Medium Malaxis |
| Malaxis muscifera | Microstylis muscifera, Dienia muscifera | Orchidaceae | Fly Bearing Malaxis |
| Mallotus aureopunctatus | Rottlera aureo-punctata | Euphorbiaceae | Yellow-Spotted Kamala |
| Mallotus beddomei | | Euphorbiaceae | Climbing Kaamla |
| Mallotus nudiflorus | Trewia nudiflora, Mallotus cardiophyllus, Rottlera indica | Euphorbiaceae | False White Teak |
| Mallotus philippensis | | Euphorbiaceae | Kaamla Tree |
| Mallotus repandus | Croton rhombifolius, Mallotus scandens, Rottlera scandens | Euphorbiaceae | Triangular-Leaf Mallotus |
| Mallotus resinosus | Mallotus stenanthus, Mallotus muricatus, Mallotus viridis | Euphorbiaceae | Resinous Kamala |
| Mallotus rhamnifolius | Croton reticulatus, Croton nervosus, Mallotus micranthus | Euphorbiaceae | Buckthorn-Leaved Kamala |
| Mallotus roxburghianus | Rottlera peltata | Euphorbiaceae | Shield-Leaf Kamala |
| Mallotus tetracoccus | Mallotus ferrugineus, Mallotus albus var. occidentalis | Euphorbiaceae | Rusty Kamala |
| Malpighia coccigera | Malpighia coccigrya, Malpighia heterantha | Malpighiaceae | Miniature Holly |
| Malpighia emarginata | Malpighia lancifolia, Malpighia retusa, Malpighia umbellata | Malpighiaceae | Acerola Cherry |
| Malpighia glabra | | Malpighiaceae | Barbados Cherry |
| Malus mandshurica | Malus baccata subsp. mandshurica | Rosaceae | Manchurian Crabapple |
| Malus pumila | Malus communis, Malus domestica | Rosaceae | Apple |
| Malva ludwigii | Althaea ludwigii, Malva malwensis, Althaea laevis | Malvaceae | Egyptian Mallow |
| Malva microcarpa | Malva parviflora var. microcarpa | Malvaceae | Least Mallow |
| Malva neglecta | Malva rotundifolia | Malvaceae | Common Mallow |
| Malva parviflora | Althaea parviflora, Malva rotundifolia subsp. parviflora | Malvaceae | Small Mallow |
| Malvastrum coromandelianum | Malva coromandeliana, Malvastrum tricuspidatum | Malvaceae | False Mallow |
| Malva sylvestris | | Malvaceae | High Mallow |
| Malva verticillata | Malva crispa, Althaea crispa, Malva meluca, Malva mohileviensis | Malvaceae | Chinese Mallow |
| Malvaviscus arboreus var. arboreus | Hibiscus nutans, Hibiscus speciosus | Malvaceae | Sleeping Hibiscus |
| Malvaviscus arboreus var. drummondii | Malvaviscus drummondii | Malvaceae | Wax Mallow |
| Malvaviscus penduliflorus | | Malvaceae | Pendulous Sleeping Hibiscus |
| Mammea suriga | Calophyllum suriga | Calophyllaceae | Surangi |
| Mammillaria beneckei | Mammillaria barkeri, Oehmea beneckei | Cactaceae | Benecke's Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria compressa | Mammillaria esseriana | Cactaceae | Compressed Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria elongata | Chilita elongata, Leptocladia elongata, Neomammillaria elongata | Cactaceae | Elongated Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria geminispina | Cactus geminispinus, Neomammillaria geminispina | Cactaceae | Twin-Spined Cactus |
| Mammillaria haageana subsp. elegans | Mammillaria elegans | Cactaceae | Elegant Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria longimamma | | Cactaceae | Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria plumosa | Ebnerella plumosa, Chilita plumosa | Cactaceae | Feather Cactus |
| Mammillaria prolifera | Mammillaria glomerata | Cactaceae | Texas Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria pseudoperbella | | Cactaceae | Pretty Nipple Cactus |
| Mandevilla laxa | | Apocynaceae | Chilean Jasmine |
| Mandevilla sanderi | | Apocynaceae | Mandevilla |
| Mandragora caulescens | | Solanaceae | Himalayan Mandrake |
| Mandragora officinarum | | Solanaceae | Mandrake |
| Mangifera indica | | Anacardiaceae | Mango |
| Mangifera sylvatica | | Anacardiaceae | Himalayan Mango |
| Manihot esculenta | Jatropha manihot, Jatropha dulcis | Euphorbiaceae | Tapioca |
| Manilkara hexandra | Mimusops hexandra | Sapotaceae | Ceylon Iron Wood |
| Manilkara littoralis | Mimusops littoralis, Mimusops indica, Kaukenia littoralis | Sapotaceae | Andaman Bullet-Wood |
| Manilkara zapota | | Sapotaceae | Chikoo |
| Mansoa alliacea | Bignonia alliacea, Pseudocalymma alliaceum, Adenocalymma alliaceum | Bignoniaceae | Garlic Vine |
| Mappia nimmoniana | Mappia foetida, Nothapodytes nimmoniana, Premna nimmoniana | Icacinaceae | Stinking Tree |
| Maranta arundinacea | Maranta sylvatica | Marantaceae | West-Indian Arrowroot |
| Maranta leuconeura | | Marantaceae | Prayer Plant |
| Markhamia lutea | | Bignoniaceae | Markhamia |
| Marrubium marrubiastrum | Lagopsis marrubiastrum, Marrubium lanatum, Molucella marrubiastnum | Lamiaceae | Alpine Horehound |
| Marrubium vulgare | | Lamiaceae | White Horehound |
| Marsdenia lucida | | Apocynaceae | Shining Marsdenia |
| Marsdenia raziana | | Apocynaceae | Deccan Marsdenia |
| Marsdenia roylei | Pergularia roylei | Apocynaceae | Red Pergularia |
| Marsdenia tenacissima | Asclepias tenacissima, Pergularia tenacissima | Apocynaceae | Rajmahal Hemp |
| Marsdenia volubilis | Asclepias volubilis, Dregea volubilis, Wattakaka volubilis | Apocynaceae | Sneeze Wort |
| Martynia annua | | Martyniaceae | Devils Claws |
| Matricaria aurea | Chamomilla aurea, Cotula aurea | Asteraceae | Golden Chamomile |
| Matricaria chamomilla | Chamomilla recutita | Asteraceae | Chamomilla |
| Matricaria discoidea | Matricaria matricarioides auct. non Porter, Chamomilla discoidea | Asteraceae | Pineapple Weed |
| Matthiola chorassanica | Matthiola integrifolia, Matthiola tenera, Matthiola flavida | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Stock |
| Matthiola incana | | Brassicaceae | Garden Stock |
| Maurandya scandens | Asarina scandens, Maurandya semperflorens | Plantaginaceae | Climbing Snapdragon |
| Maytenus puberula | Gymnosporia puberula, Gymnosporia konkanensis | Celastraceae | Konkan Spike Thorn |
| Mazus delavayi | Mazus pumilus var. delavayi, Mazus divaricatus | Mazaceae | Bell-Sepal Mazus |
| Mazus motuoensis | | Mazaceae | Motuo Mazus |
| Mazus pumilus | | Mazaceae | Asian Mazus |
| Mazus surculosus | | Mazaceae | Suckering Mazus |
| Mecardonia procumbens | Bacopa procumbens, Erinus procumbens | Plantaginaceae | Baby Jump Up |
| Meconopsis aculeata | Papaver guilelmi-waldemarii, Meconopsis guilelmi-waldemarii, Meconopsis bikramii | Papaveraceae | Blue Poppy |
| Meconopsis dhwojii | Papaver dhwojii | Papaveraceae | Hairy Yellow Poppy |
| Meconopsis grandis | Papaver grande | Papaveraceae | Grand Blue Poppy |
| Meconopsis horridula | Papaver horridulum | Papaveraceae | Prickly Blue Poppy |
| Meconopsis latifolia | Meconopsis sinuata var. latifolia, Papaver latifolium | Papaveraceae | Kashmir Blue Poppy |
| Meconopsis merakensis var. albolutea | Meconopsis prainiana var. lutea Grey-Wilson | Papaveraceae | Merak White Poppy |
| Meconopsis paniculata | Papaver paniculatum, Stylophorum paniculatum | Papaveraceae | Panicled Yellow Poppy |
| Meconopsis pseudointegrifolia | Papaver pseudointegrifolium, Meconopsis uniflora | Papaveraceae | Sulphur Poppy |
| Meconopsis robusta | Papaver robustum | Papaveraceae | Robust Yellow Poppy |
| Meconopsis simplicifolia | Papaver simplicifolium, Stylophorum simplicifolium | Papaveraceae | Common Blue Poppy |
| Medicago falcata | Medicago aurantiaca, Medicago borealis, Medicago procumbens | Fabaceae | Sickle Medick |
| Medicago laciniata | | Fabaceae | Cutleaf Medick |
| Medicago lupulina | | Fabaceae | Black Medic |
| Medicago minima | Medicago hirsuta, Medicago polymorpha var. minima | Fabaceae | Little Bur Clover |
| Medicago monantha | Trigonella monantha, Trigonella incisa, Trigonella noeana | Fabaceae | Medick |
| Medicago polymorpha | Medicago denticulata, Medicago polycarpa | Fabaceae | Bur Clover |
| Medicago sativa | | Fabaceae | Alfalfa |
| Medinilla beddomei | Medinilla radicans, Triplectrum radicans | Melastomataceae | Nilgiri Medinilla |
| Medinilla magnifica | Medinilla bracteata, Medinilla superba, Dactyliota bracteata | Melastomataceae | Magnificent Medinilla |
| Medinilla multiflora | Medinilla myriantha, Medinilla confusa, Medinilla vulcanica | Melastomataceae | Malaysian Grapes |
| Medinilla speciosa | Melastoma speciosum, Melastoma eximium | Melastomataceae | Showy Asian Grapes |
| Megacarpaea polyandra | | Brassicaceae | Barmola |
| Megaskepasma erythrochlamys | | Acanthaceae | Brazilian Red Cloak |
| Meiogyne pannosa | Meiogyne ramarowii, Polyalthia pannosa, Unona pannosa | Annonaceae | Malabar Fingersop |
| Melaleuca bracteata | Melaleuca genistifolia, Melaleuca monticola | Myrtaceae | Golden Bottle Brush |
| Melaleuca leucadendra | Cajuputi leucadendron, Melaleuca leucadendron | Myrtaceae | Cajuput Tree |
| Melaleuca linariifolia | Melaleuca hyssopifolia, Melaleuca stricta | Myrtaceae | Narrow-Leaf Paperbark |
| Melaleuca styphelioides | | Myrtaceae | Prickly Paperbark |
| Melaleuca viminalis | Callistemon viminalis, Metrosideros viminalis | Myrtaceae | Weeping Bottle Brush |
| Melampodium divaricatum | Dysodium divaricatum, Melampodium paludosum | Asteraceae | Butter Daisy |
| Melanocenchris abyssinica | Melanocenchris plumosa, Eutriana abyssinica | Poaceae | Ethiopian Black Millet |
| Melanocenchris jacquemontii | Gracilea royleana | Poaceae | Desert Black-Millet |
| Melanoseris brunoniana | Prenanthes brunoniana, Lactuca brunoniana, Cicerbita brunoniana | Asteraceae | Himalayan Blue Sow-Thistle |
| Melanoseris cyanea | Chaetoseris hastata, Lactuca hastata, Cicerbita cyanea | Asteraceae | Arrowleaf Blue-Sow-Thistle |
| Melanoseris lessertiana | Cicerbita lessertiana, Lactuca lessertiana, Mulgedium lessertianum | Asteraceae | Edible-Leaf Violet Dandelion |
| Melanoseris macrorhiza | Cicerbita macrorhiza, Cicerbita laevigata, Lactuca macrorhiza | Asteraceae | Violet Dandelion |
| Melanoseris violifolia | Cicerbita violifolia, Prenanthes violifolia, Lactuca violifolia | Asteraceae | Viola-Leaved Blue Sow-Thistle |
| Melastoma malabathricum subsp. normale | Melastoma normale, Melastoma nepalensis | Melastomataceae | Himalayan Melastome |
| Melastoma malabathricum | | Melastomataceae | Malabar Melastome |
| Melhania futteyporensis | Melhania abutiloides, Melhania hamiltoniana Munro, Melhania futteyporensis var. major | Malvaceae | Fatehpur Melhania |
| Melhania incana | | Malvaceae | Hairy Melhania |
| Melhania magnifolia | | Malvaceae | Large-Leaf Melhania |
| Melia azedarach | Melia azedarach var. japonica, Melia toosendan | Meliaceae | Persian Lilac |
| Melia dubia | Melia composita | Meliaceae | Malabar Neem |
| Melica persica | Melica lanata, Melica vestita, Melica jacquemontii | Poaceae | Persian Melic Grass |
| Melicope elleryana | Euodia altissima, Euodia rosea, Euodia spectabilis | Rutaceae | Pink Evodia |
| Melicope lunu-ankenda | Zanthoxylum roxburghianum, Euodia lunu-ankenda, Evodia roxburghiana | Rutaceae | Melicope |
| Melilotus albus | | Fabaceae | White Sweet Clover |
| Melilotus indicus | Melilotus indica, Trifolium indicum, Melilotus parviflorus | Fabaceae | Indian Sweet Clover |
| Melilotus officinalis | | Fabaceae | Yellow Sweet Clover |
| Melinis repens | Saccharum repens, Rhynchelytrum repens, Tricholaena rosea | Poaceae | Natal Grass |
| Meliosma dilleniifolia | Millingtonia dilleniifolia | Sabiaceae | Dillenia-Leaved Meliosma |
| Meliosma pinnata subsp. barbulata | Meliosma pinnata var. barbulata | Sabiaceae | Indian Compound-Leaf Meliosma |
| Meliosma simplicifolia | | Sabiaceae | Simple-Leaved Meliosma |
| Melissa axillaris | Melissa longifolia, Melissa parviflora | Lamiaceae | Small-Flowered Melissa |
| Melissa officinalis | Thymus melissa, Faucibarba officinalis, Mutelia officinalis | Lamiaceae | Lemon Balm |
| Melocanna baccifera | Bambusa baccifera, Melocanna baccifera, Melocanna bambusoides | Poaceae | Muli Bamboo |
| Melochia corchorifolia | Melochia erecta, Sida cuneifolia, Melochia affini | Sterculiaceae | Chocolate Weed |
| Melochia nodiflora | Melochia carpinifolia, Melochia conglobata | Sterculiaceae | Hornbeam Leaved Melochia |
| Melochia pyramidata | | Sterculiaceae | Pyramid Flower |
| Melodinus cochinchinensis | Melodinus khasianus, Nerium piscidium, Wrightia piscidia | Apocynaceae | Mountain Orange |
| Memecylon angustifolium | | Melastomataceae | Blue Mist |
| Memecylon deccanense | Memecylon wightianum, Memecylon heyneanum | Melastomataceae | Deccan Memecylon |
| Memecylon depressum | | Melastomataceae | Depressed Memecylon |
| Memecylon lawsonii | | Melastomataceae | Malabar Memecylon |
| Memecylon sessile | Memecylon subcordatum, Memecylon randerianum | Melastomataceae | Stalkless Memecylon |
| Memecylon talbotianum | | Melastomataceae | Talbot Memecylon |
| Memecylon terminale | Memecylon amabile | Melastomataceae | Smallest Indian Memecylon |
| Memecylon umbellatum | Memecylon molestum, Memecylon ramiflorum, Memecylon tinctorium | Melastomataceae | Ironwood Tree |
| Mentha arvensis | Mentha parietariifolia, Calamintha arvensis | Lamiaceae | Field Mint |
| Mentha longifolia subsp. hymalaiensis | Mentha royleana Benth. subsp. hymalaı̈ensis Briq. | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Horsemint |
| Mentha longifolia var. asiatica | Mentha asiatica, Mentha vagans, Mentha asperata | Lamiaceae | Asian Mint |
| Mentha pulegium | Pulegium vulgare, Thymus bidentatus, Mentha aromatica | Lamiaceae | European Pennyroyal |
| Mentha royleana | Mentha longifolia subsp. royleana, Mentha sylvestris var. royleana | Lamiaceae | Kashmir Horsemint |
| Mentha spicata subsp. spicata | Mentha crispa, Mentha viridis, Mentha sylvestris var. glabra | Lamiaceae | Pudina |
| Mentha spicata | | Lamiaceae | Spearmint |
| Mentha x piperita | Mentha piperata, Mentha piperita | Lamiaceae | Peppermint |
| Menyanthes trifoliata | Menyanthes paradoxa, Menyanthes verna, Menyanthes latifolia | Menyanthaceae | Bog Bean |
| Merremia emarginata | Merremia gangetica, Convolvulus reniformis, Ipomoea reniformis | Convolvulaceae | Kidney Leaf Morning Glory |
| Merremia hederacea | Evolvulus hederaceus, Ipomoea chryseides, Merremia chryseides, Merremia convolvulacea | Convolvulaceae | Ivy Woodrose |
| Mesembryanthemum cordifolium | Aptenia cordifolia, Litocarpus cordifolius | Aizoaceae | Baby Sun Rose |
| Mesosphaerum suaveolens | Hyptis suaveolens, Ballota suaveolens | Lamiaceae | American Mint |
| Mesostemma latifolium | Stellaria himalayensis, Leucostemma latifolia, Stellaria latifolia | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Chickweed |
| Mesua ferrea | | Calophyllaceae | Nag Kesar |
| Meyna laxiflora | Vangueria spinosa | Rubiaceae | Muyna |
| Mezoneuron cucullatum | Caesalpinia cucullata, Caesalpinia monosperma | Caesalpiniaceae | Indo-China Thorn |
| Micranthes melanocentra | Saxifraga melanocentra, Saxifraga sulphurascens | Saxifragaceae | Yellow Spotted White Saxifrage |
| Micranthes pallida | Saxifraga pallida, Saxifraga himalaica | Saxifragaceae | Pale Saxifrage |
| Micrargeria wightii | | Orobanchaceae | Burma Micrargeria |
| Microchirita hamosa | Chirita hamosa | Gesneriaceae | Tropical Asian Chirita |
| Micrococca mercurialis | Mercurialis alternifolia , Tragia mercurialis, Claoxylon mercuriale | Euphorbiaceae | Mercury Doughwood |
| Microcos heterotricha | Grewia heterotricha, Grewia ritchiei, Grewia lawsoniana | Tiliaceae | Climbing Crossberry |
| Microcos paniculata | Grewia microcos, Grewia nervosa, Grewia ulmifolia | Tiliaceae | Elm-Leaf Grewia |
| Microgynoecium tibeticum | | Chenopodiaceae | Tibetan Goosefoot |
| Micromelum integerrimum | Bergera integerrima, Micromelum ceylanicum | Rutaceae | Entire-Leaf Lime Berry |
| Micromeria biflora | Thymus biflorus, Satureja biflora, Clinopodium biflorum | Lamiaceae | Lemon Savory |
| Micropera mannii | Camarotis mannii, Sarcochilus mannii, Thrixspermum mannii | Orchidaceae | Curved-Lip Micropera |
| Micropera obtusa | Camarotis obtusa, Sarcochilus obtusus | Orchidaceae | Blunt-Lip Micropera |
| Micropera rostrata | Aerides rostrata, Camarotis rostrata | Orchidaceae | Beaked Micropera |
| Microstachys chamaelea | Tragia chamaelea, Sebastiana chamaelea | Euphorbiaceae | Creeping Sebastiana |
| Microstegium fasciculatum | Andropogon fasciculatus, Pollinia ciliata, Microstegium ciliatum | Poaceae | Bundled Browntop Grass |
| Microtoena patchoulii | Microtoena insuavis, Microtoena cymosa, Plectranthus patchoulii | Lamiaceae | Assam Patchouli |
| Microtropis wallichiana | Microtropis suborbiculata, Paracelastrus wallichianus | Celastraceae | South-Indian Microtropis |
| Microula sikkimensis | Anchusa sikkimensi, Tretocarya sikkimensis | Boraginaceae | Sikkim Microula |
| Mikania micrantha | Mikania cordata var. indica | Asteraceae | Climbing Hempweed |
| Milicia excelsa | Chlorophora excelsa, Morus excelsa, Chlorophora alba | Moraceae | African Teak |
| Miliusa codonantha | | Annonaceae | Bellflower Miliusa |
| Miliusa dioeca | Miliusa globosa, Miliusa roxburghiana, Miliusa wallichiana | Annonaceae | Indian Miliusa |
| Miliusa eriocarpa | | Annonaceae | Woolly-Fruit Miliusa |
| Miliusa nilagirica | | Annonaceae | Nilgiri Miliusa |
| Miliusa tomentosa | Uvaria tomentosa, Saccopetalum tomentosum | Annonaceae | Woolly Miliusa |
| Miliusa velutina | Uvaria velutina, Guatteria villosa | Annonaceae | Velvety Miliusa |
| Miliusa wightiana | | Annonaceae | Western Ghats Miliusa |
| Millettia extensa | Millettia macrophylla, Pongamia macrophylla, Millettia auriculata | Fabaceae | Large-Leaf Pongam Creeper |
| Millettia peguensis | Pongamia ovalifolia, Millettia ovalifolia | Fabaceae | Moulmein Rosewood |
| Millettia rubiginosa | | Fabaceae | Rusty Pongam Creeper |
| Millingtonia hortensis | | Bignoniaceae | Indian Cork Tree |
| Mimosa diplotricha | Mimosa invisa, Mimosa longisiliqua, Morongia pilosa | Mimosaceae | Giant Sensitive Plant |
| Mimosa hamata | Mimosa armata | Mimosaceae | Hooked Mimosa |
| Mimosa pudica | | Mimosaceae | Touch Me Not |
| Mimosa rubicaulis subsp. himalayana | Mimosa himalayana | Mimosaceae | Himalayan Mimosa |
| Mimosa rubicaulis | | Mimosaceae | South-Indian Mimosa |
| Mimulus spp. | | Phrymaceae | Monkey Flower hybrid |
| Mimulus strictus | Mimulus angustifolius | Phrymaceae | Erect Monkey Flower |
| Mimusops elengi | | Sapotaceae | Maulsari |
| Miquelia assamica | Miquelia gibba, Miquelia kleinii, Jenkinsia assamica | Icacinaceae | Assam Miquelia |
| Mirabilis himalaica | Allionia himalaica, Oxybaphus himalaicus | Nyctaginaceae | Himalayan Wonder-Flower |
| Mirabilis jalapa | | Nyctaginaceae | Four O'clock |
| Miscanthus nepalensis | Eulalia nepalensis, Erianthus nepalensis | Poaceae | Nepal Fairy Grass |
| Miscanthus nudipes | Erianthus nudipes, Diandranthus aristatus, Miscanthus brevipilus | Poaceae | Pink Fairy Grass |
| Misopates orontium subsp. gibbosum | Antirrhinum gibbosum | Plantaginaceae | Corn Snapdragon |
| Mitracarpus hirtus | Spermacoce diffusa, Spermacoce villosa, Borreria ferruginea | Rubiaceae | Tropical Girdlepod |
| Mitragyna parvifolia | | Rubiaceae | Kaim |
| Mitragyna rotundifolia | Mitragyna brunonis, Nauclea brunonis, Nauclea rotundifolia | Rubiaceae | Roundleaf Kadamb |
| Mitrasacme prolifera | Mitrasacme indica, Mitrasacme pusilla, Mitrasacme crystallina | Loganiaceae | Indian Bishop's Hat |
| Mitrasacme pygmaea | Mitrasacme chinensis, Mitrasacme lutea, Mitrasacme galiifolia | Loganiaceae | Pygmy Bishop's Hat |
| Mitreola petiolata | Ophiorrhiza mitreola, Cynoctonum mitreola, Mitreola paniculata | Loganiaceae | Lax Hornpod |
| Mitrephora grandiflora | Kinginda grandiflora | Annonaceae | Large Cap-Flower |
| Modiola caroliniana | Malva caroliniana, Modiola prostrata | Malvaceae | Carolina Bristle Mallow |
| Mokara spp. | | Orchidaceae | Mokara Orchid |
| Mokara spp. | | Orchidaceae | Mokara Red |
| Molineria capitulata | Curculigo capitulata, Curculigo glabra, Molineria hortensis | Hypoxidaceae | Palm Star Grass |
| Mollugo disticha | Mollugo racemosa, Mollugo triphylla | Molluginaceae | Three-Leaf Carpetweed |
| Mollugo nudicaulis | Lampetia nudicaulis | Molluginaceae | Barestem Carpetweed |
| Moluccella laevis | Molucca laevis, Lamium moluccella | Lamiaceae | Bells of Ireland |
| Momordica balsamina | Momordica huberii, Momordica garipensis, Momordica schinzii | Cucurbitaceae | Balsam Pear |
| Momordica charantia | Momordica muricata, Momordica zeylanica, Momordica charantia var. muricata | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Gourd |
| Momordica cochinchinensis | Momordica macrophylla, Momordica mixta, Momordica sphaeroidea | Cucurbitaceae | Gac Fruit |
| Momordica cymbalaria | Luffa amara, Luffa tuberosa, Momordica tuberosa, Cucumis tuberosus | Cucurbitaceae | Little Wild Gourd |
| Momordica dioica | | Cucurbitaceae | Spiny Gourd |
| Momordica subangulata subsp. renigera | Momordica renigera, Momordica hamiltoniana | Cucurbitaceae | Teasle Gourd |
| Monoon coffeoides | Guatteria coffeoides, Polyalthia coffeoides | Annonaceae | Coffee Ashok |
| Monoon fragrans | Guatteria fragrans, Polyalthia fragrans | Annonaceae | Fragrant Ashok |
| Monoon longifolium | Polyalthia longifolia, Unona longifolia, Uvaria longifolia | Annonaceae | Ashok |
| Monosis volkameriifolia | Vernonia volkameriifolia, Conyza volkameriifolia, Vernonia punduana | Asteraceae | Himalayan Tree Vernonia |
| Monotropa hypopitys | Hypopitys multiflora, Monotropa lanuginosa, Hypopitys lutea | Ericaceae | Yellow Pine-Sap |
| Monotropa uniflora | | Ericaceae | Indian Pipe |
| Monsonia senegalensis | Monsonia lawiana, Erodium chumbulense | Geraniaceae | Pink Monsonia |
| Monstera deliciosa | | Araceae | Split Leaf Philodendron |
| Montanoa bipinnatifida | Montanoa elegans, Polymnia grandis, Montanoa pyramidata | Asteraceae | Tree Chrysanthemum |
| Montanoa grandiflora | Eriocoma hartwegiana | Asteraceae | Tree Daisy |
| Morina coulteriana | Morina brevifolia | Caprifoliaceae | Yellow Whorlflower |
| Morina longifolia | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Whorlflower |
| Morina nepalensis | Acanthocalyx nepalensis | Caprifoliaceae | Nepal Morina |
| Morina polyphylla | | Caprifoliaceae | Many-Leaved Whorlflower |
| Morinda angustifolia | Morinda squarrosa, Morinda angustifolia var. scabridula | Rubiaceae | Narrow-Leaf Morinda |
| Morinda citrifolia | | Rubiaceae | Great Morinda |
| Morinda coreia | Morinda tinctoria, Morinda pubescens, Morinda coreia var. tomentosa | Rubiaceae | Indian Mulberry |
| Moringa concanensis | | Moringaceae | Konkan Moringa |
| Moringa drouhardii | | Moringaceae | Madagascar Bottle Tree |
| Moringa oleifera | Moringa zeylanica | Moringaceae | Drumstick Tree |
| Morus alba | | Moraceae | White Mulberry |
| Morus macroura | Morus alba var. laevigata, Morus laevigata | Moraceae | King White Mulberry |
| Morus serrata | Morus alba var. serrata, Morus pabularia | Moraceae | Himalayan Mulberry |
| Mosla dianthera | Cunila nepalensis, Mosla hirta, Orthodon hirtus | Lamiaceae | Two-Flower Mosla |
| Moullava spicata | Wagatea spicata, Caesalpinia spicata | Caesalpiniaceae | Candy Corn Plant |
| Mucuna atropurpurea | | Fabaceae | Purple Mucuna |
| Mucuna bracteata | Mucuna exserta, Mucuna venulosa, Mucuna brevipes | Fabaceae | East-Himalayan Mucuna |
| Mucuna gigantea | Dolichos giganteus, Negretia gigantea, Carpopogon giganteus | Fabaceae | Sea Bean |
| Mucuna imbricata | Carpopogon imbricatus, Stizolobium imbricatum, Mucuna yadaviana | Fabaceae | Himalayan Jade Vine |
| Mucuna monosperma | Stizolobium rugosum | Fabaceae | Negro Bean |
| Mucuna pruriens | | Fabaceae | Velvet Bean |
| Muehlenbeckia platyclados | Homalocladium platycladum, Polygonum platycladum | Polygonaceae | Tapeworm Plant |
| Muhlenbergia capillaris | | Poaceae | Pink Mist Grass |
| Mundulea sericea | Tephrosia sericea, Robinia suberosa, Dalbergia sericea | Fabaceae | Cork Bush |
| Muntingia calabura | | Muntingiaceae | Jamaica Cherry |
| Murdannia brownii | | Commelinaceae | Konkan Dewflower |
| Murdannia crocea subsp. ochracea | Murdannia ochracea, Phaeneilema ochraceum | Commelinaceae | Ochre Dewflower |
| Murdannia dimorpha | Aneilema dimorphum, Aneilema paniculatum, Phaeneilema dimorphum | Commelinaceae | Two-Shaped Dewflower |
| Murdannia divergens | Commelina wallichiana, Aneilema divergens, Phaeneilema divergens | Commelinaceae | Diverging Dewflower |
| Murdannia edulis | Commelina edulis, Murdannia scapiflora, Commelina scapiflora | Commelinaceae | Edible Dewflower |
| Murdannia gigantea | Commelina hookeriana, Commelina gigantea, Aneilema giganteum | Commelinaceae | Giant Dewflower |
| Murdannia lanuginosa | Aneilema lanuginosum, Murdannia siennea | Commelinaceae | Marsh Dewflower |
| Murdannia loriformis | Murdannia angustifolia, Aneilema loriforme, Aneilema terminale | Commelinaceae | Strap-Leaf Dewflower |
| Murdannia nudiflora | Commelina nudiflora, Murdannia malabarica, Ditelesia nudiflora | Commelinaceae | Doveweed |
| Murdannia pauciflora | Phaeneilema pauciflorum | Commelinaceae | Few Flowered Dewflower |
| Murdannia semiteres | Aneilema semiteres, Dichaespermum semiteres, Murdannia paniculata | Commelinaceae | Panicled Dewflower |
| Murdannia simplex | Commelina simplex, Murdannia sinica | Commelinaceae | Large Dewflower |
| Murdannia spirata | Commelina spirata, Aneilema spiratum, Aphylax spiralis | Commelinaceae | Asiatic Dewflower |
| Murdannia striatipetala | | Commelinaceae | Striped Dewflower |
| Murdannia triquetra | Commelina triquetra, Phaeneilema triquetrum, Aneilema nutans | Commelinaceae | Tiny Dewflower |
| Murdannia versicolor | Aneilema versicolor, Phaeneilema versicolor | Commelinaceae | Changing Color Dewflower |
| Murraya paniculata | Murraya exotica | Rutaceae | Kamini |
| Musa acuminata | | Musaceae | Wild Banana |
| Musa aurantiaca | | Musaceae | Orange Banana |
| Musa chunii | | Musaceae | Chinese Purple Banana |
| Musa coccinea | Musa uranoscopos | Musaceae | Scarlet Banana |
| Musa flaviflora | | Musaceae | Yellow-Flower Banana |
| Musa itinerans | | Musaceae | Yunnan Banana |
| Musa nagensium | Musa nagensium var. hongii | Musaceae | Nagaland Banana |
| Musa rubra | Musa laterita | Musaceae | Red Ornamental Banana |
| Musa velutina | | Musaceae | Velvet Pink Banana |
| Musa x paradisiaca | Karkandela x malabarica, Musa x champa, Musa x dacca | Musaceae | Banana |
| Muscari armeniacum | | Asparagaceae | Grape Hyacinth |
| Mussaenda erythrophylla | Mussaenda splendida | Rubiaceae | Ashanti Blood |
| Mussaenda frondosa | Gardenia frondosa, Mussaenda sericea | Rubiaceae | Dhobi Tree |
| Mussaenda hirsutissima | Mussaenda frondosa var. hirsutissima | Rubiaceae | Hairiest Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda macrophylla | Mussaenda calycina, Mussaenda hispida, Mussaenda kotoensis | Rubiaceae | Round-Petal Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda 'Marmalade' | | Rubiaceae | Marmalade Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda parryorum | | Rubiaceae | Lushai Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda philippica 'Aurorae' | | Rubiaceae | White Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda philippica 'Queen Sirkit' | | Rubiaceae | Queen Sirkit Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda roxburghii | | Rubiaceae | East Himalayan Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda treutleri | Mussaenda frondosa var. grandifolia | Rubiaceae | Open-Cyme Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda wallichii | Mussaenda glabra var. wallichii, Mussaenda oblonga, Mussaenda jelinekii | Rubiaceae | Nicobar Mussaenda |
| Mycaranthes floribunda | Dendrobium floribundum, Eria paniculata, Mycaranthes paniculata | Orchidaceae | Free-Flowering Dendrobium |
| Mycetia acuminata | Lawia acuminata, Adenosacme lawii Hook.f. [Illeg.] | Rubiaceae | Tapering-Leaf Mycetia |
| Mycetia longifolia | Rondeletia longifolia, Wendlandia longifolia | Rubiaceae | Long-Leaf Mycetia |
| Mycetia mukerjiana | | Rubiaceae | East-Indian Mycetia |
| Myosotis arvensis | Myosotis annua | Boraginaceae | Field Forget-Me-Not |
| Myosotis asiatica | | Boraginaceae | Asian Forget-Me-Not |
| Myosotis stricta | Myosotis micrantha, Myosotis arenaria, Myosotis vestita | Boraginaceae | Small-Flowered Forget-Me-Not |
| Myosotis sylvatica | Myosotis amoena | Boraginaceae | Wood Forget-Me-Not |
| Myriactis nepalensis | Dichrocephala leveillei, Myriactis javanica var. diengensis | Asteraceae | Nepal Myriactis |
| Myriactis wallichii | Myriactis gmelinii, Balsamita dentata, Botryadenia gmelinii | Asteraceae | Short-Petal Myriactis |
| Myriactis wightii | Myriactis javanica, Bellis pilosa, Myriactis pilosa | Asteraceae | Long-Petal Myriactis |
| Myrica esculenta | Myrica sapida | Myricaceae | Himalayan Bayberry |
| Myricaria bracteata | Myricaria alopecuroides, Myricaria germanica var. bracteata | Tamaricaceae | Kashmir False Tamarisk |
| Myricaria elegans | Myrtama elegans, Tamaricaria elegans | Tamaricaceae | Elegant False Tamarisk |
| Myricaria rosea | Myricaria prostrata | Tamaricaceae | Rosy False Tamarisk |
| Myricaria squamosa | Myricaria hoffmeisteri, Myricaria germanica var. squamosa | Tamaricaceae | Scaly False Tamarisk |
| Myrioneuron nutans | | Rubiaceae | Drooping Nerveleaf |
| Myriophyllum oliganthum | Haloragis oligantha | Haloragaceae | Few-Flowered Watermilfoil |
| Myriophyllum tuberculatum | Myriophyllum spathulatum | Haloragaceae | Red Watermilfoil |
| Myristica beddomei | | Myristicaceae | Bitter Nutmeg |
| Myristica fragrans | Myristica aromatica, Myristica moschata, Myristica officinalis | Myristicaceae | Nutmeg |
| Myristica magnifica | Myristica fatua var magnifica | Myristicaceae | Magnificent Nutmeg |
| Myristica malabarica | | Myristicaceae | Malabar Nutmeg |
| Myroxylon balsamum | Toluifera balsamum, Myroxylon toluiferum | Fabaceae | Peru Balsam |
| Myrsine africana | | Myrsinaceae | Cape Myrtle |
| Myrsine semiserrata | Myrsine semiserrata var. brachypoda | Myrsinaceae | Blueberry Myrtle |
| Myrtus communis | | Myrtaceae | True Myrtle |
| Nandina domestica | | Berberidaceae | Sacred Bamboo |
| Nanorrhinum incanum | Kickxia incana, Linaria incana | Plantaginaceae | Hairy Toadflax |
| Nanorrhinum ramosissimum | Linaria ramosissima, Kickxia ramosissima | Plantaginaceae | Indian Toadflax |
| Narcissus incomparabilis | Narcissus sabinii, Narcissus gouanii, Narcissus aurantius | Amaryllidaceae | Nonesuch Daffodil |
| Narcissus poeticus | Narcissus ornatus, Narcissus recurvus, Narcissus majalis | Amaryllidaceae | Poet's Daffodil |
| Narcissus pseudonarcissus | | Amaryllidaceae | Wild Daffodil |
| Narcissus tazetta | | Amaryllidaceae | Nargis |
| Nardostachys jatamansi | Valeriana jatamansi D.Don, Nardostachys grandiflora, Nardostachys chinensis | Caprifoliaceae | Spikenard |
| Naregamia alata | Turraea alata, Naregamia dentata | Meliaceae | Goanese Ipecac |
| Naringi crenulata | Limonia crenulata, Hesperethusa crenulata | Rutaceae | Toothed-Leaf Limonia |
| Nasturtium officinale | Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum | Brassicaceae | Watercress |
| Natsiatum herpeticum | Sicyos pentandrus, Natsiatum tonkinense | Icacinaceae | Climbing Rough-Leaf |
| Neanotis calycina | Hedyotis calycina, Hedyotis pahompokae, Neanotis pahompokae | Rubiaceae | Large-Sepal Starviolet |
| Neanotis indica | Hedyotis leschenaultiana, Hedyotis deltoidea, Anotis leschenaultiana | Rubiaceae | Indian Starviolet |
| Neanotis lancifolia | Hedyotis lancifolia, Oldenlandia lancifolia | Rubiaceae | Starviolet |
| Neanotis montholonii | | Rubiaceae | Delta-Petal Starviolet |
| Neanotis rheedei | Hedyotis rheedei, Hedyotis racemosa, Hedyotis capillipes | Rubiaceae | Racemose Starviolet |
| Neanotis sahyadrica | | Rubiaceae | Sahyadri Neanotis |
| Neanotis subtilis | Neanotis foetida, Hedyotis foetida, Hedyotis subtilis | Rubiaceae | Foetid Starviolet |
| Nechamandra alternifolia | Lagarosiphon alternifolia, Nechamandra roxburghii | Hydrocharitaceae | Indian Oxygen-Weed |
| Neillia rubiflora | Spiraea rubiacea | Rosaceae | East Himalayan Neillia |
| Neillia thyrsiflora | Spiraea thyrsiflora | Rosaceae | White-Flowered Neillia |
| Nelsonia canescens | Justicia canescens, Justicia brunelloides, Nelsonia brunelloides | Acanthaceae | Blue Pussyleaf |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nelumbium speciosum | Nelumbonaceae | Lotus |
| Nemesia strumosa | | Scrophulariaceae | Nemesia |
| Neobrachyactis anomala | Brachyactis indica, Brachyactis anomalum, Erigeron anomalus, Brachyactis menthodora | Asteraceae | Himalayan Bracted-Fleabane |
| Neobrachyactis pubescens | Brachyactis pubescens, Brachyactis robusta, Conyza pubescens | Asteraceae | Hairy Bracted-Fleabane |
| Neobrachyactis roylei | Brachyactis roylei, Conyza roylei, Brachyactis umbrosa | Asteraceae | Shady Bracted-Fleabane |
| Neohymenopogon parasiticus | Mussaenda cuneifolia, Hymenopogon parasiticus | Rubiaceae | Parasitic Mussaenda |
| Neolamarckia cadamba | Anthocephalus cadamba, Anthocephalus indicus | Rubiaceae | Kadam |
| Neolitsea cassia | Laurus cassia, Litsea zeylanica, Neolitsea zeylanica | Lauraceae | Grey Bollywood |
| Neolitsea cuipala | Litsea cuipala, Litsea lanuginosa, Laurus cuipala | Lauraceae | Woolly Litsea |
| Neolitsea pallens | Litsea consimilis, Malapoenna pallens, Tetranthera pallens | Lauraceae | Pale Litsea |
| Neonauclea purpurea | Nauclea purpurea, Anthocephalus chinensis | Rubiaceae | Purple Neo-Cheesewood |
| Neonotonia wightii | Glycine javanica, Glycine wightii, Notonia wightii | Fabaceae | Perennial Soybean |
| Neopicrorhiza minima | | Plantaginaceae | Small Bitter-Root |
| Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora | Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora | Plantaginaceae | Figwort Bitter-Root |
| Neoregelia carolinae | Bromelia carolinae, Bromelia rhodocincta | Bromeliaceae | Blushing Bromeliad |
| Neoregelia concentrica | | Bromeliaceae | Concentric Neoregelia |
| Neottia listeroides | Neottia lindleyana, Listera lindleyana, Nidus listeroides | Orchidaceae | Listera-Like Neottia |
| Nepenthes khasiana | | Nepenthaceae | Indian Pitcher Plant |
| Nepeta cataria | | Lamiaceae | Catnip |
| Nepeta discolor | Glechoma discolor, Nepeta sabinei | Lamiaceae | Two-Color Catmint |
| Nepeta elliptica | Nepeta polystachya | Lamiaceae | Elliptic-Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta erecta | | Lamiaceae | Erect Catmint |
| Nepeta floccosa | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Catmint |
| Nepeta govaniana | Dracocephalum govanianum | Lamiaceae | Yellow Catmint |
| Nepeta graciliflora | Glechoma graciliflora | Lamiaceae | Slender Catmint |
| Nepeta hindostana | Glechoma hindostana | Lamiaceae | North Indian Catmint |
| Nepeta laevigata | Betonica laevigata, Nepeta spicata, Nepeta nuristanica | Lamiaceae | Smooth Catmint |
| Nepeta leucolaena | Nepeta royleana, Nepeta salviifolia, Nepeta stewartii | Lamiaceae | Salvia-Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta leucophylla | | Lamiaceae | White Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta linearis | Glechoma linearis | Lamiaceae | Narrow-Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta longibracteata | Glechoma longibracteata | Lamiaceae | Long-Bract Catmint |
| Nepeta nervosa | Nepeta campestris, Nepeta nervosa var. nervosa | Lamiaceae | Nerved Catmint |
| Nepeta nivalis | Glechoma nivalis, Marmoritis nivalis, Phyllophyton nivale | Lamiaceae | Alpine Catmint |
| Nepeta podostachys | | Lamiaceae | Long Stalked Catmint |
| Nepeta raphanorhiza | Glechoma raphanorhiza | Lamiaceae | Tuberous Catmint |
| Nepeta rotundifolia | Marmoritis rotundifolia, Glechoma thibetica, Nepeta thibetica | Lamiaceae | Roundleaf Catmint |
| Nephelaphyllum cordifolium | Cytheris cordifolia, Tainia cordifolia | Orchidaceae | Heart-Leaf Tainia |
| Nephelaphyllum pulchrum var. sikkimense | Nephelaphyllum sikkimensis | Orchidaceae | Sikkim Nephelaphyllum |
| Nephelium lappaceum | Scytalia ramboutan | Sapindaceae | Rambutan |
| Neptunia oleracea | Neptunia natans, Neptunia prostrata | Mimosaceae | Sensitive Water Plant |
| Neptunia triquetra | Desmanthus triquetris, Desmanthus triquetrus, Mimosa triquetra | Mimosaceae | Yellow Sensitive Plant |
| Nerium oleander | Nerium indicum, Nerium odorum | Apocynaceae | Oleander |
| Nervilia aragoana | | Orchidaceae | Aragoa-Like Nervilia |
| Nervilia infundibulifolia | Nervilia hallbergii, Nervilia calcicola | Orchidaceae | Funnel-Leaf Nervilia |
| Nervilia plicata | Nervilia discolor, Nervilia purpurea, Nervilia biflora | Orchidaceae | Pleated Leaf Nervillia |
| Nervilia simplex | Nervilia crociformis, Nervilia crispata, Nervilia bollei | Orchidaceae | Simple Nervilia |
| Nesphostylis bracteata | Dolichos bracteatus, Dolichos ghaticus, Sphenostylis bracteata | Fabaceae | Indian Nesphostylis |
| Neuracanthus sphaerostachyus | | Acanthaceae | Pin Cushion Plant |
| Neuracanthus trinervius | | Acanthaceae | Nilgonda |
| Neurocalyx calycinus | Neurocalyx wightii, Neurocalyx capitata, Neurocalyx hookerianus | Rubiaceae | Kerala Neurocalyx |
| Neurotropis platycarpa | Thlaspi kotschyanum, Thlaspi brevicaule, Thlaspi cardiocarpum | Brassicaceae | Heart-Pod Penny-Cress |
| Neustanthus phaseoloides | Dolichos phaseoloides, Pueraria phaseoloides | Fabaceae | Tropical Kudzu |
| Nicandra physalodes | Physalis spectabilis, Physalis daturifolia, Nicandra undulata | Solanaceae | Shoofly Plant |
| Nicotiana alata | | Solanaceae | Flowering Tobacco red |
| Nicotiana plumbaginifolia | | Solanaceae | Tex-Mex Tobacco |
| Nicotiana rustica | | Solanaceae | Aztec Tobacco |
| Nicotiana tabacum | Nicotiana tabaca, Nicotiana mexicana, Nicotiana chinensis | Solanaceae | Tobacco |
| Nicotiana x sanderae | | Solanaceae | Flowering Tobacco salmon |
| Nigella damascena | | Ranunculaceae | Devil-in-the-Bush |
| Nigella sativa | Nigella cretica | Ranunculaceae | Black Seed |
| Noccaea andersonii | Iberidella andersonii, Thlaspi andersonii | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Penny-Cress |
| Noccaea cochleariformis | Thlaspi cochleariforme, Draba himalayensis, Noccaea exauriculata | Brassicaceae | Alpine Penny-Cress |
| Nogra dalzellii | Grona dalzellii, Nogra simplicifolia, Grona simplicifolia | Fabaceae | Simple-Leaved Nogra |
| Nolana paradoxa | Nolana geminiflora, Nolana rupestris | Solanaceae | Chilean Bell Flower |
| Nostolachma triflorum | Nostolachma khasiana, Lachnastoma triflorum, Coffea khasiana | Rubiaceae | Khasi Coffee |
| Notholirion thomsonianum | Lilium thomsonianum, Lilium roseum, Fritillaria thomsoniana | Liliaceae | Rosy Himalayan Lily |
| Nothopegia beddomei | | Anacardiaceae | Western Ghats Top-Fruit Tree |
| Nothopegia castaneifolia | Nothopegia dalzellii, Nothopegia racemosa, Glycicarpus edulis | Anacardiaceae | Chestnutleaf Top-Fruit Tree |
| Nothopegia travancorica | | Anacardiaceae | Travancore Top-Fruit Tree |
| Nothosaerva brachiata | Amaranthus minutus, Achyranthes brachiata | Amaranthaceae | Minute Amaranth |
| Nothoscordum bivalve | | Amaryllidaceae | Crow Poison |
| Nothoscordum gracile | Allium gracile, Maligia gracilis, Milla macrostemon var. gracilis | Amaryllidaceae | False Garlic |
| Nuphar lutea | Nymphaea lutea, Nelumbo nucifera var. lutea, Nelumbo nucifera subsp. lutea | Nymphaeaceae | Yellow Pond Lily |
| Nyctanthes arbor-tristis | | Oleaceae | Har Singar |
| Nyctocereus serpentinus | Cactus serpentinus, Peniocereus serpentinus | Cactaceae | Snake Cactus |
| Nymphaea alba | Castalia alba, Nymphaea venusta, Nymphaea splendens | Nymphaeaceae | Nilofar |
| Nymphaea gigantea | Castalia gigantea, Victoria fitzroyana | Nymphaeaceae | Large Blue Water Lily |
| Nymphaea 'Lemon Mist' | | Nymphaeaceae | Lemon Mist Water Lily |
| Nymphaea 'Marliacea Chromatella' | | Nymphaeaceae | Chromatella Waterlily |
| Nymphaea mexicana | Nymphaea flava, Castalia mexicana | Nymphaeaceae | Mexican Waterlily |
| Nymphaea nouchali | Nymphaea stellata, Nymphaea cyanea, Nymphaea hookeriana | Nymphaeaceae | Blue Water Lily |
| Nymphaea 'Panama Pacific' | | Nymphaeaceae | Tropical Water Lily |
| Nymphaea pubescens | Nymphaea lotus var. pubescens, Nymphaea purpurea, Nymphaea esculenta | Nymphaeaceae | Pink Water Lily |
| Nymphaea pubescens | Nymphaea lotus var. pubescens, Nymphaea purpurea, Nymphaea esculenta | Nymphaeaceae | White Water Lily |
| Nymphaea rubra | Nymphaea rosea, Leuconymphaea rubra, Nymphaea magnifica | Nymphaeaceae | Red Water Lily |
| Nymphaea tetragona | Nymphaea pygmaea, Nymphaea crassifolia, Nymphaea esquirolii | Nymphaeaceae | Dwarf Waterlily |
| Nymphaea x khurooi | Nymphaea alba x Nymphaea odorata | Nymphaeaceae | Meghalaya Red Water Lily |
| Nymphanthus roxburghii | Phyllanthus roxburghii, Phyllanthus tetrandrus, Diasperus tetrandrus | Phyllanthaceae | Four-Stamen Leaf-Flower |
| Nymphoides hydrophylla | Nymphoides cristata, Limnanthemum cristatum, Menyanthes hydrophylla | Menyanthaceae | Crested Floatingheart |
| Nymphoides indica | Nymphoides humboldtiana, Nymphoides indicum | Menyanthaceae | Water Snowflake |
| Nymphoides peltata | Menyanthes nymphoides, Nymphoides flava, Nymphoides natans | Menyanthaceae | Yellow Floating Heart |
| Nypa fruticans | Nipa arborescens, Nipa fruticans, Cocos nypa | Arecaceae | Nipa Palm |
| Oberonia acaulis | Iridorkis myriantha, Malaxis myriantha, Malaxis sikkimensis | Orchidaceae | Stem-Less Oberonia |
| Oberonia brunoniana | Iridorchis brunoniana, Iridorkis brunoniana, Malaxis brunoniana | Orchidaceae | Red-Spike Oberonia |
| Oberonia chandrasekharanii | Oberonia rangannana | Orchidaceae | Malabar Oberonia |
| Oberonia ensiformis | Iridorkis ensiformis, Malaxis ensiformis, Oberonia trilobata | Orchidaceae | Sword-Leaf Oberonia |
| Oberonia falcata | Oberonia caudata, Oberonia pendula | Orchidaceae | Sickle-Leaf Oberonia |
| Oberonia falconeri | Oberonia calcicola, Oberonia siamensis | Orchidaceae | Limey Oberonia |
| Oberonia josephi | | Orchidaceae | Pendulous Oberonia |
| Oberonia mucronata | Stelis mucronata, Oberonia iridifolia, Malaxis denticulata | Orchidaceae | Iris Leaf Oberonia |
| Oberonia myosurus | Dendrobium myosurus, Malaxis myosurus, Iridorkis myosurus | Orchidaceae | Mousetail Oberonia |
| Oberonia pachyrachis | Iridorkis pachyrachis, Oberonia orbicularis, Iridorkis orbicularis | Orchidaceae | Thick Spine Oberonia |
| Oberonia prainiana | Oberonia brunnescens | Orchidaceae | Yellow-Spike Oberonia |
| Oberonia proudlockii | Oberonia sedgwickii | Orchidaceae | Green-Spike Oberonia |
| Oberonia pyrulifera | Iridorkis pyrulifera, Malaxis pyrulifera, Malaxis verticillata var. khasiana | Orchidaceae | Pear-Bearing Oberonia |
| Oberonia swaminathanii | | Orchidaceae | Nilgiri Oberonia |
| Oberonia tenuis | Iridorkis tenuis, Malaxis tenuis | Orchidaceae | Slender Oberonia |
| Oberonia verticillata | Iridorchis verticillata, Malaxis verticillata, Iridorkis verticillata | Orchidaceae | Whorled Oberonia |
| Oberonia wightiana | Oberonia arnottiana, Oberonia stachyoides, Iridorchis wightiana | Orchidaceae | Narrow-Spike Oberonia |
| Ochna obtusata | Ochna squarrosa | Ochnaceae | Ramdhan Champa |
| Ochrosia oppositifolia | Ochrosia parviflora, Ochrosia cowleyi, Cerbera oppositifolia | Apocynaceae | Twin Apple |
| Ocimum americanum | Ocimum canum Sims, Ocimum album, Ocimum thymoides | Lamiaceae | Hoary Basil |
| Ocimum basilicum | Ocimum nigrum, Ocimum thyrsiflorum | Lamiaceae | Basil |
| Ocimum filamentosum | Ocimum cristatum, Ocimum indicum, Ocimum exsul | Lamiaceae | Long-Stamen Basil |
| Ocimum gratissimum | Ocimum suave, Ocimum viride, Ocimum viridiflorum | Lamiaceae | Ram Tulsi |
| Ocimum kilimandscharicum | Ocimum tortuosum, Ocimum johnstonii | Lamiaceae | Camphor Basil |
| Ocimum tenuiflorum | Ocimum sanctum | Lamiaceae | Tulsi |
| Ocimum x africanum | Ocimum americanum var. pilosum, Ocimum basilicum var. pilosum | Lamiaceae | Lemon Basil |
| Odontochilus crispus | Anoectochilus crispus, Cystopus crispus | Orchidaceae | Crisped Toothed-Lip Orchid |
| Odontochilus elwesii | Anoectochilus elwesii, Cystopus elwesii, Odontochilus purpureus | Orchidaceae | Elwes Toothed-Lip Orchid |
| Odontochilus grandiflorus | Anoectochilus grandiflorus, Cystopus grandiflorus | Orchidaceae | Large-Flowered Toothed-Lip Orchid |
| Odontochilus lanceolatus | Anoectochilus lanceolatus, Cystopus lanceolatus | Orchidaceae | Lanceleaf Toothed-Lip Orchid |
| Odontonema tubaeforme | Odontonema strictum, Odontonema longifolium, Justicia tubaeformis | Acanthaceae | Firespike |
| Oenanthe javanica | Falcaria javanica, Sium javanicum, Dasyloma javanicum | Apiaceae | Java Water Dropwort |
| Oenanthe linearis | Oenanthe javanica subsp. linearis, Oenanthe sinensis | Apiaceae | Water Dropwort |
| Oenanthe thomsonii | | Apiaceae | East-Himalayan Water Dropwort |
| Oenothera glazioviana | Oenothera multiflora, Oenothera candicans | Onagraceae | Large-Flower Evening Primrose |
| Oenothera laciniata | Oenothera sinuata, Oenothera viscosa, Oenothera repanda | Onagraceae | Cutleaf Evening Primrose |
| Oenothera rosea | | Onagraceae | Pink Evening Primrose |
| Oenothera speciosa | Oenothera webbiana, Oenothera obtusifolia | Onagraceae | Showy Evening Primrose |
| Olax imbricata | Olax wightiana, Ximenia olacoides | Olacaceae | South Asian Olax |
| Olax nana | | Olacaceae | Dwarf Olax |
| Olax scandens | Fissilia psittacorum, Olax psittacorum Vahl | Olacaceae | Parrot Olax |
| Oldenlandia affinis | Hedyotis affinis, Oldenlandia linearifolia | Rubiaceae | Blue Diamond Flower |
| Oldenlandia corymbosa | Hedyotis corymbosa | Rubiaceae | Corymb Diamond Flower |
| Oldenlandia herbacea | Hedyotis herbacea | Rubiaceae | Slender Diamond Flower |
| Oldenlandia pumila | Hedyotis pumila, Oldenlandia crystallina | Rubiaceae | Dwarf Diamond Flower |
| Oldenlandia umbellata | Hedyotis indica, Hedyotis wightii, Oldenlandia wightii | Rubiaceae | Chay Root |
| Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata | Olea cuspidata, Olea monticola, Olea asiatica | Oleaceae | Brown Olive |
| Olea paniculata | Olea bournei, Olea glandulifera, Olea glandulosa | Oleaceae | Native Olive |
| Oligochaeta divaricata | Oligochaeta ramosa, Amberboa ramosa, Carduus ramosus | Asteraceae | Branched Sweet-Sultan |
| Olimarabidopsis pumila | Arabidopsis pumila | Brassicaceae | Dwarf Rocket |
| Oncidium flexuosum | | Orchidaceae | Dancing Doll Orchid |
| Oncidium 'Goldiana' | | Orchidaceae | Oncidium Goldiana |
| Oncidium sphacelatum | Kandyan dancer | Orchidaceae | Popcorn Orchid |
| Oncoba spinosa | | Salicaceae | Fried Egg Tree |
| Onopordum acanthium | | Asteraceae | Cotton Thistle |
| Onosma bracteata | Onosma macrocephala, Maharanga bracteata | Boraginaceae | Bracted Onosma |
| Onosma hispida | | Boraginaceae | Bristly Onosma |
| Onosma hypoleuca | | Boraginaceae | Blue Onosma |
| Operculina turpethum | Merremia turpethum, Ipomoea turpethum | Convolvulaceae | Transparent Wood Rose |
| Operculina ventricosa | Operculina tansaensis, Ipomoea saundersiana, Ipomoea ventricosa | Convolvulaceae | Ventricose Morning Glory |
| Ophiopogon clarkei | Mondo dracaenoides var. clarkei | Asparagaceae | East-Himalayan Lily Turf |
| Ophiopogon intermedius | | Asparagaceae | Himalayan Lily Turf |
| Ophiopogon jaburan | | Asparagaceae | Giant Lily Turf |
| Ophiorrhiza fasciculata | Ophiorrhiza bracteolata, Virecta fasciculata, Virecta suffruticosa | Rubiaceae | Fascicled-Flower Snake-Root |
| Ophiorrhiza mungos | Ophiorrhiza ostindica | Rubiaceae | Mongoose Plant |
| Ophiorrhiza nutans | | Rubiaceae | Nodding Snake Root |
| Ophiorrhiza pectinata | Ophiorrhiza falcata, Ophiorrhiza imbricata | Rubiaceae | Comb Snake Root |
| Ophiorrhiza roxburghiana | | Rubiaceae | Kerala Snake Root |
| Ophiorrhiza rugosa | Ophiorrhiza harrisiana var. rugosa, Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. prostrata | Rubiaceae | Wrinkled-Leaf Snake Root |
| Opilia amentacea | Opilia fragrans, Opilia javanica, Opilia tomentella, Opilia angiensis | Opiliaceae | Fragrant Opilia |
| Oplismenus burmanni | | Poaceae Panicum burmanni, Orthopogon burmanni, Hippagrostis burmanni | Wavy-Leaf Basketgrass |
| Oplismenus compositus | Panicum setarium, Panicum lanceolatum, Oplismenus indicus | Poaceae | Running Mountain Grass |
| Oplismenus undulatifolius | Panicum undulatifolium, Orthopogon undulatus | Poaceae | Wavyleaf Basketgrass |
| Opuntia cochenillifera | Nopalea cochenillifera, Cactus cochenillifer | Cactaceae | Cochineal Cactus |
| Opuntia elatior | Opuntia nigricans | Cactaceae | Prickly Pear |
| Opuntia macrorhiza | Opuntia delicata, Opuntia ballii, Opuntia tenuispina | Cactaceae | Delicate Prickly Pear |
| Opuntia monacanthos | Opuntia monacantha, Cactus indicus, Opuntia deflexa | Cactaceae | Drooping Prickly Pear |
| Opuntia stricta | Cactus chinensis, Cactus indicus, Opuntia dillenii | Cactaceae | Erect Prickly Pear |
| Opuntia tomentosa | | Cactaceae | Woollyjoint Pricklypear |
| Orbea carnosa subsp. keithii | Pachycymbium keithii, Caralluma keithii | Apocynaceae | Keith's Orbea |
| Orbea dummeri | Caralluma dummeri, Ceropegia dummeri, Stapelia dummeri | Apocynaceae | Green Orbea |
| Orbea semota | Orbea semota var. lutea | Apocynaceae | Yellow Orbea |
| Orbivestus cinerascens | Vernonia cinerascens, Vernonia luederitziana, Vernonia tephrodoides | Asteraceae | Grey Vernonia |
| Oreocnide frutescens subsp. occidentalis | | Urticaceae | Himalayan Woody Rhea |
| Oreocnide integrifolia | Villebrunea integrifolia | Urticaceae | Wild Rhea |
| Oreocome candollei | Cortia candollei, Selinum candollei, Angelica candollei | Apiaceae | Himalayan Milk Parsley |
| Oreorchis indica | Corallorhiza indica, Oreorchis foliosa var. indica | Orchidaceae | Indian Oreorchis |
| Oreorchis micrantha | Oreorchis rolfei | Orchidaceae | Small Flowered Oreorchis |
| Oreoseris gossypina | Gerbera gossypina, Gerbera pusilla, Gerbera serotina | Asteraceae | Hairy Gerbera Daisy |
| Oreoseris maxima | Gerbera maxima, Chaptalia maxima, Gerbera nepalensis | Asteraceae | Large Himalayan Gerbera |
| Oreoseris nivea | Gerbera nivea, Arnica nivea, Perdicium niveum | Asteraceae | Alpine Gerbera Daisy |
| Origanum majorana | Majorana hortensis, Majorana fragrans, Thymus majorana | Lamiaceae | Marjoram |
| Origanum vulgare | Origanum creticum, Origanum officinale, Origanum orientale | Lamiaceae | Oregano |
| Ormocarpum sennoides | Hedysarum sennoides, Ormocarpum cochinchinense | Fabaceae | South Indian Caterpillar Bush |
| Ormosia robusta | Arillaria robusta, Placolobium robustum | Fabaceae | Robust Bead Tree |
| Ornithochilus difformis | Aerides difformis, Sarcochilus difformis, Trichoglottis diformis | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Bird-Lip Orchid |
| Ornithogalum thyrsoides | | Asparagaceae | Chincherinchee |
| Ornithogalum umbellatum | Hyacinthus umbellatus, Stellaris corymbosa | Asparagaceae | European Starflower |
| Orobanche aegyptiaca | Orobanche indica, Orobanche longiflora, Orobanche aemula | Orobanchaceae | Egyptian Broomrape |
| Orobanche alba | Orobanche epithymum | Orobanchaceae | Thyme Broomrape |
| Orobanche cernua | Orobanche bicolor, Orobanche sarmatica | Orobanchaceae | Nodding Broomrape |
| Orobanche cumana | Orobanche cernua subsp. cumana | Orobanchaceae | Sunflower Broomrape |
| Orobanche hansii | | Orobanchaceae | Lahaul Broomrape |
| Oropetium thomaeum | Nardus thomaea, Rottboellia thomaea | Poaceae | St Thomas Mount Rockgrass |
| Oropetium villosulum | | Poaceae | Hairy Rockgrass |
| Orophea hexandra | Bocagea hexandra, Bocagea javensis | Annonaceae | Andaman Orophea |
| Orophea malabarica | | Annonaceae | Malabar Orophea |
| Orophea uniflora | | Annonaceae | Single-Flowered Orophea |
| Orostachys japonica | Sedum japonicola, Orostachys erubescens, Cotyledon japonica | Crassulaceae | Rock Pine |
| Oroxylum indicum | Bignonia indica, Calosanthes indica | Bignoniaceae | Broken Bones Tree |
| Orthosiphon aristatus | Clerodendrum spicatum, Orthosiphon spiralis, Orthosiphon stamineus | Lamiaceae | Cat's Whiskers |
| Orthosiphon pallidus | | Lamiaceae | Pale Java Tea |
| Orthosiphon rubicundus | Ocimum tuberosum, Plectranthus rubicundus | Lamiaceae | Red Java Tea |
| Orthosiphon thymiflorus | Orthosiphon roseus, Orthosiphon sinensis, Orthosiphon viscosus | Lamiaceae | Thyme Java Tea |
| Oryza coarctata | Porteresia coarctata, Indoryza coarctata, Sclerophyllum coarctatum | Poaceae | Mangrove Wild Rice |
| Oryza meyeriana | Padia meyeriana, Oryza filiformis, Oryza granulata, Oryza triandra | Poaceae | South-Asian Wild Rice |
| Oryza rufipogon | Oryza cubensis, Oryza aquatica, Oryza fatua | Poaceae | Red Rice |
| Oryza sativa | | Poaceae | Rice |
| Osbeckia brachystemon | Osbeckia cupularis, Osbeckia coronata, Osbeckia leschenaultiana Dalz. & Gibs. | Melastomataceae | Cup-Shaped Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia crinita | Osbeckia stellata var. crinita, Osbeckia robusta | Melastomataceae | Hairy Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia gracilis | Osbeckia lineolata, Osbeckia sublaevis | Melastomataceae | Slender Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia muralis | Osbeckia truncata var. kurzii, Osbeckia zeylanica Steud. ex Naud. | Melastomataceae | Wall Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia nayarii | Ceramicalyx pulchellus | Melastomataceae | Long-Stamen Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia nepalensis | Osbeckia chulesis, Melastoma napalense | Melastomataceae | Nepal Pink Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia nepalensis var. albiflora | Osbeckia speciosa | Melastomataceae | Nepal White Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia parvifolia | | Melastomataceae | Small-Leaf Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia reticulata | | Melastomataceae | Giant Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia stellata | Osbeckia sikkimensis, Osbeckia pulchra, Osbeckia rostrata | Melastomataceae | Starry Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia virgata | Melastoma glomeratum, Osbeckia saxatilis | Melastomataceae | Rock Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia zeylanica | Osbeckia debilis, Osbeckia serialis, Osbeckia zeylanica var. non-rostrata | Melastomataceae | Ceylon Osbeckia |
| Osmanthus fragrans | Olea fragrans var. lutea, Olea ovalis | Oleaceae | Fragrant Olive |
| Osmoxylon lineare | Boerlagiodendron lineare | Araliaceae | Green Aralia |
| Osteospermum ecklonis | Dimorphotheca ecklonis | Asteraceae | Deep Purple African Daisy |
| Ostodes paniculata | Ostodes corniculata, Ostodes prainii | Euphorbiaceae | Panicled Bone-Tree |
| Osyris lanceolata | Osyris quadripartita, Osyris wightiana, Osyris arborea | Santalaceae | Wild Tea |
| Othonna capensis | Othonna crassifolia | Asteraceae | Little Pickles Ice Plant |
| Ototropis elegans | Desmodium elegans, Hedysarum nutans | Fabaceae | Elegant Desmodium |
| Ototropis multiflora | Desmodium multiflorum, Desmodium nepalense, Desmodium floribundum | Fabaceae | Many-Flowered Desmodium |
| Ottelia alismoides | Stratiotes alismoides, Ottelia indica | Hydrocharitaceae | Duck Lettuce |
| Ougeinia oojeinensis | Dalbergia oojeinensis, Desmodium oojeinense, Ougeinia dalbergioides | Fabaceae | Ujjain Desmodium Tree |
| Ouret lanata | Aerva elegans, Illecebrum lanatum, Aerva lanata | Amaranthaceae | Mountain Knot Grass |
| Ouret sanguinolenta | Achyranthes sanguinolenta, Aerva sanguinolenta, Aerva scandens | Amaranthaceae | Climbing Wool-Plant |
| Oxalis corniculata | Oxalis repens | Oxalidaceae | Creeping Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis debilis | Oxalis corymbosa, Oxalis grandifolia, Oxalis umbrosa | Oxalidaceae | Large-Flowered Pink Sorrel |
| Oxalis dehradunensis | Oxalis intermedia A.Rich., Oxalis richardiana | Oxalidaceae | Dehradun Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis hedysaroides 'Rubra' | | Oxalidaceae | Fire Fern |
| Oxalis latifolia | Oxalis mauritiana, Oxalis calcaria, Oxalis lilacina, Oxalis binervis | Oxalidaceae | Broadleaf Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis pes-caprae | Oxalis burmannii, Oxalis cernua | Oxalidaceae | Bermuda Buttercup |
| Oxalis purpurea | Oxalis variabilis | Oxalidaceae | Purple Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis tetraphylla | Oxalis esculenta, Oxalis deppei, Oxalis pseudotetraphylla | Oxalidaceae | Lucky Clover |
| Oxalis triangularis | Acetosella triangularis | Oxalidaceae | Purple Shamrock |
| Oxybasis glauca | Chenopodium glaucum, Botrys glaucus, Orthospermum glaucum | Amaranthaceae | Oak-Leaf Goosefoot |
| Oxyceros rugulosus | Randia rugulosa | Rubiaceae | Climbing Randia |
| Oxygonum sinuatum | Oxygonum elongatum, Ceratogonon sinuatum | Polygonaceae | Wavy-Leaf Oxygonum |
| Oxygraphis delavayi | | Ranunculaceae | Delavay Oxygraphis |
| Oxygraphis endlicheri | Oxygraphis polypetala, Ranunculus royleanus, Ranunculus polypetalus | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Oxygraphis |
| Oxyria digyna | Rumex digynus, Rheum digynum, Oxyria reniformis | Polygonaceae | Mountain Sorrel |
| Oxyspora paniculata | Arthrostemma paniculatum, Sonerila cavaleriei | Melastomataceae | Bristletips |
| Oxyspora vagans | Melastoma vagans, Oxyspora paniculata var. vagans | Melastomataceae | Wandering Oxyspora |
| Oxystelma esculentum | Asclepias rosea, Oxystelma wallichii, Oxystelma alpini | Apocynaceae | Rosy Milkweed Vine |
| Oxytropis cachemiriana | | Fabaceae | Kashmir Locoweed |
| Oxytropis humifusa | Oxytropis lapponica var. humifusa, Oxytropis glacialis | Fabaceae | Sprawling Locoweed |
| Oxytropis hypoglottoides | Astragalus hypoglottoides | Fabaceae | Hypoglottis Locoweed |
| Oxytropis lapponica | Astragalus lapponicus | Fabaceae | Burr Locoweed |
| Oxytropis microphylla | Phaca microphylla, Astragalus microphyllus | Fabaceae | Small Leaved Locoweed |
| Oxytropis mollis | Oxytropis thomsonii | Fabaceae | Soft Locoweed |
| Oxytropis pusilla | | Fabaceae | Tiny Locoweed |
| Oxytropis tatarica | | Fabaceae | Tartary Locoweed |
| Pachira aquatica | Pachira grandiflora | Malvaceae | Malabar Chestnut |
| Pachira glabra | Bombax glabrum, Bombax oleagineum | Malvaceae | Saba Nut |
| Pachygone laurifolia | Cocculus laurifolius, Cinnamomum esquirolii | Menispermaceae | Laurel-Leaved Snail Tree |
| Pachypodium lamerei | | Apocynaceae | Madagascar Palm |
| Pachypodium lealii | | Apocynaceae | Bottle Tree |
| Pachystachys lutea | Justicia lutea | Acanthaceae | Golden Shrimp Plant |
| Pachystachys spicata | Justicia spicata, Pachystachys coccinea, Pachystachys riedeliana | Acanthaceae | Cardinal's Guard |
| Pachystoma pubescens | Pachystoma chinense, Pachystoma edgworthii, Pachystoma gracile | Orchidaceae | Pink Thicklip Orchid |
| Paederia foetida | Paederia scandens, Gentiana scandens, Paederia magnifica, Paederia tomentosa | Rubiaceae | Skunk Vine |
| Paeonia emodi | | Paeoniaceae | Himalayan Peony |
| Paeonia officinalis 'Rosea Plena' | | Paeoniaceae | Rose Peony |
| Paeonia officinalis | | Paeoniaceae | Common Peony |
| Paeonia x suffruticosa | Paeonia x chinensis, Paeonia x moutan, Paeonia x arborea | Paeoniaceae | Tree Peony |
| Pajanelia longifolia | Bignonia longifolia, Bignonia macrostachya, Bignonia pajanelia | Bignoniaceae | Pajanelia |
| Panax arunachalensis | | Araliaceae | Arunachal Panax |
| Panax sokpayensis | | Vitaceae | Sopakha Panax |
| Pancratium longiflorum | Pancratium cambayense | Amaryllidaceae | Long Flowered Spider Lily |
| Pancratium parvum | | Amaryllidaceae | Short-Stamen Forest Spider Lily |
| Pancratium triflorum | | Amaryllidaceae | Forest Spider Lily |
| Pancratium zeylanicum | Pancratium uniflorum, Pancratium tiariflorum | Amaryllidaceae | Rain Flower |
| Pandanus amaryllifolius | Pandanus hasskarlii, Pandanus latifolius, Pandanus odorus | Pandanaceae | Basmati Plant |
| Pandanus furcatus | Pandanus nepalensis, Pandanus furcatus var. indica | Pandanaceae | Himalayan Screw Pine |
| Pandanus odorifer | Keura odorifera, Pandanus odoratissimus, Pandanus fascicularis | Pandanaceae | Kewda |
| Pandanus unipapillatus | Pandanus canaranus | Pandanaceae | Kanara Pandan |
| Pandorea jasminoides | | Bignoniaceae | Bower Vine |
| Panicum antidotale | Panicum miliare, Panicum proliferum | Poaceae | Blue Panicgrass |
| Panicum turgidum | Panicum frutescens, Panicum minutiflorum, Panicum neglectum | Poaceae | Desert Grass |
| Panisea uniflora | Coelogyne uniflora, Pleione uniflora, Coelogyne biflora | Orchidaceae | One-Flowered Panisea |
| Papaver bracteatum | Calomecon bracteatum | Papaveraceae | Iranian Poppy |
| Papaver dubium | Papaver modestum, Papaver hirtodubium, Papaver obtusifolium | Papaveraceae | Long-Head Poppy |
| Papaver macrostomum | | Papaveraceae | Large-Mouth Poppy |
| Papaver nudicaule | Oreomecon nudicaulis | Papaveraceae | Iceland Poppy |
| Papaver orientale | Papaver grandiflorum, Papaver spectabile, Papaver monanthum | Papaveraceae | Oriental Poppy |
| Papaver rhoeas | Papaver arvense, Papaver dubium var. stipitatum | Papaveraceae | Common Poppy |
| Papaver somniferum | | Papaveraceae | Opium Poppy |
| Paphiopedilum concolor | Cordula concolor, Cypripedium concolor | Orchidaceae | Yellow Slipper Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum fairrieanum | Cypripedium fairrieanum, Cypripedium assamicum | Orchidaceae | Crown Wand Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum | | Orchidaceae | Lady's Slipper Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum insigne | Cypripedium insigne, Paphiopedilum macfarlanei, Cordula insignis | Orchidaceae | Splendid Slipper Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum primulinum | Paphiopedilum chamberlainianum var. primulinum | Orchidaceae | Primrose-Yellow Slipper Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum spicerianum | Cypripedium spicerianum, Cordula spiceriana | Orchidaceae | White-Hood Slipper Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum venustum | Cypripedium venustum, Cordula venusta, Paphiopedilum pardinum | Orchidaceae | Charming Slipper Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum villosum | Cordula villosa, Cypripedium villosum | Orchidaceae | Hairy Slipper Orchid |
| Paphiopedilum wardii | Cypripedium vernayi, Paphiopedilum brevilabium | Orchidaceae | Short-Lip Slipper Orchid |
| Papilionanthe biswasiana | Aerides biswasiana | Orchidaceae | Biswasi Butterfly Orchid |
| Papilionanthe subulata | Papilionanthe cylindrica Seidenf., Aerides cylindrica, Limodorum subulatum | Orchidaceae | Butterfly Orchid |
| Papilionanthe teres f. candida | Vanda teres f. candida | Orchidaceae | White Cylindrical Vanda |
| Papilionanthe teres | Vanda teres | Orchidaceae | Cylindrical Vanda |
| Papilionanthe uniflora | Aerides uniflora, Luisia uniflora, Mesoclastes uniflora | Orchidaceae | Single-Flowered Butterfly Orchid |
| Papilionanthe vandarum | Aerides vandarum, Vanda vandarum | Orchidaceae | Vanda-Like Butterfly Orchid |
| Paracalyx scariosus | Cylista scariosa | Fabaceae | Indian Husk-Pea |
| Paracroton integrifolius | Ostodes integrifolius, Fahrenheitia integrifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Entire-Leaf Paracroton |
| Paracroton pendulus subsp. zeylanicus | Desmostemon zeylanicus, Fahrenheitia zeylanica, Ostodes zeylanica | Euphorbiaceae | Ceylon Paracroton |
| Parameria laevigata | Echites barbatus, | Apocynaceae | Smooth Parameria |
| Paramignya andamanica | | Rutaceae | Andaman Climbing Orange |
| Paramignya monophylla | Atalantia correae, Atalantia scandens | Rutaceae | Climbing Atalantia |
| Paraquilegia gangotriana | Paraquilegia microphylla sensu J.R.Drumm. & Hutch. | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Spurless Columbine |
| Parasenecio quinquelobus | Senecio duthiei, Prenanthes quinqueloba, Cacalia quinqueloba | Asteraceae | Ivy-Leaf Senecio |
| Parasopubia delphinifolia | Sopubia delphinifolia, Gerardia delphinifolia, Parasopubia delphiniifolia | Orobanchaceae | Common Sopubia |
| Parietaria debilis | Parietaria gracilis, Freirea erecta, Parietaria micrantha | Urticaceae | Pellitory |
| Parishia insignis | Parishia rosea, Parishia pubescens, Parishia lowei | Anacardiaceae | Red Dhup |
| Paris polyphylla | | Melanthiaceae | Himalayan Paris |
| Parkia biglandulosa | | Mimosaceae | Badminton Ball Tree |
| Parkia timoriana | Parkia javanica, Parkia roxburghii | Mimosaceae | Tree Bean |
| Parkinsonia aculeata | | Fabaceae | Jerusalem Thorn |
| Parmentiera cereifera | Parmentiera edulis, Crescentia aculeata | Bignoniaceae | Candle Tree |
| Parnassia mysorensis | Parnassia mysorensis var. mysorensis | Celastraceae | Mysore Bog Star |
| Parnassia nubicola | Parnassia tibetana, Parnassia cordata, Parnassia nubicola subsp. occidentalis | Celastraceae | Himalayan Bog Star |
| Parochetus communis | | Fabaceae | Blue Oxalis |
| Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana | Parrotia jacquemontiana | Hamamelidaceae | Parrotia |
| Parsonsia alboflavescens | Parsonsia spiralis | Apocynaceae | Spiral-Vined Silkpod |
| Parthenium hysterophorus | | Asteraceae | Carrot Grass |
| Parthenocissus quinquefolia | | Vitaceae | Virginia Creeper |
| Parthenocissus semicordata | Vitis himalayana, Parthenocissus himalayana, Psedera himalayana | Vitaceae | Himalayan Woodbine |
| Parthenocissus tricuspidata | | Vitaceae | Japanese Ivy |
| Paspalidium flavidum | Panicum flavidum, Setaria flavida | Poaceae | Yellow Watercrown Grass |
| Paspalum canarae | Panicum canarae, Paspalum costatum, Paspalum miliaria | Poaceae | Canara Paspalum |
| Paspalum dilatatum | Paspalum ovatum, Digitaria dilatata, Panicum platense | Poaceae | Dallis Grass |
| Paspalum distichum | Paspalum digitaria, Panicum digitaria, Digitaria disticha | Poaceae | Knotgrass |
| Paspalum scrobiculatum | Paspalum serpens, Paspalum virgatum | Poaceae | Kodo Millet |
| Passiflora caerulea | | Passifloraceae | Blue Passion Flower |
| Passiflora coccinea | | Passifloraceae | Red Passion Flower |
| Passiflora edulis | Passiflora incarnata, Passiflora rubricaulis | Passifloraceae | Passion Fruit |
| Passiflora foetida var. ellisonii | | Passifloraceae | White Love in a Mist |
| Passiflora holosericea | Passiflora tuxtlensis, Passiflora reticulata, Decaloba holosericea | Passifloraceae | Silky Passion Flower |
| Passiflora 'Lady Margaret' | | Passifloraceae | Lady Margaret Passion Flower |
| Passiflora leschenaultii | Decaloba leschenaultii, Bryonia tricuspidata | Passifloraceae | Moon-Leaf Passion Flower |
| Passiflora morifolia | Passiflora weberiana, Passiflora erosa, Passiflora heydei | Passifloraceae | Woodland Passion Flower |
| Passiflora ‘Soi Fah’ | | Passifloraceae | Soi Fah Passion Flower |
| Passiflora suberosa | | Passifloraceae | Corky Passion Flower |
| Passiflora subpeltata | Passiflora alba | Passifloraceae | White Passion Flower |
| Passiflora tarminiana | | Passifloraceae | Banana Passion Flower |
| Passiflora vesicaria var. vesicaria | Passiflora foetida var. glabrifolia, Passiflora foetida var. hispida | Passifloraceae | Love in a Mist |
| Passiflora vitifolia | | Passifloraceae | Perfumed Passion Flower |
| Passiflora x violacea | | Passifloraceae | Violet Passion Flower |
| Pastinaca sativa | Pastinaca sylvestris | Apiaceae | Parsnip |
| Pauldopia ghorta | Bignonia ghorta, Stereospermum ghorta, Tecoma bipinnata | Bignoniaceae | Pauldopia |
| Paulownia fortunei | Paulownia duclouxii, Paulownia meridionalis, Paulownia mikado | Paulowniaceae | Foxglove Tree |
| Paulownia tomentosa | | Paulowniaceae | Empress Tree |
| Pavetta capensis | Crinita capensis | Rubiaceae | Cape Bride's Bush |
| Pavetta indica | Pavetta alba, Pavetta obtusa, Ixora indica | Rubiaceae | Indian Pavetta |
| Pavetta siphonantha | Pavetta hispidula var. siphonantha | Rubiaceae | Tubeflower Pavetta |
| Pavetta tomentosa | Ixora tomentosa, Pavetta indica var. tomentosa | Rubiaceae | Woolly Pavetta |
| Pavonia arabica | Hibiscus microphyllus, Pavonia glandulosa, Hibiscus flavus | Malvaceae | Arabian Swamp Mallow |
| Pavonia odorata | | Malvaceae | Fragrant Swamp Mallow |
| Pavonia procumbens | Pavonia glechomifolia, Pavonia coxii | Malvaceae | Pennyroyal Swamp Mallow |
| Pavonia zeylanica | | Malvaceae | Ceylon Swamp Mallow |
| Pecteilis gigantea | Habenaria gigantea, Orchis gigantea, Platanthera gigantea | Orchidaceae | Giant Egret Flower |
| Pecteilis susannae | Habenaria susannae, Orchis susannae, Platanthera susannae | Orchidaceae | East-Asian Egret Flower |
| Pecteilis triflora | Habenaria triflora, Habenaria uniflora, Pecteilis candida | Orchidaceae | Three Flowered Egret Orchid |
| Pedalium murex | | Pedaliaceae | Bara Gokhru |
| Pedicularis albida | Pedicularis cheilanthifolia var. albida | Orobanchaceae | White Lousewort |
| Pedicularis bicornuta | | Orobanchaceae | Horned Lousewort |
| Pedicularis bifida | | Orobanchaceae | Entire Leaf Lousewort |
| Pedicularis cheilanthifolia | | Orobanchaceae | Long-Neck Lousewort |
| Pedicularis gracilis | | Orobanchaceae | Slender Lousewort |
| Pedicularis hoffmeisteri | Pedicularis megalantha var. hoffmeisteri | Orobanchaceae | Yellow Hooded Lousewort |
| Pedicularis khoiyangii | | Orobanchaceae | Tawang Lousewort |
| Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis | | Orobanchaceae | Long Tube Lousewort |
| Pedicularis megalantha | | Orobanchaceae | Large-Flower Lousewort |
| Pedicularis mollis | | Orobanchaceae | Soft Lousewort |
| Pedicularis oederi | | Orobanchaceae | Crimson-Tip Lousewort |
| Pedicularis pantlingii | | Orobanchaceae | Pale Himalayan Lousewort |
| Pedicularis pectinata | | Orobanchaceae | Comb-Leaf Lousewort |
| Pedicularis porrecta | | Orobanchaceae | Paired Flower Lousewort |
| Pedicularis punctata | | Orobanchaceae | Kashmir Lousewort |
| Pedicularis rhinanthoides | | Orobanchaceae | Rattle Lousewort |
| Pedicularis roylei | | Orobanchaceae | Palette Lousewort |
| Pedicularis siphonantha | | Orobanchaceae | Tube Lousewort |
| Pedicularis tenuirostris | | Orobanchaceae | Slender-Beak Lousewort |
| Pedicularis trichoglossa | | Orobanchaceae | Hairy-Tongue Lousewort |
| Pedicularis zeylanica | | Orobanchaceae | Ceylon Lousewort |
| Pedilanthus tithymaloides | | Euphorbiaceae | Devil's Backbone |
| Peganum harmala | Peganum dauricum | Zygophyllaceae | Harmal |
| Pelargonium × domesticum | | Geraniaceae | Regal Pelargonium |
| Pelargonium graveolens | | Geraniaceae | Rose-Scented Geranium |
| Pelargonium peltatum | Pelargonium lateripes | Geraniaceae | Ivy-Leaf Geranium |
| Pelargonium x hybridum | Pelargonium x hortorum, Pelargonium x roseum | Geraniaceae | Zonal Geranium |
| Pelatantheria insectifera | | Orchidaceae | Insect-Bearing Pelatanthera |
| Pelecyphora aselliformis | Mammillaria aselliformis, Anhalonium aselliforme, Ariocarpus aselliformis | Cactaceae | Hatchet Cactus |
| Peliosanthes ligniradicis | | Asparagaceae | Woody-Root Dark-Flower |
| Peliosanthes macrophylla var. assamensis | | Asparagaceae | Assam Dark-Flower |
| Peliosanthes macrophylla var. macrophylla | | Asparagaceae | Large-Leaf Dark-Flower |
| Peliosanthes teta | Teta viridiflora, Peliosanthes graminea, Peliosanthes minor | Asparagaceae | Blueberry Dark-Flower |
| Peltophorum africanum | | Caesalpiniaceae | African Wattle |
| Peltophorum dubium | Peltophorum vogelianum, Caesalpinia dubia, Brasilettia dubia | Caesalpiniaceae | Yellow Poinciana |
| Peltophorum pterocarpum | Caesalpinia inermis, Caesalpinia arborea | Caesalpiniaceae | Copperpod |
| Pemphis acidula | Lythrum pemphis, Melanium fruticosum | Lythraceae | Pemphis |
| Pennisetum flaccidum | | Poaceae | Himalayan Fountain Grass |
| Pennisetum hohenackeri | Pennisetum alopecuros, Gymnotrix cenchroides | Poaceae | Fountain Grass |
| Pennisetum polystachion | Pennisetum setosum, Panicum polystachion, Cenchrus polystachios | Poaceae | Mission Grass |
| Penstemon hartwegii | Penstemon puniceus, Penstemon giganteus | Plantaginaceae | Scarlet Beard-Tongue |
| Pentalinon luteum | Urechites luteus, Echites obovatus, Urechites jaegeri | Apocynaceae | Wild Allamanda |
| Pentanema orientale | Inula orientalis, Helenium orientale, Inula glandulosa | Asteraceae | Oriental Inula |
| Pentapetes phoenicea | | Malvaceae | Midday Flower |
| Pentasacme caudatum | Pentasacme championii, Spiladocorys angustifolia, Pentasachme caudatum | Apocynaceae | Narrow-Petal Pentasachme |
| Pentasacme wallichii | Pentasachme wallichii | Apocynaceae | Tailed-Leaf Pentasachme |
| Pentas lanceolata | Mussaenda aegyptiaca, Mussaenda lanceolata | Rubiaceae | Star Cluster |
| Pentatropis capensis | Pentatropis microphylla, Asclepias microphylla, Cynanchum capense | Apocynaceae | Small-Leaf Milkweed |
| Pentatropis nivalis | Asclepias nivalis, Pentatropis fasciculata, Pentatropis rigida | Apocynaceae | White Milkweed |
| Peperomia argyreia | Peperomia sandersii | Piperaceae | Watermelon Pepper |
| Peperomia caperata | | Piperaceae | Peperomia |
| Peperomia clusiifolia | Peperomia cuneifolia, Piper clusiifolium | Piperaceae | Clusia-Leaf Pepper |
| Peperomia leptostachya | Peperomia blanda var. leptostachya, Peperomia candollei | Piperaceae | Slender-Spike Peperomia |
| Peperomia obtusifolia | Peperomia antoni, Peperomia commutata, Peperomia lunana | Piperaceae | Baby Rubberplant |
| Peperomia pellucida | Peperomia exigua, Peperomia translucens, Piper pellicudum | Piperaceae | Shiny Bush |
| Peperomia tetraphylla | Piper tetraphyllum, Piper pusillum, Peperomia reflexifolia | Piperaceae | Four-Leaf Peperomia |
| Peplidium maritimum | Peplidium humifusum, Eplidium humifusum, Microcarpaea cochlearifolia | Phrymaceae | Marsh Peplidium |
| Peracarpa carnosa | Campanula carnosa, Campanula ovata, Campanula circaeoides | Campanulaceae | Fleshy-Stem Bellflower |
| Pereskia aculeata | Cactus pereskia, Pereskia pereskia | Cactaceae | Barbados Gooseberry |
| Pereskia bleo | Cactus bleo, Pereskia corrugata | Cactaceae | Leaf Cactus |
| Pereskia grandifolia | Rhodocactus grandifolius, Cactus grandifolius, Pereskia grandiflora | Cactaceae | Rose Cactus |
| Pereskiopsis diguetii | Pereskiopsis velutina, Opuntia diguetii, Pereskiopsis digueti | Cactaceae | Alfilerillo |
| Pergularia daemia | Asclepias daemia, Daemia extensa, Cynanchum extensum | Apocynaceae | Pergularia |
| Pericallis x hybrida | Cineraria x hybrida, Senecio x hybridus | Asteraceae | Cineraria |
| Perilla frutescens var. frutescens | Perilla frutescens var. purpurascens, Perilla albiflora | Lamiaceae | Perilla |
| Periploca aphylla | | Apocynaceae | Leafless Silkflower Shrub |
| Periploca calophylla | | Apocynaceae | Pretty-Leaved Silkflower Vine |
| Peristeria elata | | Orchidaceae | Dove Orchid |
| Peristylus aristatus | Habenaria aristata | Orchidaceae | Spiked Peristylus |
| Peristylus caranjensis | Habenaria caranjensis, Habenaria stocksii | Orchidaceae | Karanja Peristylus |
| Peristylus constrictus | Habenaria constricta, Orchis leucantha, Platanthera constricta | Orchidaceae | Constricted Peristylus |
| Peristylus densus | Habenaria neglecta, Peristylus neglectus, Coeloglossum densum | Orchidaceae | Dense Peristylus |
| Peristylus goodyeroides | Habenaria goodyeroides, Habenaria grandis, Habenaria pandurilabia | Orchidaceae | Goodyera-Like Peristylus |
| Peristylus lawii | Habenaria lawii | Orchidaceae | Lax-Flowered Peristylus |
| Peristylus plantagineus | Habenaria wightii | Orchidaceae | Plantain Peristylus |
| Peristylus richardianus | Habenaria bicornuta | Orchidaceae | Richards Peristylus |
| Perotis indica | Anthoxanthum indicum, Saccharum spicatum | Poaceae | Indian Comet Grass |
| Perovskia abrotanoides | | Lamiaceae | Russian Sage |
| Persea americana | Laurus persea, Persea persea, Persea edulis | Lauraceae | Avocado |
| Persicaria barbata | Polygonum barbatum | Polygonaceae | Bearded Knotweed |
| Persicaria capitata | Polygonum capitatum | Polygonaceae | Pink Knotweed |
| Persicaria chinensis | Polygonum chinense, Polygonum auriculata | Polygonaceae | Chinese Knotweed |
| Persicaria glabra | Polygonum glabrum, Persicaria densiflora | Polygonaceae | Denseflower Knotweed |
| Persicaria hydropiper | Polygonum hydropiper | Polygonaceae | Water Pepper |
| Persicaria lapathifolia | Polygonum lapathifolium | Polygonaceae | Pale Knotweed |
| Persicaria longiseta | Polygonum longisetum, Polygonum blumei, Persicaria roseoviridis | Polygonaceae | Oriental Lady's Thumb |
| Persicaria maculosa | Polygonum persicaria | Polygonaceae | Redshank |
| Persicaria microcephala | Polygonum microcephalum, Polygonum ciliatum | Polygonaceae | Tiny-Head Knotweed |
| Persicaria minor | Polygonum minus | Polygonaceae | Small Water-Pepper |
| Persicaria nepalensis | Polygonum nepalense | Polygonaceae | Nepal Knotweed |
| Persicaria orientalis | Polygonum orientale | Polygonaceae | Kiss Me Over The Garden Gate |
| Persicaria orientalis | Polygonum orientale | Polygonaceae | Oriental Pepper |
| Persicaria posumbu | Polygonum posumbu, Polygonum decumbens | Polygonaceae | Creeping Himalayan Knotweed |
| Persicaria pubescens | Polygonum pubescens, Polygonum flaccidum, Polygonum roettleri | Polygonaceae | Lax Knotweed |
| Persicaria runcinata | Polygonum runcinatum, Polygonum panduriforme, Polygonum panduriforme | Polygonaceae | Lobed Leaf Knotweed |
| Persicaria sagittata | Polygonum sagittatum, Truellum sagittatum, Tracaulon sagittatum | Polygonaceae | Arrowleaf Knotweed |
| Persicaria salicifolia subsp. salicifolia | Persicaria serrulata, Polygonum salicifolium | Polygonaceae | Willowleaf Knotweed |
| Persicaria sinuata | Polygonum sinuatum, Cephalophilon sinuatum | Polygonaceae | Red-Stem Knotweed |
| Persicaria viscosa | Polygonum viscosum, Polygonum hirsutum | Polygonaceae | Sticky Knotweed |
| Petalidium barlerioides | Ruellia barlerioides, Ruellia bracteata | Acanthaceae | Barleria Petal-Bush |
| Petiveria alliacea | Mapa graveolens, Petiveria corrientina, Petiveria foetida, Petiveria graveolens | Phytolaccaceae | Guinea Henweed |
| Petraeovitex bambusetorum | Petraeovitex bambusetorum f. simplicifolia | Lamiaceae | Nong Noch Vine |
| Petrea volubilis | Petrea arborea, Petrea racemosa, Petrea mexicana, Petrea erecta | Verbenaceae | Purple Wreath |
| Petrocosmea parryorum | | Gesneriaceae | East-Himalayan Rock Cosmos |
| Petroselinum crispum | | Apiaceae | Parsley |
| Petunia hybrida | | Solanaceae | Petunia |
| Petunia integrifolia | | Solanaceae | Violet Petunia |
| Peucedanum grande | | Apiaceae | Hill Carrot |
| Phacelurus speciosus | Andropogon speciosus, Ischaemum speciosum, Manisuris speciosa | Poaceae | Showy Muraina Grass |
| Phagnalon niveum | Phagnalon acuminatum, Phagnalon denticulatum | Asteraceae | Snow-White Cudweed |
| Phaius flavus | Calanthe woodfordii, Phaius woodfordii, Hecabe lutea | Orchidaceae | Yellow Crane Orchid |
| Phaius mishmensis | Limatodis mishmensis, Calanthe mishmensis, Calanthe crinita | Orchidaceae | Mishmi Hills Nun's Orchid |
| Phaius tankervilleae | Calanthe tankervilleae, Limodorum tancarvilleae | Orchidaceae | Nun's Orchid |
| Phaius wallichii | Calanthe wallichii, Phaius magniflorus, Phaius sanderi | Orchidaceae | Large Nun's Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis amabilis | | Orchidaceae | Moon Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis deliciosa | Doritis deliciosa, Kingidium deliciosum | Orchidaceae | Delicate Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis difformis | Aerides difformis, Ornithochilus difformis, Sarcochilus difformis | Orchidaceae | Brown Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis lobbii | Doritis lobbii, Polychilos lobbii, Phalaenopsis parishii var. lobbii | Orchidaceae | White-Orange Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis mannii | Polychilos mannii, Phalaenopsis boxallii | Orchidaceae | Yellow-Brown Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis marriottiana | Hygrochilus parishii, Vanda parishii, Hygrochilus mariottiana | Orchidaceae | East-Asian Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis mysorensis | Kingidium mysorense, Kingidium niveum, Polychilos mysorensis | Orchidaceae | Mysore Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis pulcherrima | Doritis pulcherrima, Phalaenopsis esmeralda, Phalaenopsis antennifera | Orchidaceae | Showy Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis taenialis | Aerides taenialis, Kingiella taenialis, Kingidium taeniale | Orchidaceae | Bandage-Like Moth Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis wilsonii | Phalaenopsis minor, Polychilos wilsonii, | Orchidaceae | Lesser Moth Orchid |
| Phalaris minor | | Poaceae | Dwarf Canary Grass |
| Phanera khasiana | Bauhinia khasiana, Bauhinia howei, | Caesalpiniaceae | Khasi Bauhinia |
| Phanera kockiana | Bauhinia kockiana | Caesalpiniaceae | Orange Bauhinia |
| Phanera phoenicea | Bauhinia phoenicea, Bauhinia benthamii, Bauhinia ruficarpa | Caesalpiniaceae | Scarlet Bauhinia |
| Phanera roxburghiana | Bauhinia roxburghiana, Bauhinia emarginata, Phanera retusa | Caesalpiniaceae | Notched-Leaf Bauhinia |
| Phanera scandens | Bauhinia scandens, Bauhinia debilis, Bauhinia anguina | Caesalpiniaceae | Snake Climber |
| Phanera stipularis | Bauhinia stipularis | Caesalpiniaceae | Nicobar Creeper |
| Phanera vahlii | Bauhinia racemosa, Bauhinia vahlii | Caesalpiniaceae | Maloo Creeper |
| Phaseolus coccineus | | Fabaceae | Scarlet Runner Bean |
| Phaseolus lunatus | Phaseolus rosei, Phaseolus viridis, Phaseolus limensis | Fabaceae | Lima Bean |
| Phaseolus vulgaris | Phaseolus communis, Phaseolus nanus | Fabaceae | Common Bean |
| Phaulopsis dorsiflora | Ruellia dorsiflora, Micranthus dorsiflorus | Acanthaceae | Himalayan Ruellia |
| Philadelphus tomentosus | Philadelphus coronarius var. tomentosus | Hydrangeaceae | Fuzzy Mock Orange |
| Phleum alpinum | Phleum capitatum, Plantinia alpina, Phleum commutatum | Poaceae | Alpine Cat Tail |
| Phleum himalaicum | Phleum arenarium var. thomsonii | Poaceae | Himalayan Cat Tail |
| Phlogacanthus albiflorus | Diotacanthus albiflorus Benth. | Acanthaceae | White Flame-Acanthus |
| Phlogacanthus curviflorus | Justicia curviflora | Acanthaceae | Curved-Flower Flame-Acanthus |
| Phlogacanthus jenkinsii | | Acanthaceae | Manipur Flame-Acanthus |
| Phlogacanthus pubinervius | Lonicera menelii, Aeschynanthus dunnii | Acanthaceae | Velvety Flame-Acanthus |
| Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis | Justicia thyrsiflora Roxb., Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus | Acanthaceae | Red Flame-Acanthus |
| Phlogacanthus vitellinus | Justicia vitellina, Janasia rosea, Phlogacanthus quadrangularis | Acanthaceae | Rosy Flame-Acanthus |
| Phlomis cashmeriana | Phlomis dichroa | Lamiaceae | Kashmir Sage |
| Phlomoides bracteosa | Phlomis bracteosa, Phlomis lamiifolia, Phlomis simplex | Lamiaceae | Purple Himalayan Sage |
| Phlomoides rotata | Phlomis rotata, Lamiophlomis rotata | Lamiaceae | Rosette Sage |
| Phlomoides spectabilis | Phlomis cachemeriana Benth., Phlomis spectabilis | Lamiaceae | Spectacular Himalayan Sage |
| Phlomoides superba | Eremostachys superba, Eremostachys laciniata var. superba | Lamiaceae | Golden Himalayan Spike |
| Phlox drummondii | | Polemoniaceae | Annual Phlox |
| Phlox drummondii 'Twinkle Star' | | Polemoniaceae | Phlox Twinkle |
| Phlox paniculata | | Polemoniaceae | Garden Phlox |
| Phoebe lanceolata | Phoebe palghatensis, Laurus lanceolaria, Laurus camphorata | Lauraceae | Lanceleaf Laurel |
| Phoenix acaulis | Phoenix acaulis var. melanocarpa | Arecaceae | Stemless Date Palm |
| Phoenix loureiroi | Phoenix humilis | Arecaceae | Dwarf Date Palm |
| Phoenix pusilla | Phoenix zeylanica, Phoenix farinifera, Zelonops pusilla | Arecaceae | Ceylon Date Palm |
| Phoenix roebelenii | | Arecaceae | Pygmy Date Palm |
| Phoenix rupicola | | Arecaceae | Cliff Date Palm |
| Phoenix sylvestris | Elate sylvestris | Arecaceae | Wild Date Palm |
| Photinia integrifolia | Photinia notoniana, Photinia dasythyrsa | Rosaceae | Himalayan Chokeberry |
| Phragmites karka | Arundo karka, Arundo roxburghii, Phragmites roxburghii | Poaceae | Tall Reed |
| Phreatia elegans | Thelasis elegans, Eria elegans Rchb.f. | Orchidaceae | Elegant Phreatia |
| Phryma nana | Phryma leptostachya var. nana, Phryma leptostachya subsp. asiatica, Phryma asiatica | Phrymaceae | Asian Lopseed |
| Phrynium pubinerve | Phrynium capitatum, Phrynium ovatum, Phrynium philippinense | Marantaceae | Packing Leaf |
| Phyla nodiflora | Lippia nodiflora, Verbena nodiflora, Platonia nodiflora | Verbenaceae | Frog Fruit |
| Phyllanthus acidus | | Phyllanthaceae | Star Gooseberry |
| Phyllanthus amarus | Phyllanthus niruri var. amarus, Phyllanthus nanus, Phyllanthus scabrellus | Phyllanthaceae | Carry Me Seed |
| Phyllanthus cinereus | Diasperus cinereus, Epistylium floribundum, Reidia cinerea | Phyllanthaceae | Ashy Potato-Bush |
| Phyllanthus clarkei | Diasperus clarkei | Phyllanthaceae | Red Himalayan Gooseberry |
| Phyllanthus fraternus | Phyllanthus fraternus subsp. togoensis | Phyllanthaceae | Gulf Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus leschenaultii | Phyllanthus missionis | Phyllanthaceae | Deccan Gooseberry |
| Phyllanthus macraei | Macraea rheedei, Diasperus macraei | Phyllanthaceae | Nilgiri Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus maderaspatensis | Phyllanthus maderaspatanus | Phyllanthaceae | Madras Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus myrtifolius | | Phyllanthaceae | Mousetail Plant |
| Phyllanthus narayanswamii | | Phyllanthaceae | South-Indian Gooseberry |
| Phyllanthus pinnatus | Phyllanthus senensis, Phyllanthus kirkianus | Phyllanthaceae | Sand Potato Bush |
| Phyllanthus reticulatus | Kirganelia reticulata, Anisonema reticulatum, Cicca reticulata, Diasperus reticulatus | Phyllanthaceae | Black-Honey Shrub |
| Phyllanthus rheedei | Phyllanthus kozhikodianus, Diasperus rheedei, Phyllanthus flaccidus | Phyllanthaceae | Kozhikode Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus sikkimensis | Phyllanthus secundiflora, Phyllanthus perlisensis, Reidia hamiltoniana | Phyllanthaceae | Sikkim Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus singampattianus | Reidia singampattiana | Phyllanthaceae | Singampatti Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus tenellus | Phyllanthus corcovadensis | Phyllanthaceae | Long Stalked Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus virgatus | Phyllanthus filicaulis, Phyllanthus simplex | Phyllanthaceae | Seed Under Leaf |
| Phyllocephalum scabridum | Decaneurum scabridum | Asteraceae | Purple Heads |
| Phyllodium longipes | Desmodium longipes, Desmodium tonkinense | Fabaceae | Fish Scales |
| Phyllodium pulchellum | Hedysarum pulchellum, Desmodium pulchellum, Meibomia pulchella | Fabaceae | Showy Desmodium |
| Phyllolobium donianum | Astragalus donianus, Astragalus monanthus, Astragalus yatungensis | Fabaceae | Dark-Red Milk-Vetch |
| Phyllostachys aurea | Phyllostachys bambusoides, Phyllostachys formosana | Poaceae | Fish Pole Bamboo |
| Phyllostachys edulis | Bambusa edulis, Phyllostachys pubescens, Bambusa pubescens | Poaceae | Moso Bamboo |
| Physalis angulata | | Solanaceae | Cutleaf Ground Cherry |
| Physalis grisea | Physalis pubescens var. grisea | Solanaceae | Grey Ground Cherry |
| Physalis halicacabum | Physalis indica, Physalis joe-diasii, Physalis alvarisii | Solanaceae | Indian Ground Cherry |
| Physalis lagascae | Physalis parviflora, Physalis alkekengi | Solanaceae | Ground Cherry |
| Physalis peruviana | Physalis tomentosa, Physalis puberula, Physalis latifolia | Solanaceae | Cape Gooseberry |
| Physalis pruinosa | Phsyalis nicandroides var. attenuata, Physalis maxima | Solanaceae | Strawberry Tomato |
| Physochlaina praealta | Physochlaina grandiflora, Scopolia praealta | Solanaceae | Himalayan Green Funnel |
| Phytolacca acinosa | | Phytolaccaceae | Indian Pokeweed |
| Phytolacca dioica | Phytolacca arborea, Phytolacca populifolia, Pircunia dioica | Phytolaccaceae | Pokeberry Tree |
| Phytolacca octandra | Phytolacca icosandra | Phytolaccaceae | Tropical Pokeweed |
| Picea smithiana | Picea morinda | Pinaceae | Himalayan Spruce |
| Picea spinulosa | Pinus spinulosa, Abies spinulosa, Picea morindoides | Pinaceae | Sikkim Spruce |
| Picrasma quassioides | Picrasma japonica, Simaba quassioides, Nima quassioides | Simaroubaceae | Indian Quassia |
| Picris hieracioides | Picris hieracioides subsp. hieracioides, Picris hieracioides f. hieracioides | Asteraceae | Hawk Weed |
| Picrorhiza kurroa | Picrorhiza kurrooa | Plantaginaceae | Bitter-Root |
| Pieris formosa | | Ericaceae | Himalayan Pieris |
| Pilea bracteosa | Pilea obliqua, Adicea bracteosa | Urticaceae | Bracted Himalayan Clearweed |
| Pilea cadierei | | Urticaceae | Aluminium Plant |
| Pilea glaberrima | Urtica glaberrima | Urticaceae | Hairless Clearweed |
| Pilea insolens | | Urticaceae | Insolent Clearweed |
| Pilea martini | Boehmeria martini | Urticaceae | East-Asian Clearweed |
| Pilea melastomoides | Urtica melastomoides, Pilea trinervia | Urticaceae | Melastome Clearweed |
| Pilea microphylla | | Urticaceae | Gunpowder Plant |
| Pilea peperomioides | Podophyllum cavaleriei | Urticaceae | Chinese Money Plant |
| Pilea racemosa | Pilea subalpina, Pilea wightii, Procris racemosa | Urticaceae | Flowerhead Clearweed |
| Pilea scripta | Pilea nepalensis | Urticaceae | Himalayan Clearweed |
| Pilea serpyllacea | Urtica serpyllacea | Urticaceae | Thyme Rockweed |
| Pilea umbrosa | | Urticaceae | Shady Himalayan Clearweed |
| Piliostigma foveolatum | Bauhinia foveolata, Bauhinia lawii | Caesalpiniaceae | Pore Leaved Bauhinia |
| Piliostigma malabaricum | Bauhinia malabarica, Bauhinia acida, Bauhinia reniformis | Caesalpiniaceae | Malabar Bauhinia |
| Piloselloides hirsuta | Gerbera piloselloides, Gerbera hirsuta, Gerbera amabilis | Asteraceae | Hawkweed Gerbera Daisy |
| Pimenta dioica | Myrtus aromatica, Myrtus dioica, Pimenta vulgaris, Pimenta officinalis | Myrtaceae | Allspice |
| Pimpinella acuminata | Carum acuminatum, Reutera acuminata, Pimpinella hazariensis | Apiaceae | Feather-Leaf Pimpinel |
| Pimpinella diversifolia | | Apiaceae | Diverse-Leaf Pimpinel |
| Pimpinella tomentosa | Heracleum tomentosum | Apiaceae | Hairy Pimpinel |
| Pinalia acervata | Eria acervata, Dendrobium seriatum, Eria poilanei | Orchidaceae | Bundled Eria |
| Pinalia amica | Eria amica, Eria confusa, Pinalia confusa, Pinalia andersonii | Orchidaceae | Lovely Pinalia |
| Pinalia bractescens | Eria bractescens, Dendrobium subterrestre, Eria littoralis | Orchidaceae | Bracted Pinalia |
| Pinalia connata | Eria connata | Orchidaceae | Connate Eria |
| Pinalia excavata | Eria excavata, Eria sphaerochila, Eria flava var. rubida | Orchidaceae | Hollowed Eria |
| Pinalia globulifera | Eria globulifera | Orchidaceae | Globular Eria |
| Pinalia leucantha | Octomeria alba, Eria alba | Orchidaceae | White Pinalia |
| Pinalia mysorensis | Eria mysorensis | Orchidaceae | Mysore Eria |
| Pinalia occidentalis | Eria occidentalis | Orchidaceae | West-Himalayan Eria |
| Pinalia polystachya | Eria polystachya | Orchidaceae | Many-Spike Eria |
| Pinalia spicata | Eria spicata, Pinalia alba, Eria convallarioides | Orchidaceae | Spiked Pinalia |
| Pinalia sutepensis | Eria sutepensis | Orchidaceae | Sutep Eria |
| Pinanga dicksonii | Areca dicksonii | Arecaceae | Dickson Palm |
| Pinda concanensis | Heracleum pinda | Apiaceae | Konkan Pinda |
| Pinguicula alpina | | Lentibulariaceae | Alpine Butterwort |
| Pinus gerardiana | Pinus gerardii | Pinaceae | Chilghoza Pine |
| Pinus kesiya | Pinus kasya, Pinus khasia, Pinus khasyana | Pinaceae | Khasi Pine |
| Pinus nigra | | Pinaceae | Black Pine |
| Pinus patula | Pinus patula var. macrocarpa, Pinus patula var. patula | Pinaceae | Mexican Weeping Pine |
| Pinus roxburghii | Pinus longifolia | Pinaceae | Chir Pine |
| Pinus wallichiana | Pinus excelsa, Pinus griffithii | Pinaceae | Himalayan Blue Pine |
| Piper arboreum | | Piperaceae | Tree Pepper |
| Piper attenuatum | Piper karok, Piper malamiris, Piper sirium | Piperaceae | Drooping Spike Pepper |
| Piper betleoides | Piper betleoides var. glabrifolium | Piperaceae | Wild Betel Vine |
| Piper betle | Piper chawya, Piper malamiris, Piper densum | Piperaceae | Betel Vine |
| Piper boehmeriifolium | Chavica boehmeriaefolia, Piper boehmeriaefolia? | Piperaceae | Ramie-Leaf Pepper |
| Piper dravidii | | Piperaceae | Konkan Pepper |
| Piper lonchites | Piperi lonchitum | Piperaceae | Spear Pepper |
| Piper longum | | Piperaceae | Long Pepper |
| Piper mullesua | Piper brachystachyum, Piper guigual | Piperaceae | Hill Pepper |
| Piper nigrum | | Piperaceae | Black Pepper |
| Piper pedicellatum | Piper clarkei, Piper nigramentum, Piper curtipedunculum | Piperaceae | Pipla |
| Piper peepuloides | Chavica peepuloides, Chavica neesiana | Piperaceae | Wild Pepper |
| Piper sylvaticum | Piper dekkoanum, Piper malmoris | Piperaceae | Mountain Long Pepper |
| Piper umbellatum | Lepianthes umbellata, Piper subpeltatum, Pothomorphe alleni | Piperaceae | Cow-Foot Leaf |
| Piptanthus nepalensis | Baptisia nepalensis, Piptanthus bicolor, Thermopsis laburnifolia | Fabaceae | Evergreen Laburnum |
| Piscidia piscipula | Erythrina piscipula, Robinia alata, Piscidia toxicaria | Fabaceae | Florida Fish-Poison Tree |
| Pisonia aculeata | Pallavia aculeata, Pisonia loranthoides | Nyctaginaceae | Thorny Pisonia |
| Pistacia chinensis ssp. Integerrima | Pistacia integerrima, Rhus integerrima | Anacardiaceae | Kakkar |
| Pistacia vera | Pistacia trifolia, Pistacia macrophylla, Pistacia officinarum | Anacardiaceae | Pistachio |
| Pistia stratiotes | | Araceae | Water Cabbage |
| Pithecellobium dulce | | Mimosaceae | Madras Thorn |
| Pittosporum dasycaulon | | Pittosporaceae | Sahyadri Pittosporum |
| Pittosporum eriocarpum | | Pittosporaceae | Doon Cheesewood |
| Pittosporum napaulense | Senacia napaulensis, Pittosporum verticillatum, Pittosporum floribundum | Pittosporaceae | Golden Fragrance |
| Pittosporum tobira Cv. variegata | Euonymus tobira | Pittosporaceae | Variegated Pittosporum |
| Planchonia andamanica | | Lecythidaceae | Andaman Planchonia |
| Plantaginorchis plantaginea | Habenaria plantaginea | Orchidaceae | Plantain Orchid |
| Plantago asiatica | Plantago alata, Plantago formosana, Plantago coreana | Plantaginaceae | Asian Plantain |
| Plantago coronopus | | Plantaginaceae | Buck Horn Plantain |
| Plantago himalaica | | Plantaginaceae | Himalayan Plantain |
| Plantago indica | Plantago scabra, Plantago arenaria, Plantago psyllium | Plantaginaceae | Indian Plantain |
| Plantago lanceolata | | Plantaginaceae | Ribwort Plantain |
| Plantago major | | Plantaginaceae | Broad Leaf Plantain |
| Platanthera juncea | Habenaria juncea | Orchidaceae | Rush-Like Habenaria |
| Platanthera leptocaulon | Habenaria leptocaulon, Platanthera stenophylla | Orchidaceae | Narrow-Stem Habenaria |
| Platanthera stenantha | Habenaria stenantha, Hemihabenaria stenantha | Orchidaceae | Slim-Flower Habenaria |
| Platanthera urceolata | Diphylax urceolata, Habenaria urceolata | Orchidaceae | Pitcher Habenaria |
| Platanus orientalis | | Platanaceae | Chinar |
| Platanus x acerifolia | | Platanaceae | London Plane Tree |
| Platostoma coloratum | Geniosporum coloratum, Plectranthus coloratus, Ocimum coloratum | Lamiaceae | Colored Jungle Basil |
| Platostoma hispidum | Ocimum capitatum, Prunella indica, Acrocephalus hispidus | Lamiaceae | Hairy Gomphrena |
| Platostoma menthoides | Elsholtzia ocimoides, Geniosporum prostratum, Thymus indicus Burm.f. | Lamiaceae | South Indian Thyme |
| Platycladus orientalis | Thuja orientalis, Biota orientalis | Cupressaceae | Morpankhi |
| Platycodon grandiflorus | Campanula glauca, Platycodon glaucus, Platycodon sinensis | Campanulaceae | Korean Bellflower |
| Platystemma violoides | Chirita violoides | Gesneriaceae | Pansy Platystemma |
| Plectranthus barbatus | Coleus barbatus, Coleus forskohlii, Plectranthus forskohlii | Lamiaceae | Indian Coleus |
| Plectranthus caninus | Coleus spicatus, Majana canina, Plectranthus monadelphus | Lamiaceae | Scaredy Cat Plant |
| Plectranthus forsteri | | Lamiaceae | Swedish Ivy |
| Plectranthus mollis | Plectranthus incanus, Plectranthus cordifolia | Lamiaceae | Soft-Stem Mintleaf |
| Plectranthus 'Mona Lavender' | | Lamiaceae | Mona Lavender |
| Plectranthus rotundifolius | Coleus rotundifolius, Plectranthus tuberosus, Coleus parviflorus | Lamiaceae | Chinese Potato |
| Plectranthus verticillatus | Ocimum verticillatum, Ocimum racemosum, Plectranthus thunbergii | Lamiaceae | Whorlflower Swedish Ivy |
| Pleiocraterium verticillare | Hedyotis verticillaris, Oldenlandia verticillaris | Rubiaceae | Whorled Hedyotis |
| Pleiogynium timoriense | Spondias pleiogyna, Pleiogynium solandri , Icica timoriensis | Anacardiaceae | Burdekin Plum |
| Pleione hookeriana | Coelogyne hookeriana, Pleione laotica | Orchidaceae | East-Asian Pleione |
| Pleione humilis | Epidendrum humile, Dendrobium humile, Coelogyne humilis | Orchidaceae | Low Growing Pleione |
| Pleione maculata | Coelogyne maculata, Pleione diphylla, Coelogyne diphylla | Orchidaceae | Spotted Pleione |
| Pleione praecox | Epidendrum praecox, Dendrobium praecox, Coelogyne praecox | Orchidaceae | Early Blooming Pleione |
| Pleione saxicola | | Orchidaceae | Rock-Dwelling Pleione |
| Pleiospermium alatum | Naringi alata, Anisifolium alatum, Hesperethusa alata, Limonia alata Wall. ex Wight & Arn. | Rutaceae | Winged Naringi |
| Pleiospilos simulans | Mesembryanthemum simulans | Aizoaceae | Split Rock Plant |
| Pleroma semidecandrum | Tibouchina semidecandra, Lasiandra semidecandra | Melastomataceae | Purple Glory Tree |
| Pleroma urvilleanum | Tibouchina urvilleana, Lasiandra urvilleana, Tibouchina paulistana | Melastomataceae | Princess Flower |
| Pleurolobus gangeticus | Desmodium gangeticum, Hedysarum gangeticum | Fabaceae | Sal Leaved Desmodium |
| Pleurostylia opposita | Celastrus oppositus, Euonymus godaverensis, Pleurostylia cochinchinensis | Celastraceae | Panakka Tree |
| Pluchea arguta | Pluchea frutescens, Laggera arida, Conyza odontophylla | Asteraceae | Toothed Camphor-Weed |
| Pluchea indica | Baccharis indica, Placus indicus | Asteraceae | Indian Camphor-Weed |
| Pluchea lanceolata | Berthelotia lanceolata | Asteraceae | Rasna |
| Pluchea paniculata | Blumea membranacea, Blumea senecioides, Blumea viscosula | Asteraceae | Panicled Camphorweed |
| Pluchea paniculata var. gracilis | Blumea membranacea var. gracilis, Blumea paniculata var. gracilis | Asteraceae | Panicled Blumea |
| Pluchea sagittalis | Conyza sagittalis, Conyza brasiliensis, Pluchea suaveolens | Asteraceae | Wing-Stem Camphor-Weed |
| Pluchea tomentosa | Conyza tomentosa, Eupatorium mysorense | Asteraceae | Woolly Camphor-Weed |
| Pluchea wallichiana | Conyza sessilifolia, Conyza candolleana | Asteraceae | Stalkless-Leaf Camphor-Weed |
| Plumbago auriculata | Plumbago capensis | Plumbaginaceae | Nila Chitrak |
| Plumbago indica | Plumbago rosea, Thela coccinea | Plumbaginaceae | Lal Chitrak |
| Plumbago zeylanica | | Plumbaginaceae | Chitrak |
| Plumeria filifolia | Plumeria stenophylla | Apocynaceae | Cuban Frangipani |
| Plumeria obtusa | Plumeria nivea, Plumeria emarginata | Apocynaceae | White Frangipani |
| Plumeria pudica | Plumeria caracasana, Plumeria cochleata | Apocynaceae | Wild Plumeria |
| Plumeria rubra | Plumeria acutifolia, Plumeria rubra var. acutifolia | Apocynaceae | Common White Frangipani |
| Plumeria rubra | Plumeria rubra f. rubra | Apocynaceae | Red Frangipani |
| Plumeria rubra | | Apocynaceae | Frangipani pink |
| Plumeria x stenopetala | | Apocynaceae | Narrow Petal Frangipani |
| Poa alpina | | Poaceae | Alpine Meadow-Grass |
| Poa annua | | Poaceae | Annual Bluegrass |
| Poa bulbosa | | Poaceae | Bulbous Bluegrass |
| Poa koelzii | | Poaceae | Kashmir Bluegrass |
| Podocarpus chinensis | | Podocarpaceae | Chinese Podocarp |
| Podocarpus neriifolius | Margbensonia neriifolia, Podocarpus discolor, Podocarpus macrophyllus | Podocarpaceae | Brown Pine |
| Podochilus cultratus | | Orchidaceae | Knife-Like Podochilus |
| Podochilus khasianus | Podochilus chinensis, Podochilus intermedius | Orchidaceae | Khasi Podochilus |
| Podophyllum hexandrum | Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, Podophyllum emodi | Berberidaceae | Himalayan May Apple |
| Podranea ricasoliana | Pandorea ricasoliana, Tecoma ricasoliana | Bignoniaceae | Port St Johns Creeper |
| Poeciloneuron indicum | | Clusiaceae | Indian Milled-Leaf Tree |
| Pogonatherum crinitum | Andropogon crinitus, Pogonopsis tenera, Andropogon monandrus | Poaceae | Bamboo Grass |
| Pogostemon auricularius | Mentha auricularia, Mentha foetida, Dysophylla auricularia, Eusteralis auricularia | Lamiaceae | East-Himalayan Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon benghalensis | Origanum benghalense, Origanum indicum, Pogostemon indicus | Lamiaceae | Bengal Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon deccanensis | Eusteralis deccanensis | Lamiaceae | Deccan Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon elsholtzioides | | Lamiaceae | Purple Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon heyneanus | Pogostemon suavis | Lamiaceae | False Patchouli |
| Pogostemon menthoides | Pogostemon fraternus, Pogostemon macgregorii | Lamiaceae | East-Indian Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon paniculatus | Elsholtzia paniculata, Hyssopus cristatus | Lamiaceae | Panicled Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon parviflorus | Pogostemon championii | Lamiaceae | Small-Flowered Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon purpurascens | | Lamiaceae | Purplish Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon quadrifolius | Mentha quadrifolia, Mentha stellata, Dysophylla velutina | Lamiaceae | Four-Leaf Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon stellatus | Mentha stellata, Pogostemon verticillatus, Eusteralis stellata | Lamiaceae | Water Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon travancoricus | Pogostemon travancoricus var. devicolamensis | Lamiaceae | Travancore Shrub-Mint |
| Pogostemon wightii | Pogostemon hirsutus Wight, nom. illeg. | Lamiaceae | Hairy Shrub-Mint |
| Poikilospermum suaveolens | Covellia grandifolia, Conocephalus suaveolens | Urticaceae | Fragrant Conehead |
| Polemonium caeruleum subsp. himalayanum | Polemonium himalaicum, Polemonium coeruleum var. himalayanum Baker | Polemoniaceae | Himalayan Jacob's Ladder |
| Polhillides velutina | Hedysarum velutinum, Desmodium velutinum | Fabaceae | Velvet-Leaf Desmodium |
| Pollia hasskarlii | Pollia aclisia var. robusta | Commelinaceae | East-Indian Pollia |
| Pollia secundiflora | Aclisia cumingiana, Aclisia elegans, Aclisia secundiflora | Commelinaceae | Three-Stamen Pollia |
| Pollia subumbellata | Aclisia subumbellata | Commelinaceae | Umbelled Pollia |
| Polyalthia suberosa | Guatteria suberosa, Uvaria suberosa, Phaeanthus malabaricus | Annonaceae | Corky Debbar Tree |
| Polycarpaea aurea | | Caryophyllaceae | Golden-Tip Rock-Grass |
| Polycarpaea corymbosa | Achyranthes corymbosa, Polycarpaea nebulosa | Caryophyllaceae | Oldman's Cap |
| Polycarpaea spicata | Polycarpon spicatum, Polycarpaea staticiformis | Caryophyllaceae | Spiked Rock-Grass |
| Polycarpon prostratum | Polycarpaea prostrata, Arenaria prostrata, Spergula prostrata | Caryophyllaceae | Prostrate Manyseed |
| Polygala abyssinica | Polygala adoensis, Polygala alata | Polygalaceae | Ethiopian Milkwort |
| Polygala arillata | Polygala arillata var. ovata | Polygalaceae | Yellow Milkwort |
| Polygala arvensis | Polygala chinensis f. arvensis, Polygala brachystachya, Polygala procumbens | Polygalaceae | Field Milkwort |
| Polygala chinensis | Polygala glomerata | Polygalaceae | Indian Milkwort |
| Polygala crotalarioides | Polygala ardisioides, Polygala capitata, Polygala umbrosa | Polygalaceae | Rattlepod Milkwort |
| Polygala elongata | | Polygalaceae | Narrow-Leaved Milkwort |
| Polygala erioptera | | Polygalaceae | Woolly-Winged Milkwort |
| Polygala furcata | Polygala glaucescens, Polygala triphylla, Polygala hyalina | Polygalaceae | Forked Milkwort |
| Polygala javana | Polygala ceylanica Heyne ex Wall., Polygala javanica Steud. | Polygalaceae | Java Milkwort |
| Polygala paniculata | Polygala brasiliensis, Polygala quitensis, Polygala humilis | Polygalaceae | Root Beer Plant |
| Polygala persicariifolia | | Polygalaceae | Knotweed Leaved Milkwort |
| Polygala sibirica | Polygala japonica, Polygala monopetala, Polygala taquetii | Polygalaceae | Siberian Milkwort |
| Polygala tatarinowii | Salomonia martinii, Semeiocardium hamiltonii | Polygalaceae | Oriental Milkwort |
| Polygala telephioides | | Polygalaceae | Orpine Milkwort |
| Polygonatum cirrhifolium | Convallaria cirrhifolia | Asparagaceae | Coiling Leaf Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum geminiflorum | Polygonatum ciliatum | Asparagaceae | Twin-Flower Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum govanianum | | Asparagaceae | Common Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum graminifolium | | Asparagaceae | Grass-Leaved Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum hookeri | Polygonatum pumilum | Asparagaceae | Dwarf Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum kingianum | | Asparagaceae | East-Asian Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum oppositifolium | Convallaria oppositifolia | Asparagaceae | Opposite-Leaf Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum verticillatum | | Asparagaceae | Whorled Solomon's Seal |
| Polygonum aviculare | Polygonum aviculare subsp. depressum | Polygonaceae | Common Knotgrass |
| Polygonum chaturbhujanum | | Polygonaceae | Tiny-Flower Knotweed |
| Polygonum paronychioides | | Polygonaceae | Fuzzy Knotweed |
| Polygonum perfoliatum | Persicaria perfoliata | Polygonaceae | Mile-A-Minute Vine |
| Polygonum plebeium | Polygonum plebejum | Polygonaceae | Small Knotweed |
| Polygonum recumbens | Polygonum mirajabii | Polygonaceae | Creeping Knotweed |
| Polypogon monspeliensis | Alopecurus monspeliensis, Polypogon flavescens, Alopecurus monspeliensis | Poaceae | Annual Beard Grass |
| Polyscias scutellaria | | Araliaceae | Shield Aralia |
| Polyspora obtusa | Gordonia obtusa, Lasianthus obtusus, Gordonia obtusifolia | Theaceae | Konkan Gordonia |
| Polystachya concreta | Polystachya purpurea, Polystachya siamensis, Polystachya luteola var. tincta | Orchidaceae | Greater Yellowspike |
| Polytoca gigantea | Chionachne koenigii, Coix gigantea, Coix lacryma-jobi var. gigantea | Poaceae | Giant Adlay Millet |
| Pomaderris apetala | Pomatoderris apetala | Rhamnaceae | Dogwood |
| Pomatocalpa maculosum subsp. andamanicum | Cleisostoma andamanicum, Pomatocalpa andamanicum | Orchidaceae | Andaman Bladder Orchid |
| Pomatocalpa spicatum | Cleisostoma crassum, Pomatocalpa mannii, Saccolabium setulense | Orchidaceae | Spiked Pouch-Lip Orchid |
| Pometia pinnata | Irina glabra, Pometia glabra, Euphoria pinnata | Sapindaceae | Island Leechee |
| Ponerorchis pathakiana | Amitostigma pathakianum | Orchidaceae | Arunachal Hemipilia |
| Pongamia pinnata | Millettia pinnata, Pongamia glabra, Derris indica, Cytisus pinnatus | Fabaceae | Pongam Tree |
| Pontederia cordata | Pontederia lanceolata, Pontederia nymphaeifolia, Pontederia ovalis | Pontederiaceae | Pickerel Weed |
| Pontederia crassipes | Eichhornia crassipes, Pontederia elongata | Pontederiaceae | Water Hyacinth |
| Pontederia hastata | Monochoria hastata, Monochoria hastifolia, Pontederia vaginalis Blanco | Pontederiaceae | Arrow Leaf Pondweed |
| Pontederia vaginalis | Monochoria vaginalis, Pontederia cordata Lour., Pontederia pauciflora | Pontederiaceae | Oval Leaf Pondweed |
| Populus ciliata | | Salicaceae | Himalayan Poplar |
| Populus nigra | Populus sosnowskyi | Salicaceae | Black Poplar |
| Porana volubilis | | Convolvulaceae | Horse-Tail Creeper |
| Poranopsis paniculata | Porana paniculata | Convolvulaceae | Bridal Bouquet |
| Porpax filiformis | Conchidium filiforme, Eria filiformis, Eria dalzellii | Orchidaceae | Threadlike Eria |
| Porpax jerdoniana | Eria jerdoniana, Porpax lichenora, Cryptochilus wightii | Orchidaceae | Rock Porpax |
| Porpax lacei | Eria lacei, Conchidium lacei | Orchidaceae | Light-Pink Porpax |
| Porpax reticulata | | Orchidaceae | Gramophone Orchid |
| Portulaca grandiflora | | Portulacaceae | Moss Rose |
| Portulaca molokiniensis | | Portulacaceae | Molokini Moss Rose |
| Portulaca oleracea | | Portulacaceae | Purslane |
| Portulaca pilosa | Portulaca lanata, Portulaca mundula, Portulaca poliosperma | Portulacaceae | Kiss Me Quick |
| Portulaca quadrifida | | Portulacaceae | Chicken Weed |
| Portulaca tuberosa | Portulaca pilosa var. tuberosa, Portulaca badamica | Portulacaceae | Tuberous Purslane |
| Portulaca umbraticola | | Portulacaceae | Wingpod Purslane |
| Portulaca wightiana | Portulaca collina, Portulaca usambarensis | Portulacaceae | South-Indian Purslane |
| Posoqueria longiflora | | Rubiaceae | Needle Flower Tree |
| Potamogeton crispus | Potamogeton rubricans, Potamogeton serrulatus, Potamogeton tuberosus | Potamogetonaceae | Curled Pondweed |
| Potamogeton lucens | Buccaferrea lucida, Potamogeton dentatus, Potamogeton zizii | Potamogetonaceae | Shining Pondweed |
| Potamogeton nodosus | Potamogeton americanus | Potamogetonaceae | Long Leaf Pondweed |
| Potentilla anserina | Fragaria anserina, Dactylophyllum anserinam, Argentina anserina | Rosaceae | Silverweed Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla argyrophylla | Potentilla atrosanguinea var. argyrophylla | Rosaceae | Silverleaf Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla atrosanguinea | Potentilla argyrophylla var. atrosanguinea, Potentilla cathaclines | Rosaceae | Ruby Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla biflora | Potentilla biflora var. biflora, Potentilla inglisii | Rosaceae | Two-Flower Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla clarkei | | Rosaceae | Kashmir Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla cuneata | Potentilla ambigua, Potentilla dolichopogon | Rosaceae | Five Finger Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla curviseta | | Rosaceae | West-Himalayan Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla desertorum | Potentilla arnavatensis | Rosaceae | Desert Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla eriocarpa | Potentilla davidii | Rosaceae | Woolly-Fruit Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla fragarioides | Potentilla sprengeliana | Rosaceae | Strawberry Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla griffithii | | Rosaceae | Woolly-Sepal Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla grisea | Potentilla grisea var. ripcola | Rosaceae | Turkistan Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla indica | Duchesnea indica, Fragaria indica | Rosaceae | Indian Strawberry |
| Potentilla lineata | Argentina lineata, Potentilla fulgens var. macrophylla, Potentilla martinii | Rosaceae | Lined Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla microphylla | Argentina microphylla, Sibbaldia pusilla, Potentilla microphylla var. multijuga | Rosaceae | Tiny Leaved Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla multifida | Potentilla plurijuga, Potentilla hypoleuca | Rosaceae | Feather-Leaved Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla nepalensis | Potentilla bicolor, Potentilla coccinea, Potentilla bifurcata | Rosaceae | Nepal Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla pamirica | | Rosaceae | Pamir Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla peduncularis | | Rosaceae | East Himalayan Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla polyphylla | Argentina polyphylla, Potentilla barbata, Potentilla mooniana | Rosaceae | Many Leaved Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla purpurea | Sibbaldia purpurea | Rosaceae | Purple Glow Wort |
| Potentilla reptans | | Rosaceae | Creeping Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla saundersiana | | Rosaceae | Saunders Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla sundaica | Potentilla kleiniana, Potentilla reptans var. trifoliolata, Fragaria sundaica | Rosaceae | Five-Leaf Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla supina | Comarum flavum, Fragaria supina, Potentilla prostrata | Rosaceae | Spreading Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla tetrandra | Sibbaldia tetrandra, Dryadanthe tetrandra, Dryadanthe bungeana | Rosaceae | Four-Stamen Cinquefoil |
| Pothos scandens | Batis hermaphrodita, Pothos hermaphroditus | Araceae | Climbing Aroid |
| Pouteria gardneriana | Labatia lanceolata, Lucuma gardneriana, Pouteria suavis | Sapotaceae | Aguai |
| Pouzolzia sanguinea | Pouzolzia montana, Pouzolzia ovalis, Pouzolzia viminea | Urticaceae | Red-Stem Pouzolz's Bush |
| Pouzolzia zeylanica | Pouzolzia indica, Parietaria zeylanica | Urticaceae | Graceful Pouzolz's Bush |
| Prangos pabularia | Koelzella pabularia, | Apiaceae | Prangos |
| Premna barbata | Gumira barbata, Premna calycina, Premna barbata var. anodon | Lamiaceae | Bearded Premna |
| Premna bracteata | Gumira bracteata, Surfacea bracteata, Premna racemosa | Lamiaceae | Bracted Premna |
| Premna coriacea | Gumira coriacea, Premna coriacea var. coriacea | Lamiaceae | Leathery Premna |
| Premna esculenta | Gumira esculenta | Lamiaceae | Edible Premna |
| Premna herbacea | Premna nana, Premna sessilifolia, Premna obovata | Lamiaceae | Stemless Premna |
| Premna mollissima | Premna latifolia, Premna viburnoides, Premna mucronata | Lamiaceae | Dusky Fire-Brand Teak |
| Premna resinosa | Gumira resinosa, Holochiloma resinosum | Lamiaceae | Resinous Premna |
| Premna serratifolia | Premna obtusifolia | Lamiaceae | Headache Tree |
| Premna tomentosa | Premna cordata, Premna flavescens | Lamiaceae | Woolly-Leaved Fire-Brand Teak |
| Primula assamica | | Primulaceae | Assam Primrose |
| Primula bracteosa | Primula boothii | Primulaceae | Orange Throated Primrose |
| Primula calderiana | Primula roylei, Primula calderiana var. alba | Primulaceae | Purple Golden-Eyed Primrose |
| Primula capitata | Primula crispata, Primula mooreana | Primulaceae | Capitata Primrose |
| Primula denticulata | Primula aequalis, Primula elata, Primula telemachica | Primulaceae | Drumstick Primrose |
| Primula deuteronana | Primula petiolaris var. nana Hook. f. | Primulaceae | Dwarf Sikkim Primrose |
| Primula dickieana | Aleuritia dickieana | Primulaceae | Amber-Throated Primrose |
| Primula elliptica | Primula spathulacea | Primulaceae | Elliptic-Leaf Primrose |
| Primula filipes | Primula wallichiana, Primula forbesii, Primula multicaulis | Primulaceae | Baby Primrose |
| Primula floribunda | Evotrochis floribunda | Primulaceae | Buttercup Primrose |
| Primula gambeliana | | Primulaceae | Violet East-Himalayan Primrose |
| Primula geraniifolia | Primula humicola | Primulaceae | Geranium Primrose |
| Primula glabra | | Primulaceae | Hairless Primrose |
| Primula glomerata | | Primulaceae | Globe Primrose |
| Primula gracilipes | Primula scullyi, Primula sulphurea | Primulaceae | Dwarf East-Himalayan Primrose |
| Primula griffithii | Primula obtusifolia var. griffithii | Primulaceae | Violet Primrose |
| Primula hookeri | Primula hookeri var. hookeri, Primula vernicosa | Primulaceae | Shining White Primrose |
| Primula inayatii | | Primulaceae | Yellow-Eyed Pink Primrose |
| Primula macrophylla var. macrophylla | | Primulaceae | Large Leaf Primrose |
| Primula macrophylla var. moorcroftiana | Primula meeboldii, Primula moorcroftiana | Primulaceae | Notched-Petal Large Leaf Primrose |
| Primula malacoides | Auganthus malacoides, Primula delicata | Primulaceae | Fairy Primrose |
| Primula matthioli | Cortusa himalaica | Primulaceae | Himalayan Bell Primrose |
| Primula minutissima | Primula heydei | Primulaceae | Tiny Primrose |
| Primula munroi | Primula involucrata, Primula involucrata var. wallichii | Primulaceae | Tall Pale Primrose |
| Primula nana | Primula edgeworthii, Primula saxicola, Primula winteri | Primulaceae | Dwarf Primrose |
| Primula obconica | Primula bonatii, Primula poculiformis, Primula petitmenginii | Primulaceae | Poison Primrose |
| Primula obliqua | | Primulaceae | Himalayan White Primrose |
| Primula prolifera | | Primulaceae | Golden Candelabra Primrose |
| Primula reidii | | Primulaceae | West-Himalayan White Primrose |
| Primula reptans | Primula stracheyi | Primulaceae | Creeping Primrose |
| Primula rosea | Primula elegans | Primulaceae | Himalayan Meadow Primrose |
| Primula sapphirina | | Primulaceae | Sapphire Primrose |
| Primula sessilis | | Primulaceae | Stalkless Primrose |
| Primula sikkimensis | Primula pseudosikkimensis | Primulaceae | Sikkim Primrose |
| Primula sikkimensis var. hopeana | Primula hopeana, Primula ioessa var. hopeana | Primulaceae | White Sikkim Primrose |
| Primula spp. 'Dreambird' | | Primulaceae | Primrose Dreambird |
| Primula strumosa | | Primulaceae | Golden-Eyed Primrose |
| Primula stuartii | | Primulaceae | Lemon-Yellow Primrose |
| Primula vulgaris | Primula acaulis | Primulaceae | Common Primrose |
| Primula waltonii | Primula prionotes, Primula waltonii subsp. prionotes | Primulaceae | Rosy-Bells Primrose |
| Primula wattii | | Primulaceae | Purple-Bells Primrose |
| Prinsepia utilis | | Rosaceae | Himalayan Cherry Prinsepia |
| Pristimera arnottiana | Loeseneriella arnottiana, Hippocratea arnottiana | Celastraceae | Malabar Paddle-Pod |
| Pritchardia pacifica | Washingtonia pacifica, Eupritchardia pacifica, Styloma pacifica | Arecaceae | Fiji Fan Palm |
| Priva cordifolia | Buchnera cordifolia, Priva abyssinica, Priva leptostachya | Verbenaceae | Heart-Leaf Velvet Bur |
| Procris repens | Pellionia repens Merr., Procris gibbosa, Pellionia daveauana | Urticaceae | Wavy Watermelon Begonia |
| Proiphys amboinensis | Eurycles amboinensis, Eurycles sylvestris | Amaryllidaceae | Cardwell Lily |
| Prosopis cineraria | Mimosa cineraria, Prosopis spicata, Prosopis spicigera | Mimosaceae | Khejri Tree |
| Prosopis juliflora | | Mimosaceae | Algaroba |
| Protium serratum | Bursera serrata | Burseraceae | Indian Red Pear |
| Prunella vulgaris | | Lamiaceae | Common Self-Heal |
| Prunus armeniaca | Armeniaca vulgaris | Rosaceae | Apricot |
| Prunus avium | Cerasus avium, Prunus juliana, Prunus varia | Rosaceae | Sweet Cherry |
| Prunus cerasoides | Cerasus cerasoides, Prunus puddum, Cerasus puddum | Rosaceae | Wild Himalayan Cherry |
| Prunus ceylanica | Pygeum zeylanicum, Pygeum cochinchinense, Polydontia ceylanica | Rosaceae | Ceylon Cherry |
| Prunus cornuta | Padus cornuta, Cerasus cornuta | Rosaceae | Himalayan Bird Cherry |
| Prunus domestica subsp. italica | Prunus italica Borkh. | Rosaceae | Greengage |
| Prunus domestica | | Rosaceae | Plum |
| Prunus dulcis | Prunus amygdalus, Prunus communis | Rosaceae | Almond |
| Prunus himalayana | Maddenia himalaica | Rosaceae | Himalayan Madden-Cherry |
| Prunus javanica | Prunus nitida, Prunus oblonga, Prunus martabanica | Rosaceae | Java Cherry |
| Prunus laurocerasus | Cerasus laurocerasus, Prunus grandifolia | Rosaceae | Cherry Laurel |
| Prunus persica | | Rosaceae | Peach |
| Prunus prostrata | Cerasus humilis, Prunus humilis Colla | Rosaceae | Mountain Cherry |
| Prunus rufa | Cerasus rufa, Prunus ferruginea, Prunus rufa var. rufa | Rosaceae | Himalayan Cherry |
| Prunus tomentosa | Cerasus tomentosa, Prunus trichocarpa | Rosaceae | Nanjing Cherry |
| Prunus undulata | Lauro-cerasus undulata, Cerasus undulata, Prunus integerrima | Rosaceae | Wavy-Leaf Himalayan Cherry |
| Psammophiliella muralis | Gypsophila muralis, Gypsophila arvensis, Gypsophila serotina | Caryophyllaceae | Low Baby's-Breath |
| Pseudanthistiria heteroclita | Andropogon heteroclitus, Anthistiria heteroclita, Sorghum heteroclitum | Poaceae | Indian Christmas Grass |
| Pseudarthria viscida | Hedysarum viscidum, Desmodium timoriense, Desmodium viscidum auct. non DC. | Fabaceae | Sticky Desmodium |
| Pseudelephantopus spicatus | Elephantopus spicatus | Asteraceae | Spiked Elephant Foot |
| Pseuderanthemum album | Eranthemum album, Justicia alba, Rhinacanthus albus | Acanthaceae | White Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum arunachalense | | Acanthaceae | Arunachal False Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum crenulatum | Eranthemum crenulatum, Eranthemum blumei, Eranthemum diantherum | Acanthaceae | East-Asian Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum latifolium | Justicia latifolia, Justicia palatifera, Pseuderanthemum palatiferum | Acanthaceae | Broad-Leaf False Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum | | Acanthaceae | Shooting Star |
| Pseuderanthemum leptanthum | Pseuderanthemum leptanthus, Eranthemum leptanthus, Siphoneranthemum leptanthum | Acanthaceae | Thin-Flower False Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum maculatum | Pseuderanthemum carruthersii, Eranthemum versicolor, Eranthemum atropurpureum | Acanthaceae | Dotted Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum malabaricum | Eranthemum malabaricum | Acanthaceae | Malabar False Eranthemum |
| Pseudobartsia glandulosa | Euphrasia glandulosa, Pseudobartsia yunnanensis, Phtheirospermum glandulosum | Orobanchaceae | Sticky Eyebright |
| Pseudobombax ellipticum | Bombax ellipticum | Malvaceae | Shaving Brush Tree |
| Pseudobombax ellipticum var. alba | | Malvaceae | White Shaving Brush Tree |
| Pseudocaryopteris bicolor | Caryopteris bicolor, Clerodendrum odoratum, Caryopteris odorata | Verbenaceae | Bluebeard |
| Pseudocaryopteris foetida | Caryopteris grata, Caryopteris foetida, Clerodendrum foetidum | Verbenaceae | Stinking Bluebeard |
| Pseudodissochaeta assamica | Backeria assamica, Diplectria assamica, Medinilla assamica | Melastomataceae | Assam Bristletips |
| Pseudognaphalium adnatum | Anaphalis adnata, Gnaphalium adnatum, Gnaphalium esquirolii | Asteraceae | Tall Cudweed |
| Pseudognaphalium affine | Gnaphalium affine, Helichrysum affine, Gnaphalium javanicum | Asteraceae | Cotton Weed |
| Pseudognaphalium hypoleucum | Gnaphalium hypoleucum, Gnaphalium confertum | Asteraceae | White Leaved Cudweed |
| Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum | Gnaphalium luteoalbum, Gnaphalium pallidum | Asteraceae | Weedy Cudweed |
| Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides | Senecio confusus, Senecio chenopodioides | Asteraceae | Mexican Flame Vine |
| Pseudomussaenda flava | Mussaenda flava, Vignaldia luteola, Virecta lanceolata | Rubiaceae | Dwarf Mussaenda |
| Pseudopodospermum hispanicum | Scorzonera sativa, Scorzonera edulis, Scorzonera hispanica | Asteraceae | Black Salsify |
| Pseudopogonatherum trispicatum | Andropogon trispicatus, Erianthus rufus, Eulalia trispicata | Poaceae | Three-Spike Silvergrass |
| Pseudosorghum fasciculare | Andropogon fascicularis, Sorghum fasciculare, Andropogon gangeticus | Poaceae | Ganga Beardgrass |
| Pseudostellaria himalaica | Krascheninikovia himalaica, Stellaria davidi var. himalaica, Pseudostellaria heterantha var. himalaica | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Starwort |
| Pseudostellaria webbiana | Stellaria webbiana, Leucostemma webbianum | Caryophyllaceae | Narrow-Leaf Chickweed |
| Pseudostreblus indicus | Streblus indicus | Moraceae | East-Indian Streblus |
| Psidium cattleianum | | Myrtaceae | Chinese Guava |
| Psidium guajava | Psidium fragrans, Psidium pomiferum, Psidium cujavus | Myrtaceae | Guava |
| Psidium guajava | | Myrtaceae | Red Malaysian Guava |
| Psidium guineense | Guajava guineensis, Guajava laurifolia | Myrtaceae | Brazilian Guava |
| Psilotrichum patulum | Celosia patula, Psilotrichum elliotii, Psilotrichum ovatum | Amaranthaceae | Spreading Psilotrichum |
| Psophocarpus tetragonolobus | | Fabaceae | Winged Bean |
| Psychotria dalzellii | Uragoga dalzellii | Rubiaceae | Deccan Psychotria |
| Psychotria flavida | | Rubiaceae | South Indian Wild Coffee |
| Psychotria silhetensis | Uragoga silhetensis | Rubiaceae | Sylhet Psychotria |
| Psychotria truncata | Grumilea vaginans, Psychotria heyneana, Psychotria vaginans, Uragoga truncata | Rubiaceae | Malabar Psychotria |
| Psychrogeton andryaloides | Conyza andryaloides, Erigeron andryaloides, Diplopappus andryaloides | Asteraceae | Lahaul Fleabane |
| Psychrogeton poncinsii | Aster poncinsii, Psychrogeton andryaloides var. poncinsii, Erigeron poncinsii | Asteraceae | Ladakh Fleabane |
| Psydrax dicoccos | Canthium dicoccum, Plectronia dicocca, Vangueria dicocca | Rubiaceae | Ceylon Boxwood |
| Psydrax umbellatus | Canthium umbellatum, Canthium umbellulatum, Plectronia umbellata | Rubiaceae | Umbelled Canthium |
| Psylliostachys suworowii | Limonium suworowii, Statice suworowii | Plumbaginaceae | Russian Statice |
| Pternopetalum latipinnulatum | Pternopetalum botrychioides var. latipinnulatum | Apiaceae | Broadleaf Sac-Petal |
| Pterocarpus dalbergioides | Pterocarpus advenus, Pterocarpus indicus auct. non Willd. | Fabaceae | Andaman Redwood |
| Pterocarpus marsupium | Pterocarpus bilobus, Lingoum marsupium | Fabaceae | Indian Kino Tree |
| Pterocarpus santalinus | Lingoum santalinum, Draco santalum | Fabaceae | Red Sandalwood |
| Pteroceras indicum | | Orchidaceae | Indian Winged-Horn Orchid |
| Pteroceras teres | Dendrocolla teres, Aerides teres, Sarcochilus teres | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Winged-Horn Orchid |
| Pterocymbium tinctorium | Sterculia campanulata, Pterocymbium campanulatum | Sterculiaceae | Winged Boot Tree |
| Pterolobium hexapetalum | Reichardia hexapetala | Caesalpiniaceae | Indian Redwing |
| Pterospermum acerifolium | | Sterculiaceae | Kanak Champa |
| Pterospermum aceroides | Pterospermum acerifolium auct. non Willd. | Sterculiaceae | Andaman Kanak Champa |
| Pterospermum reticulatum | Pterospermadendron reticulatum | Sterculiaceae | South-Indian Kanak Champa |
| Pterospermum rubiginosum | Pterospermadendron rubiginosum | Sterculiaceae | Rusty Kanak Champa |
| Pterospermum xylocarpum | Velaga xylocarpa, Pentaglottis suberifolia, Pterospermum donianum | Sterculiaceae | Woody-Fruit Bayur Tree |
| Pterygota alata | Sterculia alata | Sterculiaceae | Buddha Coconut |
| Ptilotrichum canescens | Alyssum canescens, Anodontea canescens, Stevenia canescens | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Alyssum |
| Ptychosperma macarthurii | Kentia macarthurii | Arecaceae | MacArthur Palm |
| Pueraria edulis | Pueraria bicalcarata, Pueraria quadristipellata | Fabaceae | Edible Kudzu |
| Pueraria montana var. lobata | Pueraria thunbergiana, Pueraria triloba, Pueraria hirsuta | Fabaceae | Kudzu Vine |
| Pueraria tuberosa | Hedysarum tuberosum | Fabaceae | Indian Kudzu |
| Pulicaria dysenterica | Inula dysenterica | Asteraceae | Common Fleabane |
| Pulicaria undulata | Pulicaria crispa, Inula crispa, Aster crispus, Inula undulata | Asteraceae | Desert Golden Daisy |
| Pulicaria wightiana | | Asteraceae | Sontikli |
| Punica granatum | | Lythraceae | Pomegranate |
| Pupalia lappacea | Achyranthes lappacea | Amaranthaceae | Forest Burr |
| Putranjiva roxburghii | Drypetes roxburghii, Nageia putranjiva | Putranjivaceae | Putranjiva |
| Pycnospora lutescens | Crotalaria nervosa, Hedysarum lutescens, Indigofera desmodioides | Fabaceae | Tiny Sweetvetch |
| Pyracantha crenulata | | Rosaceae | Nepalese Firethorn |
| Pyrenaria diospyricarpa var. camelliiflora | Pyrenaria camelliiflora | Theaceae | Camellia Bat-Apple |
| Pyrenaria khasiana var. lakhimpurensis | | Theaceae | Lakhimpur Tree Camellia |
| Pyrethrum pyrethroides | Chrysanthemum pyrethroides, Richteria pyrethroides, Tanacetum pyrethroides | Asteraceae | Himalayan Chrysanthemum |
| Pyrostegia venusta | Bignonia ignea, Bignonia venusta, Pyrostegia ignea | Bignoniaceae | Flaming Trumpet |
| Pyrus calleryana | | Rosaceae | Ornamental Pear |
| Pyrus communis | | Rosaceae | Pear |
| Pyrus pashia | Pyrus kumaoni, Pyrus nepalensis | Rosaceae | Himalayan Pear |
| Quassia amara | | Simaroubaceae | Bitter Quassia |
| Quassia indica | Samadera indica, Samadera madagascariensis | Simaroubaceae | Niepa Bark Tree |
| Quercus acutissima | | Fagaceae | Sawtooth Oak |
| Quercus baloot | Quercus ilicifolia | Fagaceae | Holly Oak |
| Quercus floribunda | Quercus himalayana, Quercus dilatata Royle | Fagaceae | Mohru Oak |
| Quercus glauca | Quercus annulata | Fagaceae | Glaucous Oak |
| Quercus lamellosa | Cyclobalanopsis lamellosa, Quercus imbricata | Fagaceae | Layered Acorn Oak |
| Quercus lanata subsp. lanata | Quercus oblongata, Quercus nepaulensis, Quercus banga | Fagaceae | Ban Oak |
| Quercus leucotrichophora | Quercus dealbata, Quercus incana | Fagaceae | Banjh Oak |
| Quercus robur | | Fagaceae | English Oak |
| Quercus semecarpifolia | Quercus cassura, Quercus obtusifolia | Fagaceae | Brown Oak |
| Quercus semiserrata | Cyclobalanopsis semiserrata, Quercus annulata | Fagaceae | Half-Toothed-Leaf Oak |
| Radermachera xylocarpa | Bignonia xylocarpa, Stereospermum xylocarpum | Bignoniaceae | Padri Tree |
| Radermachera yunnanensis | | Bignoniaceae | China Doll |
| Ranunculus arvensis | Cynomorbium heterophyllum | Ranunculaceae | Corn Buttercup |
| Ranunculus asiaticus | | Ranunculaceae | Persian Buttercup |
| Ranunculus brotherusii | Ranunculus affinis var. dasycarpus | Ranunculaceae | Cutleaf Buttercup |
| Ranunculus brotherusii var. tanguticus | Ranunculus tanguticus, Ranunculus affinis var. tanguticus | Ranunculaceae | Tibetan Buttercup |
| Ranunculus chinensis | | Ranunculaceae | Longfruit Chinese Buttercup |
| Ranunculus diffusus | Ranunculus mollis, Ranunculus nepalensis, Ranunculus decumbens | Ranunculaceae | Spreading Buttercup |
| Ranunculus distans | Ranunculus laetus | Ranunculaceae | Tall Himalayan Buttercup |
| Ranunculus hirtellus | | Ranunculaceae | Softly Hairy Buttercup |
| Ranunculus longicaulis | Ranunculus nephelogenes var. longicaulis, Ranunculus pulchellus var. longicaulis Trautv. | Ranunculaceae | Long-Stem Buttercup |
| Ranunculus muricatus | Ranunculus cabulicus, Ranunculus coronatus, Ranunculus graecus | Ranunculaceae | Spinyfruit Buttercup |
| Ranunculus pulchellus | | Ranunculaceae | Pretty Buttercup |
| Ranunculus pulchellus var. pulchellus | Ranunculus nephelogenes, Ranunculus affinis var. tibeticus | Ranunculaceae | Spear-Leaf Buttercup |
| Ranunculus sceleratus | Ranunculus indicus, Ranunculus umbellatus | Ranunculaceae | Celery-Leaved Buttercup |
| Ranunculus trichophyllus | Ranunculus aquatilis var. capillaceus, Ranunculus aquatilis var. trichophyllus | Ranunculaceae | Thread-Leaf Buttercup |
| Ranunculus trivedii | Ranunculus lobatus, Ranunculus salsuginosus D.Don | Ranunculaceae | Spoon-Leaf Buttercup |
| Ranunculus wallichianus | Ranunculus pinnatus | Ranunculaceae | Nilgiri Buttercup |
| Raphanus sativus | | Brassicaceae | Radish |
| Rauvolfia beddomei | Rauvolfia hookeri, Tabernaemontana verticillata | Apocynaceae | South-Indian Snake Root |
| Rauvolfia micrantha | Rauvolfia indosinensis, Rauvolfia littoralis, Rauvolfia vietnamensis | Apocynaceae | Small Flowered Snake Root |
| Rauvolfia serpentina | Rauwolfia serpentina | Apocynaceae | Sarpagandha |
| Rauvolfia tetraphylla | Rauvolfia canescens, Rauvolfia heterophylla, Rauvolfia hirsuta | Apocynaceae | Wild Snake Root |
| Rauvolfia verticillata | Rauvolfia densiflora, Rauvolfia chinensis, Rauvolfia major | Apocynaceae | Dense-Flowered Snake Root |
| Ravenala madagascariensis | | Strelitziaceae | Traveler's Palm |
| Ravenia spectabilis | Lemonia spectabilis, Limonia spectabilis | Rutaceae | Lemonia |
| Rehderodendron microcarpum | Rehderodendron gongshanense | Styracaceae | East-Himalayan Snowbell Tree |
| Reinwardtia cicanoba | Reinwardtia tetragyna, Linum tetragynum | Linaceae | Yellow Himalayan Flax |
| Reinwardtia indica | Reinwardtia trigyna, Linum trigynum, Linum repens | Linaceae | Yellow Flax |
| Reissantia indica | Pristimera indica, Hippocratea indica | Celastraceae | Mopane Paddle-Pod |
| Remusatia hookeriana | Gonatanthus ornatus, Remusatia ornata | Araceae | Purple-Stem Elephant-Ear |
| Remusatia pumila | Caladium pumilum, Colocasia pumila, Gonatanthus pumilus | Araceae | Dwarf Taro |
| Remusatia vivipara | Arum viviparum, Colocasia vivipara, Remusatia formosana | Araceae | Hitchhiker Elephant Ear |
| Renanthera imschootiana | | Orchidaceae | Red Vanda |
| Reutealis trisperma | Aleurites trisperma | Euphorbiaceae | Philippine Tung Tree |
| Rhamnus procumbens | Rhamnus rupestris | Rhamnaceae | Creeping Buckthorn |
| Rhamnus purpurea | | Rhamnaceae | Purple Buckthorn |
| Rhamnus triquetra | Ceanothus triquetrus | Rhamnaceae | Three-Lobed Buckthorn |
| Rhamnus virgata | | Rhamnaceae | Cane Buckthorn |
| Rhamnus wightii | | Rhamnaceae | Climbing Buckthorn |
| Rhamphicarpa fistulosa | Rhamphicarpa longiflora, Rhamphicarpa elongata | Orobanchaceae | Tutari |
| Rhaphidophora decursiva | Raphidophora decursiva | Araceae | Creeping Philodendron |
| Rhaphidophora glauca | Monstera glauca, Pothos glaucus, Pothos wallichii | Araceae | Glaucous Philodendron |
| Rhaphidophora lancifolia | | Araceae | Lanceleaf Philodendron |
| Rhaphidophora pertusa | Monstera pertusa, Scindapsus pertusus, Pothos pertusus | Araceae | Perforated Philodendron |
| Rhaphiolepis indica | Crataegus indica, Mespilus indica, Pyrus rhaphiolepis | Rosaceae | Indian Hawthorn |
| Rhapis excelsa | Rhapis major, Rhapis cordata , Rhapis javanica | Arecaceae | Lady Palm |
| Rheum australe | Rheum emodi Wall. ex Meisn. | Polygonaceae | Himalayan Rhubarb |
| Rheum moorcroftianum | | Polygonaceae | West-Himalayan Rhubarb |
| Rheum nobile | | Polygonaceae | Sikkim Rhubarb |
| Rheum spiciforme | | Polygonaceae | Spiked Rhubarb |
| Rheum webbianum | Rheum emodi Wall. | Polygonaceae | Indian Rhubarb |
| Rhinacanthus beesianus | | Acanthaceae | Chinese Snake Jasmine |
| Rhinacanthus calcaratus | Justicia calcarata, Adhatoda klotschyi, Rostellaria schimperi | Acanthaceae | Indochinese Snake Jasmine |
| Rhinacanthus nasutus | Rhinacanthus nasuta, Justicia nasuta, Rhinacanthus communis | Acanthaceae | Snake Jasmine |
| Rhipsalidopsis gaertneri | Hatiora gaertneri, Epiphyllum gaertneri | Cactaceae | Easter Cactus |
| Rhizophora apiculata | | Rhizophoraceae | Tall-Stilt Mangrove |
| Rhizophora mucronata | | Rhizophoraceae | Asiatic Mangrove |
| Rhodanthe chlorocephala subsp. rosea | Helipterum roseum, Acroclinium roseum | Asteraceae | Rosy Everlasting |
| Rhodiola bupleuroides | Sedum bupleuroides, Rhodiola bhutanica | Crassulaceae | Bhutan Roseroot |
| Rhodiola coccinea | Sedum coccineum, Sedum quadrifidum subsp. coccineum | Crassulaceae | Red Roseroot |
| Rhodiola crenulata | Rhodiola euryphylla, Sedum crenulatum, Sedum rotundatum | Crassulaceae | Scalloped-Leaf Roseroot |
| Rhodiola cretinii | Rhodiola cretinii subsp. cretinii, Sedum cretinii | Crassulaceae | Green Roseroot |
| Rhodiola fastigiata | Sedum fastigiatum, Sedum quadrifidum var. fastigiatum, Rhodiola coccinea | Crassulaceae | Clustered Roseroot |
| Rhodiola heterodonta | | Crassulaceae | Toothed Roseroot |
| Rhodiola himalensis | Chamaerhodiola himalensis | Crassulaceae | Himalayan Roseroot |
| Rhodiola imbricata | Sedum imbricatum | Crassulaceae | Overlapping-Leaves Roseroot |
| Rhodiola quadrifida | Sedum quadrifidum, Kirpicznikovia quadrifida, Chamaerhodiola quadrifida | Crassulaceae | Four-Petal Roseroot |
| Rhodiola sinuata | Sedum trifidum Wall., Sedum sinuatum, Sedum linearifolium | Crassulaceae | Trifid Roseroot |
| Rhodiola tibetica | Sedum tibeticum, Sedum stracheyi | Crassulaceae | Tibetan Roseroot |
| Rhodiola wallichiana | | Crassulaceae | Yellow-Star Roseroot |
| Rhododendron aeruginosum | Rhododendron campanulatum var. aeruginosum | Ericaceae | Rusty Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron anthopogon | Rhododendron anthopogon var. album | Ericaceae | Dwarf Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron arboreum subsp. cinnamomeum | Rhododendron arboreum var. cinnamomeum, Rhododendron cinnamomeum | Ericaceae | Pink Tree Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron arboreum subsp. nilagiricum | Rhododendron nilagiricum, Rhododendron arboreum var. nilagiricum | Ericaceae | Nilgiri Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron arboreum | | Ericaceae | Tree Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron arboreum var. roseum | Rhododendron arboreum var. album | Ericaceae | White Tree Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron baileyi | Rhododendron thyodocum | Ericaceae | Tall Scaly Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron barbatum | Rhododendron lancifolium | Ericaceae | Barbed-Stalk Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron campanulatum | | Ericaceae | Bell Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron campylocarpum | Rhododendron campylocarpum subsp. campylocarpum | Ericaceae | Curved-Fruit Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron cephalanthum | Rhododendron chamaetortum | Ericaceae | Flowering Head Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron ciliatum | | Ericaceae | Fringed Leaf Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron cinnabarinum | | Ericaceae | Cinnabar Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron dalhousieae | Rhododendron dalhousieae var. dalhousieae, Azalea macrocarpa | Ericaceae | Lady Dalhousie Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron 'Delaware Valley White' | | Ericaceae | Delaware Valley White Azalea |
| Rhododendron edgeworthii | Rhododendron bullatum | Ericaceae | Inflated Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron glaucophyllum | | Ericaceae | Rosy Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron grande | Rhododendron longifolium, Rhododendron argenteum | Ericaceae | Grand Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron griffithianum | Rhododendron aucklandii, Rhododendron oblongum | Ericaceae | Oblong-Leaf Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron hodgsonii | | Ericaceae | Pink-Ball Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron hylaeum | | Ericaceae | Speckled Pink Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron hypenanthum | Rhododendron anthopogon var. hypenanthum | Ericaceae | Yellow Dwarf Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron inaequale | Rhododendron formosum var. inaequale | Ericaceae | Unequal-Flowers Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron keysii | Rhododendron keysii var. unicolor | Ericaceae | Tubeflower Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron lanatum | Rhododendron flinckii, Rhododendron luciferum | Ericaceae | Woolly Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron lepidotum | | Ericaceae | Pink Scaly Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron lepidotum | | Ericaceae | Yellow Scaly Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron leptocarpum | Rhododendron pumilum Nutt., Rhododendron micromeres | Ericaceae | Narrow-Fruit Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron maddenii | Rhododendron brachysiphon, Rhododendron polyandrum | Ericaceae | Short-Tube Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron megeratum | | Ericaceae | Megera Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron neriiflorum subsp. phaedropum | Rhododendron tawangense | Ericaceae | Tawang Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron nivale | | Ericaceae | Dwarf Snow Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron niveum | | Ericaceae | Bell Snow Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron pendulum | | Ericaceae | Pendulous Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron setosum | | Ericaceae | Bristly Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron thomsonii | | Ericaceae | Crimson Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron triflorum | Rhododendron triflorum subsp. triflorum | Ericaceae | Three-Flowered Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron wightii | | Ericaceae | White-Bell Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron yedoense | | Ericaceae | Korean Azalea |
| Rhodomyrtus tomentosa | Myrtus tomentosa, Myrtus canescens, Cynomyrtus tomentosa | Myrtaceae | Rose Myrtle |
| Rhopalephora scaberrima | Commelina scaberrima, Tradescantia scaberrima, Aneilema scaberrimum | Commelinaceae | Rough Dayflower |
| Rhopalocnemis phalloides | Phaeocordylis areolata | Balanophoraceae | Stinkhorn Clubhead |
| Rhus chinensis | Rhus semialata, Rhus javanica var. chinensis, Rhus amela | Anacardiaceae | Chinese Sumac |
| Rhus mysorensis | | Anacardiaceae | Mysore Sumac |
| Rhus punjabensis | Toxicodendron punjabense | Anacardiaceae | Punjab Poison Oak |
| Rhynchanthus longiflorus | | Gesneriaceae | East-Indian Beak-Flower |
| Rhynchoglossum ampliatum | Klugia ampliata | Gesneriaceae | Large Tongue-Lip |
| Rhynchoglossum lazulinum | | Gesneriaceae | Arunachal Tongue-Lip |
| Rhynchoglossum notonianum | Klugia notoniana, Wulfenia notoniana | Gesneriaceae | South-Indian Tongue-Lip |
| Rhynchoglossum obliquum | Loxotis obliqua, Rhynchoglossum obliquum var. parviflora | Gesneriaceae | Small-Flowered Tongue-Lip |
| Rhynchosia aurea | Rhynchosia elongata, Glycine aurea, Glycine elongata, Hedysarum aureum | Fabaceae | Golden-Flowered Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia bracteata | Rhynchosia arvensis, Atylosia candicans | Fabaceae | Field Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia cana | Glycine cana | Fabaceae | Grey Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia capitata | Glycine capitata, Nomismia capitata | Fabaceae | Clustered-Flower Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia courtallensis | Dunbaria latifolia | Fabaceae | Courtallam Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia densiflora | Glycine densiflora | Fabaceae | Dense-Flowered Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia falconeri | | Fabaceae | Indian Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia himalensis | | Fabaceae | Himalayan Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia hirta | Rhynchosia cyanosperma, Rhynchosia albiflora | Fabaceae | Hairy Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia minima | Dolicholus minimus, Dolichos minimus | Fabaceae | Burn-Mouth Vine |
| Rhynchosia minima var. memnonia | Rhynchosia memnonia, Rhynchosia minima subsp. memnonia | Fabaceae | Memnonia Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia rothii | Rhynchosia sericea, Rhynchosia mollissima | Fabaceae | Silky Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia rufescens | Flemingia rothiana, Glycine rufescens | Fabaceae | Rusty Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia suaveolens | Glycine suaveolens, Hedysarum venosum | Fabaceae | Sweet-Scented Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia viscosa | Rhynchosia sericophylla, Rhynchosia grevei, Glycine viscosa | Fabaceae | Sticky Snoutbean |
| Rhynchospora colorata | Cyperus kyllingia, Rhynchospora stellata, Schoenus coloratus | Cyperaceae | Star Sedge |
| Rhynchospora wightiana | Haplostylis wightianus, Rhynchospora discolor | Cyperaceae | Two-Color Beak-Sedge |
| Rhynchostylis coelestis | Vanda pseudocaerulescens, Saccolabium coeleste | Orchidaceae | Sky-Blue Rhynchostylis |
| Rhynchostylis retusa | | Orchidaceae | Foxtail Orchid |
| Rhynchotechum calycinum | | Gesneriaceae | White Rhynchotechum |
| Rhynchotechum ellipticum | Corysanthera elliptica, Rhynchotechum latifolium, Chelone latifolia | Gesneriaceae | Elliptic Rhynchotechum |
| Rhynchotechum nirijuliense | | Gesneriaceae | Nirijuli Rhynchotechum |
| Rhynchotechum obovatum | Chiliandra obovata | Gesneriaceae | Obovate Rhynchotechum |
| Rhynchotechum parviflorum | | Gesneriaceae | Small-Flowered Rhynchotechum |
| Rhynchotechum vestitum | Corysanthera vestita | Gesneriaceae | Hairy Rhynchotechum |
| Ribes alpestre | Ribes alpestre var. alpestre , Ribes alpestre var. commune | Grossulariaceae | Asian Gooseberry |
| Ribes glaciale | Ribes laciniatum | Grossulariaceae | Frilly Leaf Currant |
| Ribes griffithii | | Grossulariaceae | Long-Leaf-Stalk Gooseberry |
| Ribes heterotrichum | Grossularia adenophylla | Grossulariaceae | Mongolian Gooseberry |
| Ribes himalense | Ribes rubrum, Ribes emodense | Grossulariaceae | Himalayan Gooseberry |
| Ribes orientale | | Grossulariaceae | Oriental Gooseberry |
| Richardia scabra | Richardsonia scabra, Spermacoce hirsuta | Rubiaceae | Rough Mexican Clover |
| Ricinus communis | | Euphorbiaceae | Castor Bean Plant |
| Rivea hypocrateriformis | Convolvulus hypoleucus, Rivea fragrans, Rivea ornata | Convolvulaceae | Midnapore Creeper |
| Rivina humilis | Rivina laevis, Rivina glabrata, Rivina bengalensis | Phytolaccaceae | Pigeon Berry |
| Robinia pseudoacacia | | Fabaceae | White Locust Tree |
| Robiquetia josephiana | | Orchidaceae | Deccan Robiquetia |
| Rodriguezia lanceolata | Burlingtonia rosea, Rodriguezia secunda, Pleurothallis coccinea | Orchidaceae | Lava Burst Orchid |
| Rondeletia odorata | | Rubiaceae | Fragrant Panama Rose |
| Rorippa benghalensis | Nasturtium benghalense, Nasturtium indicum var. benghalense | Brassicaceae | Bengal Field-Cress |
| Rorippa cochlearioides | Cochlearia cochlearioides, Alyssum cochlearioides, Cochlearia flava | Brassicaceae | Scurvy-Grass Yellow Cress |
| Rorippa dubia | Cardamine sublyrata, Rorippa heterophylla | Brassicaceae | Diverse-Leaf Yellow Cress |
| Rorippa indica | Nasturtium indicum, Sisymbrium indicum | Brassicaceae | Indian Field-Cress |
| Rorippa palustris | Sisymbrium amphibium var. palustre, Rorippa islandica | Brassicaceae | Marsh Yellow Cress |
| Rorippa sylvestris | Cardamine silvestris, | Brassicaceae | Yellow Fieldcress |
| Rosa banksiae | | Rosaceae | Lady Banks Rose |
| Rosa brunonii | Rosa clavigera, Rosa pubescens, Rosa moschata var. nepalensis | Rosaceae | Himalayan Musk Rose |
| Rosa canina | | Rosaceae | Dog Rose |
| Rosa chinensis var. minima | Rosa indica var. humilis, Rosa indica var. minima, Rosa laurentiae, Rosa lawranceana, Rosa rouletii, Rosa semperflorens var. minima, Rosa nanula | Rosaceae | Mini Rose |
| Rosa chinensis 'Viridiflora' | | Rosaceae | Green Rose |
| Rosa foetida | Rosa bicolor, Rosa foetida f. persiana | Rosaceae | Persian Yellow Rose |
| Rosa gigantea | Rosa macrocarpa | Rosaceae | Manipur Wild-Tea Rose |
| Rosa 'Happy Wanderer' | | Rosaceae | Rose Happy Wanderer |
| Rosa indica | Rosa x borboniana, Rosa pannosa | Rosaceae | Indian Fragrant Rose |
| Rosa leschenaultiana | Rosa wallichii, Rosa sempervirens var. leschenaultiana | Rosaceae | Nilgiri Climbing Rose |
| Rosa longicuspis | | Rosaceae | Shillong Climbing Rose |
| Rosa macrophylla | | Rosaceae | Himalayan Rose |
| Rosa moschata | | Rosaceae | Musk Rose |
| Rosa multiflora | | Rosaceae | Multiflora Rose |
| Rosa multiflora var. carnea | | Rosaceae | Pink Multiflora Rose |
| Rosa roxburghii | Rosa microphylla var. glabra | Rosaceae | Double Chestnut Rose |
| Rosa sericea | Rosa tetrapetala, Rosa wallichii, Rosa polyphylla, Rosa omiensis | Rosaceae | Silky Rose |
| Rosa 'Summer Snow' | | Rosaceae | Rose Summer Snow |
| Rosa webbiana | | Rosaceae | Tall Wild Rose |
| Rosa x damascena | | Rosaceae | Damask Rose |
| Rosa x fortuniana | Rosa fortuneana | Rosaceae | Fortuniana Rose |
| Rosa 'Yellow Doll' | | Rosaceae | Yellow Doll Rose |
| Roscoea alpina | | Zingiberaceae | Mountain Roscoe Lily |
| Roscoea auriculata | Roscoea sikkimensis | Zingiberaceae | East-Himalayan Roscoe Lily |
| Roscoea purpurea | Roscoea purpurea f. alba, Roscoea purpurea var. gigantea | Zingiberaceae | Purple Roscoe Lily |
| Rosenbergiodendron formosum | Randia formosa, Mussaenda formosa, Gardenia mussaenda | Rubiaceae | Blackberry Jam Fruit |
| Rostellularia procumbens | Justicia procumbens, Justicia media, Justicia hirtella | Acanthaceae | Water Willow |
| Rosularia adenotricha | Sedum adenotrichum, Sedum griffithii, Sedum adenocalyx | Crassulaceae | Hairy Sepal Sedum |
| Rosularia alpestris | Sedum umbilicoides, Sedum durisii, Sedum olgae | Crassulaceae | Lower Mountain Sedum |
| Rosularia rosulata | Sedum rosulatum, Umbilicus radicans | Crassulaceae | Rosette-Leaf Sedum |
| Rotala densiflora | Sellowia uliginosa, Rotala densiflora subsp. uliginosa | Lythraceae | Dense-Flowered Rotala |
| Rotala fimbriata | Ammannia pentandra var. fimbriata | Lythraceae | Fringed Flower Rotala |
| Rotala floribunda | Ameletia floribunda, Nimmoia floribunda, Ammannia floribunda | Lythraceae | Free-Flowering Rotala |
| Rotala illecebroides | Ammannia illecebroides | Lythraceae | Charming Rotala |
| Rotala macrandra | | Lythraceae | Giant Red Rotala |
| Rotala malampuzhensis | | Lythraceae | Malampurha Rotala |
| Rotala rosea | Ammannia leptopetala, Ammannia rosea, Rotala pentandra | Lythraceae | Rosy Rotala |
| Rotala rotundifolia | Ammannia rotundifolia | Lythraceae | Roundleaf Toothcup |
| Rotala sahyadrica | | Lythraceae | Sahyadri Rotala |
| Rotala tenuis | Ammania tenuis, Micranthus serpyllifolia, Rotala serpyllifolia | Lythraceae | Slender Rotala |
| Rotheca microphylla | Rotheca incisa, Clerodendrum macrosiphon, Clerodendrum incisum | Verbenaceae | Musical Note |
| Rotheca serrata | Volkameria serrata, Clerodendrum serratum, Cyclonema serratum | Verbenaceae | Blue Fountain Bush |
| Rothia indica | Trigonella indica, Lotus indicus, Rothia trifoliata | Fabaceae | Indian Rothia |
| Rotula aquatica | Carmona viminea, Ehretia viminea, Rhabdia viminea | Boraginaceae | Aquatic Rotula |
| Roylea cinerea | Roylea elegans, Roylea calycina, Phlomis calycina | Lamiaceae | Ashy Roylea |
| Roystonea regia | | Arecaceae | Royal Palm |
| Rubia cordifolia | Rubia cordata, Galium cordifolium, Rubia scandens | Rubiaceae | Indian Madder |
| Rubia manjith | Rubia munjista, Rubia cordifolia var. munjista, Rubia cordifolia var. khasiana | Rubiaceae | Manjith |
| Rubia tibetica | Rubia transalaica | Rubiaceae | Tibetan Madder |
| Rubus assamensis | Rubus sepalanthus, Rubus bahanensis, Rubus qinglongensis | Rosaceae | Assam Raspberry |
| Rubus biflorus | Rubus biflorus var. spinocalycinus | Rosaceae | Two-Flower Raspberry |
| Rubus calycinoides | Rubus bhotanensis, Rubus himalaicus, Rubus fallax, Rubus darschilingensis | Rosaceae | Darjeeling Raspberry |
| Rubus creticus | Rubus sanctus, Rubus sanguineus, Rubus ulmifolius subsp. sanctus | Rosaceae | Kashmir Blackberry |
| Rubus ellipticus | Rubus rotundifolius | Rosaceae | Yellow Himalayan Raspberry |
| Rubus indicus | Rubus rugosus, Rubus wightii | Rosaceae | Indian Raspberry |
| Rubus macilentus | | Rosaceae | Lean Raspberry |
| Rubus moluccanus | Rubus kingii, Rubus falconeri, Rubus wawrai | Rosaceae | Wild Raspberry |
| Rubus nepalensis | Rubus nutans var. nepalensis, Rubus nutantiflorus | Rosaceae | Nepalese Raspberry |
| Rubus niveus | Rubus mysorensis, Rubus albescens, Rubus micranthus | Rosaceae | Mysore Raspberry |
| Rubus paniculatus | | Rosaceae | Heart-Leaf Raspberry |
| Rubus pedunculosus | Rubus hypargyrus, Rubus niveus var. pedunculosus | Rosaceae | Three-Leaf Raspberry |
| Rubus pungens | Rubus hirsutopungens, Rubus hayatae | Rosaceae | East-Asian Raspberry |
| Rubus rosifolius | Rubus chinensis Ser., Rubus sikkimensis Kuntze ex Hook. fil. | Rosaceae | Roseleaf Bramble |
| Rubus rosifolius var. coronarius | Rubus rosaefolius | Rosaceae | Roseleaf Raspberry |
| Rudbeckia hirta | | Asteraceae | Black-Eyed Susan |
| Rudbeckia laciniata 'Goldquelle' | | Asteraceae | Coneflower |
| Ruellia chartacea | Aphelandra chartacea, Ruellia colorata | Acanthaceae | Peruvian Wild Petunia |
| Ruellia elegans | | Acanthaceae | Red Ruellia |
| Ruellia inundata | Ruellia albicaulis, Ruellia galeottii | Acanthaceae | Slender Ruellia |
| Ruellia nudiflora | | Acanthaceae | Violet Wild Petunia |
| Ruellia patula | Dipteracanthus patulus, Dipteracanthus erectus, Petalidium patulum | Acanthaceae | Spreading Ruellia |
| Ruellia prostrata | Ruellia prostrata var. dejecta | Acanthaceae | Bell Weed |
| Ruellia pseudopatula | | Acanthaceae | Long-Flower Ruellia |
| Ruellia simplex | Ruellia brittoniana, Ruellia spectabilis, Ruellia tweediana | Acanthaceae | Desert Petunia |
| Ruellia strepens | Dipteracanthus micranthus, Dipteracanthus strepens | Acanthaceae | Limestone Ruellia |
| Ruellia tuberosa | | Acanthaceae | Minnie Root |
| Rumex acetosa | Acetosa hastifolia, Acetosa amplexicaulis, Acetosa officinalis | Polygonaceae | Common Sorrel |
| Rumex dentatus | | Polygonaceae | Toothed Dock |
| Rumex hastatus | | Polygonaceae | Arrowleaf Dock |
| Rumex nepalensis | | Polygonaceae | Nepal Dock |
| Rumex patientia | Rumex tibeticus, Rumex patientia subsp. tibeticus, Rumex orientalis | Polygonaceae | Patience Dock |
| Rumex vesicarius | Acetosa vesicaria | Polygonaceae | Bladder Dock |
| Rungia crenata | Diapedium crenatum | Acanthaceae | Toothed Rungia |
| Rungia laeta | Diapedium laetum, Justicia eudoxa | Acanthaceae | South-Indian Rungia |
| Rungia linifolia | Rungia linifolia var. saldanhae, Rostellularia gracilis | Acanthaceae | Flax-Leaved Rungia |
| Rungia longifolia subsp. keralensis | | Acanthaceae | Kerala Rungia |
| Rungia muralis | Rungia parviflora var. muralis | Acanthaceae | Wall Rungia |
| Rungia pectinata | Rungia parviflora, Justicia coerulea, Justicia pectinata | Acanthaceae | Comb Rungia |
| Rungia repens | Justicia repens, Dicliptera repens | Acanthaceae | Creeping Rungia |
| Ruppia maritima | Ruppia salina, Ruppia pectinata, Ruppia brevipes | Ruppiaceae | Ditch Grass |
| Ruscus aculeatus | Ruscus flexuosus, Oxymyrsine pungens, Ruscus laxus | Asparagaceae | Butcher's Broom |
| Ruscus hypoglossum | | Asparagaceae | Spineless Butcher's Broom |
| Ruspolia hypocrateriformis | Eranthemum hypocrateriforme, Justicia hypocrateriformis | Acanthaceae | Red Ruspolia |
| Ruspolia seticalyx | Eranthemum seticalyx, Pseuderanthemum seticalyx | Acanthaceae | Bristly-Sepal Ruspolia |
| Russelia equisetiformis | | Plantaginaceae | Coral Plant |
| Russelia sarmentosa | Russelia oxyphylla | Plantaginaceae | Broadleaf Firecracker Plant |
| Ruta chalepensis | Ruta bracteosa, Ruta fumariifolia | Rutaceae | Fringed Rue |
| Ruttya fruticosa | | Acanthaceae | Rabbit Ears |
| Ryparosa javanica | Ryparosa caesia, Bergsmia javanica, Gertrudia amplifolia | Achariaceae | Java Ryparosa Tree |
| Sabal palmetto | | Arecaceae | Cabbage Palm |
| Sabia campanulata | Sabia leptandra | Sabiaceae | Bellflower Sabia |
| Sabia lanceolata | Sabia kachinica | Sabiaceae | Lanceleaf Sabia |
| Sabia paniculata | | Sabiaceae | Panicled Sabia |
| Sabulina kashmirica | Arenaria kashmirica, Minuartia kashmirica | Caryophyllaceae | Kashmir Sandwort |
| Saccharum longesetosum | Saccharum hookeri, Erianthus hookeri, Erianthus longesetosus | Poaceae | Himalayan Plumegrass |
| Saccharum officinarum | | Poaceae | Sugarcane |
| Saccharum rufipilum | Erianthus fulvus, Erianthus pallens, Erianthus rufipilus, Miscanthus rufipilus | Poaceae | Red-Hair Plumegrass |
| Saccharum spontaneum | | Poaceae | Kans Grass |
| Sacciolepis interrupta | Panicum interruptum, Panicum uliginosum, Sacciolepis mukuku | Poaceae | Interrupted Cupscale Grass |
| Sageraea laurifolia | Guatteria laurifolia Graham, Cananga pseudolancea | Annonaceae | Laurel Bow-Wood |
| Sageretia thea | | Rhamnaceae | Chinese Sweet-Plum |
| Sagina saginoides | Alsine saginoides, Phaloe saginoides, Spergula saginoides | Caryophyllaceae | Alpine Pearlwort |
| Sagittaria guayanensis subsp. lappula | Sagittaria lappula, Sagittaria pusilla, Sagittaria cordifolia | Alismataceae | Burr Arrowhead |
| Sagittaria montevidensis | | Alismataceae | Aztec Arrowhead |
| Sagittaria trifolia | Sagittaria sinensis, Sagittaria sagittifolia var. edulis, Sagittaria chinensis | Alismataceae | Chinese Arrowhead |
| Salacia chinensis | Salacia prinoides, Tontelea prinoides | Celastraceae | Chinese Salacia |
| Salacia fruticosa | | Salicaceae | Woody Salacia |
| Salacia malabarica | | Celastraceae | Malabar Salacia |
| Salacia oblonga | Comocladia serrata | Celastraceae | Oblong Leaf Salacia |
| Salix aegyptiaca | Salix moschata, Salix medemii, Salix muscina, Salix moscata | Salicaceae | Persian Willow |
| Salix alba | Salix regalis, Salix caerulea, Salix pameachiana | Salicaceae | White Willow |
| Salix babylonica | | Salicaceae | Weeping Willow |
| Salix denticulata | Salix elegans, Salix elegans var. himalensis, Salix himalensis | Salicaceae | Elegant Willow |
| Salix disperma | Salix wallichiana, Salix pachyclada, Salix julacea | Salicaceae | Thick-Branch Willow |
| Salix flabellaris | Salix lucida, Salix obovata, Salix rotundifolia | Salicaceae | Himalayan Shrub Willow |
| Salix karelinii | Salix himalayensis, Salix adenophylloides, Salix fedtschenkoi | Salicaceae | Himalayan Willow |
| Salix lindleyana | | Salicaceae | Mini Alpine Willow |
| Salix purpurea | Salix elaeagnifolia, Salix monandra, Salix mutabilis | Salicaceae | Purple Willow |
| Salix sericocarpa | Salix rehderiana var. lasiogyna | Salicaceae | Silky Fruit Willow |
| Salix tetrasperma | | Salicaceae | Indian Willow |
| Salix x fragilis | Salix x pendula, Salix x excelsa, Salix x palustris | Salicaceae | Brittle Willow |
| Salomonia cantoniensis | Salomonia edentula | Polygalaceae | Chinese Salomonia |
| Salomonia ciliata | Polygala ciliata, Salomonia cordata, Salomonia rigida | Polygalaceae | Fringed-Leaf Milkwort |
| Salsola kali subsp. tragus | Salsola tragus, Salsola kali var. glabra | Amaranthaceae | Prickly Russian Thistle |
| Salvadora alii | | Salvadoraceae | White-Berry Toothbrush Tree |
| Salvadora oleoides | | Salvadoraceae | Bada Peelu |
| Salvadora persica | | Salvadoraceae | Toothbrush Tree |
| Salvia aegyptiaca | Pleudia aegyptiaca, Salvia arida, Thymus hirtus, Salvia pumila | Lamiaceae | Egyptian Sage |
| Salvia cana | Salvia mukerjeei, Salvia lanata Roxb. [Illeg.] | Lamiaceae | Woolly Sage |
| Salvia coccinea 'Coral Nymph' | | Lamiaceae | Coral Nymph Sage |
| Salvia coccinea | Salvia ciliata, Salvia superba, Salvia rosea | Lamiaceae | Texas Sage |
| Salvia farinacea | | Lamiaceae | Mealy Blue Sage |
| Salvia hians | | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Blue Sage |
| Salvia involucrata | | Lamiaceae | Rosebud Sage |
| Salvia leucantha | Salvia leucantha f. iobaphes | Lamiaceae | Mexican Bush Sage |
| Salvia microphylla | Salvia grahamii | Lamiaceae | Baby Sage |
| Salvia misella | Salvia riparia, Salvia obscura, Salvia privoides | Lamiaceae | River Sage |
| Salvia moorcroftiana | | Lamiaceae | Kashmir Salvia |
| Salvia nubicola | | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Yellow Sage |
| Salvia plebeia | Salvia brachiata, Salvia minutiflora | Lamiaceae | Sage Weed |
| Salvia rosmarinus | Rosmarinus officinalis, Rosmarinus angustifolius, Salvia fasciculata | Lamiaceae | Rosemary |
| Salvia santolinifolia | Pleudia santolinifolia | Lamiaceae | Santolina Sage |
| Salvia sclarea | Salvia asperata, Salvia pamirica | Lamiaceae | Clary Sage |
| Salvia splendens | | Lamiaceae | Scarlet Sage |
| Salvia strobilifera | Meriandra strobilifera | Lamiaceae | Cone-Bearing Sage |
| Salvia viridis | Salvia horminum | Lamiaceae | Painted Sage |
| Samanea saman | Albizia saman, Acacia propinqua, Mimosa saman | Mimosaceae | Rain Tree |
| Sambucus canadensis | | Viburnaceae | American Elder |
| Sambucus wightiana | Sambucus gautschii | Viburnaceae | Kashmir Elder |
| Sanchezia speciosa | | Acanthaceae | Shrubby Whitevein |
| Sanguisorba diandra | Poterium diandrum | Rosaceae | Himalayan Burnet |
| Sanguisorba minor | Poterium sanguisorba | Rosaceae | Salad Burnet |
| Sanicula elata | Sanicula capensis, Sanicula europaea var. elata, Sanicula montana | Apiaceae | Tall Sanicula |
| Sannantha virgata | Baeckea virgata, Leptospermum virgatum, Babingtonia virgata | Myrtaceae | Tall Baeckea |
| Sansevieria roxburghiana | Cordyline roxburghiana, Acyntha roxburghiana | Asparagaceae | Indian Bowstring Hemp |
| Santalum album | Sirium myrtifolium, Santalum ovatum, Santalum myrtifolium | Santalaceae | Sandalwood |
| Santolina chamaecyparissus | Santolina incana | Asteraceae | Lavender Cotton |
| Sanvitalia procumbens | Sanvitalia acinifolia, Sanvitalia villosa | Asteraceae | Creeping Zinnia |
| Sapindus emarginatus | | Sapindaceae | Notched Leaf Soapnut |
| Sapindus mukorossi | Sapindus detergens, Sapindus utilis | Sapindaceae | Indian Soapnut |
| Sapindus saponaria | Sapindus indica Poir., Sapindus peruvianus | Sapindaceae | Western Soapnut |
| Sapindus trifoliatus | Sapindus laurifolius | Sapindaceae | South India Soapnut |
| Saponaria calabrica | Saponaria graeca, Saponaria multiflora | Caryophyllaceae | Adriatic Soapwort |
| Saponaria officinalis | | Caryophyllaceae | Common Soapwort |
| Sapria himalayana | | Rafflesiaceae | Himalayan Sapria |
| Saprosma foetens subsp. ceylanicum | Saprosma ceylanicum, Dysodidendron ceylanicum, Saprosma ceylanica | Rubiaceae | Ceylon Saprosma |
| Saprosma glomeratum | Saprosma indicum | Rubiaceae | Indian Saprosma |
| Saprosma ternatum | Saprosma ternata, Serissa ternata | Rubiaceae | Three-Leaf Saprosma |
| Saraca asoca | Jonesia asoka | Caesalpiniaceae | Sita Ashok |
| Saraca indica | Saraca bijuga, Saraca pierreana, Saraca arborescens | Caesalpiniaceae | Malaysian Ashok |
| Saraca thaipingensis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Yellow Ashok |
| Sarcandra glabra subsp. brachystachys | Chloranthus brachystachys, Chloranthus montanus, Sarcandra hainanensis | Chloranthaceae | Short-Spike Chloranthus |
| Sarcochlamys pulcherrima | Urtica pulcherrima, Sphaerotylos medogensis | Urticaceae | Dogal Tree |
| Sarcococca saligna | Buxus saligna, Sarcococca pruniformis var. angustifolia | Buxaceae | Willow-Leaf Sweet-Box |
| Sarcopyramis napalensis | Osbeckia ovata, Sarcopyramis javanica, Sarcopyramis grandiflora | Melastomataceae | Persian Violet Melastome |
| Sarcostigma kleinii | Sarcostigma horsfieldii, Sarcostigma wallichii | Icacinaceae | Odal Oil Plant |
| Saribus rotundifolius | Livistona rotundifolia, Licuala rotundifolia | Arecaceae | Roundleaf Fountain Palm |
| Saritaea magnifica | Bignonia magnifica, Arrabidaea magnifica | Bignoniaceae | Glow Vine |
| Satyrium nepalense var. ciliatum | Satyrium ciliatum, Satyrium aceras, Satyrium mairei | Orchidaceae | Short-Spur Nepal Satyrium |
| Satyrium nepalense var. nepalense | Satyrium neilgherrensis, Satyrium henryi, Satyrium pallidum | Orchidaceae | Nepal Satyrium |
| Saurauia armata | Saurauia cerea, Saurauia dillenioides | Actinidiaceae | Parbatia Sengunia |
| Saurauia griffithii | | Actinidiaceae | Woolly Gogan |
| Saurauia napaulensis | | Actinidiaceae | Gogan |
| Saurauia punduana | Saurauia fasciculata var. abbreviata, Ternstroemia panduana | Actinidiaceae | Pandua Gogan |
| Saurauia roxburghii | | Actinidiaceae | Eastern Gogan |
| Saurauia sinohirsuta | Saurauia hirsute | Actinidiaceae | Tibetan Gogan |
| Sauromatum diversifolium | Typhonium diversifolium, Heterostalis diversifolia | Araceae | Himalayan Typhonium |
| Sauromatum venosum | Arum pedatum, Arum venosum, Sauromatum pedatum | Araceae | Voodoo Lily |
| Sauropus androgynus | Phyllanthus androgynus, Phyllanthus strictus | Phyllanthaceae | Sweet Leaf Bush |
| Saussurea atkinsonii | Theodorea atkinsonii | Asteraceae | Louisa Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea bracteata | Saussurea nana, Theodorea bracteata | Asteraceae | Pink-Bract Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea candolleana | Saussurea clarkei, Saussurea pterocaulon | Asteraceae | Winged-Stem Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea eriostemon | Saussurea nepalensis, Saussurea chapmanii | Asteraceae | Nepal Saw-wort |
| Saussurea glacialis | Saussurea pamirica, Saussurea violacea, Saussurea chthonocephala | Asteraceae | Glacial Snow Lotus |
| Saussurea gnaphalodes | Saussurea sorocephala, Theodorea gnaphalodes, Aplotaxis gnaphalodes | Asteraceae | Cudweed Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea gossypiphora | | Asteraceae | Snowball Plant |
| Saussurea graminifolia | | Asteraceae | Grass-Leaved Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea inversa | Saussurea sorocephala var. glabrata | Asteraceae | Inverse Snow Lotus |
| Saussurea leontodontoides | Leontodon kunthianus, Saussurea kunthiana, Saussurea irregularis | Asteraceae | Hawkbit Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea obvallata | | Asteraceae | Brahma Kamal |
| Saussurea piptathera | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Saw-wort |
| Saussurea roylei | Aplotaxis roylei | Asteraceae | One-Flowered Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea simpsoniana | Saussurea sacra, Aplotaxis simpsoniana | Asteraceae | Phen Kamal |
| Saussurea solaris | | Asteraceae | Solar Snow Lotus |
| Saussurea taraxacifolia | Aplotaxis taraxacifolia, Cyathidium taraxacifolium | Asteraceae | Dandelion Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea tridactyla | | Asteraceae | Snow Lotus |
| Saxifraga brachypoda | Saxifraga glandulosa, Hirculus brachypodus | Saxifragaceae | Spiny-Leaf Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga brunonis | | Saxifragaceae | Red-Runner Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga cernua | Saxifraga simulata, Lobaria cernua | Saxifragaceae | Nodding Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga engleriana | Saxifraga zangnanensis | Saxifragaceae | East-Himalayan Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga filicaulis | Hirculus filicaulis, Saxifraga mairei | Saxifragaceae | Slender-Stem Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga granulifera | Saxifraga sibirica var. bulbillifera | Saxifragaceae | Bulblet-Bearing Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga jacquemontiana | Saxifraga parvicalyx | Saxifragaceae | Small-Sepal Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga moorcroftiana | Saxifraga reflexa, Saxifraga lysimachoides | Saxifragaceae | Loosestrife Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga parnassifolia | | Saxifragaceae | Himalayan Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga pulvinaria | Saxifraga ciliata, Saxifraga imbricata | Saxifragaceae | Cushion Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga saginoides | Hirculus saignoides | Saxifragaceae | Pearlwort Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga sibirica | Saxifraga mollis, Saxifraga sibirica var. eusibirica | Saxifragaceae | Siberian Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga stenophylla | Saxifraga flagellaris subsp. stenophylla | Saxifragaceae | Ladakh Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga stolonifera | Saxifraga chinensis, Saxifraga ligulata | Saxifragaceae | Strawberry Begonia |
| Scadoxus multiflorus | Haemanthus multiflorus | Amaryllidaceae | Blood Lily |
| Scaevola taccada | Lobelia taccada, Scaevola frutescens, Scaevola sericea | Goodeniaceae | Half Flower |
| Scandix pecten-veneris | Chaerophyllum pecten-veneris, Scandix vulgaris | Apiaceae | Venus's Comb |
| Schima khasiana | Schima forrestii | Theaceae | Khasi Schima |
| Schima wallichii | | Theaceae | Schima |
| Schinus terebinthifolius | | Anacardiaceae | Brazilian Pepper |
| Schisandra grandiflora | | Schisandraceae | Large-Flowered Magnolia Vine |
| Schizanthus x wisetonensis | | Solanaceae | Butterfly Flower |
| Schizolobium parahyba | Cassia parahyba, Schizolobium amazonicum, Schizolobium excelsum | Caesalpiniaceae | Brazilian Fern Tree |
| Schizotechium monospermum | Stellaria monosperma, Stellaria glandulifera, Stellaria crispata | Caryophyllaceae | Sticky Stitchwort |
| Schleichera oleosa | | Sapindaceae | Kusum Tree |
| Schlumbergera buckleyi | | Cactaceae | True Christmas Cactus |
| Schlumbergera truncata | | Cactaceae | Crab Cactus |
| Schoenefeldia gracilis | Chloris pallida, Schoenefeldia pallida, Schoenefeldia nutans | Poaceae | Slender Braid Grass |
| Schoenoplectiella articulata | Eleocharis incurvata, Isolepis incurvata, Scirpus articulatus | Cyperaceae | Jointed Sedge |
| Schoenoplectiella juncoides | Scirpus junciformis, Scirpus timorensis, Scirpus rockii | Cyperaceae | South-Asian Club-Rush |
| Schoenoplectiella mucronata | Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Isolepis mucronata, Scirpus mucronatus | Cyperaceae | Bog Bulrush |
| Schoenoplectiella supina | Cyperus supinus, Scirpus supinus, Isolepis supina | Cyperaceae | Reclining Club-Rush |
| Schoenoplectus lacustris | | Cyperaceae | Common Clubrush |
| Schoenoplectus subulatus | Scirpus pectinatus, Scirpus subulatus, Scirpus wardianus | Cyperaceae | Awl Club-Rush |
| Schoenorchis fragrans | Schoenorchis manipurensis, Gastrochilus fragrans, Saccolabium fragrans | Orchidaceae | Manipur Reed-Orchid |
| Schoenorchis gemmata | Schoenorchis spatulata, Saccolabium hainanense | Orchidaceae | Sparkling Reed-Orchid |
| Schoenorchis smeeana | Xenikophyton smeeanum. Schoenorchis latifolia, Xenikophyton seidenfadenianum | Orchidaceae | Broadleaf Reed-Orchid |
| Schotia brachypetala | Schotia semireducta Merxm. | Fabaceae | Weeping Boer-Bean |
| Schouwia purpurea | Subularia purpurea, Schouwia arabica, Thlaspi arabicum | Brassicaceae | Purple Penny-Cress |
| Schrebera swietenioides | | Oleaceae | Weaver's Beam Tree |
| Schweinfurthia papilionacea | Antirrhinum papilionaceum, Antirrhinum glaucum, Linaria papilionacea | Plantaginaceae | Glaucous Dog-Flower |
| Scindapsus officinalis | Monstera officinalis, Pothos officinalis, Scindapsus annamicus | Araceae | Gaj Pipali |
| Scleria lithosperma | Scirpus lithospermus, Hypoporum lithospermum | Cyperaceae | Slender Nut-Rush |
| Scleria oblata | Scleria laevis | Cyperaceae | Smooth Nut-Rush |
| Scleria terrestris | Zizania terrestris | Cyperaceae | Ground Nut-Rush |
| Sclerocarpus africanus | | Asteraceae | African Bonebract |
| Sclerochiton harveyanus | | Acanthaceae | Blue Lips |
| Scleromitrion diffusum | Hedyotis diffusa, Oldenlandia diffusa, Oldenlandia pauciflora | Rubiaceae | Spreading Diamond Flower |
| Scleropyrum pentandrum | Pothos pentandrus, Scleropyrum wallichianum | Santalaceae | Hard Pear Tree |
| Scolopia crenata | Phoberos wightianus | Salicaceae | Mysore Potato Plum |
| Scoparia dulcis | | Plantaginaceae | Sweet Broom Weed |
| Scorzonera virgata | Scorzonera nuristanica, Scorzonera divaricata | Asteraceae | Himalayan Viper Grass |
| Scrophularia calycina | Scrophularia himalayensis | Scrophulariaceae | Large-Sepal Figwort |
| Scrophularia decomposita | | Scrophulariaceae | Fern-Leaf Figwort |
| Scrophularia edgeworthii | | Scrophulariaceae | West-Himalayan Figwort |
| Scrophularia elatior | Scrophularia petitmenginii | Scrophulariaceae | Tall Figwort |
| Scrophularia himalensis | Scrophularia himalayensis | Scrophulariaceae | Himalayan Figwort |
| Scrophularia koelzii | Scrophularia variegata | Scrophulariaceae | Purple-Flower Figwort |
| Scrophularia polyantha | | Scrophulariaceae | Many-Flowered Figwort |
| Scrophularia wattii | Oreosolen wattii, Oreosolen unguiculatus | Scrophulariaceae | Mountain Pipe |
| Scurrula buddleioides | Loranthus buddleioides, Scurrula buddleioides var. buddleioides | Loranthaceae | Butterfly-Bush Mistletoe |
| Scurrula cordifolia | Loranthus cordifolius, Dendrophthoe cordifolia | Loranthaceae | Heart-Leaf Mistletoe |
| Scurrula elata | Loranthus elatus | Loranthaceae | Tall Mistletoe |
| Scurrula parasitica | Loranthus cinnamomeus, Dendrophthoe cinnamomea | Loranthaceae | Cinnamon Mistletoe |
| Scurrula pulverulenta | Loranthus pulverulentus | Loranthaceae | Powdery Mistletoe |
| Scutellaria andamanica | | Lamiaceae | Andaman Skullcap |
| Scutellaria barbata | Scutellaria adenophylla, Scutellaria cavaleriei , Scutellaria squamulosa | Lamiaceae | Swollen Skullcap |
| Scutellaria discolor | Scutellaria indica | Lamiaceae | Bicolor Skullcap |
| Scutellaria galericulata | Scutellaria pauciflora, Scutellaria adamsii, Scutellaria epilobiifolia | Lamiaceae | Hooded Skullcap |
| Scutellaria grossa | Scutellaria mussooriensis | Lamiaceae | Mussoorie Skullcap |
| Scutellaria heydei | | Lamiaceae | Hairy-Bract Skullcap |
| Scutellaria linearis | | Lamiaceae | Narrow-Leaved Skullcap |
| Scutellaria prostrata | | Lamiaceae | Prostrate Skullcap |
| Scutellaria repens | Scutellaria cana, Scutellaria wallichiana | Lamiaceae | Creeping Skullcap |
| Scutellaria scandens | Scutellaria angulosa, Scutellaria celtidifolia | Lamiaceae | Climbing Skullcap |
| Scutellaria violacea | Scutellaria floribunda, Scutellaria nodulosa, Scutellaria violacea var. glabra | Lamiaceae | Violet Skullcap |
| Scutia myrtina | Rhammus myrtinus, Scutia indica, Scutia circumscissa | Rhamnaceae | Cat Thorn |
| Searsia parviflora | Rhus parviflora, Toxicodendron parviflorum | Anacardiaceae | Small Flowered Poison Sumac |
| Secamone emetica | Periploca emetica | Apocynaceae | Emetic Secamone |
| Sedum adolphi | Sedum nussbaumerianum | Crassulaceae | Coppertone Sedum |
| Sedum clavatum | | Crassulaceae | Club-Head Sedum |
| Sedum lineare | Sedum anhuiense | Crassulaceae | Needle Stonecrop |
| Sedum morganianum | | Crassulaceae | Donkey Tail |
| Sedum multicaule | | Crassulaceae | Multi-Stem Sedum |
| Sedum oreades | Sedum filicaule, Sedum jaeschkei, Sedum squarrosum | Crassulaceae | Mountain Sedum |
| Sedum pachyphyllum | | Crassulaceae | Fatleaf Stonecrop |
| Sedum pallidum | Sedum pallidum var. bithynicum, Sedum glaucum var. bithynicum | Crassulaceae | Turkish Sedum |
| Sedum rubrotinctum | | Crassulaceae | Pork and Beans |
| Sedum sexangulare | Sedum hexangulare, Sedum mite, Sedum schistosum | Crassulaceae | Tasteless Stonecrop |
| Seemannia sylvatica | Gloxinia sylvatica, Gesneria sylvatica | Gesneriaceae | Bolivian Sunset Gloxinia |
| Sehima nervosum | Andropogon nervosus, Ischaemum nervosum, Pollinia striata | Poaceae | Rat-Tail Grass |
| Seidenfadeniella rosea | Sarcanthus roseus, Schoenorchis roseus | Orchidaceae | Rosy Dwarf Seidenfaden Orchid |
| Seidlitzia stocksii | Salsola stocksii, Haloxylon stocksii | Amaranthaceae | Stocks Saltwort |
| Selenicereus undatus | Cereus undatus, Cereus tricostatus, Hylocereus undatus | Cactaceae | Night Blooming Cereus |
| Selinum filicifolium | Selinum tenuifolium var. filicifolia C.B. Clarke | Apiaceae | Fern-Leaf Milk Parsley |
| Selinum vaginatum | Cortia vaginata | Apiaceae | Bhutkeshi |
| Semecarpus anacardium | Anacardium orientale | Anacardiaceae | Marking Nut |
| Semecarpus kathalekanensis | | Anacardiaceae | Kathalekan Marsh Nut |
| Semecarpus travancoricus | Cassuvium travancoricum, Semecarpus travancorica | Anacardiaceae | Travancore Marsh Nut |
| Senecio boluangensis | Senecio obtusatus auct. non Wallich ex Candolle | Asteraceae | Eastern Leafless Ragwort |
| Senecio bombayensis | Senecio grahamii Hook.f. [Illeg.], Doronicum reticulatum Wight [Illeg.] | Asteraceae | Sonki |
| Senecio dalzellii | Senecio lawii | Asteraceae | Deccan Ragwort |
| Senecio edgeworthii | | Asteraceae | Hiwali Sonki |
| Senecio graciliflorus | Jacobaea graciliflora, Senecio mairei, Senecio pleopterus | Asteraceae | Graceful Senecio |
| Senecio krascheninnikovii | Senecio hindukushensis, Senecio kashmirianus, | Asteraceae | Hindukush Senecio |
| Senecio lavandulifolius | Senecio lavandulaefolius DC. in Wight, Pseudojacobaea lavandulaefolius | Asteraceae | Lavender-Leaved Senecio |
| Senecio macroglossus | | Asteraceae | Wax Ivy |
| Senecio neelgherryanus | | Asteraceae | Nilgiri Senecio |
| Senecio scandens | Senecio chinensis, Senecio confusus, Cineraria chinensis | Asteraceae | Climbing Senecio |
| Senecio scandens var. incisus | Senecio flexicaulis | Asteraceae | Lobed-Leaf Climbing Senecio |
| Senecio tenuifolius | Doronicum tenuifolium | Asteraceae | Slender-Leaf Senecio |
| Senecio vulgaris | | Asteraceae | Common Groundsel |
| Senegalia catechu | Acacia catechu, Mimosa catechu, Acacia wallichiana | Mimosaceae | Black Cutch Tree |
| Senegalia chundra | Acacia chundra, Mimosa chundra, Acacia sundra | Mimosaceae | Red Cutch Tree |
| Senegalia ferruginea | Acacia ferruginea, Mimosa ferruginea | Mimosaceae | Rusty Acacia |
| Senegalia megaladena | Acacia megaladena | Mimosaceae | Large-Gland Acacia |
| Senegalia mellifera | Acacia mellifera, Mimosa mellifera, Inga mellifera | Mimosaceae | Black Thorn |
| Senegalia modesta | Acacia modesta, Mimosa obovata, Mimosa dumosa | Mimosaceae | Amritsar Gum |
| Senegalia polyacantha | Acacia polyacantha | Mimosaceae | White Thorn |
| Senegalia rugata | Acacia hooperiana, Acacia concinna, Mimosa concinna | Mimosaceae | Shikakai |
| Senegalia senegal | Acacia senegal, Acacia verek | Mimosaceae | Gum Arabic Tree |
| Senna alata | Cassia alata, Cassia bracteata, Cassia herpetica | Caesalpiniaceae | Candle Bush |
| Senna alexandrina | Cassia acutifolia, Cassia senna, Senna angustifolia, Cassia angustifolia | Caesalpiniaceae | Indian Senna |
| Senna auriculata | Cassia auriculata | Caesalpiniaceae | Tanner's Cassia |
| Senna corymbosa | Cassia corymbosa, Cassia floribunda, Cassia crassifolia | Caesalpiniaceae | Argentina Senna |
| Senna didymobotrya | Cassia didymobotrya, Cassia nairobensis | Caesalpiniaceae | Popcorn Cassia |
| Senna hirsuta | Cassia hirsuta, Senna hirsuta var. hirsuta, Cassia tomentosa | Caesalpiniaceae | Woolly Cassia |
| Senna italica | Cassia italica, Cassia obtusa, Senna obovata | Caesalpiniaceae | Italian Cassia |
| Senna macranthera | Cassia macranthera | Caesalpiniaceae | Large-Flowered Cassia |
| Senna montana | Cassia montana B. Heyne ex Roth, Cassia setigera | Caesalpiniaceae | Mountain Cassia |
| Senna multiglandulosa | Cassia albida, Cassia cana, Cassia lutescens, Cassia multiglandulosa, Cassia tomentosa, Cassia wightiana | Caesalpiniaceae | Buttercup Bush |
| Senna nitida | Cassia nitida, Cassia antillana, Chamaefistula antillana | Caesalpiniaceae | Glossy Cassia |
| Senna obtusifolia | Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia tora var. obtusifolia | Caesalpiniaceae | Sicklepod |
| Senna occidentalis | Cassia occidentalis | Caesalpiniaceae | Coffee Senna |
| Senna polyphylla | Cassia polyphylla | Caesalpiniaceae | Desert Cassia |
| Senna septemtrionalis | Cassia aurata, Cassia elegans, Cassia laevigata | Caesalpiniaceae | Arsenic Bush |
| Senna siamea | Cassia siamea | Caesalpiniaceae | Siamese Cassia |
| Senna sophera | Cassia sophera, Cassia torosa | Caesalpiniaceae | Sophera Senna |
| Senna spectabilis | Cassia spectabilis, Cassia excelsa, Cassia carnaval | Caesalpiniaceae | Spectacular Cassia |
| Senna sulfurea | Cassia sulfurea, Senna surattensis var. glauca | Caesalpiniaceae | Sulphur Cassia |
| Senna surattensis | Cassia surattensis | Caesalpiniaceae | Glaucous Cassia |
| Senna tora | Cassia tora | Caesalpiniaceae | Stinking Cassia |
| Senna uniflora | Cassia uniflora, Cassia sericea | Caesalpiniaceae | Oneleaf Senna |
| Sesamum alatum | Volkameria alata | Pedaliaceae | Wing-Seed Sesame |
| Sesamum indicum subsp. indicum | Sesamum orientale, Sesamum mulayanum | Pedaliaceae | Sesame |
| Sesamum indicum subsp. malabaricum | Sesamum malabaricum Burm. | Pedaliaceae | Malabar Sesame |
| Sesamum prostratum | Sesamum laciniatum, Volkameria prostrata, Volkameria laciniata | Pedaliaceae | Indian Sesame Oil Plant |
| Sesamum radiatum | Sesamum mombazense, Sesamum talbotii, Sesamum thonneri | Pedaliaceae | Vegetable Sesame |
| Sesbania bispinosa | Sesbania aculeata, Aeschynomene aculeata | Fabaceae | Prickly Sesban |
| Sesbania cannabina | Sesbania cannabina var. floribunda, Coronilla cannabina | Fabaceae | Yellow Pea Bush |
| Sesbania grandiflora | Sesban coccinea, Agati grandiflora, Coronilla grandiflora | Fabaceae | Agati |
| Sesbania procumbens | Aeschynomene procumbens | Fabaceae | Trailing Sesban |
| Sesbania punicea | | Fabaceae | Brazilian Rattlebox |
| Sesbania sesban subsp. sesban | | Fabaceae | Common Sesban |
| Sesbania sesban var. bicolor | Sesbania aegyptiaca var. bicolor | Fabaceae | Bicolor Sesban |
| Seseli diffusum | Seseli indicum, Ligusticum diffusum, Ligusticum indicum | Apiaceae | Indian Moon Carrot |
| Sesuvium portulacastrum | Portulaca portulacastrum, Halimus portulacastrum | Aizoaceae | Sea Purslane |
| Setaria italica | Panicum chinense, Setaria asiatica, Setaria persica | Poaceae | Foxtail Millet |
| Setaria palmifolia | Panicum palmifolium, Setaria sulcata, Chaetochloa palmifolia | Poaceae | Palm Grass |
| Setaria pumila ssp. pumila | Panicum pumilum, Setaria glauca, Chaetochloa lutescens | Poaceae | Yellow Foxtail |
| Setaria verticillata | Panicum verticillatum, Pennisetum verticillatum | Poaceae | Bristly Foxtail |
| Setaria viridis | Panicum viride, Setaria italica subsp. viridis | Poaceae | Green Foxtail |
| Shangwua denticulata | Saussurea denticulata, Saussurea fastuosa | Asteraceae | Proud Saw-wort |
| Shangwua jacea | Saussurea jacea, Aplotaxis jacea, Theodorea jacea | Asteraceae | Knapweed Saw-Wort |
| Shorea robusta | Dryobalanops robusta | Dipterocarpaceae | Sal |
| Shorea roxburghii | Shorea talura, Shorea laurifolia, Shorea floribunda | Dipterocarpaceae | Taloora Lac Tree |
| Shuteria involucrata | Shuteria sinensis, Glycine involucrata | Fabaceae | Leafy-Spike Shuteria |
| Shuteria vestita | Shuteria involucrata var. vestita, Shuteria densiflora | Fabaceae | Hairy Shuteria |
| Sibbaldia adpressa | Sibbaldianthe adpressa, Potentilla lindenbergii, Sibbaldia minutissima | Rosaceae | Tiny Hairy Cinquefoil |
| Sibbaldia cuneata | Potentilla cuneata, Sibbaldia maxima, Sibbaldia parviflora var. micrantha | Rosaceae | Wedge Leaf Sibbaldia |
| Sibbaldia micropetala | Potentilla albifolia, Potentilla micropetala, Argentina micropetala | Rosaceae | Small-Flowered Cinquefoil |
| Sibbaldianthe bifurca | Potentilla bifurca, Potentilla bifurcata, Schistophyllidium bifurcum | Rosaceae | Forked-Leaf Cinquefoil |
| Sicyos angulatus | Elaterium trifoliatum | Cucurbitaceae | Bur Cucumber |
| Sicyos edulis | Chayota edulis, Sechium edule, Sechium americanum | Cucurbitaceae | Chowchow |
| Sida acuta | Sida carpinifolia var. acuta, Sida lanceolata, Sida frutescens | Malvaceae | Common Wireweed |
| Sida cordata | Melochia cordata, Sida humilis, Sida veronicifolia | Malvaceae | Long-Stalk Sida |
| Sida cordifolia | Sida herbacea, Sida holosericea | Malvaceae | Heart-Leaf Sida |
| Sida cuneifolia | Dictyocarpus truncatus, Hermannia alnifolia, Melochia truncata | Malvaceae | Wedge-Leaf Sida |
| Sida mysorensis | Sida glutinosa, Sida urticifolia, Sida wightiana | Malvaceae | Mysore Fanpetals |
| Sida ovata | Sida aurescens, Sida dinterana, Sida flexuosa, Sida grewioides | Malvaceae | Oval-Leaf Fan-Petals |
| Sida rhombifolia | | Malvaceae | Rhombic-Leaf Sida |
| Sida spinosa | | Malvaceae | Prickly Fan-Petals |
| Sidastrum micranthum | Sida micrantha | Malvaceae | Dainty Sand Mallow |
| Sida subcordata | Sida corylifolia | Malvaceae | Eastern Fan-Petals |
| Sida yunnanensis | | Malvaceae | Chinese Fan-Petals |
| Sigesbeckia orientalis | Siegesbeckia orientalis, Minyranthes heterophylla | Asteraceae | Indian Weed |
| Sigmoidotropis speciosa | Vigna speciosa, Phaseolus speciosus | Fabaceae | Snail Vine |
| Silene baccifera | Cucubalus baccifer, Lychnis baccifera, Silene fissa | Caryophyllaceae | Berry Campion |
| Silene bungei | Lychnis tristis, Melandrium triste, Lychnis uniflora | Caryophyllaceae | Purple-Vein Campion |
| Silene caespitella | Silene maheshwarii, Melandrium neocaespitosum, Melandrium xainzaense | Caryophyllaceae | Clustered Campion |
| Silene cashmeriana | Lychnis cashmeriana, Melandrium cashmerianum | Caryophyllaceae | Kashmir Campion |
| Silene conoidea | Conosilene conoidea, Cucubalus conoideus | Caryophyllaceae | Cone Campion |
| Silene coronaria | Agrostemma coronaria, Lychnis coronaria | Caryophyllaceae | Rose Campion |
| Silene edgeworthii | Silene indica var. edgeworthii, Lychnis fimbriata, Agrostemma fimbriatum | Caryophyllaceae | Fringed Campion |
| Silene falconeriana | | Caryophyllaceae | West-Himalayan Campion |
| Silene gallica | Silene gallica f. quinquevulnera, Corone quinquevulnera | Caryophyllaceae | Five-Wounded Catchfly |
| Silene gangotriana | | Caryophyllaceae | Gangotri Campion |
| Silene gonosperma | Lychnis pumila, Melandrium pumilum | Caryophyllaceae | Angled-Seed Campion |
| Silene graminifolia | Silene tenuis, Silene pubistyla, Silene sobolevskajae | Caryophyllaceae | Grass-Leaved Campion |
| Silene himalayensis | Lychnis himalayensis, Silene madens, Silene gonosperma var. himalayensis | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Campion |
| Silene indica var. indica | Lychnis indica, Lychnis ciliata, Melandrium indicum | Caryophyllaceae | Indian Campion |
| Silene moorcroftiana | Silene gyirongensis, Silene persica subsp. moorcroftiana | Caryophyllaceae | Pinwheel Campion |
| Silene pendula | | Caryophyllaceae | Nodding Catchfly |
| Silene stewartii | Lychnis stewartii, Silene chambaensis | Caryophyllaceae | Stewart Campion |
| Silene vulgaris | | Caryophyllaceae | Bladder Campion |
| Silvianthus bracteatus | | Carlemanniaceae | Bracted Silvianthus |
| Silybum marianum | Carduus marianus, Centaurea dalmatica, Cirsium maculatum | Asteraceae | Milk Thistle |
| Simarouba glauca | Quassia simarouba, Simarouba officinalis | Simaroubaceae | Paradise Tree |
| Sinapis alba | Brassica foliosa, Brassica alba, Sinapis foliosa | Brassicaceae | White Mustard |
| Sinningia speciosa | Gloxinia speciosa | Gesneriaceae | Gloxinia |
| Sinocrassula indica | Sedum indicum, Sedum cavaleriense | Crassulaceae | Indian Sedum |
| Siphonochilus kirkii | Kaempferia kirkii, Kaempferia rosea | Zingiberaceae | African Rose Ginger |
| Sirhookera lanceolata | Josephia lanceolata, Polystachya ramosa | Orchidaceae | Lanceleaf Sirhookera |
| Sirhookera latifolia | Josephia latifolia | Orchidaceae | Broadleaf Sirhookera |
| Sisymbrium altissimum | | Brassicaceae | Tumble Mustard |
| Sisymbrium brassiciforme | Sisymbrium ferganense, Hesperis brassiciformis | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Tumble-Mustard |
| Sisymbrium irio | | Brassicaceae | London Rocket |
| Sisymbrium loeselii | | Brassicaceae | Small Tumbleweed Mustard |
| Sisymbrium officinale | Erysimum officinale | Brassicaceae | Hedge Mustard |
| Sisymbrium orientale | Brassica patens, Sisymbrium columnae, Sisymbrium daghestanicum | Brassicaceae | Indian Hedge-Mustard |
| Sisyrinchium rosulatum | | Iridaceae | Annual Blue-Eyed Grass |
| Sium latijugum | | Apiaceae | Large Leaflet Water Parsnip |
| Skimmia anquetilia | | Rutaceae | West-Himalayan Skimmia |
| Sloanea sterculiacea var. assamica | Sloanea assamica, Echinocarpus assamicus | Elaeocarpaceae | Assam Sloanea |
| Smilax aspera | | Smilacaceae | Common Smilax |
| Smilax elegans subsp. elegans | Smilax glaucophylla, Smilax parvifolia [Illeg.] | Smilacaceae | Elegant Smilax |
| Smilax lanceifolia | | Smilacaceae | Lanceleaf Smilax |
| Smilax ovalifolia | Smilax macrophylla, Smilax grandifolia | Smilacaceae | Large-Leaf Smilax |
| Smilax sailenii | | Smilacaceae | Assam Smilax |
| Smilax zeylanica | Smilax elliptica, Smilax indica | Smilacaceae | Ceylon Smilax |
| Smithia bigemina | Damapana bigemina, Smithia agharkarii | Fabaceae | Double Paired Smithia |
| Smithia blanda | Smithia paniculata, Smithia racemosa, Smithia bodinieri | Fabaceae | Pleasant Smithia |
| Smithia ciliata | Smithia cavaleriei, Smithia coerulescens, Smithia pumila | Fabaceae | Fringed Smithia |
| Smithia conferta var. conferta | Smithia hispidissima | Fabaceae | Congested Flower Smithia |
| Smithia conferta var. geminiflora | Smithia geminiflora, Sesbania geminiflora | Fabaceae | Paired Flower Smithia |
| Smithia hirsuta | | Fabaceae | Hairy Smithia |
| Smithia purpurea | | Fabaceae | Purple Smithia |
| Smithia pycnantha | | Fabaceae | Dense-Flowered Smithia |
| Smithia salsuginea | Smithia dichotoma, Damapana dichotoma | Fabaceae | Brackish Smithia |
| Smithia sensitiva | | Fabaceae | Sensitive Smithia |
| Smithia setulosa | | Fabaceae | Bristly Smithia |
| Smithia venkobarowii | Smithia venkobarowii var. glabra | Fabaceae | Kerala Smithia |
| Smithsonia maculata | Gastrochilus maculatus, Loxoma maculatum, Loxomorchis maculata | Orchidaceae | Spotted Smithsonia |
| Smithsonia straminea | Loxoma straminea | Orchidaceae | Straw-Colored Smithsonia |
| Smithsonia viridiflora | Aerides dalzelliana, Sarcochilus dalzelliana, Micropera viridiflora | Orchidaceae | Guchchha Irid Amri |
| Smitinandia micrantha | Saccolabium micranthum, Ceratochilus micranthus | Orchidaceae | Small Flowered Smitinandia |
| Smythea bombaiensis | Ventilago bombaiensis | Rhamnaceae | Bombay Smythea |
| Sobralia macrantha | Cattleya macrantha | Orchidaceae | Large-Flower Sobralia |
| Sohmaea laxiflora | Desmodium laxiflorum, Hedysarum bicolor | Fabaceae | Loose Flowered Desmodium |
| Solandra maxima | | Solanaceae | Cup of Gold |
| Solanum aethiopicum | Solanum integrifolium, Solanum undatum, Solanum gilo | Solanaceae | Bitter Tomato |
| Solanum americanum | Solanum nigrum var. americanum, Solanum nodiflorum, Solanum umbelliferum | Solanaceae | American Black Nightshade |
| Solanum anguivi | Solanum lividum, Solanum indicum var. lividum | Solanaceae | Forest Bitterberry |
| Solanum betaceum | Cyphomandra betacea, Solanum crassifolium, Cyphomandra crassifolia | Solanaceae | Tree Tomato |
| Solanum capsicoides | Solanum ciliatum, Solanum macowanii, Solanum arrebenta | Solanaceae | Cockroach Berry |
| Solanum chrysotrichum | Solanum pluviale, Solanum truncatum, Solanum torvum var. pleiotomum | Solanaceae | Giant Devil's Fig |
| Solanum diphyllum | | Solanaceae | Twoleaf Nightshade |
| Solanum elaeagnifolium | Solanum flavidum, Solanum obtusifolium | Solanaceae | Silverleaf Nightshade |
| Solanum erianthum | Solanum verbascifolium var. adulterinum | Solanaceae | Big Eggplant |
| Solanum giganteum | Solanum niveum | Solanaceae | Red Bitter Berry |
| Solanum grandiflorum | Solanum macranthum Dunal. | Solanaceae | Potato Tree |
| Solanum incanum | Solanum sanctum, Solanum unguiculatum | Solanaceae | Bitter Brinjal |
| Solanum laciniatum | Solanum reclinatum | Solanaceae | Kangaroo Apple |
| Solanum laxum | Solanum jasminoides, Solanum boerhaviifolium, Solanum triphyllum | Solanaceae | Potato Vine |
| Solanum lycopersicum | Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme | Solanaceae | Tomato |
| Solanum mammosum | Solanum platanifolium, Solanum globiferum, Solanum mammosissimum | Solanaceae | Nipple Fruit |
| Solanum mauritianum | Solanum auriculatum, Solanum tabacifolium, Solanum verbascifolium var. auriculatum | Solanaceae | Tree Tobacco |
| Solanum melongena | | Solanaceae | Brinjal |
| Solanum muricatum | Solanum wallisii, Solanum saccianum | Solanaceae | Melon Pear |
| Solanum nigrum | | Solanaceae | Black Nightshade |
| Solanum pseudocapsicum | | Solanaceae | Jerusalem Cherry |
| Solanum pubescens | Solanum calycinum, Solanum conanthum | Solanaceae | Thornless Turkey Berry |
| Solanum robustum | Solanum concepcionis, Solanum euracanthum, Solanum alatum | Solanaceae | Shrubby Nightshade |
| Solanum seaforthianum | Solanum venustum, Solanum prunifolium, Solanum cyrrhosum | Solanaceae | Brazilian Nightshade |
| Solanum sisymbriifolium | | Solanaceae | Sticky Nightshade |
| Solanum spirale | Solanum apoense, Solanum naratida | Solanaceae | Spiral Nightshade |
| Solanum torvum | | Solanaceae | Turkey Berry |
| Solanum trilobatum | | Solanaceae | Red Pea Eggplant |
| Solanum triquetrum | Solanum lindheimerianum | Solanaceae | Texas Nightshade |
| Solanum tuberosum | | Solanaceae | Potato |
| Solanum viarum | Solanum viridiflorum, Solanum khasianum var. chatterjeeanum | Solanaceae | Tropical Soda Apple |
| Solanum villosum | Solanum alatum, Solanum luteum, Solanum nigrum var. villosum | Solanaceae | Yellow Nightshade |
| Solanum violaceum | Solanum chinense, Solanum indicum L. | Solanaceae | Indian Nightshade |
| Solanum virginianum | Solanum surattense, Solanum xanthocarpum | Solanaceae | Thorny Nightshade |
| Solanum wendlandii | | Solanaceae | Giant Potato Creeper |
| Solena amplexicaulis | Bryonia amplexicaulis, Bryonia solena, Cucurbita sagittata | Cucurbitaceae | Creeping Cucumber |
| Solena heterophylla | Bryonia sagittata, Zehneria heterophylla | Cucurbitaceae | Himalayan Creeping Cucumber |
| Solenanthus circinatus | Solenanthus rumicifolius, Solenanthus petiolaris, Solenanthus amplifolius | Boraginaceae | Rounded Solenanthus |
| Solena umbellata | Solena angulata, Bryonia umbellata, Momordica umbellata | Cucurbitaceae | Umbelled Creeping Cucumber |
| Solidago canadensis | | Asteraceae | Common Goldenrod |
| Solidago gigantea | | Asteraceae | Giant Goldenrod |
| Solidago virgaurea | Aster virgaurea, Solidago virga-aurea, Solidago vulgaris | Asteraceae | Himalayan Goldenrod |
| Soliva anthemifolia | Gymnostyles anthemifolia | Asteraceae | Button Burrweed |
| Sonchus asper | | Asteraceae | Prickly Sow-Thistle |
| Sonchus oleraceus | | Asteraceae | Sow Thistle |
| Sonchus wightianus | Sonchus orixensis, Sonchus picris | Asteraceae | Bitter Sow-Thistle |
| Sonerila cannanorensis | | Melastomataceae | Kannur Sonerila |
| Sonerila epeduncula | | Melastomataceae | Stalkless Sonerila |
| Sonerila erecta | Sonerila cheliensis, Sonerila tenera, Sonerila epilobioides | Melastomataceae | Erect Sonerila |
| Sonerila khasiana | Cassebeeria khasiana | Melastomataceae | Khasi Sonerila |
| Sonerila maculata | Sonerila laeta, Sonerila rivularis | Melastomataceae | Spotted-Leaf Sonerila |
| Sonerila nayariana | | Melastomataceae | Prostrate Sonerila |
| Sonerila pulneyensis | | Melastomataceae | Palani Sonerilla |
| Sonerila rheedei | Sonerila keralensis, Sonerila loeiensis, Sonerila kanjilasseriensis | Melastomataceae | Kerala Sonerila |
| Sonerila rotundifolia | Cassebeeria rotundifolia | Melastomataceae | Roundleaf Sonerila |
| Sonerila scapigera | | Melastomataceae | Scaped Sonerila |
| Sonerila speciosa | Sonerila elegans Hook., Sonerila orbiculata, Sonerila solanoides | Melastomataceae | Showy Sonerila |
| Sonerila sreenarayaniana | | Melastomataceae | Sree Narayana Sonerila |
| Sonerila tinnevelliensis | | Melastomataceae | Tirunelveli Sonerila |
| Sonerila versicolor | | Melastomataceae | Colorful Sonerila |
| Sonerila wallichii | Cassebeeria maculata, Cassebeeria wallichii, Sonerila acaulis | Melastomataceae | Stemless Sonerila |
| Sonneratia alba | | Lythraceae | Sweet-Scented Apple Mangrove |
| Sonneratia apetala | | Lythraceae | Keora Mangrove |
| Sonneratia caseolaris | Sonneratia obovata, Sonneratia ovalis | Lythraceae | Apple Mangrove |
| Sophora mollis | Sophora mollis subsp. mollis, Sophora hortensis, Sophora buxbaumii | Fabaceae | Soft Sophora |
| Sophora secundiflora | Sophora speciosa, Calia secundiflora, Agastianis secundiflora | Fabaceae | Texas Mountain Laurel |
| Sophora tomentosa | | Fabaceae | Necklace Pod |
| Sopubia trifida | Gerardia scabra, Gerardia sopubia | Orobanchaceae | Split Leaf Sopubia |
| Sorbaria tomentosa | Spiraea lindleyana, Spiraea sorbifolia | Rosaceae | Kashmir False Spirea |
| Sorbus foliolosa | Pyrus foliolosa | Rosaceae | Small Leaf Rowan |
| Sorghum bicolor | | Poaceae | Jowar |
| Sorghum halepense | Andropogon halepensis | Poaceae | Johnson Grass |
| Soroseris hookeriana | Crepis gillii, Soroseris gillii, Soroseris trichocarpa, Soroseris hirsuta | Asteraceae | Hairy Soroseris |
| Soymida febrifuga | Swietenia febrifuga | Meliaceae | Indian Redwood |
| Sparaxis tricolor | Sparaxis blanda, Sparaxis versicolor, Sparaxis griffinii | Iridaceae | Harlequin Flower |
| Sparganium stoloniferum subsp. stoloniferum | Sparganium asiaticum, Sparganium greenei | Typhaceae | Asian Bur-Reed |
| Spartium junceum | | Fabaceae | Spanish Broom |
| Spathiphyllum blandum | | Araceae | Pleasant Peace Lily |
| Spathiphyllum cannifolium | Dracunculus cannifolius, Anthurium dechardii, Pothos cannifolius | Araceae | Canna-Leaf Peace Lily |
| Spathiphyllum wallisii | | Araceae | Peace Lily |
| Spathodea campanulata | | Bignoniaceae | African Tulip Tree |
| Spathoglottis arunachalensis | | Orchidaceae | Arunachal Ground Orchid |
| Spathoglottis kimballiana | | Orchidaceae | Yellow Ground Orchid |
| Spathoglottis plicata | | Orchidaceae | Philippine Ground Orchid |
| Spathoglottis pubescens | Spathoglottis khasyana, Spathoglottis parvifolia | Orchidaceae | Buttercup Ground Orchid |
| Spatholobus parviflorus | Butea parviflora, Spatholobus roxburghii, Butea sericophylla | Fabaceae | White Palas Climber |
| Spatholobus purpureus | Butea purpurea | Fabaceae | Purple Palas Climber |
| Spergula arvensis | | Caryophyllaceae | Corn Spurry |
| Spergularia marina | Arenaria rubra var. marina, Spergularia salina | Caryophyllaceae | Salt Sand Spurry |
| Spergularia rubra | | Caryophyllaceae | Purple Sand Spurry |
| Spermacoce articularis | Spermacoce scabra, Borreria articularis, Spermacoce flexuosa | Rubiaceae | Jointed Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce exilis | Borreria exilis, Borreria gracilis, Spermacoce mauritiana, Borreria repens | Rubiaceae | Pacific Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce hispida | Borreria hispida, Spermacoce rigida, Spermacoce mutilata | Rubiaceae | Shaggy Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce latifolia | Borreria latifolia, Spermacoce aspera, Spermacoce scabrida | Rubiaceae | Broad-Leaf Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce ocymoides | Borreria ocymoides, Spermacoce stricta, Spermacoce tenera | Rubiaceae | Basil Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce pusilla | Spermacoce kleinii, Spermacoce gardneri, Borreria pusilla | Rubiaceae | Tiny Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce remota | Borreria remota, Borreria vaginata, Spermacoce suffruticosa | Rubiaceae | Woodland Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce verticillata | Spermacoce globosa, Borreria verticillata | Rubiaceae | Shrubby Buttonweed |
| Spermadictyon suaveolens | Hamiltonia suaveolens, Hamiltonia mysorensis | Rubiaceae | Forest Champa |
| Spermadictyon suaveolens var. azureum | Spermadictyon azureum | Rubiaceae | Blue Forest Champa |
| Sphaeranthus africanus | Sphaeranthus ovalis, Sphaeranthus alatus, Sphaeranthus microcephalus | Asteraceae | African Globe Thistle |
| Sphaeranthus amaranthoides | Sphaeranthus zeylanicus, Oligolepis amaranthoides | Asteraceae | Ceylon Globe Thistle |
| Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides | | Asteraceae | Gomphrena Globe Thistle |
| Sphaeranthus indicus | | Asteraceae | East Indian Globe Thistle |
| Sphagneticola calendulacea | Wedelia chinensis, Complaya chinensis, Solidago chinensis | Asteraceae | Chinese Wedelia |
| Sphagneticola trilobata | Wedelia trilobata, Wedelia paludosa, Acmella spilanthoides | Asteraceae | Yellow Dots |
| Sphenoclea zeylanica | Pongatium indicum, Rapinia herbacea | Sphenocleaceae | Goose Weed |
| Sphenodesme involucrata var. paniculata | Sphenodesme paniculata | Lamiaceae | Panicled Varshiki |
| Spigelia anthelmia | Spigelia stipularis, Spigelia nervosa, Spigelia fruticulosa | Loganiaceae | Wormbush |
| Spinacia oleracea | Spinacia domestica, Spinacia glabra, Spinacia sessiliflora | Amaranthaceae | Spinach |
| Spinifex littoreus | | Poaceae | Coastal Spinegrass |
| Spiraea arcuata | Spiraea canescens var. glabra | Rosaceae | Arching Spirea |
| Spiraea bella | | Rosaceae | Pretty Spirea |
| Spiraea canescens | Spiraea flagelliformis, Spiraea rotundifolia | Rosaceae | Grey Stem Spirea |
| Spiraea cantoniensis | | Rosaceae | Reeves' Spirea |
| Spiraea douglasii | | Rosaceae | Douglas Spirea |
| Spiraea japonica | | Rosaceae | Japanese Spirea |
| Spiraea micrantha | Spiraea japonica subsp. micrantha, Spiraea brumalis, Spiraea japonica var. himalaica | Rosaceae | Smallflower Spirea |
| Spiraea prunifolia | | Rosaceae | Bridal Wreath Spirea |
| Spiraea thunbergii | Spiraea japonica Rafin., Spiraea crenata | Rosaceae | Thunberg Spirea |
| Spiraea vacciniifolia | Spiraea rhamniphylla, Spiraea laxiflora, Spiraea venustula | Rosaceae | Blueberry-Leaved Spirea |
| Spiranthes australis | Spiranthes sinensis var. australis, Spiranthes amoena | Orchidaceae | Asian Spiral Orchid |
| Spiranthes flexuosa | Neottia flexuosa, Spiranthes himalayensis, Spiranthes densa | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Spiral Orchid |
| Spirodela polyrhiza | Spirodela maxima, Lemna orbicularis, Lenticula polyrrhiza | Araceae | Common Duckweed |
| Spodiopogon rhizophorus | Andropogon albidus, Andropogon rhizophorus, Spodiopogon albidus | Poaceae | Stalked-Leaf Beard Grass |
| Spondias dulcis | Evia dulcis, Spondias fragrans, Spondias longifolia | Anacardiaceae | Ambarella |
| Spondias pinnata | Spondias mangifera, Mangifera pinnata | Anacardiaceae | Wild Mango |
| Stachyphrynium spicatum | Stachyphrynium zeylanicum, Stachyphrynium sinense, Maranta caespitosa | Marantaceae | Marsh Maranta |
| Stachys floccosa | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Woundwort |
| Stachys palustris | Stachys aquatica, Stachys segetum, Stachys maeotica | Lamiaceae | Marsh Woundwort |
| Stachys splendens | Stachys emodi, Stachys melissifolia, Stachys sericea Wall. ex Benth. | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Woundwort |
| Stachytarpheta cayennensis | Stachytarpheta australis f. albiflora, Stachytarpheta cayennensis f. alba | Verbenaceae | White Porterweed |
| Stachytarpheta indica | | Verbenaceae | Indian Snakeweed |
| Stachytarpheta jamaicensis | | Verbenaceae | Blue Porterweed |
| Stachytarpheta mutabilis | Verbena mutabilis | Verbenaceae | Pink Snakeweed |
| Stachytarpheta urticifolia | Verbena salisburyi, Zappania urticifolia, Verbena salisburii | Verbenaceae | Blue Snakeweed |
| Staphylea cochinchinensis | Turpinia cochinchinensis, Turpinia microcarpa, Turpinia nepalensis | Staphyleaceae | Indomalaya Bladdernut |
| Staphylea emodi | | Staphyleaceae | Himalayan Bladdernut |
| Stauntonia angustifolia | Holboellia angustifolia, Holboellia fargesii , Holboellia acuminata | Lardizabalaceae | Narrow-Leaf Sausage Vine |
| Stauntonia latifolia | Holboellia latifolia, Holboellia ovatifoliolata, Hoya cavaleriei | Lardizabalaceae | Sausage Vine |
| Stauranthera umbrosa | Cyananthus umbrosa | Gesneriaceae | Shady Eastern Violet |
| Staurogyne spatulata | Ebermaiera spatulata, Ebermaiera glauca, Staurogyne glauca | Acanthaceae | Sticky Staurogyne |
| Stellaria alsine | Stellaria uliginosa, Stellaria gracilis, Arenaria alsinoides | Caryophyllaceae | Bog Chickweed |
| Stellaria aquatica | Cerastium aquaticum, Myosoton aquaticum | Caryophyllaceae | Water Chickweed |
| Stellaria depressa | | Caryophyllaceae | Creeping Chickweed |
| Stellaria graminea | Stellaria gramineoides, Stellaria patentifolia, Stellaria graminea var. graminea | Caryophyllaceae | Grass-Leaved Chickweed |
| Stellaria media | | Caryophyllaceae | Chickweed |
| Stellaria neglecta | Stellaria umbrosa, Stellaria media var. neglecta, Stellaria octandra | Caryophyllaceae | Greater Chickweed |
| Stellaria nepalensis | Stellaria neotomentosa | Caryophyllaceae | Nepal Chickweed |
| Stellaria patens | Stellaria longissima, Stellaria fenzliana, Stellaria mollis | Caryophyllaceae | Spreading Chickweed |
| Stellera chamaejasme | Stellera rosea, Stellera himalayensis, Stellera concinna | Thymelaeaceae | Himalayan Stellera |
| Stemodia verticillata | Stemodia humilis, Lindenbergia petelotii, Lendneria humilis | Plantaginaceae | Whorled Twintip |
| Stemodia viscosa | | Plantaginaceae | Sticky Blue Rod |
| Stemona tuberosa | | Stemonaceae | Wild Asparagus |
| Stenotaphrum dimidiatum | Stenotaphrum glabrum, Panicum dimidiatum | Poaceae | Pemba Grass |
| Stephania elegans | | Menispermaceae | Elegant Tape Vine |
| Stephania glabra | | Menispermaceae | Hairless Tape Vine |
| Stephania glandulifera | | Menispermaceae | East-Himalayan Tape Vine |
| Stephania gracilenta | | Menispermaceae | Slender Tape Vine |
| Stephania japonica | Menispermum japonicum, Cissampelos hemandifolia, | Menispermaceae | Tape Vine |
| Stephanotis floribunda | | Apocynaceae | Madagascar Jasmine |
| Sterculia apetala | Sterculia carthaginensis, Clompanus apetala, Helicteres apetala | Sterculiaceae | Panama Tree |
| Sterculia foetida | | Sterculiaceae | Java Olive |
| Sterculia guttata | | Sterculiaceae | Spotted Sterculia |
| Sterculia lanceolata var. coccinea | Sterculia coccinea, Sterculia hamiltonii, Sterculia indica | Sterculiaceae | Shrub Sterculia |
| Sterculia parviflora | Sterculia obscura, Sterculia maingayi, Sterculia holttumii | Sterculiaceae | Common Sterculia |
| Sterculia rubiginosa | Sterculia humilis, Sterculia obovata, Sterculia rufa | Sterculiaceae | Rusty Sterculia |
| Sterculia striatiflora | Clompanus striatiflora | Sterculiaceae | Grooved-Flower Sterculia |
| Sterculia urens | | Sterculiaceae | Gum Karaya |
| Sterculia villosa | | Sterculiaceae | Hairy Sterculia |
| Stereochilus hirtus | Sarcanthus hirtus, Sarcochilus hirtus | Orchidaceae | Hairy Rigid-Lip Orchid |
| Stereospermum chelonoides | Bignonia chelonoides, Bignonia suaveolens, Stereospermum suaveolens | Bignoniaceae | Fragrant Padri Tree |
| Stereospermum kunthianum | Stereospermum dentatum, Bignonia lanata, Stereospermum integrifolium | Bignoniaceae | Pink Jacaranda |
| Stereospermum tetragonum | Bignonia colais, Stereospermum colais, Stereospermum personatum | Bignoniaceae | Yellow Snake Tree |
| Sternbergia vernalis | Amaryllis lutea, Amaryllis vernalis, Sternbergia fischeriana | Amaryllidaceae | Yellow Amaryllis |
| Stevia ovata | | Asteraceae | Candyleaf |
| Stevia rebaudiana | Eupatorium rebaudianum | Asteraceae | Stevia |
| Stictocardia beraviensis | Ipomoea beraviensis | Convolvulaceae | Hawaiian Sunset Vine |
| Stictocardia tiliifolia | Ipomoea tiliifolia, Convolvulus tiliifolius, Argyreia tiliifolia | Convolvulaceae | Linden-Leaf Morning Glory |
| Stigmaphyllon emarginatum | Stigmaphyllon periplocifolium, Stigmaphyllon haitiens | Malpighiaceae | Monarch Amazonvine |
| Stixis suaveolens | Roydsia suaveolens | Capparaceae | Fragrant Caper Vine |
| Stokesia laevis | | Asteraceae | Stokes Aster |
| Stranvaesia nussia | Photinia nussia, Pyrus nussia, Stranvaesia glauca | Rosaceae | Indo-China Chokeberry |
| Streblus asper | Morus tatarica, Streblus lactescens, Trophis aspera | Moraceae | Sand Paper Tree |
| Strelitzia reginae | | Strelitziaceae | Bird of Paradise |
| Streptocarpus ionanthus | Petrocosmea ionantha, Saintpaulia ionantha | Gesneriaceae | African Violet |
| Streptocarpus rexii | Didymocarpus rexii | Gesneriaceae | Cape Primrose |
| Streptolirion volubile | | Commelinaceae | Climbing Twisted-Lily |
| Streptopus simplex | | Liliaceae | Simple Twisted Stalk |
| Streptosolen jamesonii | | Solanaceae | Marmalade Bush |
| Striga angustifolia | Buchnera angustifolia | Orobanchaceae | Narrow-Leaved Witchweed |
| Striga asiatica | Striga lutea | Orobanchaceae | Asiatic Witchweed |
| Striga densiflora | | Orobanchaceae | Denseflower Witchweed |
| Striga gesnerioides | | Orobanchaceae | Purple Witchweed |
| Strigosella africana | Malcolmia africana, Malcolmia laxa, Crucifera africana | Brassicaceae | African Mustard |
| Strobilanthes affinis | Strobilanthes acrocephala, Strobilanthes darrisii, Strobilanthes thirionnii | Acanthaceae | Long-Stamen Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes alternata | Hemigraphis colorata, Ruellia colorata, Ruellia alternata | Acanthaceae | Red Flame Ivy |
| Strobilanthes andamanensis | | Acanthaceae | Andaman Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes atropurpureus | Ruellia atropurpurea | Acanthaceae | Deep-Blue Curved Bells |
| Strobilanthes attenuata | Strobilanthes urticifolia, Strobilanthes reflexa, Ruellia attenuata | Acanthaceae | Blue Nettle |
| Strobilanthes auriculata | Perilepta auriculata | Acanthaceae | Eared Leaf Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes auriculatus var. dyeriana | Strobilanthes dyerianus, Strobilanthes maclellandi | Acanthaceae | Persian Shield |
| Strobilanthes barbatus | Nilgirianthus barbatus, Ruellia barbata, Strobilanthes tetrapterus | Acanthaceae | Bearded Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes callosa | Carvia callosa, Strobilanthes callosus | Acanthaceae | Karvy |
| Strobilanthes campanulata | Nilgirianthus campanulatus, | Acanthaceae | Bellflower Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes capitata | Goldfussia capitata, Ruellia biceps, Strobilanthes biceps | Acanthaceae | Two-Headed Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes carnatica | | Acanthaceae | Carnatic Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes ciliatus | Strobilanthes warreensis, Ruellia ciliata | Acanthaceae | Lesser Kurinji |
| Strobilanthes clarkei | Goldfussia sessilis | Acanthaceae | Stalkless Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes consanguineus | Justicia venosa, Endopogon consanguineus | Acanthaceae | Veined-Leaf Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes cordifolia | Stenosiphonium cordifolium, Ruellia cordifolia | Acanthaceae | Heart-Leaf Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes crossandra | Strobilanthes burmanica, Ruellia crenata, Hemigraphis crenata | Acanthaceae | Burma Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes cusia | Strobilanthes flaccidifolius | Acanthaceae | Assam Indigo |
| Strobilanthes cuspidatus | Endopogon cuspidatus, Endopogon versicolor, Phlebophyllum versicolor | Acanthaceae | Kanara Kurinji |
| Strobilanthes dimorphotricha | Strobilanthes geniculata, Strobilanthes seguinii, Goldfussia dimorphotricha | Acanthaceae | Unequal-Leaved Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes discolor | Goldfussia discolor, Strobilanthes nagaensis, Diflugossa nagaensis | Acanthaceae | Naga Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes divaricata | Ruellia divaricata, Goldfussia divaricata | Acanthaceae | Diverging-Pair Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes echinata | Strobilanthes pectinata, Ruellia echinata, Strobilanthes calvata | Acanthaceae | Pink East-Himalayan Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes foliosa | Endopogon capitatus, Nilgirianthus foliosus | Acanthaceae | Leaf-Enclosed Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes frondosa | | Acanthaceae | Leafy Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes glomerata | Goldfussia glomerata, Ruellia glomerata, Ruellia nutans | Acanthaceae | Clustered Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes glutinosa | Ruellia glutinosa, Pseudaechmanthera glutinosa, Strobilanthes glutinosus | Acanthaceae | Sticky Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes gracilis | Mackenziea gracilis, Strobilanthes beddomei | Acanthaceae | Slender Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes hamiltoniana | Strobilanthes colorata, Ruellia hamiltoniana | Acanthaceae | Chinese Rain Bell |
| Strobilanthes helicta | Asystasia calycina, Ruellia calycina, Pteracanthus calycinus | Acanthaceae | Twisted Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes heyneanus | Nilgirianthus heyneanus | Acanthaceae | Karun Kurinji |
| Strobilanthes hirta | Ruellia hitra, Ruellia sarmentosa, Hemigraphis hirta | Acanthaceae | Hairy Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes integrifolia | Endopogon integrifolius, Leptacanthus alatus, Mackenziea integrifolia | Acanthaceae | Entire-Leaf Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes ixiocephalus | Thelepaepale ixiocephala, Strobilanthes glutinosus, Strobilanthes eriocephalus | Acanthaceae | Sky Blue Karvy |
| Strobilanthes jomyi | | Acanthaceae | Dangling Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes khasyana | Strobilanthes khasyanus, Endopogon khasyanus, Listrobanthes khasyana | Acanthaceae | Khasi Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes kunthiana | Ruellia kunthiana, Phlebophyllum kunthianum, Phlebophyllum angustifolium | Acanthaceae | Kurinji |
| Strobilanthes lamiifolia | Goldfussia lamiifolia, Ruellia lamiifolia, Strobilanthes feddei | Acanthaceae | Mint-Leaf Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes lupulina | Strobilanthes lupulinus, Nilgirianthus lupulinus, Ruellia lupulina | Acanthaceae | Hop Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes luridus | Didyplosandra lurida | Acanthaceae | Lurid Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes maculatus | Ruellia maculata | Acanthaceae | Spotted Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes mastersii | Strobilanthes aborensis, Goldfussia scoriarum, Strobilanthes scoriarum | Acanthaceae | Masters Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes micranthus | | Acanthaceae | Small Flowered Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes neoasper | Nilgirianthus asper, Strobilanthes aspera, Strobilanthes asper Wight | Acanthaceae | Rough Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes paniculiformis | | Acanthaceae | Panicled Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes pavala | Hemigraphis latebrosa, Ruellia pavala, Hemigraphis pavala | Acanthaceae | Shade Loving Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes pentastemonoides var. dalhousieana | Strobilanthes dalhousianus, Goldfussia dalhousiana | Acanthaceae | Smooth Penstemon Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes perrottetianus | Nilgirianthus perrottetianus | Acanthaceae | Chonakurinji |
| Strobilanthes pubiflora | | Acanthaceae | Hairy-Tube Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes pulneyensis | Nilgirianthus circarensis, Strobilanthes circarensis | Acanthaceae | Palani Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes recurva | | Acanthaceae | Manipur Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes reptans | Ruellia reptans, Hemigraphis reptans, Hemigraphis diffusa | Acanthaceae | Creeping Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes reticulata | Nilgirianthus reticulatus, Pleocaulus reticulatus | Acanthaceae | Hill Conehead |
| Strobilanthes rhombifolia | | Acanthaceae | Rhombic-Leaf Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes sabineana | Ruellia sabiniana, Strobilanthes sabiniana | Acanthaceae | Bent Himalayan Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes scaber | Ruellia scabra, Hemigraphis aspera, Strobilanthes asper | Acanthaceae | East-Indian Yellow Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes scrobiculatus | Strobilanthes scrobiculata, Supushpa scrobiculata, Thelepaepale scrobiculata | Acanthaceae | Pitted Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes sessilis var. ritchei | Pleocaulus ritchei | Acanthaceae | Mal Karvy |
| Strobilanthes simonsii | | Acanthaceae | White East-Himalayan Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes sinuata | Ruellia repanda, Hemigraphis repanda | Acanthaceae | Dragon's Breath |
| Strobilanthes spicatus | Strobilanthes phyllocaulos, Pteracanthus phyllocaulos | Acanthaceae | Spiked Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes sunhangii | | Acanthaceae | Double-Curved Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes tubiflos | Strobilanthes petiolaris var. tubiflos | Acanthaceae | Tube Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes twangensis | | Acanthaceae | Tawang Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes urceolaris | Nilgirianthus urceolaris Bremek. | Acanthaceae | Pitcher Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes urens | Hemigraphis urens, Ruellia urens, Ruellia dura, Gantelbua urens | Acanthaceae | Stinging Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes wallichii | Pteracanthus alatus, Ruellia alata, Strobilanthes atropurpurea var. wallichii | Acanthaceae | Pale Trumpet Coneflower |
| Strobilanthes wightiana | Nilgirianthus wightianus Bremek. | Acanthaceae | Pale Kurinji |
| Strobilanthes wightii | Stenosiphonium diandrum, Stenosiphonium wightii | Acanthaceae | Two-Stamen Coneflower |
| Strobocalyx arborea | Vernonia arborea, Vernonia monosis, Vernonia javanica | Asteraceae | Tree Vernonia |
| Strongyleria pannea | Eria pannea, Mycaranthes pannea, Pinalia pannea | Orchidaceae | Flag Eria |
| Strongylodon lucidus | Glycine lucida, Arthroclianthus vieillardii | Fabaceae | Pink Strongylodon |
| Strophanthus boivinii | Roupellina boivinii | Apocynaceae | Corkscrew Flower |
| Strophanthus gratus | | Apocynaceae | Climbing Oleander |
| Strophanthus kombe | Strophanthus hispidus var. kombe | Apocynaceae | Kombe Arrow-Poison |
| Strophanthus wightianus | | Apocynaceae | Agastyamala Twisted-Flower |
| Struchium sparganophorum | Ethulia sparganophora, Struchium herbaceum | Asteraceae | Yerba De Faja |
| Strychnos nux-vomica | | Loganiaceae | Nux Vomica |
| Strychnos potatorum | Strychnos heterodoxa, Strychnos stuhlmannii | Loganiaceae | Clearing Nut Tree |
| Strychnos wallichiana | Strychnos cinnamomifolia, Strychnos lucida, Strychnos tubiflora | Loganiaceae | Poison-Fruit Vine |
| Stuckenia pectinata | Potamogeton pectinatus, Potamogeton diffusus, Potamogeton filiformis | Potamogetonaceae | Fennel Pondweed |
| Stylosanthes fruticosa | Arachis fruticosa, Stylosanthes bojeri, Stylosanthes mucronata | Fabaceae | Shrubby Pencil-Flower |
| Stylosanthes hamata | Hedysarum hamatum, Stylosanthes eriocarpa, Stylosanthes humilis, Stylosanthes procumbens | Fabaceae | Caribbean Stylo |
| Stylosanthes scabra | Stylosanthes nervosa, Stylosanthes suffruticosa, Stylosanthes tuberculata | Fabaceae | Shrubby Stylo |
| Stylosanthes viscosa | Stylosanthes prostrata, Astyposanthes viscosa | Fabaceae | Sticky Stylo |
| Styphnolobium japonicum | Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica var. pendula | Fabaceae | Chinese Scholar Tree |
| Suaeda maritima | Chenopodium maritimum | Chenopodiaceae | Annual Sea-Blite |
| Suaeda monoica | Lerchia monoica, Salsola monoica, Schoberia monoica | Amaranthaceae | South-Indian Seepweed |
| Suaeda olufsenii | Suaeda corniculata var. olufsenii | Amaranthaceae | Siberian Seepweed |
| Sulcorebutia arenacea | Rebutia arenacea, Weingartia arenacea | Cactaceae | Sandy Rebutia |
| Suregada lanceolata | Suregada angustifolia Airy Shaw, Gelonium lanceolatum | Euphorbiaceae | South Indian Suregada |
| Suregada multiflora | Gelonium multiflorum | Euphorbiaceae | False Lime |
| Suriana maritima | | Surianaceae | Bay Cedar |
| Swainsona formosa | Clianthus formosus | Fabaceae | Sturt's Desert Pea |
| Swertia alata | Ophelia alata | Gentianaceae | Winged-Stem Swertia |
| Swertia alpina | | Gentianaceae | Alpine Swertia |
| Swertia alternifolia | | Gentianaceae | Yellow Himalayan Swertia |
| Swertia angustifolia | | Gentianaceae | Narrow-Leaved Swertia |
| Swertia angustifolia var. pulchella | Ophelia pulchella, Swertia vacillans, Swertia affinis | Gentianaceae | Pretty Narrow-Leaved Swertia |
| Swertia beddomei | | Gentianaceae | Malabar Bluish Swertia |
| Swertia bimaculata | Ophelia bimaculata | Gentianaceae | Double-Spotted Swertia |
| Swertia chirayita | Swertia chirata, Ophelia chirata | Gentianaceae | Chirayita |
| Swertia cordata | Ophelia cordata | Gentianaceae | Heart-Leaf Swertia |
| Swertia cuneata | | Gentianaceae | Blue Alpine Swertia |
| Swertia densifolia | | Gentianaceae | Dense Leaved Swertia |
| Swertia dilatata | | Gentianaceae | Swollen-Stamen Green Swertia |
| Swertia dilatata var. pilosa | | Gentianaceae | Swollen-Stamen Pink Swertia |
| Swertia hookeri | | Gentianaceae | East-Himalayan Swertia |
| Swertia kashmirensis subsp. darii | | Gentianaceae | Whitish Kashmir Swertia |
| Swertia kashmirensis | | Gentianaceae | Kashmir Swertia |
| Swertia lawii | Ophelia lawii, Swertia pauciflora, Ophelia pauciflora | Gentianaceae | Few-Flowered Swertia |
| Swertia lurida | Ophelia lurida | Gentianaceae | Sallow Swertia |
| Swertia macrosperma | Swertia scandens, Swertia randaiensis, Ophelia macrosperma | Gentianaceae | Large-Seed Swertia |
| Swertia multicaulis | | Gentianaceae | Many-Stem Swertia |
| Swertia pahalgamensis | | Gentianaceae | Pahalgam Swertia |
| Swertia paniculata | Ophelia paniculata, Ophelia wallichii, Swertia gracilescens | Gentianaceae | Panicled Swertia |
| Swertia petiolata | | Gentianaceae | Stalked-Leaf Swertia |
| Swertia purpurascens | Swertia ciliata, Ophelia ciliata, Ophelia purpurascens | Gentianaceae | Purple-Ring Swertia |
| Swertia raveendrae | | Gentianaceae | Kanara Blue Swertia |
| Swertia souliei | Swertia subspeciosa, Swertia corymbosa | Gentianaceae | Corymbose Swertia |
| Swertia speciosa | | Gentianaceae | Showy Swertia |
| Swertia tetragona | | Gentianaceae | Quadrangular Swertia |
| Swertia thomsonii | | Gentianaceae | Green-Heart Swertia |
| Swietenia macrophylla | | Meliaceae | Big-Leaf Mahogany |
| Syagrus romanzoffiana | Cocos plumosa, Cocos australis, Calappa australis | Arecaceae | Queen Palm |
| Symphorema involucratum | Congea involucratum, Congea paniculata, Analectis speciosa | Verbenaceae | Pinwheel Creeper |
| Symphorema polyandrum | | Verbenaceae | South Indian Symphorema |
| Symphyotrichum novi-belgii | Aster novi-belgii, Aster laevigatus, Aster bicolor | Asteraceae | New York Aster |
| Symphyotrichum subulatum | Aster subulatus | Asteraceae | Annual Saltmarsh Aster |
| Symphytum officinale | Symphytum uliginosum | Boraginaceae | Comfrey |
| Symplocos cochinchinensis subsp. cochinchinensis | Symplocos congesta, Symplocos ferruginifolia, Symplocos javanica | Symplocaceae | Chinese Sapphire Berry |
| Symplocos cochinchinensis var. laurina | Symplocos laurina, Symplocos spicata, Symplocos terminalis | Symplocaceae | Laurel Sapphire Berry |
| Symplocos glomerata | | Symplocaceae | Clustered Sapphire Berry |
| Symplocos macrophylla subsp. rosea | Symplocos rosea, Symplocos racemosa Wight ex C.B.Cl. | Symplocaceae | Rosy Sapphire Berry |
| Symplocos macrophylla | Symplocos microphylla Wight | Symplocaceae | Large-Leaf Sapphire Berry |
| Symplocos paniculata | Cotoneaster coreanus, Symplocos sinica, Symplocos chinensis | Symplocaceae | Sapphire Berry |
| Symplocos racemosa | Lodhra racemosa, Symplocos hamiltoniana, Symplocos nicobarica | Symplocaceae | Lodh Tree |
| Symplocos ramosissima | Eugenioides ramosissimum, Lodhra ramosissima | Symplocaceae | Many-Branched Sapphire Berry |
| Syncolostemon comosus | Orthosiphon bracteatus, Orthosiphon comosus | Lamiaceae | Hairy Java Tea |
| Synedrella nodiflora | Verbesina nodiflora | Asteraceae | Cinderella Weed |
| Syngonium podophyllum | | Araceae | Arrowhead Plant |
| Synostemon bacciformis | Sauropus bacciformis, Breynia bacciformis, Emblica annua | Phyllanthaceae | Creeping Gooseberry |
| Synotis alata | Senecio alatus | Asteraceae | Winged Senecio |
| Synotis cappa | Senecio cappa, Senecio densiflorus, Senecio aureus | Asteraceae | Golden Ragwort |
| Synotis kunthiana | Senecio kunthianus, Cineraria dealbata | Asteraceae | Himalayan Senecio |
| Synotis rufinervis | Senecio rufinervis, Senecio auriculatus | Asteraceae | Red-Nerved Senecio |
| Syringa emodi | | Oleaceae | Himalayan Lilac |
| Syzygium aqueum | Jambosa javanica, Syzygium javanicum, Jambosa aquea | Myrtaceae | Water Rose Apple |
| Syzygium australe | Eugenia australis, Jambosa australis, Eugenia myrtifolia | Myrtaceae | Brush Cherry |
| Syzygium calophyllifolium | Eugenia calophyllifolia | Myrtaceae | Pretty-Leaved Plum |
| Syzygium caryophyllatum | Myrtus caryophyllata, Syzygium caryophyllaeum, Eugenia corymbosa | Myrtaceae | South Indian Plum |
| Syzygium cumini | | Myrtaceae | Jamun |
| Syzygium formosum | Eugenia formosa, Jambosa formosa, Syzygium lancifolium | Myrtaceae | Large-Leaf Pink Plum |
| Syzygium hemisphericum | Jambosa hemispherica, Eugenia hemispherica, Strongylocalyx hemisphaericus | Myrtaceae | Hemispheric Rose-Apple |
| Syzygium jambos | Eugenia jambos, Eugenia decora, Myrtus jambos | Myrtaceae | Rose Apple |
| Syzygium laetum | | Myrtaceae | Red-Flower Plum |
| Syzygium malaccense | Eugenia malaccensis, Jambosa malaccensis | Myrtaceae | Malay Apple |
| Syzygium mundagam | Eugenia mundagam, Jambosa mundagam | Myrtaceae | Mundagam Plum |
| Syzygium munroi | Eugenia munroi, Jambosa munroi | Myrtaceae | Indian Waterberry |
| Syzygium myrtifolium | Eugenia myrtifolia Roxb., Syzygium campanulatum | Myrtaceae | Red Lip |
| Syzygium salicifolium | Syzygium heyneanum, Eugenia heyneana | Myrtaceae | Kath Jamun |
| Syzygium samarangense | Eugenia javanica | Myrtaceae | Wax Apple |
| Syzygium zeylanicum | Eugenia zeylanica, Eugenia spicata | Myrtaceae | Spicate Eugenia |
| Tabebuia aurea | Tabebuia caraiba, Bignonia aurea, Tecoma aurea | Bignoniaceae | Caribbean Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia haemantha | Bignonia haemantha, Tecoma haemantha | Bignoniaceae | Blood-Red Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia heterophylla | Tabebuia pallida subsp. pentaphylla, Tabebuia pentaphylla | Bignoniaceae | Cuban Pink Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia pallida | Bignonia pallida, Tabebuia heterophylla subsp. pallida | Bignoniaceae | Pale Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia rosea | | Bignoniaceae | Rosy Trumpet Tree |
| Tabernaemontana alternifolia | Ervatamia heyneana, Tabernaemontana heyneana | Apocynaceae | Alternate-Leaved Crape Jasmine |
| Tabernaemontana divaricata | Tabernaemontana citrifolia, Tabernaemontana coronaria, Nerium coronarium | Apocynaceae | Crape Jasmine |
| Tabernaemontana gamblei | Ervatamia caudata | Apocynaceae | Nilgiri Crape Jasmine |
| Tabernaemontana rostrata | Tabernaemontana crispa | Apocynaceae | Orange Dutchman's Shoes |
| Tacca chantrieri | Tacca macrantha, Tacca roxburghii, Tacca wilsonii | Dioscoreaceae | Bat Flower |
| Tacca integrifolia | Tacca laevis, Tacca aspera, Tacca cristata | Dioscoreaceae | White Bat Flower |
| Tacca leontopetaloides | Tacca hawaiiensis, Tacca involucrata, Tacca pinnatifida | Dioscoreaceae | Fiji Arrowroot |
| Tadehagi pseudotriquetrum | Desmodium pseudotriquetrum, Pteroloma pseudotriquetrum | Fabaceae | Dwarf Winged-Stalk Desmodium |
| Tadehagi triquetrum | Desmodium triquetrum, Hedysarum triquetrum, Pteroloma triquetrum | Fabaceae | Winged-Stalk Desmodium |
| Taeniophyllum alwisii | Alwisia minuta | Orchidaceae | Tiny Ribbon-Leaf Orchid |
| Taeniophyllum retrospiculatum | Sarcochilus retrospiculatus | Orchidaceae | Back-Bent Ribbon-Leaf Orchid |
| Tagetes elongata | Tagetes tenuifolia Kunth, Tagetes corymbosa | Asteraceae | Elongate Marigold |
| Tagetes erecta | Tagetes patula, Tagetes tenuifolia, Tagetes excelsa | Asteraceae | Marigold |
| Tagetes minuta | | Asteraceae | Wild Marigold |
| Tainia bicornis | Eria bicornis, Eria wightii, Ania bicornis | Orchidaceae | Two-Horned Tainia |
| Tainia latifolia | Ania latifolia, Mitopetalum latifolium | Orchidaceae | Broadleaf Tainia |
| Tainia megalantha | Mischobulbum megalanthum | Orchidaceae | Large-Flower Tainia |
| Tainia minor | | Orchidaceae | Tiny Tainia |
| Talinum fruticosum | Talinum triangulare, Portulaca triangularis, Portulaca fruticosa | Portulacaceae | Ceylon Spinach |
| Talinum paniculatum | Talinum patens, Portulaca patens | Portulacaceae | Jewels of Opar |
| Talipariti hastatum | Hibiscus hastatus, Hibiscus tiliaceus subsp. hastatus | Malvaceae | Lobed Leaf Sea Hibiscus |
| Tamarindus indica | | Caesalpiniaceae | Tamarind |
| Tamarix aphylla | Tamarix orientalis, Tamarix furas, Tamarix faras | Tamaricaceae | Athel Pine |
| Tamarix dioica | Tamarix articulata, Tamarix longe-pedunculata | Tamaricaceae | Red Tamarisk |
| Tamarix ericoides | Trichaurus ericoides, Tamarix mucronata | Tamaricaceae | Erica Tamarisk |
| Tamarix indica | Tamarix gallica var. indica, Tamarix pulchella, Tamarix bengalensis | Tamaricaceae | Indian Tamarisk |
| Tamarix parviflora | | Tamaricaceae | Smallflower Tamarisk |
| Tamarix ramosissima | Tamarix altaica, Tamarix eversmannii, Tamarix odessana | Tamaricaceae | Salt Cedar |
| Tamilnadia uliginosa | Gardenia uliginosa, Catunaregam uliginosa, Randia uliginosa, Gardenia pomifera | Rubiaceae | Divine Jasmine |
| Tanacetum cinerariifolium | Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Chrysanthemum rigidum | Asteraceae | Dalmatian Chrysanthemum |
| Tanacetum parthenium | Chrysanthemum parthenium, Pyrethrum parthenium | Asteraceae | Feverfew |
| Tapeinochilos ananassae | Costus ananassae, Costus pungens | Costaceae | Pineapple Ginger |
| Taraxacum candidatum | | Asteraceae | White Himalayan Dandelion |
| Taraxacum officinale | | Asteraceae | Dandelion |
| Taraxacum parvulum | Taraxacum himalaicum, Taraxacum rawalpindicum, Taraxacum kawaguchii | Asteraceae | Himalayan Dandelion |
| Tarenna asiatica | Rondeletia asiatica, Webera corymbosa, Chomelia asiatica | Rubiaceae | Asiatic Tarenna |
| Tarlmounia elliptica | Vernonia elliptica, Vernonia elaeagnifolia | Asteraceae | Curtain Creeper |
| Tateishia concinna | Desmodium concinnum, Desmodium barbigerum, Meibomia concinna | Fabaceae | Blue Desmodium |
| Taverniera cuneifolia | Taverniera glabra, Hedysarum cuneifolium, Taverniera nummularia | Fabaceae | Wedge-Leaf Taverniera |
| Taxillus cuneatus | Dendrophthoe cuneata, Loranthus cuneatus, Loranthus montanus | Loranthaceae | Wedge-Leaf Mistletoe |
| Taxillus heyneanus | Taxillus bracteatus Tiegh., Loranthus bracteatus | Loranthaceae | Bracted Mistletoe |
| Taxillus recurvus | Loranthus candolleanus, Loranthus recurvus, Dendrophthoe recurva | Loranthaceae | Curved-Flower Mistletoe |
| Taxillus tomentosus | Loranthus tomentosus | Loranthaceae | Hairy Mistletoe |
| Taxillus vestitus | Loranthus vestitus | Loranthaceae | Rusty Mistletoe |
| Taxodium mucronatum | | Cupressaceae | Mexican Cypress |
| Taxus wallichiana | Taxus baccata subsp. wallichiana, Taxus orientalis | Taxaceae | Himalayan Yew |
| Tecoma castanifolia | | Bignoniaceae | Chestnutleaf Trumpetbush |
| Tecoma fulva | Bignonia fulva | Bignoniaceae | Cahuato |
| Tecomaria capensis | Tecoma capensis, Bignonia capensis | Bignoniaceae | Cape Honeysuckle |
| Tecoma stans | | Bignoniaceae | Yellow Bells |
| Tecoma stans var. angustata | | Bignoniaceae | Narrow-Leaf Yellow Bells |
| Tecomella undulata | Tecoma undulata, Bignonia undulata | Bignoniaceae | Roheda |
| Tectona grandis | | Verbenaceae | Teak |
| Telosma cordata | Telosma minor, Pergularia minor, Oxystelma ovatum, Telosma odoratissima, Asclepias cordata, Pergularia odoratissima | Apocynaceae | Fragrant Telosma |
| Telosma pallida | Asclepias pallida, Pergularia pallida | Apocynaceae | Telosma Vine |
| Tenaxia cachemyriana | Danthonia kashmiriana, Danthonia cachemyriana, Danthonia exilis | Poaceae | Kashmir Wire Grass |
| Tephrosia candida | Cracca candida, Xiphocarpus candidus | Fabaceae | White Hoary Pea |
| Tephrosia maxima | Tephrosia purpurea var. maxima, Cracca maxima, Galega maxima | Fabaceae | Large Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia pentaphylla | Tephrosia senticosa, Tephrosia similis, Galega pentaphylla | Fabaceae | Five-Leaf Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia pumila | Tephrosia procumbens, Tephrosia timoriensis, Tephrosia hirsuta | Fabaceae | Indigo Sauvage |
| Tephrosia purpurea | Tephrosia lanceifolia, Tephrosia indigofera, Tephrosia wallichii | Fabaceae | Common Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia strigosa | | Fabaceae | Bristly Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia subtriflora | Tephrosia multiflora, Tephrosia pauciflora, Tephrosia vicioides | Fabaceae | Prostrate Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia tinctoria | Galega tinctoria, Cracca tinctoria, Tephrosia pulcherrima | Fabaceae | Orange Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia uniflora subsp. petrosa | Tephrosia petrosa | Fabaceae | Rock Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia villosa | Tephrosia incana, Tephrosia hirta | Fabaceae | Hoary Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia vogelii | Cracca vogelii | Fabaceae | Fish-Poison Bean |
| Teramnus mollis | Teramnus labialis var. mollis, Glycine mollis | Fabaceae | Blue Wiss |
| Terminalia anogeissiana | Anogeissus latifolia, Conocarpus latifolius | Combretaceae | Axle Wood Tree |
| Terminalia arjuna | | Combretaceae | Arjun Tree |
| Terminalia bellirica | Myrobalanus bellirica | Combretaceae | Baheda |
| Terminalia catappa | | Combretaceae | Indian Almond |
| Terminalia chebula | | Combretaceae | Chebulic Myrobalan |
| Terminalia citrina | Terminalia multiflora, Myrobalanus citrina, Terminalia manii | Combretaceae | Yellow Myrobalan |
| Terminalia elliptica | Terminalia alata, Terminalia macrocarpa, Terminalia ovata | Combretaceae | Indian Laurel |
| Terminalia muelleri | Myrobalanus muelleri | Combretaceae | Australian Almond |
| Terminalia myriocarpa | Myrobalanus myriocarpa, Pentaptera saja, Terminalia saja | Combretaceae | East-Indian Almond |
| Terminalia neotaliala | Terminalia mantaly, Terminalia obcordiformis, Terminalia taliala | Combretaceae | Madagascar Almond Tree |
| Terminalia paniculata | Pentaptera paniculata | Combretaceae | Kindal Tree |
| Terminalia pendula | Anogeissus pendula, Anogeissus myrtifolia, Conocarpus myrtifolius | Combretaceae | Buttontree |
| Terminthia paniculata | Rhus paniculata, Toxicodendron paniculatum | Anacardiaceae | Panicled Sumac |
| Ternstroemia gymnanthera | Ternstroemia parvifolia, Ternstroemia lushia, Cleyera gymnanthera | Theaceae | Cleyera |
| Tetraena simplex | Zygophyllum simplex, Zygophyllum obtusum, Zygophyllum microphyllum | Zygophyllaceae | Unbranched Bean-Caper |
| Tetragonia tetragonoides | Tetragonia borealis, Tetragonia cornuta, Tetragonia japonica | Aizoaceae | New Zealand Spinach |
| Tetrameles nudiflora | Anictoclea grahamiana, Tetrameles grahamiana | Tetramelaceae | False Hemp Tree |
| Tetrapanax papyrifer | Aralia papyrifera, Panax papyrifer | Araliaceae | Rice-Paper Plant |
| Tetraphylloides bengalensis | Tetraphyllum bengalense | Gesneriaceae | East-Indian Fourleaf |
| Tetrapilus dioicus | Olea dioica, Olea laevis | Oleaceae | Rose Sandalwood |
| Tetrapogon tenellus | Tetrapogon macranthus, Tetrapogon triangulatus, Chloris tenella | Poaceae | Tender Finger Grass |
| Tetrapogon villosus | Chloris villosa, Chloris tetrapogon, Chloris villosa var. sinaica | Poaceae | Shaggy Finger Grass |
| Tetrastigma leucostaphylum | Vitis leucostaphylum, Tetrastigma leucostaphylum, Cissus leucostaphyla | Vitaceae | Indian Chestnut Vine |
| Tetrastigma rumicispermum | Vitis rumicisperma, Tetrastigma corymbosum, Vitis tuberculata | Vitaceae | Warty Chestnut Vine |
| Tetrastigma serrulatum | Cissus napaulensis, Cissus serrulata, Vitis serrulata | Vitaceae | Toothed-Leaf Chestnut Vine |
| Tetrataenium nepalense | Heracleum nepalense, Sium lobatum | Apiaceae | Nepal Hogweed |
| Tetrataenium rigens | Heracleum candolleanum, Heracleum rigens, Pastinaca rigens | Apiaceae | Rigid Hogweed |
| Teucrium royleanum | Teucrium edelbergii | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Germander |
| Teucrium tomentosum | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Germander |
| Teucrium viscidum | Teucrium stoloniferum | Lamiaceae | Sticky Germander |
| Thalia dealbata | Maranta dealbata, Spirostalis biflora | Marantaceae | Powdery Thalia |
| Thalia geniculata | Thalia erecta, Maranta geniculata, Thalia dipetala | Marantaceae | Alligator Flag |
| Thalictrum alpinum | | Ranunculaceae | Alpine Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum chelidonii | Thalictrum cysticarpum | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum cultratum | Thalictrum deciternatum, Thalictrum fistulosum, Thalictrum yui | Ranunculaceae | Purple-Stamen Meadow-Rue |
| Thalictrum dalzellii | | Ranunculaceae | Hill Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum foliolosum | | Ranunculaceae | Leafy Meadow-Rue |
| Thalictrum minus | Thalictrum vulgare, Thalictrum foetidum var. delponteanum | Ranunculaceae | Lesser Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum reniforme | | Ranunculaceae | Purple Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum saniculiforme | Thalictrum radiatum, Thalictrum rupestre | Ranunculaceae | Sanicle Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum virgatum | | Ranunculaceae | Virgate Meadow Rue |
| Thelasis longifolia | | Orchidaceae | Long-Leaf Thelasis |
| Thelepogon elegans | Andropogon princeps, Meoschium elegans, Sehima elegans | Poaceae | Elegant Rat-Tail Grass |
| Themeda anathera | Androscepia anathera, Anthistiria anathera | Poaceae | Loonder Grass |
| Themeda triandra | Anthistiria punctata, Anthistiria imberbis, Anthistiria japonica | Poaceae | Kangaroo Grass |
| Theobroma cacao | | Sterculiaceae | Cocoa Tree |
| Theriophonum sivaganganum | Pauella sivagangana | Araceae | Sivaganga Voodoo Lily |
| Thermopsis barbata | | Fabaceae | Black Pea |
| Theropogon pallidus | | Liliaceae | Himalayan Theropogon |
| Thesium himalense | | Santalaceae | Himalayan Thesium |
| Thespesia populnea | Hibiscus populneus, Abelmoschus acuminatus, Hibiscus blumei | Malvaceae | Indian Tulip Tree |
| Thladiantha cordifolia | Thladiantha calcarata | Cucurbitaceae | Himalayan Goldencreeper |
| Thlaspi arvense | Thlaspi collinum, Crucifera thlaspi, Thlaspidium arvense | Brassicaceae | Field Penny-Cress |
| Thottea barberi | Apama barberi | Aristolochiaceae | Brown Thottea |
| Thottea dalzellii | Bragantia dalzellii, Apama dalzellii | Aristolochiaceae | Dark-Purple Thottea |
| Thottea duchartrei | | Aristolochiaceae | Yellow Thottea |
| Thottea ponmudiana | | Aristolochiaceae | Ponmudi Thottea |
| Thottea siliquosa | Apama siliquosa | Aristolochiaceae | Chakrani |
| Thottea sivarajanii | | Aristolochiaceae | Kerala Thottea |
| Thrinax radiata | Thrinax floridana, Coccothrinax radiata | Arecaceae | Florida Thatch Palm |
| Thrixspermum acuminatissimum | Aerides acuminatissima, Dendrocolla acuminatissima | Orchidaceae | Thread-Petal Hairseed Orchid |
| Thrixspermum centipeda | Dendrocolla arachnites, Vanda pauciflora, Thrixspermum arachnites | Orchidaceae | Centipede Hairseed Orchid |
| Thrixspermum saruwatarii | Sarcochilus saruwatarii | Orchidaceae | Arunachal Hairseed Orchid |
| Thuarea involuta | Thuarea latifolia, Thuarea media, Thuarea sarmentosa | Poaceae | Tropical Beach Grass |
| Thunbergia alata | | Acanthaceae | Black-Eyed Susan Vine |
| Thunbergia bicolor | Thunbergia wightiana, Schmidia bicolor | Acanthaceae | Bicolor Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia coccinea | | Acanthaceae | Scarlet Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia erecta | Meyenia erecta | Acanthaceae | King's Mantle |
| Thunbergia fragrans | | Acanthaceae | Sweet Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia grandiflora | Thunbergia chinensis, Thunbergia cordifolia, Thunbergia malvifolia | Acanthaceae | Bengal Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia laurifolia | Thunbergia grandiflora var. laurifolia, Thunbergia harrisii | Acanthaceae | Laurel Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia lutea | Thunbergia salweenensis | Acanthaceae | Sikkim Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia mysorensis | Hexacentris mysorensis | Acanthaceae | Mysore Clock Vine |
| Thunia alba var. alba | Thunia marshalliana, Phaius marshallianus, Phajus marshallianus | Orchidaceae | White Thunia |
| Thunia alba var. bracteata | Thunia venosa, Thunia bracteata, Limodorum bracteatum | Orchidaceae | Veined Thunia |
| Thylacospermum caespitosum | Arenaria caespitosa, Arenaria rupicola | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Rock Pincushion |
| Thymophylla tenuiloba | Dyssodia tenuiloba, Hymenatherum tenuilobum | Asteraceae | Dahlberg Daisy |
| Thymus linearis | Thymus himalayicus, Thymus afghanicus, Thymus baluchistanicus | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Thyme |
| Thyrsacanthus secundus | Anisacanthus secundus | Acanthaceae | Desert Honeysuckle |
| Thysanolaena latifolia | Thysanolaena maxima, Agrostis maxima, Melica latifolia, Thysanolaena agrostis | Poaceae | Tiger Grass |
| Tiarella polyphylla | | Saxifragaceae | Foam Flower |
| Tibetia himalaica | Gueldenstaedtia himalaica, Gueldenstaedtia uniflora | Fabaceae | Himalayan Tibetia |
| Tigridia pavonia | Tigridia lutea, Tigridia grandiflora, Tigridia speciosa | Iridaceae | Tiger Flower |
| Tiliacora acuminata | Menispermum acuminatum Lam., Tiliacora racemosa Colebr. | Menispermaceae | Tapering-Leaf Tiliacora |
| Tilia cordata | Tilia parvifolia, Tilia ulmifolia | Tiliaceae | Small Leaved Lime |
| Tilia platyphyllos | | Tiliaceae | Large-Leaf Lime |
| Tillandsia pohliana | Tillandsia latisepala, Tillandsia hilaireana, Tillandsia windhausenii | Bromeliaceae | Pohl's Air Plant |
| Tillandsia usneoides | Tillandsia filiformis, Tillandsia crinita, Tillandsia trichoides | Bromeliaceae | Spanish Moss |
| Tinantia erecta | Tradescantia erecta, Pomogesia erecta, Tinantia fugax | Commelinaceae | Upright Spiderwort |
| Tinospora cordifolia | | Menispermaceae | Heartleaf Moonseed |
| Tinospora sinensis | Campylus sinensis, Tinospora malabarica | Menispermaceae | Malabar Moonseed |
| Tipuana tipu | Machaerium tipu, Tipuana speciosa | Fabaceae | Tipu Tree |
| Tithonia diversifolia | | Asteraceae | Giant Mexican Sunflower |
| Tithonia rotundifolia | Tithonia speciosa, | Asteraceae | Mexican Sunflower |
| Tolypanthus lagenifer | Loranthus lagenifer, Loranthus lageniflorus | Loranthaceae | Bottle Mistletoe |
| Tolypanthus maclurei | Loranthus maclurei | Loranthaceae | Assam Mistletoe |
| Toona ciliata | Cedrela toona, Cedrela serrulata, Cedrela kingii | Meliaceae | Toon Tree |
| Toona sinensis | Toona serrata, Toona glabra, Cedrela sinensis | Meliaceae | Chinese Toon |
| Tordyliopsis brunonis | Heracleum brunonis, Tordylium brunonis, Tordylioides brunonis | Apiaceae | Purple-Flower Hogweed |
| Torenia anagallis | Lindernia anagallis, Lindernia emarginata, Vandellia anagallis, Lindernia pedunculata | Linderniaceae | Pimpernel Lindernia |
| Torenia asiatica | Torenia glabra, Torenia alata, Torenia obtusifolia | Linderniaceae | Asiatic Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia bicolor | | Linderniaceae | Two-Color Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia cordifolia | | Linderniaceae | Heart-Leaf Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia crustacea | Lindernia crustacea, Capraria crustacea, Vandellia crustacea | Linderniaceae | Malaysian Lindernia |
| Torenia flava | Torenia baillonii, Torenia hokutensis, Mimulus hirsutus | Linderniaceae | Yellow Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia fournieri 'Catalina Pink' | | Linderniaceae | Wishbone Flower pink |
| Torenia fournieri | | Linderniaceae | Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia indica | | Linderniaceae | Indian Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia lindernioides | | Linderniaceae | Lindernia Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia violacea | Mimulus violaceus, Torenia peduncularis | Linderniaceae | Violet Wishbone Flower |
| Torilis japonica | Caucalis japonica, Torilis anthriscus, Caucalis anthriscus | Apiaceae | Upright Hedge Parsley |
| Torilis nodosa | | Apiaceae | Knotted Hedge-Parsley |
| Tournefortia montana | Tournefortia candollei, Tournefortia heyneana, Tournefortia boniana | Boraginaceae | Mountain Soldierbush |
| Toxicodendron hookeri | Toxicodendron insigne, Rhus hookeri, Rhus insignis | Anacardiaceae | East-Himalayan Sumac |
| Toxicodendron vernicifluum | Rhus succedanea var. himalaica, Rhus verniciflua | Anacardiaceae | Chinese Varnish Tree |
| Toxicodendron wallichii | Rhus wallichii | Anacardiaceae | Himalayan Poison Oak |
| Toxocarpus kleinii | | Apocynaceae | Indian Bowfruit Vine |
| Trachelospermum jasminoides | Nerium divaricatum, Trachelospermum divaricatum | Apocynaceae | Confederate Jasmine |
| Trachelospermum lucidum | Trachelospermum fragrans, Alstonia lucida, Echites triangularis | Apocynaceae | Shining Star Jasmine |
| Trachycarpus fortunei | Chamaerops fortunei, Trachycarpus wagnerianus, Trachycarpus caespitosus | Arecaceae | Windmill Palm |
| Trachycarpus takil | | Arecaceae | Kumaon Palm |
| Trachydium roylei | Aulacospermum roylei | Apiaceae | Camphor Parsley |
| Trachys muricata | Cenchrus muricatus, Panicum cenchroides, Cenchrus tripsaceus | Poaceae | Indian Rough-Grass |
| Trachyspermum ammi | Carum copticum, Ligusticum ajowan, Carum ajowan | Apiaceae | Ajwain |
| Trachyspermum roxburghianum | Pimpinella lateriflora, Pimpinella dalzellii, Carum roxburghianum | Apiaceae | Wild Celery |
| Tradescantia fluminensis | Tradescantia albiflora | Commelinaceae | White Spiderwort |
| Tradescantia pallida | | Commelinaceae | Purple Heart |
| Tradescantia sillamontana | | Commelinaceae | Cobweb Spiderwort |
| Tradescantia spathacea | Rhoeo spathacea | Commelinaceae | Moses in the Cradle |
| Tradescantia virginiana | Tradescantia congesta, Tradescantia speciosa, Ephemerum congestum | Commelinaceae | Virginia Spiderwort |
| Tradescantia zebrina | Cyanotis zebrina | Commelinaceae | Striped Wandering Jew |
| Tragia hispida | Tragia involucrata var. hispida | Euphorbiaceae | Bristly Climbing Nettle |
| Tragia plukenetii | Croton hastatus, Tragia cannabina var. hastata | Euphorbiaceae | Cannabis Leaf Nettle |
| Tragia sanjappae | Tragia involucrata var. angustifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Narrow-Leaf Climbing Nettle |
| Tragopogon dubius | | Asteraceae | Yellow Salsify |
| Tragopogon gracilis | Tragopogon junceum | Asteraceae | Slender Salsify |
| Tragopogon kashmirianus | | Asteraceae | Kashmir Salsify |
| Tragus mongolorum | Tragus roxburghii | Poaceae | Indian Bur Grass |
| Trapa natans | Trapa bicornis var. quadrispinosa, Trapa assamica, Trapa quadrispinosa | Lythraceae | Water Chestnut |
| Trema orientale | Trema grevei, Trema rigidum, Sponia rigida | Cannabaceae | Indian Charcoal Tree |
| Trema politoria | Celtis politoria, Sponia politoria | Cannabaceae | Rough-Leaf Charcoal Tree |
| Trevesia palmata | Gastonia palmata, Gilibertia palmata | Araliaceae | Snowflake Tree |
| Trevia nudiflora var. polycarpa | Trevia polycarpa | Euphorbiaceae | Many-Fruited Trevia |
| Triadica sebifera | Sapium sebiferum, Seborium chinense, Croton sebiferum | Euphorbiaceae | Chicken Tree |
| Trianthema portulacastrum | Trianthema monogynum, Trianthema procumbens, Portulaca axilliflora | Aizoaceae | Desert Horse Purslane |
| Trianthema triquetra | Trianthema glaucifolia, Trianthema sedifolia, Trianthema nigricans | Aizoaceae | Afro-Asian Horse-Purslane |
| Trias stocksii | | Orchidaceae | Stocks Trias |
| Tribulus terrestris | Tribulus bicornutus, Tribulus hispidus, Tribulus micans | Zygophyllaceae | Puncture Vine |
| Trichodesma inaequale | Trichodesma amplexicaule | Boraginaceae | Clasping-Leaf Borage |
| Trichodesma indicum | Borago indica, Boraginella indica, Pollichia indica | Boraginaceae | Indian Borage |
| Trichodesma zeylanicum | Borago zeylanica, Pollichia zeylanica, Borraginoides zeylanica | Boraginaceae | Camel Bush |
| Trichoglottis tenera | Trichoglottis tenera, Oeceoclades tenera | Orchidaceae | Thin Trichoglottis |
| Tricholepis amplexicaulis | | Asteraceae | Western Ghats Camel Thistle |
| Tricholepis elongata | Carduus elongatus, Centaurea alba | Asteraceae | Yellow Camel Thistle |
| Tricholepis glaberrima | | Asteraceae | Smooth Camel Thistle |
| Tricholepis radicans | Carduus punctatus, Carduus radicans, Carduus glaber | Asteraceae | Peninsular Camel Thistle |
| Tricholepis roylei | | Asteraceae | Oval-Leaf Camel Thistle |
| Tricholepis stewartii | | Asteraceae | Lanceleaf Camel Thistle |
| Trichopus zeylanicus | Trichopodium zeylanicum, Trichopodium travancoricum, Trichopus malayanus | Dioscoreaceae | Arogya Pacha |
| Trichosanthes bracteata | Trichosanthes palmata, Trichosanthes hupehensis, Modecca bracteata | Cucurbitaceae | Indrayan |
| Trichosanthes costata | Gymnopetalum chinense | Cucurbitaceae | Ribbed Orange Gourd |
| Trichosanthes cucumerina subsp. anguina | Trichosanthes anguina, Cucumis anguinus, Trichosanthes lobata | Cucurbitaceae | Snake Gourd |
| Trichosanthes cucumerina subsp. cucumerina | Trichosanthes reniformis, Trichosanthes wightiana | Cucurbitaceae | Wild Snake Gourd |
| Trichosanthes dioica | Anguina dioeca, Trichosanthes officinalis | Cucurbitaceae | Parval |
| Trichotosia dasyphylla | Eria dasyphylla, Eria evrardii, Pinalia dasyphylla | Orchidaceae | Shaggy-Leaf Eria |
| Trichotosia pulvinata | Eria pulvinata, Pinalia pulvinata, Trias pulvinata | Orchidaceae | Cushion-Lip Eria |
| Trichuriella monsoniae | Aerva monsoniae, Trichurus monsoniae, Illecebrum monsoniae | Amaranthaceae | Indo-China Knotgrass |
| Tridax procumbens | | Asteraceae | Tridax Daisy |
| Trifolium alexandrinum | Trifolium alexandrium | Fabaceae | Egyptian Clover |
| Trifolium campestre | Trifolium procumbens, Trifolium pumilum | Fabaceae | Hop Trefoil |
| Trifolium dubium | Trifolium minus, Trifolium filiforme, Trifolium luteolum | Fabaceae | Lesser Hop Trefoil |
| Trifolium fragiferum | Amoria fragifera, Trifolium neglectu, Trifolium bonannii | Fabaceae | Strawberry Clover |
| Trifolium pratense | | Fabaceae | Red Clover |
| Trifolium repens | | Fabaceae | White Clover |
| Trifolium resupinatum | Trifolium bicorne, Trifolium formosum | Fabaceae | Reversed Clover |
| Trigastrotheca pentaphylla | Mollugo pentaphylla | Molluginaceae | Five Leaved Carpetweed |
| Trigastrotheca stricta | Mollugo stricta | Molluginaceae | Erect Carpetweed |
| Triglochin maritima | Juncago maritima, Triglochin elata, Triglochin salina | Juncaginaceae | Sea Arrowgrass |
| Trigonella balansae | Trigonella corniculata, Trifolium corniculatum | Fabaceae | Cultivated Fenugreek |
| Trigonella emodi | | Fabaceae | Himalayan Fenugreek |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum | | Fabaceae | Fenugreek |
| Trigonella glabra subsp. uncata | Trigonella uncata, Telis uncata | Fabaceae | Hooked Wild Fenugreek |
| Trigonella gracilis | | Fabaceae | Slender Fenugreek |
| Trigonotis rotundifolia | Myosotis rotundifolia | Boraginaceae | Roundleaf Forget-Me-Not |
| Trillium govanianum | Trillidium govanianum | Melanthiaceae | Himalayan Trillium |
| Trimezia gracilis | Neomarica gracilis, Marica gracilis, Cypella gracilis | Iridaceae | Walking Iris |
| Trimezia steyermarkii | | Iridaceae | Yellow Walking Iris |
| Triosteum himalayanum | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Horse-Gentian |
| Triphasia trifolia | Limonia trifolia, Triphasia javanica, Limonia diacantha | Rutaceae | Lime Berry |
| Tripidium bengalense | Erianthus munja, Saccharum munja, Saccharum bengalense | Poaceae | Sarkanda |
| Tripidium ravennae | Andropogon ravennae, Saccharum ravennae, Erianthus ravennae | Poaceae | Ravenna Grass |
| Triplaris weigeltiana | Blochmannia weigeltiana, Triplaris surinamensis | Polygonaceae | Ant Tree |
| Triplopogon ramosissimus | Ischaemum ramosissimum, Sehima ramosissima, Triplopogon spathiflorus | Poaceae | Many-Branched Muraina Grass |
| Tripogon jacquemontii | | Poaceae | Indian Fiveminute Grass |
| Tripogon purpurascens | Tripogon hookerianus, Tripogon submuticus | Poaceae | Himalayan Fiveminute Grass |
| Tristellateia australasiae | | Malpighiaceae | Australian Gold Vine |
| Tritaxis glabella | Dimorphocalyx glabellus | Euphorbiaceae | Hairless Tritaxis |
| Tritaxis kurnoolensis | Dimorphocalyx kurnoolensis | Euphorbiaceae | Kurnool Tritaxis |
| Trithuria konkanensis | | Hydatellaceae | Konkan Trithuria |
| Triticum aestivum | | Poaceae | Wheat |
| Triumfetta annua | | Tiliaceae | Orange Burr-Bush |
| Triumfetta pentandra | Triumfetta cuneata, Triumfetta neglecta | Tiliaceae | Fivestamen Burrbark |
| Triumfetta pilosa | Triumfetta microphylla, Triumfetta oblonga, Triumfetta polycarpa | Tiliaceae | Hairy Burr-Bush |
| Triumfetta rhomboidea | Triumfetta mollis, Triumfetta vahlii, Triumfetta trilocularis | Tiliaceae | Burr Bush |
| Triumfetta rotundifolia | Triumfetta orbiculata, Triumfetta bilocularis | Malvaceae | Roundleaf Burr-Bush |
| Trollius acaulis | | Ranunculaceae | Dwarf Globe Flower |
| Trollius pumilus | | Ranunculaceae | Small Globe Flower |
| Tropaeolum majus | | Tropaeolaceae | Nasturtium |
| Tropidia angulosa | Tropidia calcarata, Tropidia bellii, Tropidia barbeyana | Orchidaceae | Angled Tropidia |
| Tropidia curculigoides | Tropidia assamica, Tropidia graminea, Tropidia hongkongensis | Orchidaceae | Assam Boat-Lip Orchid |
| Tsuga dumosa | Pinus dumosa, Abies dumosa, Tsuga leptophylla | Pinaceae | Himalayan Hemlock |
| Tulbaghia violacea | Omentaria violacea | Amaryllidaceae | Sweet Garlic |
| Tulipa clusiana | Tulipa stellata, Tulipa chrysantha, Tulipa stellata var. chrysantha | Liliaceae | Lady Tulip |
| Tulipa gesneriana | Tulipa elegans, Tulipa fulgens, Tulipa bicolor, Tulipa viridiflora | Liliaceae | Tulip |
| Tulipa lanata | | Liliaceae | Woolly Red Tulip |
| Tulipa lehmanniana | Tulipa behmiana, Tulipa zenaidae | Liliaceae | Lehmann Tulip |
| Tupistra stoliczana | Tupistra veratrifolia, Tupistra ashihoi, | Asparagaceae | East-Himalayan Tupistra |
| Turnera subulata | | Passifloraceae | White Alder |
| Turnera ulmifolia | | Passifloraceae | Yellow Alder |
| Turraea pubescens | Turraea virens, Turraea villosa Benn. | Meliaceae | Asian Honeysuckle Tree |
| Turritis glabra | Arabis glabra, Arabis turritis, Arabis excelsa | Brassicaceae | Tower Mustard |
| Tussilago farfara | | Asteraceae | Colt's Foot |
| Typha domingensis | Typha angustata, Typha bracteata, Typha angustifolia var. angustata | Typhaceae | Lesser Indian Reedmace |
| Typha latifolia | Typha major, Typha elatior, Typha ambigua | Typhaceae | Broadleaf Reedmace |
| Typhonium roxburghii | | Araceae | Dwarf Voodoo Lily |
| Typhonium trilobatum | Arum trilobatum, Arum orixense | Araceae | Bengal Arum |
| Ulex europaeus | | Fabaceae | Common Gorse |
| Ulmus villosa | Ulmus laevigata | Ulmaceae | Cherry-Bark Elm |
| Uncaria laevigata | Uncaria dasycarpa, Nauclea laevigata, Uruparia laevigata | Rubiaceae | Smooth Uncaria |
| Uncarina grandidieri | | Pedaliaceae | Mouse Trap Tree |
| Uncifera obtusifolia | Uncifera heteroglossa, Saccolabium obtusifolium, Gastrochilus obtusifolius | Orchidaceae | Blunt-Leaf Uncifera |
| Uraria lagopodoides | Uraria lagopodioides, Hedysarum lagopodioides, Doodia lagopodioides | Fabaceae | Hare Foot Uraria |
| Uraria lagopus var. neglecta | Uraria neglecta, Uraria fujianensis | Fabaceae | Neglected Uraria |
| Uraria picta | Hedysarum pictum | Fabaceae | Painted Uraria |
| Uraria rufescens | Desmodium rufescens, Uraria paniculata, Doodia hamosa, Uraria hamosa | Fabaceae | Rufous Uraria |
| Urceolina x grandiflora | Eucharis × grandiflora, Eucharis × mastersii, Urceolina × mastersii | Amaryllidaceae | Amazon Lily |
| Urena lobata subsp. lobata | Urena chinensis, Urena cana, Urena virgata | Malvaceae | Caesarweed |
| Urena lobata subsp. sinuata | Urena sinuata, Urena lobata var. sinuata | Malvaceae | Burr Mallow |
| Urochloa deflexa | Brachiaria deflexa, Brachiaria regularis, Panicum deflexum, Panicum regulare | Poaceae | Deflexed Signalgrass |
| Urochloa distachya | Brachiaria distachya, Brachiaria miliiformis, Panicum distachyon | Poaceae | Signal Grass |
| Urochloa ramosa | Brachiaria ramosa Stapf, Panicum ramosum, Panicum arvense | Poaceae | Browntop Millet |
| Urochloa reptans | Brachiaria reptans, Echinochloa reptans, Panicum reptans | Poaceae | Creeping Signal Grass |
| Urochondra setulosa | Crypsis setulosa, Heleochloa setulosa, Sporobolus setulosus | Poaceae | Creek Rat-Tail Grass |
| Urtica angustifolia | Urtica dioica subsp. angustifolia, Urtica foliosa | Urticaceae | East-Asian Nettle |
| Urtica dioica | | Urticaceae | Stinging Nettle |
| Urtica himalayensis | Urtica zayuensis | Urticaceae | Himalayan Nettle |
| Urtica hyperborea | Urtica kunlunshanica | Urticaceae | Northern Nettle |
| Urtica parviflora | Urtica ardens, Urtica virulenta | Urticaceae | Smallflower Nettle |
| Utricularia albocaerulea | | Lentibulariaceae | White-Blue Bladderwort |
| Utricularia aurea | | Lentibulariaceae | Golden Bladderwort |
| Utricularia australis | Utricularia neglecta, Utricularia dubia, Utricularia japonica | Lentibulariaceae | Yellow Bladderwort |
| Utricularia babui | | Lentibulariaceae | Babu Bladderwort |
| Utricularia bifida | Utricularia biflora, Utricularia wallichiana, Utricularia humilis | Lentibulariaceae | Two-Flower Bladderwort |
| Utricularia brachiata | | Lentibulariaceae | East-Himalayan Bladderwort |
| Utricularia caerulea | Utricularia capillaris, Utricularia nivea, Utricularia rosea | Lentibulariaceae | Blue Bladderwort |
| Utricularia gibba | Utricularia exoleta, Utricularia gibba subsp. exoleta, Utricularia biflora | Lentibulariaceae | Creeping Bladderwort |
| Utricularia graminifolia | Utricularia purpurascens, Utricularia uliginoides, Utricularia parviflora | Lentibulariaceae | Grass Leaved Bladderwort |
| Utricularia hirta | Utricularia setacea, Utricularia tayloriana | Lentibulariaceae | Hairy Bladderwort |
| Utricularia lazulina | | Lentibulariaceae | Lazuli Bladderwort |
| Utricularia malabarica | | Lentibulariaceae | Malabar Bladderwort |
| Utricularia minutissima | Utricularia lilliput, Utricularia pygmaea, Utricularia nigricaulis | Lentibulariaceae | Minute Bladderwort |
| Utricularia polygaloides | Utricularia caerulea var. stricticaulis, Utricularia stricticaulis | Lentibulariaceae | Milkwort Bladderwort |
| Utricularia praeterita | | Lentibulariaceae | Tiny Bladderwort |
| Utricularia reticulata | | Lentibulariaceae | Net Veined Bladderwort |
| Utricularia scandens | Utricularia capillacea, Utricularia wallichii, Utricularia volubilis | Lentibulariaceae | Climbing Bladderwort |
| Utricularia stellaris | Utricularia macrocarpa, Utricularia trichoschiza, Hamulia flava | Lentibulariaceae | Star Bladderwort |
| Utricularia striatula | Utricularia orbiculata, Utricularia rosulata, Utricularia glochidiata | Lentibulariaceae | Striped Bladderwort |
| Utricularia uliginosa | Utricularia affinis, Utricularia cyanea, Utricularia macrophylla | Lentibulariaceae | Bog Bladderwort |
| Uvaria hamiltonii | | Annonaceae | Eastern Uvaria |
| Uvaria narum | | Annonaceae | South-Indian Uvaria |
| Vaccaria hispanica | Vaccaria pyramidata, Saponaria vaccaria | Caryophyllaceae | Cow Cockle |
| Vaccinium corymbosum | Vaccinium vicinum, Vaccinium holophyllum, Vaccinium elongatum | Ericaceae | High-Bush Blueberry |
| Vaccinium exaristatum | Vaccinium apricum, Vaccinium garrettii, Vaccinium winitii | Ericaceae | Chinese Cranberry |
| Vaccinium griffithianum | Thibaudia camelifolia, Vaccinium eberhardtii | Ericaceae | East-Himalayan Blueberry |
| Vaccinium retusum | Thibaudia retusa | Ericaceae | Blunt-Leaf Cranberry |
| Vaccinium symplocifolium | Vaccinium leschenaultii, Agapetes arborea, Agapetes symplocifolia | Ericaceae | Indian Cranberry |
| Vaccinium vacciniaceum | Vaccinium serratum, Agapetes serrata | Ericaceae | Tibetan Blueberry |
| Vachellia eburnea | Acacia eburnea, Acacia roxburghii, Mimosa eburnea | Mimosaceae | Indian Cockspur Thorn |
| Vachellia farnesiana | Acacia acicularis, Acacia farnesiana, Mimosa farnesiana | Mimosaceae | Mimosa Bush |
| Vachellia horrida subsp. horrida | Acacia latronum, Mimosa latronum, Acacia dumosa | Mimosaceae | Robber Thorn |
| Vachellia leucophloea | Mimosa leucophloea, Acacia leucophloea | Mimosaceae | White Bark Acacia |
| Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica | Acacia nilotica subsp. indica, Acacia arabica var. indica | Mimosaceae | Babool |
| Vachellia nilotica subsp. tomentosa | Acacia arabica, Acacia arabica var. tomentosa | Mimosaceae | Tomentose Babool |
| Vachellia planifrons | Acacia planifrons, Acacia roxburghii auct. non Wight & Arn. | Mimosaceae | Umbrella Thorn |
| Vachellia tortilis | Acacia tortilis, Mimosa tortilis | Mimosaceae | Israeli Babool |
| Vahlia digyna | Bistella digyna, Vahlia viscosa, Cyrilla viscosa | Vahliaceae | Sticky Vahlia |
| Valeriana hardwickei | Valeriana hardwickeana, Valeriana hardwickii, Valeriana elata | Caprifoliaceae | Indian Valerian |
| Valeriana himalayana | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Valerian |
| Valeriana jatamansi | Valeriana wallichii, Valeriana harmsii, Valeriana mairei | Caprifoliaceae | Jatamansi |
| Valeriana pyrolifolia | Valeriana pyrolaefolia | Caprifoliaceae | Kashmir Valerian |
| Vallaris solanacea | Peltanthera solanacea, Vallaris heynei | Apocynaceae | Bread Flower |
| Vallisneria spiralis | Vallisneria numidica, Vallisneria aethiopica, Vallisneria pusilla | Hydrocharitaceae | Eel Grass |
| Vanda ampullacea | Ascocentrum ampullaceum | Orchidaceae | Flask-Shaped Vanda |
| Vanda bicolor | Vanda stangeana | Orchidaceae | Bicolor Vanda |
| Vanda coerulea | | Orchidaceae | Blue Vanda |
| Vanda coerulescens | Vanda caerulescens, Vanda confusa | Orchidaceae | Sky Blue Vanda |
| Vanda cristata | Trudelia cristata, Aerides cristatum, Luisia striata | Orchidaceae | Comb Vanda |
| Vanda griffithii | Luisia griffithii, Trudelia griffithii | Orchidaceae | East-Himalayan Vanda |
| Vanda karinae | Ascocentrum ampullaceum var. aurantiacum | Orchidaceae | Manipur Orange Vanda |
| Vanda motesiana | Vanda stangeana auct. non Rchb.f. | Orchidaceae | Ridged-Lip Vanda |
| Vanda spathulata | Epidendrum spathulatum, Taprobanea spathulata, Aerides maculata | Orchidaceae | Spoon-Leaf Vanda |
| Vanda tessellata | Epidendrum tessellatum, Vanda roxburghii, Cymbidium tessellatum | Orchidaceae | Checkered Vanda |
| Vanda testacea | Vanda parviflora, Aerides testacea, Vanda vitellina | Orchidaceae | Small Flowered Vanda |
| Vanda thwaitesii | | Orchidaceae | Thwaites Vanda |
| Vanda tricolor | Vanda suaveolens | Orchidaceae | Tricolor Vanda |
| Vandellia diffusa | Lindernia diffusa, Riedelia officinalis, Pyxidaria diffusa | Linderniaceae | Spreading Lindernia |
| Vandellia viscosa | Gratiola viscosa, Hornemannia viscosa, Lindernia cruciformis, Lindernia viscosa | Linderniaceae | Sticky Lindernia |
| Vandopsis undulata | Stauropsis undulatus, Stauropsis polyantha, Vanda undulata | Orchidaceae | Wavy-Petal Vandopsis |
| Vangueria madagascariensis | Vangueria edulis, Vangueria acutiloba | Rubiaceae | Spanish Tamarind |
| Vanilla borneensis | Vanilla pilifera | Orchidaceae | East-Indian Vanilla |
| Vanilla planifolia | | Orchidaceae | Vanilla Creeper |
| Vanilla walkeriae | Vanilla walkerae | Orchidaceae | Indian Vanilla Creeper |
| Vateria indica | | Dipterocarpaceae | White Damar |
| Vatica chinensis | Vateria roxburghiana, Vatica sinensis, Vatica roxburghiana | Dipterocarpaceae | South-Indian Vatica |
| Vatica lanceifolia | Vateria lanceifolia Roxburgh, Vatica lanceaefolia Bl. | Dipterocarpaceae | Lanceleaf Vatica |
| Ventilago denticulata | Ventilago macrantha, Ventilago smithiana, Ventilago sulphurea | Rhamnaceae | Toothed-Leaf Red Creeper |
| Ventilago madraspatana | | Rhamnaceae | Red Creeper |
| Vepris bilocularis | Crantzia bilocularis, Dipetalum biloculare, Toddalia bilocularis | Rutaceae | Nilgiri White Ironwood |
| Verbascum chinense | Celsia chinensis, Scrophularia chinensis, Verbascum coromandelianum | Scrophulariaceae | Chinese Mullein |
| Verbascum thapsus | | Scrophulariaceae | Great Mullein |
| Verbena aristigera | Verbena tenuisecta, Glandularia aristigera, Glandularia tenuisecta | Verbenaceae | Moss Verbena |
| Verbena bonariensis | Verbena intercedens, Verbena inamoena | Verbenaceae | Purpletop Vervain |
| Verbena × hybrida | | Verbenaceae | Verbena |
| Verbena officinalis | | Verbenaceae | Vervain |
| Verbena rigida | Verbena venosa, Verbena doniana | Verbenaceae | Slender Vervain |
| Verbesina encelioides | | Asteraceae | Golden Crownbeard |
| Vernicia fordii | Aleurites fordii | Euphorbiaceae | Tung Tree |
| Vernonia amygdalina | Vernonia randii, Vernonia giorgii, Vernonia vogeliana, Vernonia weisseana | Asteraceae | Bitter Leaf |
| Vernonia divergens | | Asteraceae | Bandar |
| Vernonia parryae | | Asteraceae | Mizoram Vernonia |
| Veronica arvensis | Veronica bellardii, Veronica hirsuta, Veronica micrantha | Plantaginaceae | Corn Speedwell |
| Veronica beccabunga | Veronica beccabunga subsp. muscosa Jelen. | Plantaginaceae | Brooklime |
| Veronica biloba | Veronica chantavica, Pocilla biloba, Veronica nevskii | Plantaginaceae | Twolobe Speedwell |
| Veronica cana | Veronica glabrior, Veronica scrophularioides | Plantaginaceae | Hoary Speedwell |
| Veronica capitata | | Plantaginaceae | Flowerhead Speedwell |
| Veronica chamaedrys | Veronica dubia, Veronica petiolata , Veronica pulchella | Plantaginaceae | Germander Speedwell |
| Veronica javanica | Veronica murorum, Veronica chamaedryoides | Plantaginaceae | Java Speedwell |
| Veronica lanosa | Veronica rupestris | Plantaginaceae | Woolly Speedwell |
| Veronica laxa | | Plantaginaceae | Lax Speedwell |
| Veronica persica | | Plantaginaceae | Persian Speedwell |
| Veronica polita | Veronica didyma | Plantaginaceae | Grey Field-Speedwell |
| Veronica serpyllifolia var. humifusa | Veronica humifusa, Veronica serpyllifolia subsp. humifusa | Plantaginaceae | Sprawling Speedwell |
| Veronica serpyllifolia var. serpyllifolia | Veronica alpestris, Veronica integerrima, Veronica rotundifolia | Plantaginaceae | Thyme Speedwell |
| Veronica spicata | Pseudolysimachion spicatum, Veronica hybrida, Veronica porphyriana | Plantaginaceae | Spiked Speedwell |
| Veronica undulata | Veronica anagallis-aquatica subsp. undulata | Plantaginaceae | Wavy-Leaf Speedwell |
| Viburnum cotinifolium | | Viburnaceae | Himalayan Wayfaring Tree |
| Viburnum cylindricum | Viburnum coriaceum, Viburnum capitellatum, Viburnum crassifolium | Viburnaceae | Cylindrical Viburnum |
| Viburnum erubescens | | Viburnaceae | Reddish Viburnum |
| Viburnum foetidum | Viburnum premnaceum, Viburnum foetidum var. foetidum | Viburnaceae | Stinking Viburnum |
| Viburnum grandiflorum | Viburnum foetens, Solenotinus nervosus | Viburnaceae | Grand Viburnum |
| Viburnum mullaha | Viburnum stellulatum, Viburnum involucratum | Viburnaceae | Starry Viburnum |
| Viburnum nervosum | Solenotinus nervosus, Viburnum nervosum var. hypsophilum | Viburnaceae | Veined-Leaf Viburnum |
| Viburnum opulus | | Viburnaceae | Snowball Tree |
| Viburnum punctatum | Viburnum punctatum var. punctatum, Viburnum acuminatum | Viburnaceae | Dotted Viburnum |
| Viburnum tinus | Viburnum latifolium, Viburnum lucidum, Viburnum laurifolium | Viburnaceae | Laurustine |
| Vicatia coniifolia | Vicatia stewartii, Vicatia millefolia | Apiaceae | Cone-Leaf Vicatia |
| Vicia bakeri | Vicia sylvatica Benth., Vicia longidentata | Fabaceae | Himalayan Wood Vetch |
| Vicia bithynica | Ervum bithynicum, Lathyrus bithynicus | Fabaceae | Bithynian Vetch |
| Vicia faba | | Fabaceae | Broad Bean |
| Vicia hirsuta | Vicia parviflora, Vicia coreana, Vicia taquetii | Fabaceae | Tiny Vetch |
| Vicia sativa subsp. nigra | Vicia sativa var. nigra, Vicia angustifolia, Vicia pilosa | Fabaceae | Black-Pod Vetch |
| Vicia sativa subsp. sativa | Vicia obcordata, Vicia communis, Vicia bacla, Vicia nemoralis | Fabaceae | Common Vetch |
| Vicia sepium | | Fabaceae | Bush Vetch |
| Vicia tenera | | Fabaceae | Delicate Himalayan Vetch |
| Vicia tetrasperma | Vicia gemella, Ervum tetraspermum | Fabaceae | Lentil Vetch |
| Vicoa cernua | Inula cernua, Inula dalzellii, Pentanema cernuum | Asteraceae | Sonsari |
| Vicoa gokhalei | | Asteraceae | Large Golden Daisy |
| Vicoa indica | Pentanema indicum, Inula indica, Jacobaea indica | Asteraceae | Golden Daisy |
| Victoria amazonica | | Nymphaeaceae | Giant Water Lily |
| Vigna aconitifolia | Phaseolus palmatus, Phaseolus aconitifolius, Dolichos dissectus | Fabaceae | Moth Bean |
| Vigna indica | Vigna trilobata var. pusilla | Fabaceae | Indian Bean |
| Vigna khandalensis | Phaseolus khandalensis, Vigna grandis, Phaseolus grandis | Fabaceae | Khandala Wild Pea |
| Vigna marina | Phaseolus marinus, Dolichos luteus, Vigna lutea | Fabaceae | Beach Pea |
| Vigna mungo | Azukia mungo, Phaseolus mungo, Phaseolus viridissimus | Fabaceae | Urad |
| Vigna radiata | Phaseolus aureus, | Fabaceae | Moong Bean |
| Vigna radiata var. sublobata | Phaseolus sublobatus, Phaseolus trinervis, Vigna sublobata | Fabaceae | Wild Moong |
| Vigna stipulacea | Dolichos stipulaceus | Fabaceae | Large-Stipule Wild Gram |
| Vigna umbellata | Phaseolus calcaratus, Vigna calcarata, Dolichos umbellatus | Fabaceae | Rice Bean |
| Vigna unguiculata | | Fabaceae | Blackeyed Bean |
| Vigna vexillata | | Fabaceae | Zombi Pea |
| Vigna vexillata var. angustifolia | Vigna angustifolia, Plectrotropis angustifolia, Vigna vexillata var. linearis | Fabaceae | Narrow-Leaved Zombi Pea |
| Vinca major | | Apocynaceae | Large Leaf Periwinkle |
| Vinca minor | | Apocynaceae | Lesser Periwinkle |
| Vincetoxicum auriculatum | Cynanchum auriculatum, Endotropis auriculata | Apocynaceae | Heart-Leaf Swallow-Wort |
| Vincetoxicum bracteatum | Tylophora pauciflora, Cynanchum bracteatum, Tylophora parviflora | Apocynaceae | Few-Flowered Swallow-Wort |
| Vincetoxicum dalzellii | Tylophora dalzellii, Tylophora carnosa | Apocynaceae | Fleshy Ipecac |
| Vincetoxicum fasciculatum | Tylophora fasciculata, Pentasachme fasciculatum | Apocynaceae | Brown-Flowered Ipecac |
| Vincetoxicum govanii | Iphisia govanii, Tylophora govanii | Apocynaceae | Long-Petal Swallow-Wort |
| Vincetoxicum hirsutum | Tylophora hirsuta, Tylophora hispida, Tylophora ovata | Apocynaceae | Hairy Ipecac |
| Vincetoxicum indicum | Tylophora indica, Cynanchum indicum | Apocynaceae | Indian Ipecac |
| Vincetoxicum kenouriense | Cynanchum kenouriense | Apocynaceae | Himalayan Swallow-Wort |
| Vincetoxicum rotundifolium | Tylophora rotundifolia, Tylophora trichophylla | Apocynaceae | Roundleaf Ipecac |
| Vincetoxicum subramanii | Tylophora subramanii | Apocynaceae | Broad-Petal Ipecac |
| Vincetoxicum tenerrimum | Tylophora tenerrima, Homostyles tenerrima | Apocynaceae | Tender Himalayan Ipecac |
| Viola betonicifolia | | Violaceae | Arrowhead Violet |
| Viola biflora | | Violaceae | Yellow Wood Violet |
| Viola canescens | Viola serpens var. canescens | Violaceae | Himalayan White Violet |
| Viola cinerea var. stocksii | Viola stocksii, Viola somalensis, Viola nubica, Viola etbaica | Violaceae | Stocks Violet |
| Viola diffusa | Viola tenuis, Viola parkeri, Viola kiusiana | Violaceae | Spreading White Violet |
| Viola falconeri | | Violaceae | Kashmir Violet |
| Viola hamiltoniana | Viola alata, Viola lunata, Viola repens, Viola metziana, Viola notoniana | Violaceae | Stemless Pink Violet |
| Viola inconspicua | Viola confusa, Viola minor, Viola minor var. albescens | Violaceae | Modest Violet |
| Viola indica | | Violaceae | Indian Violet |
| Viola kunawurensis | Viola thianschanica | Violaceae | Kinnaur Violet |
| Viola odorata | Viola hortensis, Viola odora, Viola officinalis, Viola perennis | Violaceae | Sweet Violet |
| Viola philippica | Viola patrinii var. chinensis, Viola alisoviana | Violaceae | Chinese Violet |
| Viola pilosa | Viola serpens Wall., Viola pogonantha | Violaceae | Smooth-Leaf White Violet |
| Viola spp. | | Violaceae | Violet |
| Viola suavis subsp. naqshii | | Violaceae | Purple-Spur Violet |
| Viola tricolor | Jacea tricolor, Viola luteola, Viola nemausensis | Violaceae | Heart's Ease |
| Viola wallichiana | Viola reniformis | Violaceae | Trailing Violet |
| Viola x wittrockiana | | Violaceae | Pansy |
| Viscum album | Viscum album var. album | Santalaceae | Common Mistletoe |
| Viscum angulatum | Aspidixia angulata | Santalaceae | Angled Leafless Mistletoe |
| Viscum articulatum | Viscum nepalense | Santalaceae | Leafless Mistletoe |
| Viscum orientale | Viscum montanum, Viscum roxburghianum, Viscum pamattonis | Santalaceae | Oriental Mistletoe |
| Vitex agnus-castus | Agnus-castus vulgaris, Vitex agnus, Vitex integra, Vitex lupinifolia | Verbenaceae | Chasteberry |
| Vitex altissima | | Verbenaceae | Peacock Chaste Tree |
| Vitex leucoxylon | Wallrothia leucoxylon | Verbenaceae | White-Wood Chaste Tree |
| Vitex negundo | | Verbenaceae | Chaste Tree |
| Vitex quinata | Vitex loureiroi, Vitex sumatrana, Vitex undulata | Verbenaceae | Five-Leaf Chaste Tree |
| Vitex trifolia | | Verbenaceae | Three-Leaved Chaste Tree |
| Vitis flexuosa | Vitis parvifolia, Vitis cinerea, Vitis truncata, Vitis wallichii | Vitaceae | Oriental Grape |
| Vitis vinifera | Cissus vinifera | Vitaceae | Grape Vine |
| Voacanga africana | Voacanga glabra, Voacanga lemosii, Voacanga spectabilis | Apocynaceae | Small-Fruit Wild Frangipani |
| Volkameria aculeata | Clerodendrum aculeatum, Clerodendrum ternifolium, Clerodendrum linifolia | Verbenaceae | Prickly Glorybower |
| Volkameria glabra | Clerodendrum glabrum, Clerodendrum capense | Verbenaceae | Natal Glorybower |
| Volkameria inermis | Clerodendrum inerme, Clerodendrum ovalifolium | Verbenaceae | Glory Bower |
| Vriesea splendens | | Bromeliaceae | Flaming Sword |
| Vriesea 'Tiffany' | | Bromeliaceae | Vriesea Tiffany |
| Wahlenbergia erecta | Dentella erecta, Cephalostigma erectum, Lightfootia arenaria | Campanulaceae | Erect Dentella |
| Wahlenbergia flexuosa | Cephalostigma flexuosum | Campanulaceae | Yellow Floppy Bellflower |
| Wahlenbergia marginata | Campanula agrestis, Campanula indica, Campanula marginata | Campanulaceae | Asiatic Bellflower |
| Wajira grahamiana | Vigna grahamiana, Phaseolus grahamianus, Phaseolus stenocarpus | Fabaceae | Narrow-Pod Wild Pea |
| Wallisia lindeniana | Tillandsia umbellata, Tillandsia lindeniana, Vriesea lindenii | Bromeliaceae | Blue-Flowered Torch |
| Walsura trifoliolata | Heynea trifolia, Walsura trifolia | Meliaceae | Three-Leaf Walsura |
| Waltheria indica | Waltheria americana, Waltheria pyrolaefolia | Malvaceae | Sleepy Morning |
| Washingtonia filifera | | Arecaceae | California Fan Palm |
| Watsonia borbonica | Lomenia borbonica | Iridaceae | Pink Bugle Lily |
| Weigela hortensis | | Caprifoliaceae | Garden Weigela |
| Wendlandia budleioides | Wendlandia grandis, Wendlandia tinctoria var. grandis | Rubiaceae | Grand Wendlandia |
| Wendlandia glabrata | Wendlandia sumatrana | Rubiaceae | Smooth Wendlandia |
| Wendlandia heynei | Rondeletia heynei, Rondeletia exserta, Wendlandia exserta | Rubiaceae | Long-Stamen Wendlandia |
| Wendlandia thyrsoidea | Canthium thyrsoideum, Wendlandia notoniana, Cupia thyrsoidea, Wendlandia montana | Rubiaceae | Mountain Wendlandia |
| Whitfieldia elongata | Ruellia elongata, Ruellia longiflora, Whitfieldia longiflora | Acanthaceae | White Candles |
| Whytockia arunachalensis | | Gesneriaceae | Arunachal Whytockia |
| Wiesneria triandra | Sagittaria triandra | Alismataceae | Indian Paddy-Grass |
| Wigandia urens | Hydrolea urens | Boraginaceae | Stinging Wigandia |
| Wightia speciosissima | Gmelina speciosissima, Wightia alpinii, Wightia elliptica, Wightia gigantea | Paulowniaceae | Wightia Tree |
| Wikstroemia canescens | Daphne canescens, Daphne sericea, Diplomorpha canescens | Thymelaeaceae | Himalayan Tie Bush |
| Wissadula contracta | Wissadula leschenaultiana, Sida contracta, Abutilon leucanthemum | Malvaceae | Contracted Velvet-Leaf |
| Wisteria frutescens | Wisteria macrostachya, Wisteria frutescens var. macrostachya | Fabaceae | American Wisteria |
| Wisteria sinensis | | Fabaceae | Chinese Wisteria |
| Withania somnifera | | Solanaceae | Ashwagandha |
| Wodyetia bifurcata | | Arecaceae | Foxtail Palm |
| Wolffia microscopica | Grantia microscopica | Araceae | Indian Duckweed |
| Wollastonia biflora | Wedelia biflora, Melanthera biflora | Asteraceae | Sea Daisy |
| Woodfordia fruticosa | Woodfordia floribunda | Lythraceae | Fire Flame Bush |
| Wrightia antidysenterica | Nerium antidysentericum, Nerium zeylanicum, Wrightia zeylanica | Apocynaceae | Arctic Snow |
| Wrightia arborea | Periploca arborea, Wrightia tomentosa | Apocynaceae | Woolly Dyeing Rosebay |
| Wrightia coccinea | Nerium coccineum | Apocynaceae | Scarlet Wrightia |
| Wrightia religiosa | Echites religiosus | Apocynaceae | Water Jasmine |
| Wrightia tinctoria | | Apocynaceae | Sweet Indrajao |
| Wulfeniopsis amherstiana | Wulfenia amherstiana | Plantaginaceae | Himalayan Wulfenia |
| Xanthium spinosum | Acanthoxanthium spinosum, Xanthium catharticum | Asteraceae | Spiny Cocklebur |
| Xanthium strumarium | Xanthium indicum | Asteraceae | Common Cocklebur |
| Xanthophyllum flavescens | Xanthophyllum affine, Xanthophyllum siamense | Polygalaceae | Siamese Yellowleaf |
| Xanthosoma sagittifolium | Arum sagittifolium, Caladium sagittifolium, Alocasia talihan | Araceae | Arrowleaf Elephant Ear |
| Xanthosoma violaceum | | Araceae | Purplestem Taro |
| Xanthostemon chrysanthus | Metrosideros chrysantha, Nania chrysantha | Myrtaceae | Golden Penda |
| Xanthostemon youngii | | Myrtaceae | Crimson Penda |
| Xantolis tomentosa | Achras elengioides, Planchonella dongnaiensis, Sapota elengioides | Sapotaceae | Hairy Xantolis |
| x Brassidium | | Orchidaceae | Brassidium Orchid |
| Xenostegia tridentata subsp. tridentata | Merremia tridentata, Evolvulus tridentatus | Convolvulaceae | Arrow-leaf Morning Glory |
| Xerochrysum bracteatum | Bracteantha bracteata, Helichrysum bracteatum Andrews | Asteraceae | Paper Daisy |
| Ximenia americana | Ximenia montana, Ximenia elliptica, Ximenia aculeata | Olacaceae | Hog Plum |
| Xiphidium caeruleum | Xiphidium floribundum var. caeruleum, Ixia xiphidium | Haemodoraceae | Caribbean Swordleaf |
| Xylia xylocarpa | Mimosa xylocarpa, Xylia dolabriformis | Mimosaceae | Burma Ironwood |
| Xylocarpus granatum | Xylocarpus obovatus | Meliaceae | Cannonball Mangrove |
| Xylosma longifolia | | Salicaceae | Longleaf Logwood |
| Xyris capensis | Xyris nilagiriensis | Xyridaceae | Cape Yellow-Eyed Grass |
| Yamazakia pusilla | Lindernia pusilla, Lindernia hirta, Vandellia pusilla | Linderniaceae | Tiny Slitwort |
| Youngia japonica | Lactuca japonica, Prenanthes japonica, Chondrilla japonica | Asteraceae | Oriental Hawkweed |
| Yucca aloifolia | | Asparagaceae | Spanish Dagger |
| Yushania anceps | Arundinaria anceps, Sinarundinaria anceps, Yushania jaunsarensis | Poaceae | Indian Fountain Bamboo |
| Yushania maling | Arundinaria maling, Fargesia maling, Sinarundinaria maling | Poaceae | East Himalayan Bamboo |
| Zaleya decandra | Trianthema decandra, Zaleija decandra | Aizoaceae | Many Stamen Horse Purslane |
| Zaleya pentandra | Zaleya sennii, Rocama arabica, Trianthema pentandrum | Aizoaceae | Five-Stamen Horse Purslane |
| Zamia fischeri | Palmifolium fischeri | Zamiaceae | Thin-Leaf Zamia |
| Zamia furfuracea | | Zamiaceae | Cardboard Palm |
| Zantedeschia aethiopica | Calla aethiopica, Richardia africana, Richardia aethiopica, Colocasia aethiopica | Araceae | Calla Lily |
| Zantedeschia albomaculata | Richardia albomaculata, Zantedeschia melanoleuca | Araceae | Spotted Calla Lily |
| Zantedeschia elliottiana | Calla elliottiana, Richardia elliottiana | Araceae | Golden Calla Lily |
| Zantedeschia rehmannii | Richardia rehmannii, Richardia lehmannii, Zantedeschia stehmannii | Araceae | Pink Calla Lily |
| Zanthoxylum acanthopodium | Fagara acanthopodium, Zanthoxylum alatum, Zanthoxylum timbor | Rutaceae | Andaliman Pepper |
| Zanthoxylum armatum | Zanthoxylum alatum | Rutaceae | Winged Prickly Ash |
| Zanthoxylum asiaticum | Toddalia nitida, Toddalia aculeata, Toddalia asiatica | Rutaceae | Orange Climber |
| Zanthoxylum khasianum | Fagara khasyana, Zanthoxylum yunnanense | Rutaceae | Khasi Yellow-Wood |
| Zanthoxylum ovalifolium | Zanthoxylum ovalifolium var. ovalifolium | Rutaceae | Thorny Yellow-Wood |
| Zanthoxylum rhetsa | Fagara rhetsa | Rutaceae | Indian Prickly Ash |
| Zea mays | | Poaceae | Corn |
| Zehneria bodinieri | Melothria bodinieri, Pilogyne bodinieri | Cucurbitaceae | Asian Zehneria |
| Zehneria scabra | Bryonia cordata, Zehneria cordata, Zehneria suavis | Cucurbitaceae | Lobed-Leaf Zehneria |
| Zehneria thwaitesii | Zehneria tridactyla, Melothria zeylanica, Cucumella thwaitesii | Cucurbitaceae | Thwaites Zehneria |
| Zephyranthes candida | Amaryllis candida, Amaryllis nivea, Zephyranthes nivea | Amaryllidaceae | White Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes carinata | Zephyranthes tsouii, Amaryllis carinata, Hippeastrum carinatum | Amaryllidaceae | Pink Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes citrina | Zephyranthes sulphurea | Amaryllidaceae | Yellow Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes drummondii | Cooperia pedunculata, Sceptranthes drummondii | Amaryllidaceae | Evening Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes mesochloa | Amaryllis mesochloa, Zephyranthes oxitepala, Mesochloa canaliculata | Amaryllidaceae | Mid-Grass Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes minuta | Zephyranthes grandiflora , Amaryllis minuta, Zephyranthes lilacina | Amaryllidaceae | Large Anther Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes primulina | | Amaryllidaceae | Primrose Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes rosea | Amaryllis rosea, Zephyranthes carnea, Hippeastrum carneum | Amaryllidaceae | Rosy Rain Lily |
| Zeuxine affinis | Zeuxine grandis, Zeuxine seidenfadenii | Orchidaceae | Grand Lawn Orchid |
| Zeuxine agyokuana | Hetaeria agyokuana, Zeuxine bidupensis, Zeuxine pantlingii | Orchidaceae | Agyoku Lawn Orchid |
| Zeuxine andamanica | | Orchidaceae | Andaman Jewel Orchid |
| Zeuxine chowdheryi | | Orchidaceae | Rounded-Lip Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine flava | Zeuxine aurantiaca | Orchidaceae | Yellow Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine goodyeroides | Monochilus galeatus, Monochilus goodyeroides | Orchidaceae | Goodyera Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine gracilis | Monochilus gracilis, Adenostylis gracilis, Psychechilos gracilis | Orchidaceae | Graceful Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine lindleyana | | Orchidaceae | Entire-Lip Lawn Orchid |
| Zeuxine longilabris | Monochilus longilabris, Monochilus affinis, Haplochilus longilabris | Orchidaceae | Long-Lipped Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine nervosa | Haplochilus nervosus, Heterozeuxine nervosa, Monochilus nervosus | Orchidaceae | Nerved Lawn Orchid |
| Zeuxine reflexa | | Orchidaceae | Curled-Lip Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine rolfeana | | Orchidaceae | Andaman Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine strateumatica | Orchis strateumatica, Zeuxine sulcata, Adenostylis strateumatica | Orchidaceae | Lawn Orchid |
| Zingiber anamalayanum | | Zingiberaceae | Anamalai Ginger |
| Zingiber capitatum | | Zingiberaceae | Wild Ginger |
| Zingiber cernuum | | Zingiberaceae | Curved-Stem Ginger |
| Zingiber kangleipakense | | Zingiberaceae | Kangleipak Ginger |
| Zingiber mizoramensis | | Zingiberaceae | Mizoram Ginger |
| Zingiber neesanum | Alpinia neesana, Zingiber diwakarianum | Zingiberaceae | Neesam Ginger |
| Zingiber neotruncatum var. ramsawmii | | Zingiberaceae | Red Narrow-Pinecone Ginger |
| Zingiber officinale | | Zingiberaceae | Ginger |
| Zingiber ottensii | | Zingiberaceae | Malaysian Ginger |
| Zingiber purpureum | Zingiber cassumunar, Zingiber montanum auct. non Theilade | Zingiberaceae | Cassumunar Ginger |
| Zingiber roseum | Amomum roseum | Zingiberaceae | Rosy Ginger |
| Zingiber rubens | | Zingiberaceae | Bengal Ginger |
| Zingiber spectabile | | Zingiberaceae | Beehive Ginger |
| Zingiber zerumbet | Amomum zerumbet, Zerumbet zingiber, Amomum silvestre | Zingiberaceae | Shampoo Ginger |
| Zinnia angustifolia | Crassina angustifolia | Asteraceae | Narrow-Leaf Zinnia |
| Zinnia elegans | | Asteraceae | Zinnia |
| Zinnia hybrida 'Profusion Orange' | | Asteraceae | Zinnia 'Profusion Orange' |
| Zinnia peruviana | Crassina multiflora, Zinnia multiflora, Zinnia pauciflora, Chrysogonum peruvianum | Asteraceae | Peruvian Zinnia |
| Ziziphus jujuba | Rhamnus zizyphus, Ziziphus chinensis, Ziziphus vulgaris, Ziziphus sativa | Rhamnaceae | Jujube |
| Ziziphus mauritiana | | Rhamnaceae | Ber |
| Ziziphus nummularia | Rhamnus nummularia, Ziziphus rotundifolia | Rhamnaceae | Jhar Beri |
| Ziziphus oenopolia | Ziziphus oenoplia, Rhamnus oenopolia, Rhamnus oenoplia | Rhamnaceae | Jackal Jujube |
| Ziziphus oxyphylla | Ziziphus acuminata | Rhamnaceae | Pointed-Leaf Jujube |
| Ziziphus rugosa | Zizyphus rugosa, Ziziphus glabra | Rhamnaceae | Wild Jujube |
| Ziziphus xylopyrus | Ziziphus glaberrima, Ziziphus caracutta | Rhamnaceae | Kath Ber |
| Zornia diphylla | Hedysarum diphyllum, Zornia conjugata, Zornia zeylonensis | Fabaceae | Two-Leaf Zornia |
| Zornia gibbosa | Zornia angustifolia, Zornia graminea | Fabaceae | Grasslike Zornia |
| Zornia quilonensis | Zornia angustifolia var. oblongifolia | Fabaceae | Kollam Zornia |
| Zoysia japonica | Zoysia koreana, Osterdamia japonica | Poaceae | Korean Lawngrass |
| Zoysia matrella | Osterdamia zoysia, Zoysia tenuifolia, Zoysia aristata | Poaceae | Manila Grass |
| Zygophyllum indicum | Fagonia indica, Fagonia parviflora, Fagonia mysorensis | Zygophyllaceae | Indian Fagonia |
| Zygophyllum paulayanum | Fagonia indica var. schweinfurthii, Fagonia schweinfurthii | Zygophyllaceae | Desert Fagonia |
